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Rickettsial pox

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Definition   

Rickettsial pox is an infectious disease spread by a mite and characterized by a chickenpox-like rash.

Causes   

Rickettsial pox is caused by Rickettsia akari. It is commonly found in the United States in New York City and other city areas. It also has been seen in South Africa, Korea, and Russia. It is spread by the bite of a mite which lives on mice (Liponyssoides sanguineus).

The disease begins at the site of the mite bite as a painless, firm, red nodule that develops into a fluid-filled blister that bursts and crusts over. This lesion may be large -- almost up to an inch wide.

Several days later, the patient develops a fever and chills with sweating (diaphoresis), and muscle pain (myalgia). Over the next 2 to 3 days, a rash that looks like chickenpox develops. This rash clears up within a week.

Symptoms   

Exams and Tests   

Physical examination confirms the presence of a rash that resembles chicken pox.

Tests include:

Treatment   

The goal of treatment is to cure the infection. Medications used include antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and doxycycline.

Outlook (Prognosis)   

Full recovery is expected.

Possible Complications   

There are usually no complications if the disorder is treated.

When to Contact a Medical Professional   

Call your health care provider if your child has symptoms suggestive of rickettsial pox.

Prevention   

Sanitary measures, especially with regard to control of mice and their parasites, will prevent spread of rickettsialpox.

Update Date: 9/25/2006

Updated by: Charlotte Grayson, MD, Private Practice specializing in Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease, Smyrna, GA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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