| Agent Name |
1,1-Dichloroethane |
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| Alternative Name |
Ethylidene chloride |
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| CAS Number |
75-34-3 |
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| Formula |
C2-H4-Cl2 |
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| Major Category |
Solvents |
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| Synonyms |
Asymmetrical dichloroethane; 1,1-Dichlorethane; 1,1-Dichloroethane; 1,1-Ethylidene dichloride; Chlorinated hydrochloric ether; Ethane, 1,1-dichloro-; Ethylidene chloride; Ethylidene dichloride; alpha,alpha-Dichloroethane; [ChemIDplus] UN2362 |
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| Category |
Chlorinated Aliphatic |
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| Description |
Colorless, oily liquid with a chloroform-like odor; [NIOSH] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used as a chemical intermediate, grain fumigant, and solvent for plastics and oils; in the past, used as an anesthetic; [ACGIH] |
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| Comments |
1,1-Dichoroethane is less toxic to the liver than other chlorinated solvents. [ACGIH] |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
No |
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| TLV (ACGIH) |
100 ppm |
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| PEL (OSHA) |
100 ppm |
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| MAK |
100 ppm |
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| IDLH (NIOSH) |
3000 ppm |
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| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
Patty [1963] reported that rats survived 8�hour exposures to 4,000 ppm, but died at 16,000 ppm [Smyth 1956]. |
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| Vapor Pressure |
227 mm Hg |
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| Odor Threshold Low |
49 ppm |
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| Odor Threshold High |
1359 ppm |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 13,000 ppm/4H |
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| Explanatory Notes |
Odor threshold from AIHA; Flash point = -17 deg C; |
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| Half Life |
Based on information from its use as an anesthetic in the past: completely removed within 2 days; [TDR, p. 490] |
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| Reference Link |
ATSDR ToxFAQs - 1,1-Dichloroethane |
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| Flammability (NFPA) |
3: may ignite at ambient temperature |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Neurotoxin |
CNS Solvent Syndrome |
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| Hepatotoxin |
Hepatotoxin, Secondary |
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| Nephrotoxin |
Yes |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: 1,1-DICHLOROETHANE
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