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| Topic: |
hematologic diseases (he) |
| Title: |
Modifying the Epigenome as a Therapeutic Strategy in Myelodysplasia. |
| Author: |
Garcia-Manero, G. |
| Source: |
IN: Hematology 2007.Washington, DC: American Society of Hematology. 2007. pp 405-411. |
| Availability: |
Available from American Society of Hematology. 1900 M Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036. Email: ASH@hematology.org. Website: www.asheducationbook.org. Price: Available free of charge on website. |
| Abstract: |
This chapter, from the Hematology 2007 monograph, describes strategies to modify the epigenome as a treatment approach in myelodysplasia. The author defines epigenetics as a number of biochemical modifications of chromatin that, without altering the primary sequence of DNA, have a role in genomic regulation and in particular gene expression control. Clinical interest in these epigenetic alterations stems mainly from two observations. First, detection of specific epigenetic alterations could be used to develop cancer biomarkers (e.g., for the early detection or prognostication of cancer). Second, most epigenetic alterations are reversible both in vitro and in vivo, leading the way to the development of new anti-cancer therapies. The author provides a review of the current clinical information regarding different forms of epigenetic therapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Two DNA hypomethylating agents are currently approved for patients with MDS: 5-azacitidine and 5-aza-2-dioxycitidine. 5-azacitidine has been associated with an increased response rate and time to AML transformation, as well as a trend toward improved overall survival and improved quality of life, compared with supportive care. Basic aspects of DNA methylation or histone code alterations are not covered in detail in this review. The author concludes by calling for additional research in three areas: the discovery of predictive biomarkers of response; the development of newer DNA hypomethylating agents; and the development of new alternative forms of epigenetic modifiers. 1 figure. 2 tables. 43 references. |
| Format: |
Monograph/Book |
| Language: |
English. |
| Major Keywords: |
Hematologic Diseases. Drug Effects. Leukemia. Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Gene Therapy. Drug Therapy. |
| Minor Keywords: |
Genetics. Monitoring. Administration and Dosage. Cancer Therapy. Morbidity. Cytology. Clinical Trials. |
| Publication Number: |
HEBK10253 |
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