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Pathway information provided by BioCarta (See Terms and Conditions of use) For information on sources of Pathway diagrams, see Biocarta Pathways HowTo A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  K  L  M  N  O  P  R  S  T  U  V  W  Y  ?        A Acetylation and Deacetylation of RelA in The Nucleus Actions of Nitric Oxide in the Heart Activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, PKA Activation of Csk by cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibits Signaling through the T Cell Receptor Activation of PKC through G protein coupled receptor Activation of Src by Protein-tyrosine phosphatase alpha Acute Myocardial Infarction Adhesion and Diapedesis of Granulocytes Adhesion and Diapedesis of Lymphocytes Adhesion Molecules on Lymphocyte ADP-Ribosylation Factor Agrin in Postsynaptic Differentiation Ahr Signal Transduction Pathway AKAP95 role in mitosis and chromosome dynamics AKT Signaling Pathway ALK in cardiac myocytes Alpha-synuclein and Parkin-mediated proteolysis in Parkinson's disease Alternative Complement Pathway Angiotensin II mediated activation of JNK Pathway via Pyk2 dependent signaling Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 regulates heart function Anthrax Toxin Mechanism of Action Antigen Dependent B Cell Activation Antigen Processing and Presentation Apoptotic DNA fragmentation and tissue homeostasis Apoptotic Signaling in Response to DNA Damage Aspirin Blocks Signaling Pathway Involved in Platelet Activation ATM Signaling Pathway Attenuation of GPCR Signaling      B B Cell Receptor Complex B Cell Survival Pathway B Lymphocyte Cell Surface Molecules Basic mechanism of action of PPARa, PPARb(d) and PPARg and effects on gene expression Basic Mechanisms of SUMOylation BCR Signaling Pathway Bioactive Peptide Induced Signaling Pathway Blockade of Neurotransmitter Relase by Botulinum Toxin Bone Remodelling BRCA1-dependent Ub-ligase activity BTG family proteins and cell cycle regulation Bystander B Cell Activation      C Ca++/ Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase Activation Cadmium induces DNA synthesis and proliferation in macrophages Calcium Signaling by HBx of Hepatitis B virus Cardiac Protection Against ROS CARM1 and Regulation of the Estrogen Receptor Caspase Cascade in Apoptosis Catabolic Pathways for Arginine , Histidine, Glutamate, Glutamine, and Proline Catabolic Pathways for Methionine, Isoleucine, Threonine and Valine CBL mediated ligand-induced downregulation of EGF receptors CCR3 signaling in Eosinophils CD40L Signaling Pathway cdc25 and chk1 Regulatory Pathway in response to DNA damage CDK Regulation of DNA Replication Cell Cycle: G1/S Check Point Cell Cycle: G2/M Checkpoint Cell to Cell Adhesion Signaling Cells and Molecules involved in local acute inflammatory response Ceramide Signaling Pathway Chaperones modulate interferon Signaling Pathway ChREBP regulation by carbohydrates and cAMP Chromatin Remodeling by hSWI/SNF ATP-dependent Complexes Circadian Rhythms Classical Complement Pathway Complement Pathway Control of Gene Expression by Vitamin D Receptor Control of skeletal myogenesis by HDAC & calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) Corticosteroids and cardioprotection CTCF: First Multivalent Nuclear Factor CTL mediated immune response against target cells CXCR4 Signaling Pathway Cyclin E Destruction Pathway Cycling of Ran in nucleocytoplasmic transport Cyclins and Cell Cycle Regulation Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and beta 2 adrenergic receptor (b2AR) pathway Cytokine Network Cytokines and Inflammatory Response      D D4-GDI Signaling Pathway Degradation of the RAR and RXR by the proteasome Dendritic cells in regulating TH1 and TH2 Development Deregulation of CDK5 in Alzheimers Disease Dicer Pathway Double Stranded RNA Induced Gene Expression Downregulated of MTA-3 in ER-negative Breast Tumors      E E2F1 Destruction Pathway Effects of calcineurin in Keratinocyte Differentiation EGF Signaling Pathway Eicosanoid Metabolism Electron Transport Reaction in Mitochondria Endocytotic role of NDK, Phosphins and Dynamin Eph Kinases and ephrins support platelet aggregation EPO Signaling Pathway Erk and PI-3 Kinase Are Necessary for Collagen Binding in Corneal Epithelia Erk1/Erk2 Mapk Signaling pathway Erythrocyte Differentiation Pathway Erythropoietin mediated neuroprotection through NF-kB ER–associated degradation (ERAD) Pathway Estrogen-responsive protein Efp controls cell cycle and breast tumors growth Eukaryotic protein translation Extrinsic Prothrombin Activation Pathway      F FAS signaling pathway ( CD95 ) Fc Epsilon Receptor I Signaling in Mast Cells Fibrinolysis Pathway fMLP induced chemokine gene expression in HMC-1 cells FOSB gene expression and drug abuse Free Radical Induced Apoptosis Function of SLRP in Bone: An Integrated View FXR and LXR Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism      G G-Protein Signaling Through Tubby Proteins g-Secretase mediated ErbB4 Signaling Pathway Gamma-aminobutyric Acid Receptor Life Cycle GATA3 participate in activating the Th2 cytokine genes expression Generation of amyloid b-peptide by PS1 Ghrelin: Regulation of Food Intake and Energy Homeostasis Glycolysis Pathway Granzyme A mediated Apoptosis Pathway Growth Hormone Signaling Pathway      H Hemoglobin's Chaperone HIV Induced T Cell Apoptosis HIV-1 defeats host-mediated resistance by CEM15 HIV-I Nef: negative effector of Fas and TNF Hop Pathway in Cardiac Development How does salmonella hijack a cell How Progesterone Initiates the Oocyte Maturation Human Cytomegalovirus and Map Kinase Pathways Hypoxia and p53 in the Cardiovascular system Hypoxia-Inducible Factor in the Cardiovascular System      I IFN alpha signaling pathway IFN gamma signaling pathway IGF-1 Signaling Pathway IL 17 Signaling Pathway IL 18 Signaling Pathway IL 2 signaling pathway IL 3 signaling pathway IL 4 signaling pathway IL 5 Signaling Pathway IL 6 signaling pathway IL-10 Anti-inflammatory Signaling Pathway IL-2 Receptor Beta Chain in T cell Activation IL-7 Signal Transduction IL12 and Stat4 Dependent Signaling Pathway in Th1 Development IL22 Soluble Receptor Signaling Pathway Inactivation of Gsk3 by AKT causes accumulation of b-catenin in Alveolar Macrophages Induction of apoptosis through DR3 and DR4/5 Death Receptors Influence of Ras and Rho proteins on G1 to S Transition Inhibition of Cellular Proliferation by Gleevec Inhibition of Huntington's disease neurodegeneration by histone deacetylase inhibitors Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases Insulin Signaling Pathway Integrin Signaling Pathway Internal Ribosome entry pathway Intrinsic Prothrombin Activation Pathway Ion Channel and Phorbal Esters Signaling Pathway Ion Channels and Their Functional Role in Vascular Endothelium      K Keratinocyte Differentiation      L Lck and Fyn tyrosine kinases in initiation of TCR Activation Lectin Induced Complement Pathway Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism Links between Pyk2 and Map Kinases Lissencephaly gene (LIS1) in neuronal migration and development Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) pathway during atherogenesis      M Malate-aspartate shuttle Map Kinase Inactivation of SMRT Corepressor MAPKinase Signaling Pathway mCalpain and friends in Cell motility Mechanism of Acetaminophen Activity and Toxicity Mechanism of Gene Regulation by Peroxisome Proliferators via PPARa(alpha) Mechanism of Protein Import into the Nucleus Melanocyte Development and Pigmentation Pathway Metabolism of Anandamide, an Endogenous Cannabinoid METS affect on Macrophage Differentiation Mitochondrial Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase (CPT) System Monocyte and its Surface Molecules Msp/Ron Receptor Signaling Pathway mTOR Signaling Pathway Multi-Drug Resistance Factors Multi-step Regulation of Transcription by Pitx2 Multiple antiapoptotic pathways from IGF-1R signaling lead to BAD phosphorylation      N Nerve growth factor pathway (NGF) Neuropeptides VIP and PACAP inhibit the apoptosis of activated T cells Neuroregulin receptor degredation protein-1 Controls ErbB3 receptor recycling Neutrophil and Its Surface Molecules NF-kB Signaling Pathway NFAT and Hypertrophy of the heart (Transcription in the broken heart) NFkB activation by Nontypeable Hemophilus influenzae Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway NO2-dependent IL 12 Pathway in NK cells Nuclear receptors coordinate the activities of chromatin remodeling complexes and coactivators to facilitate initiation of transcription in carcinoma cells Nuclear Receptors in Lipid Metabolism and Toxicity      O Opposing roles of AIF in Apoptosis and Cell Survival Overview of telomerase protein component gene hTert Transcriptional Regulation Overview of telomerase RNA component gene hTerc Transcriptional Regulation OX40 Signaling Pathway Oxidative Stress Induced Gene Expression Via Nrf2      P p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway p53 Signaling Pathway PDGF Signaling Pathway Pelp1 Modulation of Estrogen Receptor Activity Pertussis toxin-insensitive CCR5 Signaling in Macrophage Phosphoinositides and their downstream targets. Phospholipase C d1 in phospholipid associated cell signaling Phospholipase C Signaling Pathway Phospholipase C-epsilon pathway Phospholipids as signalling intermediaries Phosphorylation of MEK1 by cdk5/p35 down regulates the MAP kinase pathway PKC-catalyzed phosphorylation of inhibitory phosphoprotein of myosin phosphatase Platelet Amyloid Precursor Protein Pathway Polyadenylation of mRNA Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling Prion Pathway Proepithelin Conversion to Epithelin and Wound Repair Control Protein Kinase A at the Centrosome Proteolysis and Signaling Pathway of Notch PTEN dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis      R Rab GTPases Mark Targets In The Endocytotic Machinery Rac 1 cell motility signaling pathway Ras Signaling Pathway Ras-Independent pathway in NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity RB Tumor Suppressor/Checkpoint Signaling in response to DNA damage Reelin Signaling Pathway Regulation of BAD phosphorylation Regulation of cell cycle progression by Plk3 Regulation of ck1/cdk5 by type 1 glutamate receptors Regulation of eIF2 Regulation of eIF4e and p70 S6 Kinase Regulation of hematopoiesis by cytokines Regulation of MAP Kinase Pathways Through Dual Specificity Phosphatases Regulation of p27 Phosphorylation during Cell Cycle Progression Regulation of PGC-1a Regulation of Spermatogenesis by CREM Regulation of Splicing through Sam68 Regulation of transcriptional activity by PML Regulators of Bone Mineralization Repression of Pain Sensation by the Transcriptional Regulator DREAM Reversal of Insulin Resistance by Leptin Rho cell motility signaling pathway Rho-Selective Guanine Exchange Factor AKAP13 Mediates Stress Fiber Formation RNA polymerase III transcription RNA polymerase III transcription Role of BRCA1, BRCA2 and ATR in Cancer Susceptibility Role of EGF Receptor Transactivation by GPCRs in Cardiac Hypertrophy Role of ERBB2 in Signal Transduction and Oncology Role of Erk5 in Neuronal Survival Role of MAL in Rho-Mediated Activation of SRF Role of MEF2D in T-cell Apoptosis Role of Mitochondria in Apoptotic Signaling Role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the regulation of apoptosis Role of Parkin in the Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Pathway Role of PI3K subunit p85 in regulation of Actin Organization and Cell Migration Role of PPAR-gamma Coactivators in Obesity and Thermogenesis Role of Ran in mitotic spindle regulation Role of Tob in T-cell activation Role of ß-arrestins in the activation and targeting of MAP kinases Roles of ß-arrestin-dependent Recruitment of Src Kinases in GPCR Signaling      S SARS Coronavirus Protease Segmentation Clock Selective expression of chemokine receptors during T-cell polarization Shuttle for transfer of acetyl groups from mitochondria to the cytosol Signal Dependent Regulation of Myogenesis by Corepressor MITR Signal transduction through IL1R Signaling of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Pathway from G-Protein Families Skeletal muscle hypertrophy is regulated via AKT/mTOR pathway Small Leucine-rich Proteoglycan (SLRP) molecules SODD/TNFR1 Signaling Pathway Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) Pathway Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) Receptor Ptc1 Regulates cell cycle Spliceosomal Assembly Sprouty regulation of tyrosine kinase signals SREBP control of lipid synthesis Stat3 Signaling Pathway Stathmin and breast cancer resistance to antimicrotubule agents Steps in the Glycosylation of Mammalian N-linked Oligosaccarides Stress Induction of HSP Regulation SUMOylation as a mechanism to modulate CtBP-dependent gene responses Sumoylation by RanBP2 Regulates Transcriptional Repression Synaptic Proteins at the Synaptic Junction      T T Cell Receptor and CD3 Complex T Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway T Cytotoxic Cell Surface Molecules T Helper Cell Surface Molecules TACI and BCMA stimulation of B cell immune responses. Telomeres, Telomerase, Cellular Aging, and Immortality TGF beta signaling pathway Th1/Th2 Differentiation The 4-1BB-dependent immune response The Co-Stimulatory Signal During T-cell Activation The IGF-1 Receptor and Longevity The information-processing pathway at the IFN-beta enhancer The PRC2 Complex Sets Long-term Gene Silencing Through Modification of Histone Tails The Role of Eosinophils in the Chemokine Network of Allergy The role of FYVE-finger proteins in vesicle transport Thrombin signaling and protease-activated receptors TNF/Stress Related Signaling TNFR1 Signaling Pathway TNFR2 Signaling Pathway Toll-Like Receptor Pathway TPO Signaling Pathway Transcription factor CREB and its extracellular signals Transcription Regulation by Methyltransferase of CARM1 Transcriptional activation of dbpb from mRNA Trefoil Factors Initiate Mucosal Healing Trka Receptor Signaling Pathway TSP-1 Induced Apoptosis in Microvascular Endothelial Cell Tumor Suppressor Arf Inhibits Ribosomal Biogenesis      U uCalpain and friends in Cell spread      V VEGF, Hypoxia, and Angiogenesis Visceral Fat Deposits and the Metabolic Syndrome Visual Signal Transduction Vitamin C in the Brain      W West Nile Virus WNT Signaling Pathway Wnt/LRP6 Signalling      Y Y branching of actin filaments      ? ß-arrestins in GPCR Desensitization

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