Cancer Control Research
5R03CA059263-02
Demark-Wahnefried, Wendy
PROSTATE CANCER--ANTHROPOMETRIC CASE-CONTROL COMPARISON
AbstractProstate Cancer:Case/Control Comparison - Cancer of the prostate is the
leading cancer in U.S. males and is increasing each year at alarming
rates. Yet despite its prevalence, few risk factors have been firmly
established. The identification of biomarkers for prostatic carcinoma
has been targeted as a priority in our national cancer effort and is a
critical element in the development of efficient screening and early
detection programs. Recent reviews have identified anthropometry as an
area which bears promise in uncovering such risk factors, and that
differences in fat distribution, skeletal structure and musculature may
be evident in men with prostate cancer versus those without this disease.
Indeed, our pilot study in this area has resulted in provocative
findings. A cooperative case-control study between the Departments of
Cancer Control Research and Surgery/Division of Urology at the Duke
University Comprehensive Cancer Center is proposed to further investigate
differences in anthropometric measures in these populations.
Men with new diagnosed staged A, B or C prostate cancer (n = 150) and
those where such diagnosis is ruled-out (n = 150) will be recruited from
the Duke Urology Clinics. Subjects will be limited to mentally
competent, weight-stable ( less than 5 % weight change over the past
year), black or white men between the ages of 50-70 years old whose
physical condition does not interfere with/or impact on complete
anthropometric assessment and who are not taking exogenous hormones or
anti-hormonal agents. Subjects will be stratified with regard to age and
race and the following measures will be taken: weight; standing and
sitting height; biacromial, bideltoid and biiliac breadths; midarm,
midarm muscle, waist, hip and thigh circumferences; and triceps, biceps,
subscapular, suprailiac and thigh skinfold thicknesses, and weight
history. Analyses of free serum testosterone and sex hormone binding
globulin are planned, and associations between anthropometric measures
(this includes raw data, anthropometric ratios and data generated by body
mass and composition prediction equations) and hormonal levels will be
tested. Subgroup analyses comparing blacks and whites will also be
conducted.
The pilot study conducted for this research suggests that cases and
controls, may indeed, differ with regard to fat distribution and skeletal
structure. We therefore propose a larger study which will permit
adequate power to test the hypotheses that anthropometric measures of fat
distribution, skeletal structure and body musculature are significantly
different between men with prostate cancer versus those without this
disease, and that associations between these anthropometric measures and
serum levels of sex hormone binding globulin and free testosterone exist.
This case/control investigation of anthropometric measures and their
association with hormonal levels and the incidence of prostate cancer
could potentially uncover novel risk factors for prostatic cancer
pathogenesis, as well as to uncover additional areas for further
exploration.
|