| | This journal provides immediate access to some articles. This Week in PNAS Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6503–6504. doi: 10.1073/iti1808105.PMCID: PMC2373328 Commentary Why conservation planning needs socioeconomic data Stephen Polasky Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6505–6506. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0802815105.PMCID: PMC2373354 Perspective What's the point of the type III secretion system needle? Ariel J. Blocker, Janet E. Deane, Andreas K. J. Veenendaal, Pietro Roversi, Julie L. Hodgkinson, Steven Johnson, and Susan M. Lea Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6507–6513. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0708344105.PMCID: PMC2373345 Physical Sciences Chemistry Folding of a donor–acceptor polyrotaxane by using noncovalent bonding interactions Wenyu Zhang, William R. Dichtel, Adam Z. Stieg, Diego Benítez, James K. Gimzewski, James R. Heath, and J. Fraser Stoddart Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6514–6519. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0711072105.PMCID: PMC2373343 Investigations of valanimycin biosynthesis: Elucidation of the role of seryl-tRNA Ram P. Garg, Xuelei L. Qian, Lawrence B. Alemany, Sean Moran, and Ronald J. Parry Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6543–6547. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0708957105.PMCID: PMC2373340 Geology Younger Dryas “black mats” and the Rancholabrean termination in North America C. Vance Haynes, Jr Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6520–6525. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0800560105.PMCID: PMC2373324 A polycyclic terpenoid that alleviates oxidative stress T. Bosak, R. M. Losick, and A. Pearson Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6725–6729. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0800199105.PMCID: PMC2373358 Geophysics Prediction of an U2S3-type polymorph of Al2O3 at 3.7 Mbar Koichiro Umemoto and Renata M. Wentzcovitch Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6526–6530. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0711925105.PMCID: PMC2373319 Biological Sciences Applied Biological Sciences Mice lacking angiotensin-converting enzyme have increased energy expenditure, with reduced fat mass and improved glucose clearance Anura P. Jayasooriya, Michael L. Mathai, Lesley L. Walker, Denovan P. Begg, Derek A. Denton, David Cameron-Smith, Gary F. Egan, Michael J. McKinley, Paula D. Rodger, Andrew J. Sinclair, John D. Wark, Harrison S. Weisinger, Mark Jois, and Richard S. Weisinger Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6531–6536. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0802690105.PMCID: PMC2373349 Cyclic distension of fibrin-based tissue constructs: Evidence of adaptation during growth of engineered connective tissue Zeeshan H. Syedain, Justin S. Weinberg, and Robert T. Tranquillo Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6537–6542. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0711217105.PMCID: PMC2373356 Biochemistry Investigations of valanimycin biosynthesis: Elucidation of the role of seryl-tRNA Ram P. Garg, Xuelei L. Qian, Lawrence B. Alemany, Sean Moran, and Ronald J. Parry Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6543–6547. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0708957105.PMCID: PMC2373340 Biogenesis of extracellular microfibrils: Multimerization of the fibrillin-1 C terminus into bead-like structures enables self-assembly Dirk Hubmacher, Ehab I. El-Hallous, Valentin Nelea, Mari T. Kaartinen, Eunice R. Lee, and Dieter P. Reinhardt Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6548–6553. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0706335105.PMCID: PMC2373353 Hypusine modification for growth is the major function of spermidine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae polyamine auxotrophs grown in limiting spermidine Manas K. Chattopadhyay, Myung Hee Park, and Herbert Tabor Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6554–6559. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0710970105.PMCID: PMC2373341 Structural and mechanistic insight into the basis of mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB Elizabeth Ficko-Blean, Keith A. Stubbs, Oksana Nemirovsky, David J. Vocadlo, and Alisdair B. Boraston Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6560–6565. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0711491105.PMCID: PMC2373330 The crystal structure and dimerization interface of GADD45γ Joseph D. Schrag, Sarn Jiralerspong, Myriam Banville, Maria Luz Jaramillo, and Maureen D. O'Connor-McCourt Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6566–6571. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0800086105.PMCID: PMC2373355 Revealing the moonlighting role of NADP in the structure of a flavin-containing monooxygenase Andrea Alfieri, Enrico Malito, Roberto Orru, Marco W. Fraaije, and Andrea Mattevi Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6572–6577. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0800859105.PMCID: PMC2373336 Design of protein function leaps by directed domain interface evolution Jin Huang, Akiko Koide, Koki Makabe, and Shohei Koide Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6578–6583. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801097105.PMCID: PMC2373342 Activation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways regulates Myc-mediated transcription by phosphorylating and promoting the degradation of Mad1 Jidong Zhu, John Blenis, and Junying Yuan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6584–6589. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0802785105.PMCID: PMC2373325 Biophysics From the Cover: Assembly mechanism of recombinant spider silk proteins S. Rammensee, U. Slotta, T. Scheibel, and A. R. Bausch Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6590–6595. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0709246105.PMCID: PMC2373321 Release of hydrophobic molecules from polymer micelles into cell membranes revealed by Förster resonance energy transfer imaging Hongtao Chen, Sungwon Kim, Li Li, Shuyi Wang, Kinam Park, and Ji-Xin Cheng Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6596–6601. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0707046105.PMCID: PMC2373326 Single-molecule nonequilibrium periodic Mg2+-concentration jump experiments reveal details of the early folding pathways of a large RNA Xiaohui Qu, Glenna J. Smith, Kang Taek Lee, Tobin R. Sosnick, Tao Pan, and Norbert F. Scherer Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6602–6607. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801436105.PMCID: PMC2373323 Cell Biology Mathematical modeling identifies Smad nucleocytoplasmic shuttling as a dynamic signal-interpreting system Bernhard Schmierer, Alexander L. Tournier, Paul A. Bates, and Caroline S. Hill Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6608–6613. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0710134105.PMCID: PMC2373357 β-Arrestin-1 mediates glucagon-like peptide-1 signaling to insulin secretion in cultured pancreatic β cells Noriyuki Sonoda, Takeshi Imamura, Takeshi Yoshizaki, Jennie L. Babendure, Juu-Chin Lu, and Jerrold M. Olefsky Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6614–6619. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0710402105.PMCID: PMC2373360 Bone marrow-derived circulating endothelial precursors do not contribute to vascular endothelium and are not needed for tumor growth Susanna Purhonen, Jarmo Palm, Derrick Rossi, Nina Kaskenpää, Iiro Rajantie, Seppo Ylä-Herttuala, Kari Alitalo, Irving L. Weissman, and Petri Salven Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6620–6625. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0710516105.PMCID: PMC2365563 Rapid signal transduction in living cells is a unique feature of mechanotransduction Sungsoo Na, Olivier Collin, Farhan Chowdhury, Bernard Tay, Mingxing Ouyang, Yingxiao Wang, and Ning Wang Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6626–6631. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0711704105.PMCID: PMC2373315 Phenotypic transcription factors epigenetically mediate cell growth control Syed A. Ali, Sayyed K. Zaidi, Caroline S. Dacwag, Nunciada Salma, Daniel W. Young, Abdul R. Shakoori, Martin A. Montecino, Jane B. Lian, Andre J. van Wijnen, Anthony N. Imbalzano, Gary S. Stein, and Janet L. Stein Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6632–6637. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0800970105.PMCID: PMC2373311 Cardiac developmental defects and eccentric right ventricular hypertrophy in cardiomyocyte focal adhesion kinase (FAK) conditional knockout mice Xu Peng, Xiaoyang Wu, Joseph E. Druso, Huijun Wei, Ann Yong-Jin Park, Marc S. Kraus, Ana Alcaraz, Ju Chen, Shu Chien, Richard A. Cerione, and Jun-Lin Guan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6638–6643. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0802319105.PMCID: PMC2373317 Developmental Biology Pygopus activates Wingless target gene transcription through the mediator complex subunits Med12 and Med13 Inés Carrera, Florence Janody, Nina Leeds, Fabien Duveau, and Jessica E. Treisman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6644–6649. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0709749105.PMCID: PMC2373359 Functional specialization among insect chitinase family genes revealed by RNA interference Qingsong Zhu, Yasuyuki Arakane, Richard W. Beeman, Karl J. Kramer, and Subbaratnam Muthukrishnan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6650–6655. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0800739105.PMCID: PMC2373347 ES cell pluripotency and germ-layer formation require the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling component BAF250a Xiaolin Gao, Peri Tate, Ping Hu, Robert Tjian, William C. Skarnes, and Zhong Wang Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6656–6661. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801802105.PMCID: PMC2373334 The fetal liver is a niche for maturation of primitive erythroid cells Joan Isern, Stuart T. Fraser, Zhiyong He, and Margaret H. Baron Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6662–6667. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0802032105.PMCID: PMC2373346 Environmental Sciences From the Cover: Impacts of climate warming on terrestrial ectotherms across latitude Curtis A. Deutsch, Joshua J. Tewksbury, Raymond B. Huey, Kimberly S. Sheldon, Cameron K. Ghalambor, David C. Haak, and Paul R. Martin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6668–6672. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0709472105.PMCID: PMC2373333 On the protection of “protected areas” Lucas N. Joppa, Scott R. Loarie, and Stuart L. Pimm Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6673–6678. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0802471105.PMCID: PMC2365567 Evolution Noncanonical role of Hox14 revealed by its expression patterns in lamprey and shark Shigehiro Kuraku, Yoko Takio, Koji Tamura, Hideaki Aono, Axel Meyer, and Shigeru Kuratani Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6679–6683. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0710947105.PMCID: PMC2373320 Immunology Selective targeting of ITK blocks multiple steps of HIV replication Julie A. Readinger, Gillian M. Schiralli, Jian-Kang Jiang, Craig J. Thomas, Avery August, Andrew J. Henderson, and Pamela L. Schwartzberg Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6684–6689. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0709659105.PMCID: PMC2365562 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in lung dendritic cells promotes Th2 responses and allergic inflammation Hui Xu, Timothy B. Oriss, Mingjian Fei, Adam C. Henry, Barbro N. Melgert, Li Chen, Andrew L. Mellor, David H. Munn, Charles G. Irvin, Prabir Ray, and Anuradha Ray Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6690–6695. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0708809105.PMCID: PMC2373348 Structural basis for NKG2A/CD94 recognition of HLA-E Brett K. Kaiser, Juan Carlos Pizarro, Julie Kerns, and Roland K. Strong Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6696–6701. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0802736105.PMCID: PMC2373352 Medical Sciences High blood pressure arising from a defect in vascular function Simon K. Michael, Howard K. Surks, Yuepeng Wang, Yan Zhu, Robert Blanton, Michelle Jamnongjit, Mark Aronovitz, Wendy Baur, Kenichi Ohtani, Michael K. Wilkerson, Adrian D. Bonev, Mark T. Nelson, Richard H. Karas, and Michael E. Mendelsohn Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6702–6707. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0802128105.PMCID: PMC2373316 Microdeletions are a general feature of adult and adolescent acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Unexpected similarities with pediatric disease Kajsa Paulsson, Jean-Baptiste Cazier, Finlay MacDougall, Jane Stevens, Irina Stasevich, Nikoletta Vrcelj, Tracy Chaplin, Debra M. Lillington, T. Andrew Lister, and Bryan D. Young Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6708–6713. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0800408105.PMCID: PMC2373322 Inhibition of neural crest migration underlies craniofacial dysmorphology and Hirschsprung's disease in Bardet–Biedl syndrome Jonathan L. Tobin, Matt Di Franco, Erica Eichers, Helen May-Simera, Monica Garcia, Jiong Yan, Robyn Quinlan, Monica J. Justice, Raoul C. Hennekam, James Briscoe, Masazumi Tada, Roberto Mayor, Alan J. Burns, James R. Lupski, Peter Hammond, and Philip L. Beales Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6714–6719. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0707057105.PMCID: PMC2373327 Targeted deletion of the murine corneodesmosin gene delineates its essential role in skin and hair physiology Mitsuru Matsumoto, Yiqing Zhou, Shinji Matsuo, Hideki Nakanishi, Kenji Hirose, Hajimu Oura, Seiji Arase, Akemi Ishida-Yamamoto, Yoshimi Bando, Keisuke Izumi, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Naoko Oshima, Rika Nakayama, Akemi Matsushima, Fumiko Hirota, Yasuhiro Mouri, Noriyuki Kuroda, Shigetoshi Sano, and David D. Chaplin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6720–6724. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0709345105.PMCID: PMC2373361 Microbiology A polycyclic terpenoid that alleviates oxidative stress T. Bosak, R. M. Losick, and A. Pearson Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6725–6729. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0800199105.PMCID: PMC2373358 From the Cover: Extreme polyploidy in a large bacterium Jennifer E. Mendell, Kendall D. Clements, J. Howard Choat, and Esther R. Angert Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6730–6734. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0707522105.PMCID: PMC2373351 Functional plasticity of a peroxidase allows evolution of diverse disulfide-reducing pathways Melinda J. Faulkner, Karthik Veeravalli, Stéphanie Gon, George Georgiou, and Jon Beckwith Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6735–6740. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801986105.PMCID: PMC2373332 Neuroscience Neural correlates of mentalizing-related computations during strategic interactions in humans Alan N. Hampton, Peter Bossaerts, and John P. O'Doherty Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6741–6746. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0711099105.PMCID: PMC2373314 From the Cover: Simulation of talking faces in the human brain improves auditory speech recognition Katharina von Kriegstein, Özgür Dogan, Martina Grüter, Anne-Lise Giraud, Christian A. Kell, Thomas Grüter, Andreas Kleinschmidt, and Stefan J. Kiebel Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6747–6752. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0710826105.PMCID: PMC2365564 Global versus local processing of frequency-modulated tones in gerbils: An animal model of lateralized auditory cortex functions Wolfram Wetzel, Frank W. Ohl, and Henning Scheich Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6753–6758. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0707844105.PMCID: PMC2365561 The effect of a serotonin-induced dissociation between spiking and perisynaptic activity on BOLD functional MRI Alexander Rauch, Gregor Rainer, and Nikos K. Logothetis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6759–6764. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0800312105.PMCID: PMC2373337 Modular patterning of structure and function of the striatum by retinoid receptor signaling Wen-Lin Liao, Hsiu-Chao Tsai, Hsiao-Fang Wang, Josephine Chang, Kuan-Ming Lu, Hsiao-Lin Wu, Yi-Chao Lee, Ting-Fen Tsai, Hiroshi Takahashi, Michael Wagner, Norbert B. Ghyselinck, Pierre Chambon, and Fu-Chin Liu Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6765–6770. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0802109105.PMCID: PMC2373312 Physiology Anemia and splenomegaly in cGKI-deficient mice Michael Föller, Susanne Feil, Kamran Ghoreschi, Saisudha Koka, Andrea Gerling, Martin Thunemann, Franz Hofmann, Beat Schuler, Johannes Vogel, Bernd Pichler, Ravi S. Kasinathan, Jan P. Nicolay, Stephan M. Huber, Florian Lang, and Robert Feil Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6771–6776. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0708940105.PMCID: PMC2373362 Insulin signaling and FOXO regulate the overwintering diapause of the mosquito Culex pipiens Cheolho Sim and David L. Denlinger Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6777–6781. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0802067105.PMCID: PMC2373331 Plant Biology From the Cover: Mutations in topoisomerase I as a self-resistance mechanism coevolved with the production of the anticancer alkaloid camptothecin in plants Supaart Sirikantaramas, Mami Yamazaki, and Kazuki Saito Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6782–6786. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801038105.PMCID: PMC2365566 Corrections Correction for Assarsson et al., Kinetic analysis of a complete poxvirus transcriptome reveals an immediate-early class of genes Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6787. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0803050105.PMCID: PMC2373344 Corrects: Erika Assarsson, et al. Kinetic analysis of a complete poxvirus transcriptome reveals an immediate-early class of genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 February 12; 105(6): 2140–2145. Correction for Möglich et al., End-to-end distance distributions and intrachain diffusion constants in unfolded polypeptide chains indicate intramolecular hydrogen bond formation Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 6; 105(18): 6787. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0803144105.PMCID: PMC2373350 Corrects: Andreas Möglich, et al. End-to-end distance distributions and intrachain diffusion constants in unfolded polypeptide chains indicate intramolecular hydrogen bond formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 August 15; 103(33): 12394–12399. |