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Your search term(s) "Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia" returned 18 results.

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Neoplasms of the Prostate Gland. IN: Tanagho, E.; McAninch, J., eds. Smith’s General Urology. 17th ed. Columbus, OH: McGraw Hill. 2008. pp 348-374.

This chapter about neoplasms of the prostate gland is from an updated edition of a comprehensive textbook about urology that offers an overview of the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders common to the genitourinary tract. The authors note that the prostate gland is the male organ most commonly afflicted with either benign or malignant neoplasms. Topics include the incidence and epidemiology, etiology, pathology, pathophysiology, clinical findings, differential diagnosis, and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH); the incidence and epidemiology, molecular genetics and pathobiology, and treatment of prostate cancer; and prostate cancer chemoprevention. Treatment options for prostate cancer include watchful waiting and active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy radiation therapy, and cryosurgery and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). One section discusses therapy for recurrent disease. The chapter is illustrated with numerous black-and-white drawings and photographs. The chapter concludes with an extensive list of references, categorized by topic. 4 figures. 6 tables. 92 references.

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NIDDK Prostate Research Strategic Plan. Bethesda, MD: National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse. 2008. 88 p.

Benign diseases of the prostate are among the most common urologic diseases seen by health care professionals. Two of the most significant prostate disorders, based on a variety of troubling symptoms and resulting in diminished quality of life (QOL) of affected males are benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatitis. This document presents a blueprint that investigators and the Federal Government can use to identify where the research in this field has been, where the field is now and, most important, where future research efforts should be directed. Not surprisingly, there is overlap in the major sections comprising this document with respect to some topics and recommendations. The document categorizes research efforts into four areas: basic science; epidemiology and population-based studies; translational opportunities; and clinical sciences. BPH, which is often associated with a collection of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), affects men of all races and ethnic groups and can progress in severity over time. If untreated, BPH can lead to significant consequences, such as acute urinary retention, incontinence, and urinary tract infection. Prostatitis affects men of all ages and leads to significant bother and diminished QOL. Prostatitis comprises four categories of acute or chronic disease, including chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). Despite its relatively high prevalence—estimates have ranged from 2.7 to 9.7 percent in men 18 years and older—prostatitis remains a poorly understood disorder and is very challenging to treat. Moreover, prostatitis, specifically in its chronic form CP/CPPS, can be physically and psychologically devastating for many patients. Specific research topics considered in this report include: vascular biology, metabolism, inflammation and reactive stroma, stem cells, hormonal effects, animal models, aging, neurobiology, proteomics and new technologies, quality of care, quality of life, costs, serum and tissue biorepositories for prostatic disease, database studies and informatics, histopathology, genetics, measuring disease severity and outcome, drug therapies, phytotherapies, and behavioral and lifestyle interventions. Each section includes figures and tables and numerous references. 14 figures. 6 tables. 151 references.

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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Bladder Neck Obstruction, and Prostatitis. IN: Atlas of Urodynamics. 2nd ed. Williston, VT: Blackwell Publishing Inc. 2007. pp 96-119.

The purpose of urodynamic testing is to measure and record various physiological variables while the patient is experiencing those symptoms which make up the presenting complaint. This chapter on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), bladder neck obstruction, and prostatitis is from an atlas of urodynamics that provides a comprehensive, detailed look at the indications, technology, and use of urodynamics in modern urologic practice. The chapter begins with a section defining the terminology currently in use, then goes on to cover mechanical obstruction, smooth muscle obstruction, differential diagnosis, urodynamic evaluation, primary bladder neck obstruction, acquired voiding dysfunction, bladder diverticula, the neurogenic bladder and BPH, and chronic pelvic pain syndrome and prostatitis. The authors then present case illustrations, accompanied by figures and black-and-white photographs of actual urodynamic tests. The authors note that, even in patients with documented prostatic obstruction, factors other than the mechanical effects of prostatic bulk play an important role. These include detrusor muscle strength and tone, bladder wall compliance, smooth muscle function of the bladder neck and prostatic urethra, striated muscle function of the prostate-membranous urethra, and interstitial factors such as elastin and collagen type. 18 figures. 1 table. 15 references.

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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. IN: Litwin, M.S.; Saigal, C.S., eds. Urologic Diseases in America. Bethesda, MD: National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse. pp. 43-70.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common benign neoplasm, a chronic condition that increases in both incidence and prevalence with age. BPH is associated with progressive lower urinary tract symptoms and affects nearly three out of four men during the seventh decade of life. This chapter on BPH is from a lengthy text that offers a comprehensive portrait of the illness burden and resource use associated with the major urologic diseases in the United States. In this chapter, the authors discuss definition and diagnosis; prevalence and incidence; natural history; risk factors; clinical evaluation; trends in health care resource utilization for this condition, including inpatient and outpatient care, pharmaceutical management, surgical management, and nursing home care; and economic impact. They conclude by noting that BPH therapy trends are moving away from the gold-standard surgical options toward less-invasive drug therapy. However, complementary and alternative therapies for BPH remain poorly characterized and their efficacy largely undetermined. 5 figures. 26 tables. 19 references.

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Prostate Problems: What Men Need to Know. Los Problemas de Prostata: Lo Que Los Hombres Deben Saber. Bethesda, MD: National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse. 2007. 4 p.

This fact sheet answers common questions that men may have about prostate problems and their possible impact on urination. Topics include the anatomy and physiology of the prostate, the different types of prostate problems, the symptoms of prostatitis, the causes of prostatitis, treatment options, the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), the causes of BPH, other problems that can cause the same symptoms as prostatitis and BPH, and treatment strategies. Readers are referred to the National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NIKUDIC) for more information. Two pages of the fact sheet are in English; the other two pages present the same information in Spanish.

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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. IN: Kellogg Parsons, J.; James Wright, E., eds. Brady Urology Manual. New York, NY: Informa Healthcare USA. 2006. pp 71-84.

This chapter about benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is from a reference handbook that offers a comprehensive overview of urology, presented in outline and bulleted formats for ease of access in the busy health care world of hospital emergency rooms and outpatient clinics. The author defines BPH as uncontrolled, nonmalignant growth of the prostate characterized by hyperplasia of epithelial and stromal cells within the transition zone. The chapter covers prostate anatomy, presentation and epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, initial patient evaluation, general principles of treatment, watchful waiting, medical therapy, and minimally invasive therapies, including transurethral microwave therapy (TUMT), transurethral needle ablation (TUNA), prostatic urethral stents, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate (TUVP), transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP), laser ablation, and open prostatectomy. Clinically, BPH typically presents with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The American Urological Association (AUA) Symptom Index can be used as a measure for grading symptom severity, determining need for therapy, and assessing response to therapy. The authors stress that, due to the variability of the impact of LUTS on quality of life among men with BPH, the patient’s perception of the severity of the condition remains a primary determinant in the selection of management options. The chapter concludes with a list of references for additional reading and an appendix that reprints the AUA symptom index for BPH. 2 appendices. 2 figures. 44 references.

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Bladder Outflow Obstruction. IN: Dawson, C.; Whitfield, H.N., eds. ABC of Urology. Williston, VT: Blackwell Publishing Inc. 2006. pp. 6-9.

Bladder outflow obstruction is most commonly the result of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This chapter on bladder outflow obstruction is from an atlas of basic urologic problems that is designed to help general practitioners address the ever-increasing number of patients presenting to their offices with urological problems. In this chapter, the author focuses on bladder outflow obstruction that is secondary to BPH. Topics include the patient history, examination, and investigations, which culminate in diagnosis; and treatment, which can include watchful waiting, drug therapy, and surgical intervention. The author concludes that transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) remains the gold standard treatment for bladder outflow obstruction as a result of BPH. Other, more minimally invasive techniques, still need to be compared with TURP through research studies to provide better data on durability, cost-effectiveness, and long-term benefits. Two final brief sections consider urethral stricture and bladder neck dysfunction as other potential causes of bladder outflow obstruction. The chapter features a few pages of text, summaries of information in charts and tables, and full-color photographs and illustrations. 4 figures. 6 tables.

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Evaluation of the Economic Costs and Patient-Related Consequences of Treatments for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. BJU International. 97(5): 1007-1016. May 2006.

This article reports on a study undertaken to compare the costs and effectiveness of treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), including watchful waiting, drug therapy, transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT), and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The study used a Markov model over a 20-year period and the societal perspective to evaluate the costs of treatment alternatives for BPH. The authors note that considering something the “best” treatment depends on the value that an individual and society place on costs and consequences. Alpha-blockers are less expensive than the alternatives and are effective at relieving patient-reported symptoms. Unfortunately, they have little effect on clinical outcomes and have the highest BPH progression rate. Other treatments have lower disease progression and better clinical outcomes, but are more expensive and entail more invasive treatments. TURP remains the gold standard for surgical procedures. The desire to avoid TURP or the 2 weeks of catheterization associated with TUMT might affect a patient’s treatment decision when symptoms are severe. More information about patient preferences and risk aversion is needed to inform treatment decision-making for BPH. 4 figures. 5 tables. 54 references.

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Medical Therapy for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. IN: Eardley, I., et al, eds. Drug Treatment in Urology. Williston, VT: Blackwell Publishing Inc. 2006. pp. 21-38.

This chapter on medical therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is from a book that offers a comprehensive summary of the role of pharmacology in urology. The authors note that medical therapy is now widely used as first-line treatment, except in cases of complicated bladder outflow obstruction (BOO) where surgery is more usually performed, or in very mild cases where watchful waiting is the norm. The authors briefly review the epidemiology and natural history of BPH, then discuss alpha-adrenergic antagonists, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5ARIs), combination therapy, and phytotherapy-including saw palmetto. The authors conclude that while alpha-blockers have an almost immediate beneficial effect on symptoms and flow, they have no significant impact on the risk of disease progression. By contrast, 5ARIs, when used in men with larger prostates, are capable of both arresting disease progression and reducing the incidence of acute urinary retention (AUR) or the need for BPH-related surgery. The use of both an alpha-blocker and a 5ARI in combination seems appropriate in older men with larger glands and an elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) score. 4 figures. 3 tables. 46 references.

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Prostate Enlargement: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Bethesda, MD: National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse. 2006. 12 p.

This booklet reviews benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a common condition of prostate enlargement that occurs as a man gets older. As the prostate enlarges, the layer of tissue surrounding it stops it from expanding, causing the gland to press against the urethra like a clamp on a garden hose, resulting in discomfort, difficulty in urination, and urine retention. The booklet reviews the occurrence of BPH, the symptoms it can cause, diagnostic tests used to confirm the condition, treatment options, and current research efforts in this area. Diagnostic tests discussed include digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood tests, rectal ultrasound and prostate biopsy, urine flow studies, and cystoscopy. Treatment issues discussed include drug treatment; minimally invasive treatments such as transurethral microwave procedure (TUMP), transurethral needle ablation (TUNA), water-induced thermotherapy, and high-intensity focused ultrasound; and surgical treatments, including transurethral surgery, open surgery, laser surgery, postoperative recovery, sexual function after surgery, and postoperative complications such as urinary incontinence. The booklet provides a brief glossary of related terms and briefly describes the goals and activities of the National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse. 3 figures. 2 references.

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