A heart–respiratory monitor can measure a baby's:

• Breathing rate
• Blood pressure
• Heart beat
• Oxygen level

Care givers can use these measurements to decide how the baby is doing, as well as to help make decisions regarding various treatments and medicines.

Usually stick-on electrodes that sense chest movement and the heart beat are attached to the baby in several places on the chest or the stomach. These electrodes connect to the monitor using an electric cable. Electrodes may cause mild skin irritation. Extremely premature babies with very sensitive skin may require special gel-like electrodes to minimize skin damage.

If blood pressure is being monitored, a cuff will be placed on the baby's arm or leg.

Oxygen levels are monitored using a pulse oximeter, which is a small red light device placed on the baby's finger or toe. It does not harm the skin.

It's important to note that monitors are electrical instruments that can fail without power or due to some electrical problem. While monitoring capabilities are lost, there is no risk to the baby.