Power to Control - Slide 4

Types of Diabetes

• Type 1 Diabetes

  • 5-10% of diagnosed cases of diabetes

• Type 2 Diabetes

  • 90-95% diagnosed cases of diabetes

• Gestational Diabetes

  • 7% of all U.S. pregnancies

Note:

• Type 1 diabetes accounts for 5-10% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes and usually affects children and young adults, although the disease can occur at any age. There is no known way to prevent type 1 diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the cells in the pancreas that make insulin are destroyed. People with type 1 diabetes need to get insulin from shots or a pump everyday. Type 1 used to be called “insulin dependent” or “juvenile” diabetes.

• Type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90-95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. It is associated with older age, obesity, family history of diabetes, history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose metabolism, physical inactivity, and race/ethnicity. African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, American Indians, and some Asian Americans and Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders are at particularly high risk for type 2 diabetes and its complications. In type 2 diabetes, the pancreas still makes some insulin but cells cannot use it very well. People with type 2 diabetes may need to take insulin or pills to help the body’s supply of insulin work better. Type 2 used to be called “adult onset diabetes.” Now more teens are getting type 2, especially if they are overweight.

• Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that occurs when women are pregnant. Having it raises their risk for getting diabetes, mostly type 2, for the rest of their lives. It also raises their child’s risk for being overweight and for getting type 2 diabetes.

Reference

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. National Diabetes Statistics fact sheet: general information and national estimates on diabetes in the United States, 2005. Bethesda, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, 2005.