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Your search term(s) "Thrombocytosis or thrombosis" returned 95 results.

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Polycythaemia, Essential Thrombocythaemia and Myelofibrosis. IN: Provan, D., ed. ABC of Clinical Haematology. Williston, VT: Blackwell Publishing Inc. 2007. pp. 17-21.

The myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) comprise polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF). This chapter about MPDs is from a book on clinical hematology, written by specialists for nonspecialists. The book is designed to be easy to use and covers the symptoms, investigations, treatment, and management of conditions presenting in day-to-day practice. In this chapter, the authors cover diagnosis and treatment of each of these disorders, as well as secondary polycythemia, apparent polycythemia, presentation and prognosis of patients with ET, and the progression and management of IMF. The authors note that appropriately treated PV and ET are compatible with long-term survival, but life expectancy is significantly reduced in IMF. They caution that MPDs have an inherent risk of progression to acute leukemia, a risk that is highest in patients with IMF. The chapter is illustrated with full-color photographs, drawings, and charts. 7 figures. 7 tables. 5 references.

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Portal Vein Aneurysm: Case Report and Review of Literature. Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 3(4): 296-300. April 2007.

This article presents a case report and review of the literature regarding portal vein aneurysm, an unusual condition that seems to be due to hereditary weakness or a developmental anomaly of the portal vein. The authors note that the portal vein is a unique vessel because of the presence of capillaries on both ends and the absence of valves. The authors review the different types of portal vein aneurysms and how they might develop and then discuss diagnostic and treatment approaches. They note that the management of portal vein aneurysms remains controversial, as most remain asymptomatic, but serious complications can occur with thrombosis or rupture. The case report is a 57-year-old Caucasian man who was known to have a portal vein aneurysm for more than 10 years. The patient was followed with conservative care, including serial imaging, for more than 4 years; the aneurysm has remained stable and there have been no associated complications. Attached to the article is a commentary from Dr. Marcos Mucenic. 2 figures. 90 references.

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Surveillance Techniques: Mathematical Model Shows Frequent Testing Needed During Graft Surveillance. Nephrology News & Issues. 21(12): 35-36. November 2007.

This article briefly summarizes two recent studies on the main methods of hemodialysis synthetic graft surveillance: blood flow and dialysis venous pressure (VP) measurements. The author participated in the research on blood flow and VP, using duplex ultrasound to determine the diameters of arteries and veins of 94 patients. The first study showed that as stenosis progresses, blood flow is initially unchanged but then rapidly decreases. As the artery becomes narrower, flow resistance increases. The author cautions that if flow measurements are performed only monthly on patients, critical stenosis can be reached and thrombosis may occur before the next flow measurement is taken. The second study investigated the impact of artery and vein diameters on the ability of VP to detect stenosis. Once again, relatively narrow arteries were shown to have a large impact on VP surveillance. The author concludes that the current standard of monthly or even twice monthly surveillance measurements is inadequate. 2 figures. 2 references.

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Thrombocytosis and Thrombosis. IN: Hematology 2007. Washington, DC: American Society of Hematology. 2007. pp 363-369.

This review article covers current diagnostic approaches to and classification of patients presenting with thrombocytosis. The authors focus on specific molecular abnormalities in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD), which represent the most common cause of primary thrombocytosis. Specifically, the JAK2V617F and the MPLW515L/K mutations have been found in patients with essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and primary myelofibrosis, and they have been found less frequently in other myeloproliferative disorders complicated by thrombocytosis. However, neither mutation is disease specific nor is it universally present in patients with elevated platelet counts due to a CMPD. The authors stress that distinguishing between reactive and primary forms of thrombocytosis, as well as among the different clinical entities that constitute the CMPD, requires a multifaceted diagnostic approach, starting with the accurate evaluation of bone marrow histology. The authors discuss the role of elevated platelet counts in thrombosis, which represent the predominant complication of CMPD, significantly affecting prognosis and quality of life. The review concludes with a discussion of the established and novel potential risk factors for thrombosis, including the clinical relevance of the JAK2V617F mutation, and current management strategies for thrombocytosis. 2 figures. 2 tables. 53 references.

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Thromboembolic Disease in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Practical Gastroenterology. 31(7): 26, 31-36. July 2007.

This article reviews the relationship between thromboembolic disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients with IBD are approximately three times more likely than the general population to have a thromboembolic event. Although active disease is a risk factor, even patients with quiescent disease have an increased risk of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. The authors encourage physicians who manage patients with IBD to remain aware of this risk because thromboembolic events have a high associated mortality. At least some of these events may be preventable by use of antithrombotic measures including low-molecular-weight heparin in immobile patients in hospital and long-term care settings. 2 tables. 13 references.

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Thrombophilia: Common Questions on Laboratory Assessment and Management. IN: Hematology 2007. Washington, DC: American Society of Hematology. 2007. pp.127-135.

This chapter, from the annual Hematology 2007, answers common questions on the laboratory assessment and management of patients with thrombophilia. Thrombophilia is an inherited or acquired predisposition to thrombosis. The author reviews the clinical manifestations of thrombophilia and discusses the potential indications for thrombophilia testing, who should be tested, what tests should be requested, when testing should be performed, and how the test results affect primary prevention, acute therapy, and secondary prophylaxis of thrombosis. The author cautions that because there is no single laboratory assay or simple set of assays that will identify all thrombophilias, a battery of complex and potentially expensive assays is usually required. For patient management, the risks of recurrent venous thromboembolism must be weighed against the risks of anticoagulant-related bleeding. The author stresses the importance of reevaluating patients on anticoagulants because the need for secondary prophylaxis tends to change over time. 3 figures. 7 tables. 59 references.

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Thrombotic Disorders. IN: Roberts, H.R., ed. Haemophilia and Haemostasis: A Case-Based Approach to Management. Williston, VT: Blackwell Publishing Inc. 2007. pp 193-221.

This chapter about thrombotic disorders is from a book that compiles a breadth of questions relating to perplexing or complicated management questions in the fields of hemophilia and hemostasis. The contributing authors have provided practical, hands-on answers to the questions sent in by practitioners in the field. This section discusses genetic differences between Asians and Westerners with regard to venous thromboembolism (VTE), treatment of antithrombin deficiency, anticardiolipin antibody questions, pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome and recurrent thrombosis, anticoagulation for deep venous thrombosis in the presence of an intracranial hemorrhage, clinical probability assessment for thromboembolic disease, progestins and thrombosis, and unknown thrombophilia and surgery. Much of the information is presented through case studies. 42 references.

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Classification, Diagnosis and Management of Myeloproliferative Disorders in the JAK2V617F Era. Washington, DC: American Society of Hematology. 2006. pp. 240-245.

This article reviews the classification, diagnosis, and management of myeloproliferative disorders now that JAK2V617F, has been identified. JAK2V617F , a somatic gain-of-function mutation involving the JAK2 tyrosine kinase gene, occurs in nearly all patients with polycythemia vera (PV) but also in a variable proportion of patients with other myeloid disorders. The mutation frequency is estimated at approximately 50 percent in both essential thrombocythemia (ET) and myelofibrosis (MF), up to 20 percent in certain subcategories of atypical myeloproliferative disorder (atypical MPD), less than 3 percent in de novo myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia, and 0 percent in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The author presents the case for grouping PV, ET, and MF together in a distinct MPD category that is separate from chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), MDS, and atypical MPD. The author concludes that the presence of JAK2V617F strongly suggests an underlying MPD and it is therefore reasonable to consider JAK2V617F-based laboratory tests for the evaluation of polycythemia, primary thrombocytosis, unexplained leukocytosis, bone marrow fibrosis, or abdominal vein thrombosis. A patient care algorithm is also included. 1 figure. 3 tables. 41 references.

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Essential Haematology. 5th ed. Williston, VT: Blackwell Publishing Inc. 2006. 380 p.

This hematology textbook offers a comprehensive look at the biochemical, physiological, and immunological processes involved in normal blood cell formation and function and the disturbances that may occur in different diseases. The book is designed to help medical students grasp the essential features of modern clinical and laboratory hematology. The book includes 28 chapters on hemopoiesis, erythropoiesis and general aspects of anemia, hypochromic anemias and iron overload, megaloblastic anemias and other macrocytic anemias, hemolytic anemias, genetic disorders of hemoglobin, granulocytes and monocytes, lymphocytes and their benign disorders, the spleen, the etiology and genetics of hematological malignancies, the management of hematological malignancy, acute leukemias, chronic myeloid leukemia, myelodysplasia, the chronic lymphoid leukemias, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, multiple myeloma and related disorders, myeloproliferative disorders, aplastic anemia and bone marrow failure, stem cell transplantation, platelets and blood coagulation, bleeding disorders caused by vascular and platelet abnormalities, coagulation disorders, thrombosis and antithrombotic therapy, hematological changes in systemic disease, blood transfusion, and pregnancy and neonatal hematology. Each chapter includes full-color photographs and illustrations and concludes with a list of references. The book concludes with three appendices and a detailed subject index.

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Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology. 40(6): 467-475. July 2006.

This article reports on a literature review that focused on the extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The author notes that extraintestinal manifestations of IBD occur in approximately 20 to 40 percent of patients and can involve nearly every organ system in the body. The article first reviews pathogenesis, including genetic factors and immunological mechanisms, then discusses musculoskeletal, dermatologic, ocular, oral, hepatobiliary, hematologic, renal and urologic, pulmonary, neurologic, and cardiovascular manifestations. Specific conditions covered include peripheral arthropathy, osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, episcleritis, keratitis, retinitis, erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, Sweet syndrome, erythema multiforme, aphthous stomatitis, pyostomatitis vegetans, orofacial granulomatosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, hepatic steatosis, anemia, thrombocytosis, nephrolithiasis, obstructive uropathy, interstitial nephritis, bronchiectasis, pleuritis, interstitial fibrosis, peripheral neuropathy, myopathy, myelopathy, and secondary amyloidosis. The author concludes by encouraging clinicians who care for patients with IBD to stay cognizant of various systemic complications of the disease, as failure to diagnose and treat them early may result in major morbidity. 6 figures. 2 tables. 92 references.

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