• HbA1C [ Time Frame: at screening visit, at the middle of the study, at the end of the study and prior to sweetching to twice daily treatment ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• SBGM [ Time Frame: 4-8 times a day ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• CGMS [ Time Frame: 72 hours prior to switching to twice daily treatment and at the end of study ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Total daily basal and bolus insulin [ Time Frame: will be calculated every visit ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

• documentation of hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic episodes [ Time Frame: diary will be collected every visit ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
  

An open label,treat to target, prospective, intervention study in order to compare the metabolic control of once to twice-daily insulin detemir injections in children and adolescence with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Study objectives:

1. To assess the efficacy and safety of insulin detemir therapy (once or twice daily) using a treat to target titration protocol for initiating and maintaining therapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
2. To evaluate the percentage of patients That will achieve a reduction of 0.5% of HbA1c from baseline to end of study evaluation.
3. To evaluate Incidence of sever, nocturnal, symptomatic and asymptomatic hypoglycemia and glucose excursions of both hyper and hypoglycemia as measured by the area under the curve determined by the CGMS technique.

Treatment plan:

Patients will be assigned to receive insulin detemir once daily before breakfast. Short acting insulin analog , Novorapid, will be used for mealtime insulin. The starting dose of insulin detemir will be individually determined. Based on self-measured fasting blood glucose levels, insulin doses will be titrated throughout the trial, aiming at pre breakfast and premeal concentrations of 90-180 mg/dl for subjects aged 6-12 years and 80-130 mg/dl for subjects aged 13-18 years.

Patients that after 4 weeks titration phase will not achieve the target blood glucose and up titration of insulin Detemir cannot be done, due to hypoglycemic episodes, would be switched to treatment consist of twice daily insulin Detemir.

If the target blood glucose are not achieved at the end of the 4 weeks titration phase, but further up titration is possible and patient does not suffer from hypoglycemic episodes, the titration period would be extended and patient would not be switched to treatment with 2 injections of insulin Detemir.