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Abstract

Title: A candidate gene approach to searching for low-penetrance breast and prostate cancer genes.
Author: Hunter DJ, Riboli E, Haiman CA, Albanes D, Altshuler D, Chanock SJ, Haynes RB, Henderson BE, Kaaks R, Stram DO, Thomas G, Thun MJ, Blanche H, Buring JE, Burtt NP, Calle EE, Cann H, Canzian F, Chen YC, Colditz GA, Cox DG, Dunning AM, Feigelson HS, Freedman ML, Gaziano JM, Giovannucci E, Hankinson SE, Hirschhorn JN, Hoover RN, Key T, Kolonel LN, Kraft P, Le Marchand L, Liu S, Ma J, Melnick S, Pharaoh P, Pike MC, Rodriguez C, Setiawan VW, Stampfer MJ, Trapido E, Travis R, Virtamo J, Wacholder S, Willett WC
Journal: Nat Rev Cancer 5(12):977-985
Year: 2005
Month: December

Abstract: Most cases of breast and prostate cancer are not associated with mutations in known high-penetrance genes, indicating the involvement of multiple low-penetrance risk alleles. Studies that have attempted to identify these genes have met with limited success. The National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium--a pooled analysis of multiple large cohort studies with a total of more than 5,000 cases of breast cancer and 8,000 cases of prostate cancer--was therefore initiated. The goal of this consortium is to characterize variations in approximately 50 genes that mediate two pathways that are associated with these cancers--the steroid-hormone metabolism pathway and the insulin-like growth factor signalling pathway--and to associate these variations with cancer risk.