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Cancer Control Research

Abstract

DESCRIPTION: Smoking risks are strongly dose-related. Lung cancer risks are shown to leap from 10-fold to 70-fold with increases of daily cigarette consumption. To reduce tobacco exposure and its corresponding hazards is a first step in transitioning resistant smokers who are unwilling or unable to commit to quitting. Traditionally, abstinence programs target the highly-motivated smoker ready to quit or take action. 80% of tobacco users, however, do not plan an attempt in the next six months. 50% will never quit. Reasons cited include unwillingness to forego the pleasure, discouragement with past failures, and intolerance of side effects. Occasionally, a "chink in the armor" appears and smokers become open to seriously cutting back. Smoking reduction is increasingly recognized as a first step in moving refractory tobacco users toward harm reduction and later stages of change, including the ideal of abstinence. Smoking reduction may reach deeper into pre-contemplative and intransigent segments who are otherwise unresponsive. Success at achieving more limited goals may rebuild self-efficacy loss. This study will demonstrate a technological breakthrough that delivers a scheduled reduction regimen programmed to decrease to and maintain usage at 50% of baseline. Sophisticated biomarkers will verify reduction in uptake of carcinogens, toxins and nicotine.