Link to this page

Your search term(s) "Dialysis" returned 150 results.

Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15    Display All

Kinetic Modeling in Peritoneal Dialysis. In: Clinical Dialysis. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 2005. pp. 385-420.

This chapter on kinetic modeling in peritoneal dialysis (PD) is from a textbook on the clinical management of dialysis patients. The authors note that the clinical goals of modeling in dialysis therapy are to reliably predict water and solute removal with various PD regimens, to quantify the dose of delivered dialysis, and to guide prescription of adequate dialysis. All forms of PD in clinical use are basically batch dialysis systems with intraperitoneal dialysate infusion followed by variable dwell time and subsequent drainage. Topics include ultrafiltration in PD, automated PD (APD), creatinine-to-urea clearances in PD, urea kinetic modeling, equivalent doses of dialysis in PD and hemodialysis (HD), quantification of the dose of intermittent HD combined with residual renal urea clearance, modeling the dose of PD, and the peritoneal function test. The authors stress that in order to prescribe specified levels of fluid and solute control removal for individual patients, the time course of ultrafiltration and clearance with varying infusion volumes and exchange times must be reliably predicted. 34 figures. 2 tables. 80 references.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Lipoprotein Metabolism and Dyslipidemia. In: Clinical Dialysis. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 2005. pp. 777-794.

Death from cardiovascular disease remains a major cause of mortality among patients on dialysis. The development of cardiovascular disease has many causes, including hyperlipidemia, hypertension, inadequate dialysis, vascular calcification, and subclinical inflammation. This chapter on lipoprotein metabolism and dyslipidemia in dialysis patients is from a comprehensive textbook on the clinical management of patients on dialysis. The authors first review the basics of lipoprotein metabolism, then explore lipoprotein abnormalities in uremia and dialysis. The remainder of the chapter focuses on treatment of lipid abnormalities in dialysis patients, including the role of lifestyle and diet, and the use of drug therapy, including fibrates, statins, drugs that inhibit lipid absorption, probucol, nicotinic acid and its derivatives, carnitine, and fish oil. 1 figure. 3 tables. 251 references.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Liver Disease in Dialysis Patients. In: Clinical Dialysis. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 2005. pp. 653-676.

This chapter, from a comprehensive textbook on the management of patients on dialysis, describes the clinical course, diagnosis, and management of liver diseases in this population. The authors note that liver disease typically is not a frequent management issue in patients on chronic dialysis, although viral hepatitis (both types B and C) remains a concern. The authors discuss the interpretation of dialysis tests, hepatitis B epidemiology in dialysis past and present, control practices to prevent the transmission of bloodborne pathogens in hemodialysis, the symptoms and treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatitis D (delta), hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in this population, the epidemiology of HCV in dialysis centers, modes of nosocomial transmission of HCV in hemodialysis, the natural history of HCV infection (including mortality), the symptoms and treatment of HCV infection, and the role of nonviral agents in liver dysfunction in dialysis patients. The authors conclude that controlling the spread of HBV infection in dialysis centers has been a major triumph in the management of end stage renal disease (ESRD), but the diffusion of HCV within hemodialysis units remains high all over the world. 5 tables. 401 references.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Medicare Basics. IN: Physician's Guide to Medicare Coverage of Kidney Dialysis and Kidney Transplant Services. Baltimore, MD: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. May 2005. pp. 4-7.

This chapter on Medicare basics is from a booklet that provides information for physicians who have patients with permanent kidney failure. The booklet explains how these patients can qualify for Medicare, how Medicare helps pay for kidney dialysis and kidney transplants, and where to get more information and assistance. This chapter introduces physicians to Medicare coverage for kidney diseases, including who is eligible, how to sign up for Medicare, when Medicare coverage begins, how to get Medicare coverage sooner than normal, when Medicare coverage ends, and Medicare preventive benefits. Sidebars provide specific examples and important bullet points. One table summarizes the preventive services covered by Medicare.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Medicare Legislation. IN: Physician's Guide to Medicare Coverage of Kidney Dialysis and Kidney Transplant Services. Baltimore, MD: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. May 2005. pp. 10-13.

This chapter on Medicare legislation is from a booklet that provides information for physicians who have patients with permanent kidney failure. The booklet explains how these patients can qualify for Medicare, how Medicare helps pay for kidney dialysis and kidney transplants, and where to get more information and assistance. This chapter introduces physicians to the Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA), including new benefits for Medicare beneficiaries, new protection for individuals with high drug costs, additional assistance for beneficiaries of limited means and with low incomes, savings for state government and employers, new preventive benefits available through the MMA, other key provisions of the legislation, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) composite rate system.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

NAPRTCS Dialysis Registry Status Report. In: Clinical Dialysis. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 2005. pp. 1021-1030.

The North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study Group (NAPRTCS) was founded in 1987 with the purpose of studying kidney transplantation in children and adolescents in North America. This chapter, which provides a status report on the NAPRTCS Dialysis Registry, is from a comprehensive textbook on the clinical management of patients on dialysis. The authors first outline the history of the NAPRTCS, then provide information on patient demographics and nephrologic history, modality initiation and termination, peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, dialysis dose, and temporal trends. In the sections on peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis, the authors report on means of access, the first year of dialysis, complications (notably peritonitis, in the case of peritoneal dialysis), and differences between the two modalities. 2 figures. 14 tables. 1 reference.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Natriuretic Peptides in ESRD. American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 46(1): 1-10. July 2005.

Natriuretic peptides are hormones that are involved in the regulation of volume homeostasis and effect the removal of sodium in the urine. Their levels generally are increased in the setting of volume expansion and act on multiple effector systems to cause vasodilation and natriuresis in an effort to return volume status back to normal. This article discusses the role of natriuretic peptides in people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The authors first describe the role and physiology of natriuretic peptides in patients with normal kidney function, then discuss patients with ESRD, in whom the natriuretic capabilities of these peptides are limited. However, there has been much interest in the potential applicability of measurement of these peptides as a surrogate marker of volume status and in the determination of dry weight. Furthermore, atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide can serve as markers of left ventricular dysfunction and may have utility in determining cardiac prognosis in patients on long-term dialysis therapy. A final section discusses the role of natriuretic peptides in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). 1 figure. 2 tables. 81 references.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Neurologic Aspects of Dialysis. In: Clinical Dialysis. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 2005. pp. 855-876.

This chapter on neurologic aspects of dialysis is from a comprehensive textbook on the clinical management of patients on dialysis. The author summarizes the current status of uremic encephalopathy: its pathophysiology, its possible management, and approaches for the future. The author focuses on two major clinical neurologic syndromes that can be observed in uremic patients: uremic encephalopathy (UE), which is closely linked to the progression of kidney disease; and dialysis encephalopathy (DE), resulting from the dialysis treatment itself. The author reviews each type, then discusses methods of assessing brain function in uremic patients, the pathogenesis of each type, and treatment approaches. Additional neurologic abnormalities are covered in a separate section and include central nervous system infection and hemorrhage, malnutrition and encephalopathy, the neurobiology of aging and dementia, aging collagen, schizophrenia, thiamine deficiency, high homocysteine levels, and erythropoietin encephalopathy. The author concludes that, for DE, malnutrition, anemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, amino acid imbalance, hormonal disorders, drugs, trace elements, and the unphysiology of dialysis treatments are all factors possibly playing an important role. It may be possible to prevent UE by means of simple treatment approaches: better control of nutritional status, chronic supplementation of hydrosoluble vitamins, aerobic exercise training, and proper dialysis adequacy. 13 tables. 150 references.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Nutrition in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Patients on Dialysis. In: Clinical Dialysis. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 2005. pp. 577-594.

Nutritional factors play an important role in the management of patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) as well as those with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not yet on dialysis. Nutritional status affects the morbidity and mortality of patients on dialysis, as well as their quality of life and ultimate rehabilitative potential. This chapter on nutrition is from a comprehensive textbook on the clinical management of dialysis patients. The authors discuss nutritional status in patients with ESRD, the causes of malnutrition in kidney failure, the effects of uremia and dialysis on nutritional status, inflammation and malnutrition, assessment of nutritional status in patients with kidney failure, the dietary management of patients with ESRD, and the nutritional management of patients treated with hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). The authors contend that morbidity and mortality in this patient population might be reduced if patients were well nourished. In addition, the ability to recover from catabolic illness and the occurrence of infectious complications might be improved with better nutritional status. The role of oral or parenteral nutritional supplementation still remains unclear. Once the patient begins dialysis therapy, careful attention to nutritional factors is required to correct malnutrition that may have developed during the predialysis period or to maintain nutrition in the patient who suffers intercurrent catabolic illness. 6 tables. 170 references.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Nutritional Management of Pediatric Patients on Chronic Dialysis. In: Clinical Dialysis. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 2005. pp. 595-610.

Nutritional factors play an important role in the management of patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) as well as those with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not yet on dialysis; in pediatric patients, nutrition is an even more crucial factor. Protein and calorie malnutrition is a common complication of ESRD in children and has been linked to a wide range of complications, including growth retardation and death. This chapter on the nutritional management of pediatric patients is from a comprehensive textbook on the clinical management of dialysis patients. The authors discuss the assessment of nutritional status, the prevention and treatment of malnutrition, and the role of the optimization of dialysis. The authors stress that the treatment of malnutrition in children must be multidisciplinary and based on a series of steps: accurate and periodic monitoring of nutritional status, the provision of adequate calorie and protein intake, the optimization of dialysis treatment, drug prescriptions that are specific for each patient, and continuous psychosocial support for the patient and family. 3 figures. 1 table. 115 references.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15    Display All

Start a new search.