| Agent Name |
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine |
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| CAS Number |
57-14-7 |
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| Formula |
C2-H8-N2 |
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| Major Category |
Toxic Gases & Vapors |
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| Synonyms |
Dimazine; DMH; UDMH; Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine; [NIOSH] |
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| Category |
Other Toxic Gases & Vapors |
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| Description |
Colorless liquid with an ammonia- or fish-like odor; [NIOSH] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used in jet and rocket fuels, photography, and organic synthesis; also used to control plant growth and to absorb acid gases; [ACGIH] |
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| Comments |
Liquid causes second or third degree burns after short contact; [CHRIS] Corrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] In animal experiments at 5 ppm, 6 hours/day, 5 days a week, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine causes neurological injury and hemolytic anemia. In several reported cases following industrial accidents, observed effects included neurological symptoms, pulmonary edema, and elevated liver enzymes. [ACGIH] Patients poisoned by hydrazines may develop methemoglobinemia and liver injury. [HSDB] In high-dose reproductive studies of animals, hydrazine derivatives (hydrazine, MMH, and UDMH) cause testicular damage and fetal loss, and hydrazine causes birth defects. [Frazier, p. 341-2] |
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| Reference Link |
ATSDR - ToxFAQs - Hydrazines |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
Yes |
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| TIH |
Yes |
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| TLV (ACGIH) |
0.01 ppm |
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| PEL (OSHA) |
0.5 ppm |
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| IDLH (NIOSH) |
15 ppm |
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| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
Other animal data: No adverse effects were noted in dogs exposed at 50, 200, and 600 ppm for 60, 15, and 5 minutes, respectively; only mild toxic responses were noted at 100, 400, and 1,200 ppm for 60, 15, and 5 minutes, respectively [Weeks et al. 1963]. |
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| Vapor Pressure |
157 mm Hg |
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| Odor Threshold Low |
6.1 ppm |
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| Odor Threshold High |
14 ppm |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 252 ppm/4 hr |
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| Explanatory Notes |
Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 9.2); |
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| Reference Link |
International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO) |
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| Flammability (NFPA) |
4: burns readily |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Toxic Pneumonitis |
Yes |
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| Methemoglobinemia |
Methemoglobinemia, Secondary |
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| Dermatotoxin |
Skin Burns |
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| Neurotoxin |
Other CNS Neurotoxin |
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| Hepatotoxin |
Hepatotoxin, Secondary |
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| Reproductive Toxin |
Yes |
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| IARC Carcinogen |
Possible Carcinogen |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: 1,1-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
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