| Agent Name |
Acetic anhydride |
|---|
| CAS Number |
108-24-7 |
|---|
| Formula |
C4-H6-O3 |
|---|
| Major Category |
Plastics & Rubber |
|---|
| Synonyms |
Acetic acid anhydride, Acetic oxide, Acetyl oxide, Ethanoic anhydride |
|---|
| Category |
Acid Anhydrides |
|---|
| Description |
Colorless liquid with a strong, pungent, vinegar-like odor; |
|---|
| Sources/Uses |
Used to manufacture cellulose acetate fibers, plastics, pharmaceuticals, dyes, perfumes, explosives, and food starches; [ACGIH] Merck Index # 56 |
|---|
| Comments |
Liquid causes second degree burns after contact for a few minutes. [CHRIS] Corrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] Inhalation of high concentrations can cause bronchospasm and pulmonary edema. [NIOSH Guidelines for Chemical Hazards] A lachrymator; [CHEMINFO] |
|---|
| Exposure Assessment |
|---|
| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
No |
|---|
| TLV (ACGIH) |
5 ppm |
|---|
| PEL (OSHA) |
5 ppm |
|---|
| MAK |
5 ppm |
|---|
| IDLH (NIOSH) |
200 ppm |
|---|
| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH. . According to AIHA [1971], all rats exposed for 4 hours to 2,000 ppm were dead within 14 days while all rats exposed for 4 hours to 1,000 ppm survived the 14-day observation period [Capellini and Sartorelli 1967]. Because 2,000 ppm is obviously too high to be selected as the IDLH, 1,000 ppm has been chosen. . . . Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for acetic anhydride is 200 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Deichmann and Gerarde 1969]. This may be a conservative value due to the lack of relevant acute toxicity data for workers. |
|---|
| Vapor Pressure |
4 mm Hg |
|---|
| Odor Threshold Low |
0.12 ppm |
|---|
| Odor Threshold High |
0.36 ppm |
|---|
| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 1,000 ppm/4H |
|---|
| Explanatory Notes |
Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean <0.14 ppm); |
|---|
| Reference Link |
International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO) |
|---|
| Flammability (NFPA) |
2: high ambient temperature required |
|---|
| Adverse Effects |
|---|
| Toxic Pneumonitis |
Yes |
|---|
| Dermatotoxin |
Skin Burns |
|---|
| Lacrimator |
Yes |
|---|
| Links to Other NLM Databases |
|---|
| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: ACETIC ANHYDRIDE
|
|---|
