| | This journal provides immediate access to some articles. Bioligical Sciences Biophysics Order N algorithm for computation of electrostatic interactions in biomolecular systems Benzhuo Lu, Xiaolin Cheng, Jingfang Huang, and J. Andrew McCammon Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19314–19319. Published online 2006 December 5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0605166103.PMCID: PMC1748223 This Week in PNAS Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19215–19216. doi: 10.1073/iti5106103.PMCID: PMC1748205 Commentaries Binding then bending: A mechanism for wrapping DNA Sergei Khrapunov, Michael Brenowitz, Phoebe A. Rice, and Carlos Enrique Catalano Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19217–19218. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609223103.PMCID: PMC1748206 Small worlds inside big brains Olaf Sporns and Christopher J. Honey Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19219–19220. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609523103.PMCID: PMC1748207 Profile Profile of Elinor Ostrom Nick Zagorski Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19221–19223. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609919103.PMCID: PMC1748208 Physical Sciences Applied Mathematics Three-dimensional equilibria in axially symmetric tokamaks Paul R. Garabedian Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19232–19236. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609569103.PMCID: PMC1748209 Applied Physical Sciences Three-dimensional equilibria in axially symmetric tokamaks Paul R. Garabedian Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19232–19236. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609569103.PMCID: PMC1748209 Role of molecular charge and hydrophilicity in regulating the kinetics of crystal growth S. Elhadj, J. J. De Yoreo, J. R. Hoyer, and P. M. Dove Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19237–19242. Published online 2006 December 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0605748103.PMCID: PMC1748210 Chemistry Nanoliter microfluidic hybrid method for simultaneous screening and optimization validated with crystallization of membrane proteins Liang Li, Debarshi Mustafi, Qiang Fu, Valentina Tereshko, Delai L. Chen, Joshua D. Tice, and Rustem F. Ismagilov Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19243–19248. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607502103.PMCID: PMC1748211 Computer Sciences Discrete Radon transform has an exact, fast inverse and generalizes to operations other than sums along lines William H. Press Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19249–19254. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609228103.PMCID: PMC1697830 Engineering Analysis of cartilage matrix fixed charge density and three-dimensional morphology via contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography Ashley W. Palmer, Robert E. Guldberg, and Marc E. Levenston Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19255–19260. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606406103.PMCID: PMC1748213 Physics A physical analogue of the Schelling model Dejan Vinković and Alan Kirman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19261–19265. Published online 2006 December 6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609371103.PMCID: PMC1748214 Biological Sciences Anthropology Paleobiology and comparative morphology of a late Neandertal sample from El Sidrón, Asturias, Spain Antonio Rosas, Cayetana Martínez-Maza, Markus Bastir, Antonio García-Tabernero, Carles Lalueza-Fox, Rosa Huguet, José Eugenio Ortiz, Ramón Julià, Vicente Soler, Trinidad de Torres, Enrique Martínez, Juan Carlos Cañaveras, Sergio Sánchez-Moral, Soledad Cuezva, Javier Lario, David Santamaría, Marco de la Rasilla, and Javier Fortea Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19266–19271. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609662104.PMCID: PMC1748215 Applied Biological Sciences A fully integrated microfluidic genetic analysis system with sample-in–answer-out capability Christopher J. Easley, James M. Karlinsey, Joan M. Bienvenue, Lindsay A. Legendre, Michael G. Roper, Sanford H. Feldman, Molly A. Hughes, Erik L. Hewlett, Tod J. Merkel, Jerome P. Ferrance, and James P. Landers Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19272–19277. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604663103.PMCID: PMC1748216 Biochemistry Epstein–Barr nuclear antigen leader protein coactivates transcription through interaction with histone deacetylase 4 D. Portal, A. Rosendorff, and E. Kieff Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19278–19283. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609320103.PMCID: PMC1748217 Structure of a bacterial pyridoxal 5′-phosphate synthase complex Marco Strohmeier, Thomas Raschle, Jacek Mazurkiewicz, Karsten Rippe, Irmgard Sinning, Teresa B. Fitzpatrick, and Ivo Tews Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19284–19289. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604950103.PMCID: PMC1748218 Polyoma and SV40 proteins differentially regulate PP2A to activate distinct cellular signaling pathways involved in growth control Pablo Rodriguez-Viciana, Crista Collins, and Mike Fried Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19290–19295. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609343103.PMCID: PMC1748219 Polycomb recruitment to DNA in vivo by the YY1 REPO domain Frank H. Wilkinson, Kyoungsook Park, and Michael L. Atchison Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19296–19301. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0603564103.PMCID: PMC1748220 Conservation of the metabolomic response to starvation across two divergent microbes Matthew J. Brauer, Jie Yuan, Bryson D. Bennett, Wenyun Lu, Elizabeth Kimball, David Botstein, and Joshua D. Rabinowitz Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19302–19307. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609508103.PMCID: PMC1697828 Purified vitamin K epoxide reductase alone is sufficient for conversion of vitamin K epoxide to vitamin K and vitamin K to vitamin KH2 Pei-Hsuan Chu, Teng-Yi Huang, Jason Williams, and D. W. Stafford Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19308–19313. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609401103.PMCID: PMC1698442 Biophysics Analysis of cartilage matrix fixed charge density and three-dimensional morphology via contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography Ashley W. Palmer, Robert E. Guldberg, and Marc E. Levenston Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19255–19260. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606406103.PMCID: PMC1748213 Adhesion and friction in gecko toe attachment and detachment Yu Tian, Noshir Pesika, Hongbo Zeng, Kenny Rosenberg, Boxin Zhao, Patricia McGuiggan, Kellar Autumn, and Jacob Israelachvili Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19320–19325. Published online 2006 December 5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608841103.PMCID: PMC1748224 Crystal structure of apo-calmodulin bound to the first two IQ motifs of myosin V reveals essential recognition features Anne Houdusse, Jean-François Gaucher, Elena Krementsova, Suet Mui, Kathleen M. Trybus, and Carolyn Cohen Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19326–19331. Published online 2006 December 6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609436103.PMCID: PMC1687203 Cell Biology Two synaptojanin 1 isoforms are recruited to clathrin-coated pits at different stages Rushika M. Perera, Roberto Zoncu, Louise Lucast, Pietro De Camilli, and Derek Toomre Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19332–19337. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609795104.PMCID: PMC1693868 Developmental Biology Estrogen receptor β expression in the embryonic brain regulates development of calretinin-immunoreactive GABAergic interneurons Xiaotang Fan, Margaret Warner, and Jan-Åke Gustafsson Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19338–19343. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609663103.PMCID: PMC1748227 Azoospermia in mice with targeted disruption of the Brek/Lmtk2 (brain-enriched kinase/lemur tyrosine kinase 2) gene Seiji Kawa, Chizuru Ito, Yoshiro Toyama, Mamiko Maekawa, Tohru Tezuka, Takahisa Nakamura, Takanobu Nakazawa, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Nobuaki Yoshida, Kiyotaka Toshimori, and Tadashi Yamamoto Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19344–19349. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0603603103.PMCID: PMC1748228 Evolutionary constraint on Otx2 neuroectoderm enhancers-deep conservation from skate to mouse and unique divergence in teleost Daisuke Kurokawa, Yusuke Sakurai, Ai Inoue, Rika Nakayama, Nobuyoshi Takasaki, Yoko Suda, Tsutomu Miyake, Chris T. Amemiya, and Shinichi Aizawa Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19350–19355. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604686103.PMCID: PMC1748229 Ecology Canopy leaf area constrains [CO2]-induced enhancement of productivity and partitioning among aboveground carbon pools Heather R. McCarthy, Ram Oren, Adrien C. Finzi, and Kurt H. Johnsen Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19356–19361. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609448103.PMCID: PMC1748230 Aboveground sink strength in forests controls the allocation of carbon below ground and its [CO2]-induced enhancement Sari Palmroth, Ram Oren, Heather R. McCarthy, Kurt H. Johnsen, Adrien C. Finzi, John R. Butnor, Michael G. Ryan, and William H. Schlesinger Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19362–19367. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609492103.PMCID: PMC1748231 From the Cover: Predicting the global spread of H5N1 avian influenza A. Marm Kilpatrick, Aleksei A. Chmura, David W. Gibbons, Robert C. Fleischer, Peter P. Marra, and Peter Daszak Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19368–19373. Published online 2006 December 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609227103.PMCID: PMC1748232 Global mammal distributions, biodiversity hotspots, and conservation Gerardo Ceballos and Paul R. Ehrlich Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19374–19379. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609334103.PMCID: PMC1698439 Environmental Sciences Forest fire increases mercury accumulation by fishes via food web restructuring and increased mercury inputs Erin N. Kelly, David W. Schindler, Vincent L. St. Louis, David B. Donald, and Katherine E. Vladicka Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19380–19385. Published online 2006 December 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609798104.PMCID: PMC1693476 Atmospheric nitrogen deposition promotes carbon loss from peat bogs Luca Bragazza, Chris Freeman, Timothy Jones, Håkan Rydin, Juul Limpens, Nathalie Fenner, Tim Ellis, Renato Gerdol, Michal Hájek, Tomáš Hájek, Paola Iacumin, Lado Kutnar, Teemu Tahvanainen, and Hannah Toberman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19386–19389. Published online 2006 December 6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606629104.PMCID: PMC1748235 Evolution Transgenic analysis of Dlx regulation in fish tooth development reveals evolutionary retention of enhancer function despite organ loss William R. Jackman and David W. Stock Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19390–19395. Published online 2006 December 4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609575103.PMCID: PMC1748236 Bursts of nonsynonymous substitutions in HIV-1 evolution reveal instances of positive selection at conservative protein sites Georgii A. Bazykin, Jonathan Dushoff, Simon A. Levin, and Alexey S. Kondrashov Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19396–19401. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609484103.PMCID: PMC1698441 Evolutionary theory for modifiers of epistasis using a general symmetric model Uri Liberman and Marcus W. Feldman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19402–19406. Published online 2006 December 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608569103.PMCID: PMC1748238 Gene cooption without duplication during the evolution of a male-pregnancy gene in pipefish April Harlin-Cognato, Eric A. Hoffman, and Adam G. Jones Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19407–19412. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0603000103.PMCID: PMC1748239 Flux control and excess capacity in the enzymes of glycolysis and their relationship to flight metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster Walter F. Eanes, Thomas J. S. Merritt, Jonathan M. Flowers, Seiji Kumagai, Efe Sezgin, and Chen-Tseh Zhu Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19413–19418. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607095104.PMCID: PMC1748240 Miocene mammal reveals a Mesozoic ghost lineage on insular New Zealand, southwest Pacific Trevor H. Worthy, Alan J. D. Tennyson, Michael Archer, Anne M. Musser, Suzanne J. Hand, Craig Jones, Barry J. Douglas, James A. McNamara, and Robin M. D. Beck Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19419–19423. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0605684103.PMCID: PMC1697831 Genetics Zfp423 controls proliferation and differentiation of neural precursors in cerebellar vermis formation Wendy A. Alcaraz, David A. Gold, Eric Raponi, Peter M. Gent, Dorothy Concepcion, and Bruce A. Hamilton Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19424–19429. Published online 2006 December 6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609184103.PMCID: PMC1748242 Multivariate regression analysis of distance matrices for testing associations between gene expression patterns and related variables Matthew A. Zapala and Nicholas J. Schork Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19430–19435. Published online 2006 December 4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609333103.PMCID: PMC1748243 Immunology Two overrepresented B cell populations in HIV-infected individuals undergo apoptosis by different mechanisms Jason Ho, Susan Moir, Angela Malaspina, Melissa L. Howell, Wei Wang, Angela C. DiPoto, Marie A. O'Shea, Gregg A. Roby, Richard Kwan, JoAnn M. Mican, Tae-Wook Chun, and Anthony S. Fauci Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19436–19441. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609515103.PMCID: PMC1748244 TNFα kinoid vaccination-induced neutralizing antibodies to TNFα protect mice from autologous TNFα-driven chronic and acute inflammation Hélène Le Buanec, Laure Delavallée, Natacha Bessis, Sébastien Paturance, Bernard Bizzini, Robert Gallo, Daniel Zagury, and Marie-Christophe Boissier Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19442–19447. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604827103.PMCID: PMC1748245 From the Cover: Delay of T cell senescence by caloric restriction in aged long-lived nonhuman primates Ilhem Messaoudi, Jessica Warner, Miranda Fischer, Buyng Park, Brenna Hill, Julie Mattison, Mark A. Lane, George S. Roth, Donald K. Ingram, Louis J. Picker, Daniel C. Douek, Motomi Mori, and Janko Nikolich-Žugich Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19448–19453. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606661103.PMCID: PMC1748246 CD27 mediates interleukin-2-independent clonal expansion of the CD8+ T cell without effector differentiation James M. Carr, Marlene J. Carrasco, James E. D. Thaventhiran, Paul J. Bambrough, Matthew Kraman, Alexander D. Edwards, Aymen Al-Shamkhani, and Douglas T. Fearon Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19454–19459. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609706104.PMCID: PMC1697827 Medical Sciences Discrete Radon transform has an exact, fast inverse and generalizes to operations other than sums along lines William H. Press Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19249–19254. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609228103.PMCID: PMC1697830 Environmental change and infectious disease: How new roads affect the transmission of diarrheal pathogens in rural Ecuador Joseph N. S. Eisenberg, William Cevallos, Karina Ponce, Karen Levy, Sarah J. Bates, James C. Scott, Alan Hubbard, Nadia Vieira, Pablo Endara, Mauricio Espinel, Gabriel Trueba, Lee W. Riley, and James Trostle Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19460–19465. Published online 2006 December 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609431104.PMCID: PMC1693477 Phosphorylation of the ATP-binding loop directs oncogenicity of drug-resistant BCR-ABL mutants Brian J. Skaggs, Mercedes E. Gorre, Ann Ryvkin, Michael R. Burgess, Yongming Xie, Yun Han, Evangelia Komisopoulou, Lauren M. Brown, Joseph A. Loo, Elliot M. Landaw, Charles L. Sawyers, and Thomas G. Graeber Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19466–19471. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609239103.PMCID: PMC1698443 A cancer-associated PCNA expressed in breast cancer has implications as a potential biomarker Linda H. Malkas, Brittney Shea Herbert, Waleed Abdel-Aziz, Lacey E. Dobrolecki, Yang Liu, Beamon Agarwal, Derek Hoelz, Sunil Badve, Lauren Schnaper, Randy J. Arnold, Yehia Mechref, Milos V. Novotny, Patrick Loehrer, Robert J. Goulet, and Robert J. Hickey Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19472–19477. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604614103.PMCID: PMC1697829 The small-molecule VEGF receptor inhibitor pazopanib (GW786034B) targets both tumor and endothelial cells in multiple myeloma Klaus Podar, Giovanni Tonon, Martin Sattler, Yu-Tzu Tai, Steven LeGouill, Hiroshi Yasui, Kenji Ishitsuka, Shaji Kumar, Rakesh Kumar, Lini N. Pandite, Teru Hideshima, Dharminder Chauhan, and Kenneth C. Anderson Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19478–19483. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609329103.PMCID: PMC1748251 Microbiology Antibiotics as intermicrobial signaling agents instead of weapons J. F. Linares, I. Gustafsson, F. Baquero, and J. L. Martinez Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19484–19489. Published online 2006 December 5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608949103.PMCID: PMC1682013 Identification of a large noncoding RNA in extremophilic eubacteria Elena Puerta-Fernandez, Jeffrey E. Barrick, Adam Roth, and Ronald R. Breaker Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19490–19495. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607493103.PMCID: PMC1748253 A route for fructose utilization by Escherichia coli involving the fucose regulon Hans Kornberg and Christopher Lourenco Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19496–19499. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609429103.PMCID: PMC1748254 Epstein–Barr virus nuclear protein EBNA3C is required for cell cycle progression and growth maintenance of lymphoblastoid cells Seiji Maruo, Yi Wu, Satoko Ishikawa, Teru Kanda, Dai Iwakiri, and Kenzo Takada Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19500–19505. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604919104.PMCID: PMC1748255 Existence of an operative pathway from the endoplasmic reticulum to the immature poxvirus membrane Matloob Husain, Andrea S. Weisberg, and Bernard Moss Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19506–19511. Published online 2006 December 4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609406103.PMCID: PMC1681353 Neuroscience Geniculocortical relay of blue-off signals in the primate visual system Brett A. Szmajda, Péter Buzás, Thomas FitzGibbon, and Paul R. Martin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19512–19517. Published online 2006 December 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606970103.PMCID: PMC1748257 From the Cover: Adaptive reconfiguration of fractal small-world human brain functional networks Danielle S. Bassett, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Sophie Achard, Thomas Duke, and Edward Bullmore Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19518–19523. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606005103.PMCID: PMC1838565 Presenilin mutations linked to familial Alzheimer's disease cause an imbalance in phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate metabolism Natalie Landman, Soon Youn Jeong, Sun Young Shin, Sergey V. Voronov, Geo Serban, Min Suk Kang, Myung Kyu Park, Gilbert Di Paolo, Sungkwon Chung, and Tae-Wan Kim Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19524–19529. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604954103.PMCID: PMC1748258 Direct evidence for a prefrontal contribution to the control of proactive interference in verbal working memory Eva Feredoes, Giulio Tononi, and Bradley R. Postle Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19530–19534. Published online 2006 December 6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604509103.PMCID: PMC1748259 Synapse-specific regulation of AMPA receptor function by PSD-95 Jean-Claude Béïque, Da-Ting Lin, Myoung-Goo Kang, Hiro Aizawa, Kogo Takamiya, and Richard L. Huganir Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19535–19540. Published online 2006 December 5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0608492103.PMCID: PMC1748260 Hypoglycemia leads to age-related loss of vision Y. Umino, D. Everhart, E. Solessio, K. Cusato, J. C. Pan, T. H. Nguyen, E. T. Brown, R. Hafler, B. A. Frio, B. E. Knox, G. A. Engbretson, M. Haeri, L. Cui, A. S. Glenn, M. J. Charron, and R. B. Barlow Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19541–19545. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604478104.PMCID: PMC1697832 From the Cover: Gene transfer demonstrates that muscle is not a primary target for non-cell-autonomous toxicity in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Timothy M. Miller, Soo H. Kim, Koji Yamanaka, Mark Hester, Priya Umapathi, Hannah Arnson, Liza Rizo, Jerry R. Mendell, Fred H. Gage, Don W. Cleveland, and Brian K. Kaspar Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19546–19551. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609411103.PMCID: PMC1748262 Selectivity for the configural cues that identify the gender, ethnicity, and identity of faces in human cortex Minna Ng, Vivian M. Ciaramitaro, Stuart Anstis, Geoffrey M. Boynton, and Ione Fine Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19552–19557. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0605358104.PMCID: PMC1748263 Opposite patterns of hemisphere dominance for early auditory processing of lexical tones and consonants Hao Luo, Jing-Tian Ni, Zhi-Hao Li, Xiao-Ou Li, Da-Ren Zhang, Fan-Gang Zeng, and Lin Chen Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19558–19563. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607065104.PMCID: PMC1748264 Pharmacology TRP channel activation by reversible covalent modification Andrew Hinman, Huai-hu Chuang, Diana M. Bautista, and David Julius Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19564–19568. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609598103.PMCID: PMC1748265 Physiology Inhibition of MAPK stimulates the Ca2+-dependent big-conductance K channels in cortical collecting duct Dimin Li, Zhijian Wang, Peng Sun, Yan Jin, Dao-Hong Lin, Steven C. Hebert, Gerhard Giebisch, and Wen-Hui Wang Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19569–19574. Published online 2006 December 6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609555104.PMCID: PMC1748266 Insulin protects islets from apoptosis via Pdx1 and specific changes in the human islet proteome James D. Johnson, Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi, Emilyn U. Alejandro, Zhiqiang Han, Tatyana B. Kalynyak, Hong Li, Jennifer L. Beith, Julia Gross, Garth L. Warnock, R. Reid Townsend, M. Alan Permutt, and Kenneth S. Polonsky Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19575–19580. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604208103.PMCID: PMC1748267 Plant Biology From the Cover: The wheat and barley vernalization gene VRN3 is an orthologue of FT L. Yan, D. Fu, C. Li, A. Blechl, G. Tranquilli, M. Bonafede, A. Sanchez, M. Valarik, S. Yasuda, and J. Dubcovsky Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19581–19586. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607142103.PMCID: PMC1748268 Mitochondrial uncoupling protein is required for efficient photosynthesis Lee J. Sweetlove, Anna Lytovchenko, Megan Morgan, Adriano Nunes-Nesi, Nicolas L. Taylor, Charles J. Baxter, Ira Eickmeier, and Alisdair R. Fernie Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19587–19592. Published online 2006 December 5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607751103.PMCID: PMC1748269 RNA silencing of host transcripts by cauliflower mosaic virus requires coordinated action of the four Arabidopsis Dicer-like proteins Guillaume Moissiard and Olivier Voinnet Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19593–19598. Published online 2006 December 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604627103.PMCID: PMC1698440 Sustainability Science Environmental change and infectious disease: How new roads affect the transmission of diarrheal pathogens in rural Ecuador Joseph N. S. Eisenberg, William Cevallos, Karina Ponce, Karen Levy, Sarah J. Bates, James C. Scott, Alan Hubbard, Nadia Vieira, Pablo Endara, Mauricio Espinel, Gabriel Trueba, Lee W. Riley, and James Trostle Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19460–19465. Published online 2006 December 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609431104.PMCID: PMC1693477 Social Sciences Economic Sciences A physical analogue of the Schelling model Dejan Vinković and Alan Kirman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19261–19265. Published online 2006 December 6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609371103.PMCID: PMC1748214 Psychology Direct evidence for a prefrontal contribution to the control of proactive interference in verbal working memory Eva Feredoes, Giulio Tononi, and Bradley R. Postle Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19530–19534. Published online 2006 December 6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604509103.PMCID: PMC1748259 Sometimes area counts more than number Felicia Hurewitz, Rochel Gelman, and Brian Schnitzer Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19599–19604. Published online 2006 December 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609485103.PMCID: PMC1748271 Sustainability Science INAUGURAL ARTICLE by a Recently Elected Academy Member: Insights on linking forests, trees, and people from the air, on the ground, and in the laboratory Elinor Ostrom and Harini Nagendra Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19224–19231. Published online 2006 November 6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607962103.PMCID: PMC1838564 Corrections Correction for Earn et al., Global asymptotic coherence in discrete dynamical systems Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19605. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609526103.PMCID: PMC1748272 Corrects: David J. D. Earn, et al. Global asymptotic coherence in discrete dynamical systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 March 14; 103(11): 3968–3971. Correction for Huang et al., Dewetting-induced collapse of hydrophobic particles Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19605. 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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 October 31; 103(44): 16165–16169. Correction for Bielas et al., Human cancers express a mutator phenotype Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19605. Published online 2006 December 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610370103.PMCID: PMC1748276 Corrects: Jason H. Bielas, et al. From the Cover: Human cancers express a mutator phenotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 November 28; 103(48): 18238–18242. Retraction Retraction for Nouspikel et al., A common mutational pattern in Cockayne syndrome patients from xeroderma pigmentosum group G: Implications for a second XPG function Solomon H. Snyder Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 December 19; 103(51): 19606. Published online 2006 December 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0609759103.PMCID: PMC1748277 Corrects: Thierry Nouspikel, et al. A common mutational pattern in Cockayne syndrome patients from xeroderma pigmentosum group G: Implications for a secondXPGfunction. 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