Sources of Radiological/Nuclear Information
Radiation Event Medical Management
Printed Publications About Radiation Events
Isotopes and Countermeasures
Nuclear Weapons, Improvised Nuclear Devices, and Radiological Dispersal Devices
Pregnancy, Infants and Children
Hematologic Suppport
Late Effects of Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Radiation Skin Effects
Civilian Government Agencies
Military Government Resources
International Agencies with Radiological Expertise
Professional Group Publications
Public Health Issues
National, State, and Hospital Planning
Radiation Safety
Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS) Information
Federal Protective Action Guides (PAGS) for Radiation Events: Key Federal Documents
History of Radiation Events
Radiation Event Medical Management
General information
Medical Effects of Ionizing Radiation, Fred A. Mettler, Arthur C. Upton, 3rd Edition, Saunders/Elsevier, Philadelphia, PA, 2008
Mettler FA Jr, Voelz GL. Major radiation exposure--what to expect and how to respond . N Engl J Med. 2002 May 16;346(20):1554-61 [PubMed Citation]
Mettler FA. Medical resources and requirements for responding to radiological terrorism . Health Physics 2005; 89(5):488-493 [PubMed Citation]
Koenig KL, Goans RE, Hatchett RJ, Mettler FA Jr, Schumacher TA, Noji EK, Jarrett DG. Medical treatment of radiological casualties: current concepts . Ann Emerg Med. 2005 Jun;45(6):643-52 [PubMed Citation]
De Lorenzo RA. When it's hot, it's hot . Ann Emerg Med. 2005 Jun;45(6):653-4 [PubMed Citation]
Musolino SV, Harper FT. Emergency response guidance for the first 48 hours after the outdoor detonation of an explosive radiological dispersal device . Health Phys. 2006 Apr;90(4):377-85 [PubMed Citation]
Meineke V, van Beuningen D, Sohns T, Fliedner TM. Medical management principles for radiation accidents . Mil Med. 2003 Mar;168(3):219-22 [PubMed Citation]
Goans RE, Waselenko JK. Medical management of radiological casualties . Health Phys. 2005 Nov;89(5):505-12 [PubMed Citation]
Flynn DF, Goans RE. Nuclear terrorism: triage and medical management of radiation and combined-injury casualties . Surg Clin North Am. 2006 Jun; 86(3):601-36 [PubMed Citation]
Berger ME, Christensen DM, Lowry PC, Jones OW, Wiley AL. Medical management of radiation injuries: current approaches . Occup Med (Lond). 2006 May;56(3):162-72 [PubMed Citation]
Bushberg JT, Kroger LA, Hartman MB, Leidholdt EM Jr, Miller KL, Derlet R, Wraa C. Nuclear/radiological terrorism: Emergency department management of radiation casualties. J Emerg Med. 2007 Jan;32(1):71-85. [PubMed Citation]
Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS)
Waselenko JK, et al. Medical management of the acute radiation syndrome: recommendations of the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group . Ann Intern Med. 2004 Jun 15;140(12):1037-51 [PubMed Citation]
Jackson WL Jr, Gallagher C, Myhand RC, Waselenko JK. Medical management of patients with multiple organ dysfunction arising from acute radiation syndrome . BJR Suppl. 2005;27:161-8 [PubMed Citation]
Dainiak N, Waselenko JK, Armitage JO, MacVittie TJ, Farese AM. The hematologist and radiation casualties . Hematology, (Am Soc Hematol Educ Program). 2003;:473-96 [PubMed Citation]
Dainiak N. Hematologic consequences of exposure to ionizing radiation . Exp Hematol. 2002 Jun;30(6):513-28 [PubMed Citation]
Fliedner TM. Nuclear terrorism: the role of hematology in coping with its health consequences . Curr Opin Hematol. 2006 Nov;13(6):436-44. [PubMed Citation]
Gorin NC, Fliedner TM, Gourmelon P, Ganser A, Meineke V, Sirohi B, Powles R, Apperley J. Consensus conference on European preparedness for haematological and other medical management of mass radiation accidents . Ann Hematol. 2006 Oct;85(10):671-9. [PubMed Citation]
Radiation Injury Treatment Network
Weisdorf D, Apperley J, Courmelon P, Gorin NC, Wingard J, Chao N. Radiation Emergencies: Evaluation, Management, and Transplantation . Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2007;13:103-6. (PDF - 82 KB)
Manthous CA, Jackson WL Jr. The 9-11 Commission's invitation to imagine: a pathophysiology-based approach to critical care of nuclear explosion victims . Crit Care Med. 2007 Mar;35(3):716-23. [PubMed Citation]
top of page
Printed Publications About Radiation Events
Books about radiation medical response
Medical Effects of Ionizing Radiation, Fred A. Mettler, Arthur C. Upton, 3rd Edition, Saunders/Elsevier, Philadelphia, PA, 2008
Medical Management of Radiation Accidents, Fred A. Mettler, Angelina K. Guskova, Igor A. Gusev (Eds), 2nd Edition, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 2001
Radiobiology for the Radiologist, 6th Edition, Eric J. Hall, Amato J. Giaccia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 2006
The Medical Basis for Radiation-accident Preparedness, the Clinical Care of Victims, Proceedings of the Fourth International Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS) Conference, March 2001, Parthenon Publishing Group, New York, NY, 2002
Handbooks about radiation medical response
Pamphlets & pocket guides about radiation
medical response
top of page
Isotopes and Countermeasures
Isotopes of interest: fact sheets
Isotope
Government agencies
Americium-241
Californium-252
Cesium- 134/137
Cobalt-57/60
Curium-244
Iodine-124/125/129/131
Iridium-192
Phosphorus-32
Plutonium-238/239/240/241/242
Polonium-210
Radium-226
Strontium-89/90
Uranium-235/238
Yttrium-86/90† /91
* HHS/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
** HHS/Agency for Toxic Substances and
Disease Registry
***Environmental Protection Agency
† For
Yttrium-90 radioactive properties and health concerns information
see Strontium-90 Human Health Fact Sheet
Medical countermeasures in radiation events
General countermeasures
Potassium iodide
HHS/FDA
HHS/CDC
Other
Is potassium iodide a magic bullet for radiation exposure? (PDF - 89 KB) (Health Physics Society)
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Environmental Health. Radiation disasters and children . Pediatrics. 2003 Jun;111(6 Pt 1):1455-66. [PubMed Citation]
Carol S. Marcus, Administration
of decorporation drugs to treat internal radionuclide
contamination - medical emergency response to radiological
incidents (PDF - 205 KB), RSO Magazine 9(5), 2004
Marcus CS, Siegel JA, Sparks RB. Medical Management of Radiocontaminated Patients (PDF 1.36 MB) (Los Angeles County Department of Health Services, Emergency Medical Services Agency, June 2006)
"Radiation Bioterrorism", Tochner ZA, Lehavi
O, Glatstein E, Chapter 207 in Harrison's Principles of
Internal Medicine, eds. DL Kasper, E Braunwald, AS Fauci
, SL Hauser, DL Longo, JL Jameson, 16th Edition, pp 1294-1300,
McGraw Hill, 2005
Radiological
and nuclear incidents U.S. Department of State,
April 18, 2006.
Federal
policy on use of potassium iodide (KI) (PDF - 43 KB) (DHS/FEMA
document, published in Federal Register 7 January, 2002)
Potassium
iodide use (AFRRI)
Consideration
of potassium iodide in emergency planning (NRC)
Use
of potassium iodide during radiological emergencies:
information for the public (Dept. of Health, N.Y.
State)
Radiation exposure from Iodine 131 (PDF - 702 KB) (HHS/ATSDR)
Prussian
Blue
DTPA
Hematopoietic countermeasures
Hematopoietic
stem cell transplantation
Use
of hematologic growth factors
Management
of febrile neutropenia
Hughes WT, Armstrong D, Bodey GP, Bow EJ, Brown AE, Calandra T, Feld R, Pizzo PA, Rolston KV, Shenep JL, Young LS. 2002 guidelines for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer . Clin Infect Dis., 2002 Mar 15;34(6):730-51. Epub 2002 Feb 13 [PubMed Citation]
Brook I, Elliott TB, Shoemaker MO, Ledney GD, Antimicrobials
in the mangement of post-irradiation infection (PDF - 61 KB) (NATO RTG-099,
2005)
Facts
about neupogen (HHS/CDC)
Kuderer NM, Dale DC, Crawford J, Lyman GH. Impact of primary prophylaxis with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on febrile neutropenia and mortality in adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a systematic review . J Clin Oncol. 2007 Jul 20;25(21):3158-67. [PubMed Citation]
Platelet
transfusion
Schiffer CA, Anderson KC, Bennett CL, Bernstein S, Elting LS, Goldsmith M, Goldstein M, Hume H, McCullough JJ, McIntyre RE, Powell BL, Rainey JM, Rowley SD, Rebulla P, Troner MB, Wagnon AH; American Society of Clinical Oncology. Platelet transfusion for patients with cancer: clinical practice guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology . J Clin Oncol., 2001 Mar 1;19(5):1519-38 [PubMed Citation]
Granulocyte
transfusion guidelines
Hazardous Substances Data Bank (National Library of Medicine) :
* Hazardous Substances Data Bank : Comprehensive peer-reviewed information from the National Library of Medicine's TOXNET system
Radiation countermeasures research
top of page
Nuclear Weapons, Improvised Nuclear Devices, and Radiological Dispersal Devices Nuclear explosions
Health
protection guidance in the event of a nuclear weapons explosion (PDF - 29 KB) (WHO,
February 2003)
Protective
action guides for radiological dispersal device (RDD) and improvised
nuclear device (IND) incidents (PDF - 481 KB) (DHS/FEMA document, published
in Federal Register 3 January, 2006, Z-RIN 1660-ZA02)
"Radiation Bioterrorism" , Tochner ZA, Lehavi O,
Glatstein E, Chapter 207 in Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine,
eds. DL Kasper, E Braunwald, AS Fauci , SL Hauser, DL Longo, JL Jameson,
16th Edition, pp 1294-1300, McGraw Hill, 2005
General
medical effects of nuclear weapons: diagnosis, treatment, and
prognosis, chapter 6, NATO handbook on the medical aspects of
NBC defensive operations AMedP-6(B)
Nuclear
weapon accident response procedures (DOD, February 22, 2005) (PDF - 9,683 KB)
Recommendations
for managing a nuclear weapons accident
(Radiation Emergency Training Center/ Training Site [REAC/TS])
Feasibility studies of the health consequences to the American population of nuclear weapons tests conducted by the United States and other nations (HHS/NCI/CDC, August 2001) (PDF - 33,016 KB)
The
Medical NBC Battlebook - US Army CHPPM Technical Guide 244, August 2002 (PDF - 9,562 KB)
Sheltering in place during a radiation emergency (HHS/CDC, May 2006)
Radiological Dispersal Devices
Frequently
asked questions about dirty bombs (HHS/CDC)
Working
Group on Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD) Preparedness, Medical
Preparedness and Response Sub-Group (PDF - 397 KB) (DHS, DVA, DHHS, 12/09/2003)
Backgrounder on dirty bombs (NRC)
Radiological
dispersal device (RDD) (PDF - 380 KB) (Argonne National Laboratory, Human
Health fact Sheet, August 2005)
Carol S. Marcus, Administration
of decorporation drugs to treat internal radionuclide
contamination - medical emergency response to radiological
incidents (PDF - 205 KB), RSO Magazine 9(5), 2004
Marcus CS, Siegel JA, Sparks RB. Medical management of radiocontaminated patients (PDF 1.36 MB) (Los Angeles County Department of Health Services, Emergency Medical Services Agency, June 2006)
Harper FT, Musolino SV, Wente WB. Realistic radiological dispersal device hazard boundaries and ramifications for early consequence management decisions . Health Phys. 2007 Jul;93(1):1-16. [PubMed Citation]
Smith JM, Ansari A, Harper FT. Hospital management of mass radiological casualties: reassessing exposures from contaminated victims of an exploded radiological dispersal device . Health Phys. 2005 Nov;89(5):513-20. [PubMed Citation]
Musolino SV, Harper FT. Emergency Response Guidance for the First 48 Hours after the Outdoor Detonation of an Explosive Radiological Device . Health Physics 2006 Apr;90(4):377-85. [PubMed Citation]
See Radiological Dispersal Devices for more references.
top of page
Pregnancy, Infants and Children
Pregnancy and fetal issues in radiation events
Possible health effects of radiation exposure on unborn babies (HHS/CDC)
Prenatal radiation exposure: a fact sheet for physicians (HHS/CDC)
Guidance on the application of dose coefficients for the embryo, fetus and breastfed infant in dose assessments for members of the public (RCE-5) (Health Protection Agency, 2008)
Kal HB, Struikmans H. Radiotherapy during pregnancy: fact and fiction . Lancet Oncol. 2005 May;6(5):328-33 [PubMed Citation]
Prasad KN, Cole WC, Hasse GM. Health risks of low dose ionizing radiation in humans: a review . Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2004 May;229(5):378-82 [PubMed Citation]
Biological effects after prenatal irradiation (embryo and fetus) (International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 90, 2004)
Doses to the embryo and fetus from intakes of radionuclides by the mother (International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 88, 2002)
Pregnancy and medical radiation (International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 84, 2001)
Brent RL. Utilization of developmental basic science principles in the evaluation of reproductive risks from pre- and postconception environmental radiation exposures . Teratology. 1999 Apr;59(4):182-204 [PubMed Citation]
Pregnancy and radiation (PDF - 222 KB) (Health Physics Society)
Pregnancy and radiation (PowerPoint® - 189 KB) (Health Physics Society)
Radiation exposure and pregnancy (PDF - 96 KB) (Health Physics Society)
Infants' and children's issues in radiation events
Policy issues
Resources
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine; American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Medical Liability; Task Force on Terrorism. The pediatrician and disaster preparedness . Pediatrics. 2006 Feb;117(2):560-5. [PubMed Citation]
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on environmental health. Radiation disasters and children . Pediatrics. 2003 Jun;111(6 Pt 1):1455-66 [PubMed Citation]
American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine and American College of Emergency Physicians, and Pediatric Committee. Care of Children in the Emergency Department: Guidelines for preparedness . Pediatrics. 2001 Apr;107(4):777-81 [PubMed Citation]
Strategies and tools for meeting the needs of children: public health emergencies (HHS/AHRQ, a free Web conference, 4 Web lectures, broadcast January 11, 2006)
Helping children cope with terrorism and war resources (National Child Care Information Center, September 2008)
Acute
mental health response to children affected by terrorism (PDF - 795 KB) (HHS/CDC)
Responding to Terrorism and War: Information for Parents (PDF - 93.6 KB) (National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Center)
Pediatric disaster and terrorism preparedness, by David Markenson, M.D., Columbia University, July 13, 2004 (PowerPoint® - 1135 KB ) (Text version ))
ICRP Publication 95: Doses to infants from ingestion of radionuclides in mother's milk, 95 (International Commission of Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 95, 2004)
Guidance on the application of dose coefficients for the embryo
, fetus and breastfed infant in dose assessments for members of the public (RCE-5) (Health Protection Agency, 2008)
See Specific Populations — Infants and Young Children for more references.
Techniques for pediatric
incident mass casualty triage
top of page
Hematologic Support
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Use of hematologic growth factors
Management of febrile neutropenia
Hughes WT, Armstrong D, Bodey GP, Bow EJ, Brown AE, Calandra T, Feld R, Pizzo PA, Rolston KV, Shenep JL, Young LS. 2002 guidelines for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer . Clin Infect Dis., 2002 Mar 15;34(6):730-51. Epub 2002 Feb 13 [PubMed Citation]
Brook I, Elliott TB, Shoemaker MO, Ledney GD, Antimicrobials
in the mangement of post-irradiation infection (PDF - 61 KB), (NATO RTG-099,
2005)
Facts
about neupogen (HHS/CDC)
Kuderer NM, Dale DC, Crawford J, Lyman GH. Impact of primary prophylaxis with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on febrile neutropenia and mortality in adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a systematic review . J Clin Oncol. 2007 Jul 20;25(21):3158-67. [PubMed Citation]
Platelet transfusion
Schiffer CA, Anderson KC, Bennett CL, Bernstein S, Elting LS, Goldsmith M, Goldstein M, Hume H, McCullough JJ, McIntyre RE, Powell BL, Rainey JM, Rowley SD, Rebulla P, Troner MB, Wagnon AH; American Society of Clinical Oncology. Platelet transfusion for patients with cancer: clinical practice guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology . J Clin Oncol., 2001 Mar 1;19(5):1519-38 [PubMed Citation]
Late Effects of Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Late medical effects after radiation contamination
or exposure
top of page
Radiation Skin Effects
Radiation skin effects
top of page
Civilian Government Agencies
U.S. civilian agencies with information / web sites
about radiation issues
top of page
Military Government Resources
Military publications / military web sites
Armed Forces Radiobiology
Research Institute (AFRRI)
Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
NATO
handbook on the medical aspects of NBC defensive operations (AMedP-6(B), Part 1 - Nuclear, DOD)
Nuclear
weapon accident response procedures (PDF - 9,683 KB) (DOD)
Basic
radiological dose estimation - A field guide (PDF - 1,843 KB) (DOD, USACHPPM
TG-236A, 2001)
Radiological
sources of potential exposure and/or contamination (PDF - 6,745 KB) (DOD,
USACHPPM TG-238, 1999)
The
Medical NBC Battlebook - US Army ChPPM Technical
Guide 244, August 2002 (PDF - 9,562 KB)
top of page
International Agencies with Radiological Expertise
International agencies with radiation expertise
top of page
Professional Group Publications
Other professional society publications and web sites with information
about radiation medical response
Disaster
preparedness for radiology professionals: Response to terrorism (PDF - 357 KB),
(American College of Radiology, 2005, Government Version 3.0)
Waeckerle JF, Seamans S, Whiteside M, Pons PT, White S, Burstein JL, Murray R; Task Force of Health Care and Emergency Services Professionals on Preparedness for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Incidents. Executive summary: Developing objectives, content, and competencies for the training of emergency medical technicians, emergency physicians, and emergency nurses to care for casualties resulting from nuclear, biological, or chemical (NBC) incidents . Ann Emerg Med. 2001 Jun;37(6):587-601 [PubMed Citation]
Health Physics Society:
Homeland Security Committee
Radiation Effects
Research Foundation (RERF)
Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors
National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP)
reports
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) resources
Portable First Responder Assistant - A Tool for First Responders to a Radiological Emergency (IAEA, 2008)
How to Recognize and Initially Respond to an Accidental Radiation Injury (poster, PDF - 436 KB) (pamphlet , PDF - 322 KB) (IAEA, WHO)
Arrangements for Preparedness for a Nuclear of Radiological Emergency (PDF - 1,472 KB) (FAO, IAEA, ILO, PAHO, OCHA, WHO, 2007)
Combating Illicit Trafficking in Nulcear and Other Radioactive Material (PDF - 2.41 MB) (IAEA Nuclear Security Series No. 6, IAEA, Europol, Interpol, WCO, 2007)
Joint Radiation Emergency Management Plan (PDF - 3.20 MB) (EC, Europol, FAO, IAEA, Interpol, IMO, OECD/NEA, PAHO, UNEP, UN/OCHA, UN/OOSA, WHO, WMO, ICAO, UNSCEAR, 2007)
IAEA Safety Glossary - Terminology Used in Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection (PDF - 2.18 MB) (IAEA, 2007)
Manual for First Responders to a Radiological Emergency (PDF - 2.2 MB) (CTIF, IAEA, PAHO, WHO, October 2006)
Generic Procedures for Medical Response During a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency (PDF - 2,224 KB) (IAEA, WHO, July 2005)
Preparation, Conduct and Evaluation of Exercises to Test Preparedness for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency (PDF - 1,376 KB) (IAEA, April 2005)
Practical Radiation Technical Manual, Individual Monitoring (PDF - 397 KB) (IAEA, 2004)
Practical Radiation Technical Manual, Personal Protective Equipment (PDF - 439 KB) (IAEA, 2004)
Practical Radiation Technical Manual, Workplace Monitoring for Radiation & Contamination (PDF - 444 KB) (IAEA, 2004)
Practical Radiation Technical Manual, Health Effects & Medical Surveillance (PDF - 424 KB) (IAEA, 2004)
Follow-up of delayed health consequences of acute accidental radiation exposure: Lessons to be learned from their medical management (IAEA-TECDOC-1300, Sponsored by IAEA and WHO, July 2002) (PDF - 1.46 MB)
Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency (PDF - 314 KB) (IAEA Safety Standards Series No. GS-R-2, FAO, IAEA, ILO, OECD/NEA, PAHO, OCHA, WHO, 2002) See also Guidance for First Responders to Emergencies , (IAEA)
Medical Preparedness and Response (Educational Material) (PDF - 2,290 KB) (IAEA, WHO, 2002)
Bauchinger M, Blakely WF, Darroudi F, Edwards A, Fenech M, Hayata I, Koteles GJ, Lindholm C, Lloyd D, Lucas J, Prasanna PGS, Roy L, Sorokine-Durm I, Turai I, Voisin P: Cytogenetic Analysis for Radiation Dose Assessment: A Manual. (PDF - 859 KB) IAEA Technical Report Series No. 405, pp.127, Vienna, 2001
Assessment of Occupational Exposure due to External Sources of Radiation Safety Guide (PDF - 307 KB) (IAEA Safety Standards Series No. RS-G-1.3, 1999)
Assessment of Occupational Exposure due to Intakes of Radionuclides Safety Guide (PDF - 316 KB) (IAEA Safety Reports Series No. RS-G-1.2, 1999)
Diagnosis and Treatment of Radiation Injuries (PDF - 202 KB) (IAEA Safety Reports Series No. 2, Vienna 1998)
Generic Assessment Procedures for Determining Protective Actions During a Reactor Accident (PDF - 2,595 KB) (IAEA-TECDOC-955, August 1997)
The Radiological Accident in Goiania (PDF - 6,550 KB) (IAEA, 1988)
World Health Organization (WHO) resources
International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) resources
Protecting people against radiation exposure in the event of a radiological attack (International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 96, 2005)
Doses to infants from ingestion of radionuclides in mother's milk (International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 95, 2004)
Biological effects after prenatal irradiation (embryo and fetus) (International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 90, 2004)
Doses to the embryo and fetus from intakes of radionuclides by the mother (International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 88, 2002)
Pregnancy and medical radiation (International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 84, 2001); see Free overview (PowerPoint® - 1.58 MB)
Protection of the public in situations of prolonged radiation exposure (PDF - 285 KB) (International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 82, 2000)
General principles for the radiation protection of workers (International Commission on Rdiological Protection, ICRP Publication 75, 1998)
Health Physics Society (HPS) resources
top of page
Public Health Issues
Role of public health after radiation events
top of page
National, State, and Hospital Planning
National Response Framework
National Planning Scenarios
National Planning Scenarios — created for use in national, federal, state, and local homeland security preparedness activities (PDF - 3.04 MB) (DHS, Version 20.1 Draft, April, 2005)
See Scenario 1: Nuclear Detonation — 10-Kiloton Improvised Nuclear Device
See Scenario 11: Radiological Attack — Radiological Dispersal Devices
National Incident Management System (NIMS)
Incident Command System (ICS)
Hospital Incident Command System
Hospital Incident Command System
What is the Hospital Incident Command System (HICS)?
Frequently asked questions about HICS
Is HICS appropriate for both small and large hospitals?
How has HICS evolved from the 3 earlier versions of HEICS?
What are the primary differences between HEICS III, HEICS IV, and HICS?
Additional references
State and hospital planning for radiation disasters
top of page
Radiation Safety
Physics and radiation safety
Emergency
department management of radiation casualties (PowerPoint®
- 1,006 KB) (Health Physics Society)
Bushberg JT, Kroger LA, Hartman MB, Leidholdt EM Jr, Miller KL, Derlet R, Wraa C. Nuclear/radiological terrorism: Emergency department management of radiation casualties. J Emerg Med. 2007 Jan;32(1):71-85. [PubMed Citation]
Factors that decrease exposure dose:
Distance, time, shielding
(Illustration)
DOE, Office of Worker Safety and Health - Radiation protection policy (DOE)
Ionizing radiation - standards (OSHA)
General principles for the radiation protection of workers (International Commission on Rdiological Protection, ICRP Publication 75, 1998)
Assessment
of occupational exposure due to intakes of radionuclides safety
guide (PDF - 316 KB) (IAEA Safety Reports Series No. RS-G-1.2, 1999)
Assessment
of occupational exposure due to external sources of radiation
safety guide (PDF - 307 KB) (IAEA Safety Standards Series No. RS-G-1.3,
1999)
Shielding for various kinds of radiation (Illustration)
Safety around
radiation sources (REAC/TS)
PowerPoint® files can be viewed with Microsoft® PowerPoint® or with a free PowerPoint® Viewer .
Physics and radiation safety software tools
top of page
Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS)
Information
top of page
Federal Protective Action Guides (PAGS) for Radiation Events: Key Federal Documents
top of page
History of Radiation Events
Publications
on Accident Response in Radiation Incidents (IAEA)
Medical Management of Radiation Accidents, Fred A. Mettler,
Angelina K. Guskova, Igor A. Gusev (Eds), 2nd Edition, ISBN:
0849370043 (April 2001), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque,
New Mexico
Chernobyl 20 Years Later: An IAEA In Focus Series (IAEA)
The
Radiological Accident in Goiania (PDF - 6,550 KB) (IAEA, 1988)
top of page