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Open Cardiovasc Med J. 2008; 2: 52–59.
Published online 2008 July 22. doi: 10.2174/1874192400802010052.
PMCID: PMC2570578
Low HDL Cholesterol, Smoking and IL-13 R130Q Polymorphism are Associated with Myocardial Infarction in Greek Cypriot Males. A Pilot Study
Stavroulla Xenophontos,1 Marilena Hadjivassiliou,1 Alexandros Karagrigoriou,2 Nafsika Demetriou,1 George Miltiadous,3 Ioannis Marcou,4 Moses Elisaf,3 Dimitri P Mikhailidis,5 and Marios A Cariolou* 1
1Department of Cardiovascular Genetics & The Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
2Mathematics and Statistics Department, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
3Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
4Department of Internal Medicine, Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
5Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London, Pond Street, London, NW3 2 QG, UK
* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Cardiovascular Genetics & The Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 6 Airport Avenue, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus; Tel: 0035722392651; Fax: 0035722392638; E-mail: cariolou/at/cing.ac.cy
Received June 24, 2008; Revised July 2, 2008; Accepted July 4, 2008.
Abstract
This study was carried out in Greek Cypriot males to identify risk factors that predispose to myocardial infarction (MI). Genetic and lipid risk factors were investigated for the first time in a Greek Cypriot male case-control study.Contrary to other studies, mean low density lipoprotein cholesterol did not differ between cases and controls. High density lipoprotein cholesterol on the other hand, although within normal range in cases and controls, was significantly higher in the control population. In agreement with many other studies, smoking was significantly more prevalent in cases compared with controls. In pooled cases and controls, smokers had a significantly lower HDL-C level compared with non-smokers. The frequency of the IL-13 R130Q homozygotes for the mutation (QQ), as well as the mutant allele were significantly higher in cases compared with controls. The IL-13 R130Q variant, or another locus, linked to it, may increase the risk of MI.
Key Words: Smoking, myocardial infarction, cholesterol, Cyprus