| | Oral Presentation Update on global HIV prevention research Sten H Vermund Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S1. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S1.PMCID: PMC1716906 Chemokine receptor CCR5 mediates resistance to West Nile Virus infection in mouse and man Philip Murphy Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S2. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S2.PMCID: PMC1716927 Genetic variation in HIV-1C: implications for prevention and treatment Max Essex Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S3. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S3.PMCID: PMC1716938 HIV-1 subtype C viruses rapidly develop K65R Mark A Wainberg, Florence Doualla-Bell, Tedani Gaolatte, Madisa Mine, Max Essex, and Bluma Brenner Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S4. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S4.PMCID: PMC1716949 The use of cryo electron microscopy to reveal the distribution and 3D structure of AIDS virus envelope spikes P Zhu, J Liu, J Bess, Jr, E Chertova, JD Lifson, H Grisé, G Ofek, KA Taylor, and KH Roux Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S5. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S5.PMCID: PMC1716960 History of HAART – the true story of how effective multi-drug therapy was developed for treatment of HIV disease Martin Delaney Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S6. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S6.PMCID: PMC1716971 Inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type I Daria J Hazuda Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S7. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S7.PMCID: PMC1716982 Development of Bevirimat (PA-457): first-in-class HIV maturation inhibitor Graham P Allaway Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S8. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S8.PMCID: PMC1716993 An unprecedented and simple gp120 switch mechanism enables HIV-1 to overcome multiple entry inhibitors and tropism limitations Emily Platt, James Durnin, and David Kabat Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S9. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S9.PMCID: PMC1717004 Attacking latent HIV: towards eradication of HIV infection DM Margolis Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S10. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S10.PMCID: PMC1716907 HIV replication and evolution in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy Robert F Siliciano Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S11. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S11.PMCID: PMC1716918 Monoclonal antibodies and small-molecules as distinct subclasses of CCR5-targeted therapies for HIV-1 William C Olson Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S12. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S12.PMCID: PMC1716919 The chemistry and biology of KP-1461, a selective nucleoside mutagen for HIV therapy Kevin Harris, Dmitri Sergueev, and John Reno Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S13. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S13.PMCID: PMC1716920 Human and chicken antibodies to CCR5-ECL1 block mucosal and systemic HIV infection Lucia Lopalco, Claudia Pastori, Morgane Bomsel, Alberto Clivio, Chiara Alberti, Lorenzo Diomede, Renato Longhi, Giorgio Colombo, Roberto Consonni, and Adriano Lazzarin Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S14. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S14.PMCID: PMC1716921 Neutralizing anti-Tat antibodies prolonged HAART interruption in vaccines in a prospective structured interruption study Nathan Clumeck, Philippe Hermans, Daniel Zagury, Hélène Le Buanec, Arsène Burny, Bernard Bizzini, Bruce Gilliam, Robert Redfield, and Robert Gallo Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S15. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S15.PMCID: PMC1716922 Elite control of HIV infection: implications for vaccines Florencia Pereyra, Marylyn M Addo, Daniel E Kaufmann, Toshiyuki Miura, Almas Rathod, Brett Baker, Alicja Trocha, Peggy Ueda, Rachel Rosenberg, Daniel Cohen, David Stone, Yang Liu, Terri Wrin, Susan Buchbinder, Christos J Petropoulos, Eric Rosenberg, and Bruce D Walker Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S16. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S16.PMCID: PMC1716923 Overcoming CD4 deficiency to induce long-lived memory CD8+ CTL SangKon Oh, Liyanage P Perera, Thomas A Waldmann, and Jay A Berzofsky Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S17. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S17.PMCID: PMC1716924 Acute infection by SIV: massive immunological damage Mario Roederer Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S18. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S18.PMCID: PMC1716925 A multiclade DNA/Ad vaccines for AIDS: the present and next generation Gary J Nabel Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S19. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S19.PMCID: PMC1716926 Virus-specific cellular immune correlates of survival in vaccinated monkeys after SIV challenge Norman Letvin Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S20. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S20.PMCID: PMC1716928 Prediction of B-cell epitopes – "Step 1" for rational vaccine design Jonathan M Gershoni Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S21. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S21.PMCID: PMC1716929 Design clues from functional constraints and broadly neutralizing antibodies Tongqing Zhou, Ling Xu, Barna Dey, Ann J Hessell, Shahzad Majeed, Donald Van Ryk, Shi-Hua Xiang, Xinzhen Yang, Mei-Yun Zhang, Michael B Zwick, James Arthos, Dennis R Burton, Dimiter S Dimitrov, Joseph Sodroski, Richard Wyatt, Gary J Nabel, and Peter D Kwong Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S22. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S22.PMCID: PMC1716930 Focusing the immune response on the V3 loop of HIV-1 gp120 induces cross-clade neutralizing Susan Zolla-Pazner, Sandra Sharpe-Cohen, Chavdar Krachmarov, Shixia Wang, Abraham Pinter, and Shan Lu Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S23. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S23.PMCID: PMC1716931 Misguiding cues used by HIV to thwart protective immunity EL Reinherz, D Keskin, Z Qiao, and M Kim Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S24. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S24.PMCID: PMC1716932 CD4-Induced epitopes in HIV infection Anthony DeVico, Timothy Fouts, George Lewis, Karla Godfrey, Kate Bobb, Ilea Harris, Lindsey Hocker, Lauren Hudacik, and Ranajit Pal Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S25. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S25.PMCID: PMC1716933 Non-neutralizing antibodies and vaccine-induced protection Thorsten Demberg, Ruth H Florese, V Raul Gomez-Roman, Kay Larsen, Koen KA Van Rompay, Marta L Marthas, David Venzon, VS Kalyanaraman, Ranajit Pal, Susan W Barnett, Aurelio Cafaro, Barbara Ensoli, and Marjiorie Robert-Guroff Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S26. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S26.PMCID: PMC1716934 Antibody mediated protection of immunized macaques against pathogenic SHIV challenge Indresh K Srivastava, Elaine Kan, Yide Sun, Harold Legg, Queency Lee, Brian Burke, Catherine Greer, Ying Lian, Leonidas Stamatatos, Jeffrey B Ulmer, Michael Vajdy, John Donnelly, Chris Miller, and Susan W Barnett Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S27. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S27.PMCID: PMC1716935 Structured particles for antigen presentation L Buonaguro, ML Tornesello, GK Lewis, and FM Buonaguro Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S28. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S28.PMCID: PMC1716936 Any progress for HIV vaccines to come? Hans Wigzell Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S29. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S29.PMCID: PMC1716937 Novel strategy for generation of mucosal immune responses against HIV-1 following systemic vaccination Michele A Kutzler, Kimberly A Schoenly, Karuppiah Muthumani, Rose M Parkinson, Henry Maquire, Kenneth Ugen, and DB Weiner Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S30. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S30.PMCID: PMC1716939 Disseminated and sustained HIV-infection in CD34+ cord blood cell transplanted Rag2-/-gc-/- mice Stefan Baenziger, Roxane Tussiwand, Erika Schlaepfer, Luca Mazzucchelli, Mathias Heikenwalder, Michael O Kurrer, Silvia Behnke, Joachim Frey, Annette Oxenius, Helen Joller, Adriano Aguzzi, Markus G Manz, and Roberto F Speck Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S31. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S31.PMCID: PMC1716940 T cells are depleted in HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma patients: possible role of apoptosis and p53 Sherif A Ibrahim, Sayed F Abdelwahab, Mona M Mohamed, Ahmed M Osman, Eman Fathy, Kamal S Al-Badry, Nabil Al-Kady, Gamal Esmat, and Maged M Al-Sherbiny Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S32. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S32.PMCID: PMC1716941 Evidence for replication of human endogenous retroviruses type-K (HERV-K) in HIV-1 positive patients Rafael Contreras-Galindo, Angie Contreras-Galindo, Eric Lorenzo, and Yasuhiro Yamamura Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S33. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S33.PMCID: PMC1716942 Effect of site-specific de-glycosylation on HIV gp120-specific CD4 T cell responses Hualin Li, Michael Tuen, Sandra Cohen, Maria Luisa Visciano, and Catarina Hioe Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S34. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S34.PMCID: PMC1716943 HIV-2 gene product-specific T cell responses and viraemia control Aleksandra Leligdowicz, Louis-Marie Yindom, Assan Jaye, Tao Dong, Abraham Alabi, Ramu Sarge-N'jie, Harr Njai, Andrew McMichael, Hilton Whittle, and Sarah Rowland-Jones Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S35. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S35.PMCID: PMC1716944 Detection of broad functional gag-specific CD4+ T cell responses in HIV-1-infected subjects following therapeutic immunization with rMVA expressing an HIV-1 gag immunogen Beatrice Ondondo, Hongbing Yang, Tao Dong, Kati de Gleria, Annie Suttill, Christopher Conlon, Denise Brown, Patricia Williams, Paul Bowness, Sarah L Rowland-Jones, Tomáš Hanke, Andrew McMichael, and Lucy Dorrell Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S36. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S36.PMCID: PMC1716945 Development of a live topical microbicide for women Qiang Xu, Laurel Lagenaur, Xiaowen Liu, Yang Liu, Rosa Yu, Kim Wells, Daniel Tsai, Yvonne Sweeney, Srinivas Rao, Dean Hamer, Dorothy Patton, Thomas Parks, and Peter Lee Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S37. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S37.PMCID: PMC1716946 Immune-based therapy using gamma interferon ingaron in the treatment of HIV/AIDS patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) not previously highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) Auwal Yola, Tamara Sologub, Vitaly Nechaev, and Alexandr Ivanov Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S38. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S38.PMCID: PMC1716947 CCR5 and CXCR4 antagonist and agonist binding sites Martin Teintze, Royce Wilkinson, Paul Grieco, John Mills, and Edward Dratz Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S39. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S39.PMCID: PMC1716948 A novel animal model for the study of AIDS and non-AIDS associated skin disorders Filiberto Cedeno-Laurent, April Deng, Anthony Gaspari, J Roberto Trujillo, and Joseph Bryant Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S40. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S40.PMCID: PMC1716950 Transcription factor binding aites in the pol gene intragenic regulatory region of HIV-1 are important for virus infectivity Stéphane de Walque, Caroline Vanhulle, Nathalie Vandenhoudt, Benoît Van Driessche, Arsène Burny, and Carine Van Lint Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S41. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S41.PMCID: PMC1716951 M-2 peptide: A potential immuno-modulator of gp120 conformation Anna Roitburd, Gal Dela, and Jonathan M Gershoni Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S42. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S42.PMCID: PMC1716952 HIV-1 Tat and T cell apoptosis Peter H Krammer Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S43. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S43.PMCID: PMC1716953 HIV-1 pathogenesis: IFN-alpha-dependent and -independent mechanisms of T cell death and unresponsiveness Jean-Philippe Herbeuval, Adriano Boasso, Andrew W Hardy, and Gene M Shearer Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S44. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S44.PMCID: PMC1716954 HIV infection destabilizes a targeted subset of the gamma/delta T cell repertoire Andrew M Hebbeler, Nadia Propp, Cristiana Cairo, Jean-Saville Cummings, Charles Davis, Robert R Redfield, and C David Pauza Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S45. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S45.PMCID: PMC1716955 The C5 region of HIV-1 gp120 binds specific A Dalgleish, B Austen, J Heeney, and M Cadogan Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S46. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S46.PMCID: PMC1716956 Why are pathogenic SIV and HIV infections characterized by high level immune activation when other chronic virus infection are not? Lessons from nonpathogenic SIV infection in natural host species Silvija Staprans, Sara Klucking, Guido Silvestri, Rahul Chavan, Ashley Barry, and Mark Feinberg Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S47. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S47.PMCID: PMC1716957 Harnessing RNA interference to prevent or treat HSV-2 and HIV Judy Lieberman Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S48. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S48.PMCID: PMC1716958 Microbicide development: multiple targets, multiple mechanisms Robin Shattock Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S49. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S49.PMCID: PMC1716959 Live microbial microbicides for HIV Dean Hamer, Louise McHugh, Margaret McKinney, Chris Richards, Kevin Schully, Laurel Lagenaur, and Srinivas Rao Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S50. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S50.PMCID: PMC1716961 Entry inhibitors as topical microbicides to prevent HIV-1 sexual transmission John P Moore Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S51. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S51.PMCID: PMC1716962 Highly potent, fully recombinant RANTES analogues represent promising new candidate microbicides Oliver Hartley Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S52. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S52.PMCID: PMC1716963 Development of pre-clinical and clinical models to predict the efficacy and safety of vaginal microbicides Betsy C Herold Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S53. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S53.PMCID: PMC1716964 Multiple dosage forms of the NNRTI microbicide dapivirine: product development and evaluation Joseph Romano Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S54. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S54.PMCID: PMC1716965 Influenza pandemics: past and future Peter Palese Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S55. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S55.PMCID: PMC1716966 Biology of mammalian mobile DNA Haig H Kazazian, Daria Babushok, Christine Courtney, Hiroki Kano, Eric Ostertag, Maria del Carmen Seleme, and Nuo Yang Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S56. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S56.PMCID: PMC1716967 Self-inactivation of HIV by its own RT/RNase H K Moelling, A Matskevich, L Elzaouk, J Heinrich, JS Jung, T Kwok, and S Mathur Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S57. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S57.PMCID: PMC1716968 Exploiting the activity of VP22 to enhance the delivery of antigens encoded by DNA vaccine plasmids Vidia Roopchand, Dorys Garcia-Hand, Kangjian Wu, Emily Binder, and Maninder Sidhu Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S59. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S59.PMCID: PMC1716970 Role of anti-CD4-binding site antibodies in modulating gp120-specific CD4 T cell and antibody responses ML Visciano, M Tuen, J Robinson, MK Gorny, and CE Hioe Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S60. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S60.PMCID: PMC1716972 Identification of human monoclonal antibodies specific for CCR5 from an antibody library derived from HIV-infected long-term non-progressors Mei-Yun Zhang, Bang Vu, Chih-chin Huang, Igor Sidirov, Vidita Choudhly, Peter D Kwong, and Dimiter S Dimitrov Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S61. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S61.PMCID: PMC1716973 Accelerated progression to AIDS in macaques coinfected with simian immunodeficiency virus and human herpesvirus 6A Paolo Lusso, Richard W Crowley, Mauro S Malnati, Maurilio Ponzoni, Clelia Di Serio, Angelique Biancotto, Phillip D Markham, and Robert C Gallo Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S62. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S62.PMCID: PMC1716974 HIV interactions with herpes viruses in human lyphoid tissues Leonid Margolis Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S63. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S63.PMCID: PMC1716975 The emerging role of HHV-6 in neurologic disease: lesson from multiple sclerosis and epilepsy Steven Jacobson Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S64. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S64.PMCID: PMC1716976 Characterization of specific HHV-6 and cell cycle genes implicated in virus-mediated G1/S cell-cycle arrest of glial precursors David J Mock, Pauline Chugh, Baek Kim, Christoph Pröschel, Jöerg Dietrich, Frederick Strathmann, Benjamin M Blumberg, and Margot Mayer-Pröschel Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S65. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S65.PMCID: PMC1716977 Kaposi (KS) pathogenesis: cell origin, HHV-8 permissiveness, proliferation, genomic instability P Biberfeld, P Pyakurel, F Pak, P Ojala, AR Mwakigonja, EE Kaaya, and E Castanos-Velez Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S66. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S66.PMCID: PMC1716978 Inflammatory angiogenesis as a target for prevention and therapy: Kaposi's sarcoma and HIV tat as models Adriana Albini, N Ferrari, F Tosetti, G Fassina, R Benelli, U Pfeffer, and DM Noonan Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S67. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S67.PMCID: PMC1716979 Ritonavir inhibits NF-AT activation through modulation of the PI-3 kinase/Akt Ppathway Shibani Pati, Anh Thu Nguyen, William Reid, J Scott Foulke, Jr, Anjana Yadav, Fabio Romerio, Frank Weichold, and Marvin Reitz Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S68. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S68.PMCID: PMC1716980 The HHV-8 chemokine receptor vGPCR triggers autonomous proliferation of endothelial cells Sergio A Lira Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S69. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S69.PMCID: PMC1716981 Chemotactic activity of HIV-1 Nef for human monocytes MH Lehmann, S Walter, L Ylisastigui, F Striebel, V Ovod, M Geyer, JC Gluckman, and V Erfle Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S70. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S70.PMCID: PMC1716983 The human CD3 g gene promoter is controlled by an RNA element that binds P-TEFb and is negatively regulated by HIV-1 Tat BM Badran, M Ravoet, H Akl, G Dobirta, C Equeter, G Manfouo-Foutsop, B Stamatopoulos, H Le Buanec, A Burny, and KE Willard-Gallo Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S71. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S71.PMCID: PMC1716984 Immune activation, viral replication and mucosal depletion Zvi Grossman Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S72. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S72.PMCID: PMC1716985 HIV-1 infection and CD4 T cell depletion in humanized Rag2-/-yc-/- mice Bradford Berges, William Wheat, Brent Palmer, and Ramesh Akkina Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S73. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S73.PMCID: PMC1716986 Parallel dysregulation across psychoimmunological and cardiovascular response systems in HIV+ outpatients Lydia R Temoshok, Rebecca L Wald, Lingling Sun, and Alfredo Garzino-Demo Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S74. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S74.PMCID: PMC1716987 Toward a glycopeptide-based HIV-1 vaccine Lai-Xi Wang, Bing Li, Hengguang Li, and Jinsong Wang Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S75. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S75.PMCID: PMC1716988 Gene expression patterns in human blood cells exposed to common flu-like viruses and arenavirus JC Zapata, M Mayda, R Hammanieh, S Mani, M Djavani, R Das, I Lukashevich, D Moshkoff, R Carrion, M Jett, and M Salvato Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S76. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S76.PMCID: PMC1716989 CCR6 mediates the intracellular HIV inhibitory activity of human beta-defensin 2 Lingling Sun, Leon DeMasi, Mark Lafferty, Marco Goicochea, Wuyuan Lu, and Alfredo Garzino-Demo Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S77. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S77.PMCID: PMC1716990 Induction of HIV-specific T-cell responses by gag Ellen Van Gulck, Leo Heyndrickx, Guido Vanham, Viggo FI Van Tendeloo, and Zwi N Berneman Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S78. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S78.PMCID: PMC1716991 HIV-helminth coinfection: is deworming necessary? Zvi Bentwich Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S79. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S79.PMCID: PMC1716992 Regulation of angiogenesis by angiostatin through immune cells and IL 12 production Douglas M Noonan, Claudio Brigati, Raffaela Dell'Eva, Monica Morini, Simona Minghelli, Roberto Benelli, and Adriana Albini Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S80. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S80.PMCID: PMC1716994 Regulation of HIV-1 and IL-2 transcription by inducible CAMP early repressor (ICER) Josef Bodor Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S81. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S81.PMCID: PMC1716995 Human immunodeficiency virus impairs reverse cholesterol transport from macrophages Zahedi Mujawar, Matthew P Morrow, Dmitri Sviridov, and Michael Bukrinsky Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S82. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S82.PMCID: PMC1716996 Potent cellular and humoral immunity against HIV-1 elicited in mice by a DNA-prime/MVA-boost vaccine regimen intended for human use Britta Wahren, Andreas Bråve, Andreas Boberg, Erik Rollman, Deborah Birx, Josephine Cox, Merlin Robb, Bernhard Moss, Pontus Blomberg, Gunnel Biberfeldt, and Eric Sandström Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S83. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S83.PMCID: PMC1716997 Development of a CCR5-tropic HIV-1 fusion inhibition assay amenable to high-throughput screening for topical microbicides B Beer, B Snyder, K Luckenbaugh, C Lackman-Smith, P Hogan, R Ptak, N Shindo, L Rasmussen, EL White, A Brelot, and M Alizon Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S84. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S84.PMCID: PMC1716998 Increased immunogenicity of HIV vaccination with constant-current electroporation and molecular adjuvants in mice and rhesus macaques Lauren Hirao, Amir Khan, Ling Wu, David Hokey, Ruxandra Draghia-Akli, and David B Weiner Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S85. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S85.PMCID: PMC1716999 Novel resistance mechanism of HIV-1 To peptide fusion inhibitors Nidhi Gupta, Russell Vassell, Wei Wang, Yong He, and Carol D Weiss Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S86. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S86.PMCID: PMC1717000 The transmembrane envelope protein of HIV-1 and other retroviruses modulate cytokine production and induce Treg cells Rayk Behrendt, Viet Loan Dao Thi, Thomas Vahlenkamp, Reinhard Kurth, and Joachim Denner Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S87. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S87.PMCID: PMC1717001 Perturbations in the CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell population of the GALT during acute SIV infection Amanda J Chase, Ahmad R Sedaghat, Jennifer R German, Lucio Gama, M Christine Zink, Janice E Clements, and Robert F Siliciano Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S88. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S88.PMCID: PMC1717002 Mutational analysis of HIV-1 gp41 mediated apoptosis and its correlation with fusion/hemifusion Himanshu Garg and Robert Blumenthal Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S89. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S89.PMCID: PMC1717003 Complement supports progression of HIV and turns neutralising antibodies at low concentration into infection enhancing antibodies Manfred P Dierich and Heribert Stoiber Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S90. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S90.PMCID: PMC1717005 The tumor microenvironment: the involvement of the selectin-selectin-ligand axis in tumor-endothelium interactions Isaac P Witz Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S91. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S91.PMCID: PMC1717006 A sexually transmitted parasitic cancer Robin A Weiss, Ariberto Fassati, and Claudio Murgia Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S92. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S92.PMCID: PMC1717007 Preservation of a subset of SIV-specific central memory CD4+ T cells correlates with control of viremia in SIVmac251 infected macaques Barbara K Felber, Agneta von Gegerfelt, Antonio Valentin, Margherita Rosati, Candido Alicea, Cristina Bergamaschi, Vainav Patel, Rashmi Jalah, and George N Pavlakis Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S93. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S93.PMCID: PMC1717008 Understanding the benign nature of natural SIV infection: Implications for AIDS pathogenesis Guido Silvestri Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S94. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S94.PMCID: PMC1717009 Nef-mediated TCR-CD3 and MHC-I down-modulation prevents CD4+ T cell depletion in natural SIV infection Michael Schindler, Jan Münch, Olaf Kutsch, Hui Li, Mario L Santiago, Frederic Bibollet-Ruche, Michaela C Müller-Trutwin, Francis J Novembre, Martine Peeters, Valerie Courgnaud, Elizabeth Bailes, Pierre Roques, Donald L Sodora, Paul Sharp, Guido Silvestri, Beatrice H Hahn, and Frank Kirchhoff Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S95. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S95.PMCID: PMC1717010 The enhancement of HIV-1 infectivity by Nef depends on dynamin 2 Massimo Pizzato, Anna Helander, Elena Popova, Arianna Calistri, Alessia Zamborlini, Giorgio Palu, and Heinrich Göttlinger Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S96. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S96.PMCID: PMC1717011 Preferential depletion of a splenic marginal zone-like peripheral blood CD27+B220- memory B cell population in HIV-1 infected individuals M Morrow, A Valentin, R Little, R Yarchoan, and GN Pavlakis Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S97. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S97.PMCID: PMC1717012 Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection Jason M Brenchley Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S98. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S98.PMCID: PMC1717013 Transcriptional regulation of Th2 differentiation William E Paul, Hidehiro Yamane, Liying Guo, and Jinfang Zhu Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S99. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S99.PMCID: PMC1717014 Natural and engineered antibodies against HIV Edward A Berger Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S100. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S100.PMCID: PMC1716908 Negative regulation of HIV-1 expression by the natural isoform C-terminus truncated STAT5 (STAT5Δ) Andrea Crotti, Adriano Lazzarin, Chiara Bovolenta, and Guido Poli Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S101. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S101.PMCID: PMC1716909 A dual defensive role of CIITA against retroviral infections Giovanna Tosi, Luisa Bozzo, Elisabetta Pilotti, Claudio Casoli, and Roberto Accolla Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S102. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S102.PMCID: PMC1716910 Reduced CD4 type 1 cytokine response by HIV-1 transgenic rat may be correlated with increased SOCS-1 expression from dendritic cells Anjana Yadav and William C Reid Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S103. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S103.PMCID: PMC1716911 Characterization of a RNA control element that binds p-TEFb and modulates transcription of the human CD3y gene Bassam Badran, Kevin Kunstman, Nabil el Zein, Arsène Burny, Steven Wolinsky, and Karen Willard-Gallo Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S104. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S104.PMCID: PMC1716912 The HIV-1 Vpr and glucocorticoid receptor complex is a gain of function interaction that prevents the nuclear localization of PARP-1 Karuppiah Muthumani, Andrew Y Choo, Wei-Xing Zong, Muniswamy Madesh, Daniel S Hwang, Arumugam Premkumar, Craig B Thompson, and David B Weiner Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S105. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S105.PMCID: PMC1716913 The human I-mfa domain containing protein, HIC, interacts with HIV-1 Tat and Rev and sequesters them in the cytoplasm L Gu, VW Gautier, N Sheehy, T Tsuji, H Hayakawa, and WW Hall Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S106. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S106.PMCID: PMC1716914 Proteomic characterization of HIV-1 Tat interactome VW Gautier, N O'Donohu, S Pennington, and WW Hall Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S107. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S107.PMCID: PMC1716915 Oral Presentations Optimization and antiviral analysis of peptide ligands for the HIV-1 packaging signal PSI Julia Dietz, Anette Pustowka, Ajit Kaur, Joachim Koch, Sarah Mensch, Stefan Stein, Manuel Grez, Gilles Divita, Yves Mély, Harald Schwalbe, and Ursula Dietrich Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S58. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S58.PMCID: PMC1716969 Effects of mutations on the subcellular distribution and localization of the HIV-1 VPU Ricarda Goins-Mills and Kenneth Samuel Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S108. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S108.PMCID: PMC1716916 Male circumcision as a preventive measure limiting HIV transmission Thomas C Quinn Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): S109. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S109.PMCID: PMC1716917 Poster Presentation The immunological basis of tumor therapy by targeted delivery of TNFa to tumor vessels Enrica Balza, Lorenzo Mortara, Francesca Sassi, Stefano Monteghirfo, Barbara Carnemolla, Patrizia Castellani, Dario Neri, Roberto Accollo, Luciano Zardi, and Laura Borsi Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P1. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P1.PMCID: PMC1716827 30-bp deletion variant of LMP-1 gene of EBV in HIV+ patients After several years of antiretroviral therapy Janine Cherot, Agnès Dumont, Catherine Scieux, and Felix Agbalika Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P2. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P2.PMCID: PMC1716838 Factors affecting attitude toward safe sex and reproductive health among Shiraz City youth Farah Asna-Ashari Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P3. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P3.PMCID: PMC1716849 Haematological measurements and iron levels in HIV-infected Gambian subjects Gibril Bah and Assan Jaye Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P4. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P4.PMCID: PMC1716860 Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P5. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P5.PMCID: PMC1716871 The Guinean traditional medicine in the treatment of HIV/AIDS AM Baldé, FB Magassouba, R Barry, A Loua, S Traoré, F Mara, O Mara, O Bangoura, A Camara, M Kouyaté, M Kourouma, S Camara, L Bangoura, S Traoré, AK Diallo, A Kinsi Diallo, G Mamy, G Kolomou, S Mamy, A Dieng, MD Barry, F Soumah, A Traoré, L Pieters, J Totté, and AJ Vlietinck Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P6. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P6.PMCID: PMC1716882 HIV-associated cellular proteins in human cervicovaginal lavage samples from HIV-negative women J Basu, C Duttagupta, RH Angeletti, E Nieves, SH Vermund, and SL Romney Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P7. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P7.PMCID: PMC1716893 Presence of HTLV-IIb among HIV-1 positive IDUs in Argentina Carolina Berini, Maria Eirin, Maria Pando, Horacio Salomon, Liliana Martinez Peralta, Mercedes Weissenbacher, and Mirna Biglione Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P8. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P8.PMCID: PMC1716904 Long highways and risk of HIV/AIDS S Bhalla and C Somasundaram Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P9. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P9.PMCID: PMC1716905 Provision of antiretroviral therapy in a rural setting – The Nile treatment centre experience, Uganda Harriet Bitimwine, Nangendo Deborah, and Anthony Obuku Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P10. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P10.PMCID: PMC1716828 HIV activates indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenease: inhibition of T cell proliferation by tryptophan starvation A Boasso, AW Hardy, JP Herbeuval, SA Anderson, MJ Dolan, JD Lifson, D Fuchs, and GM Shearer Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P11. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P11.PMCID: PMC1716829 Negative regulation of the SH2-homology-containing protein-tyrosine phosphatase-1 (Shp-1) P2 promoter by the HTLV-1 tax oncoprotein Jihua Cheng, Andre R Kydd, Koichi Nakase, Kristin M Noonan, Akikazu Murakami, Hong Tao, Quan Zhu, and Wayne A Marasco Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P12. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P12.PMCID: PMC1716830 Lymphoproliferative responses to HIV-1 Gag p24 antigen and mitogens in HIV-1 subtype CRF01_AE infected Thai patients and HIV-1 seronegative donors Thippawan Chuenchitra, Suchitra Sukwit, Pittapun Chaitaveep, Mark S de Souza, Silvia R Kim, Robert M Paris, and Sorachai Nitayaphan Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P13. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P13.PMCID: PMC1716831 Transcription factor binding sites in the pol gene intragenic regulatory region of HIV-1 are important for virus infectivity Stéphane de Walque, Caroline Vanhulle, Nathalie Vandenhoudt, Benoît Van Driessche, Arsène Burny, and Carine Van Lint Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P14. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P14.PMCID: PMC1716832 Differential HLA-dependent HIV evolution among subtypes DA Dilernia, L Lourta, M Losso, and H Salomon Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P15. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P15.PMCID: PMC1716833 Transcription profiling of early responses to hemorrhagic fever in rhesus macaque M Djavani, O Crasta, JC Zapata, Z Fei, O Folkerts, B Sobral, J Bryant, C Pauza, I Lukashevich, and MS Salvato Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P16. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P16.PMCID: PMC1716834 Phylogeny of HTLV-I isolates from groups with risk antecedents for human retrovirus infections in Argentina Maria Emilia Eirin, Carolina Berini, María Angeles Pando, Maria Avila, Horacio Salomon, and Mirna Biglione Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P17. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P17.PMCID: PMC1716835 Genetic characterization of HIV-1 strains circulating in Kazakhstan L Eyzaguirre, MD Saahv, Y Nadai, P Gamatos, NG Kovtunenko, IB Erasilova, JL Sanchez, DL Birx, KC Earhart, and JK Carr Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P18. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P18.PMCID: PMC1716836 Detection of HIV-1 antigen associated to erythrocytes in patients with undetectable viral load in plasma for more than one year María Noé Garcia, María Sol dos Ramos Farías, Nilda Schvachsa, Daniel Rabinovich, and Maria M Avila Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P19. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P19.PMCID: PMC1716837 Isolation and purification of HIV-1 LTR circles from PBMCs for the analysis of episomal env sequences Sandra González, Sharilyn Almodóvar, Rafael A Contreras, Maria Colón, Martin D Hill, and Eric Lorenzo Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P20. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P20.PMCID: PMC1716839 Factors associated with HIV and hepatitis C infection among regular and non-regular injection drug users in Baltimore CM Graham, SG Severtson, MM Mitchell, L Floyd, and WW Latimer Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P21. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P21.PMCID: PMC1716840 Temporal trend in the time to seroreversion in uninfected infants born to HIV seropositive mothers Jyoti Gulia and Taha El Tahir Taha Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P22. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P22.PMCID: PMC1716841 Orally HIV-1 exposed uninfected men who have sex with men display HIV-neutralizing capacity correlating with their partners viral load Klara Hasselrot Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P23. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P23.PMCID: PMC1716842 IBL4, A B cell line derived from an AIDS-related lymphoma, is a novel tumor stimulator and target for Vy2Vd2 T cell Andrew Hebbeler, Jean-Saville Cummings, Cristiana Cairo, and C David Pauza Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P24. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P24.PMCID: PMC1716843 Effect of HIV on production of anti-viral factors by HIV-specific CD4+ T cells Catarina Hioe, Gurvinder Kaur, Sandra Cohen, Michael Tuen, Diana Virland, Sayed Abdelwahab, and Alfredo Garzino-Demo Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P25. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P25.PMCID: PMC1716844 Hospitalization and mortality of HIV patients in a low resources setting Martin Hojma, Paula Nada, Saldaño Ana Gomez, and Maria Laura Ordoñez Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P26. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P26.PMCID: PMC1716845 Increased PD-1 expression in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques during lentiviral infection David A Hokey, Jean D Boyer, Hanna Yoon, and David B Weiner Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P27. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P27.PMCID: PMC1716846 Attitude towards condom use and HIV/AIDS knowledge as potential determinants of condom use self-efficacy among hispanic youths E James Essien, Ehsanzadeh Parvaneh Cv, Emmanuel Monjok, Gbadebo O Ogungbade, John Balogun, Angela F Meshaek, Doriel Ward, and Laurens Holmes, jr Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P28. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P28.PMCID: PMC1716847 Development and evaluation of the oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) for the detection of drug resistance mutations in HIV-2 patients on antiretroviral therapy Sabelle Jallow, Steve Kaye, Eleanor Brandin, Jan Albert, Guido Vanham, Hilton Whittle, Sarah Rowland-Jones, and Wouter Janssens Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P29. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P29.PMCID: PMC1716848 Street hawking and HIV/AIDS Ameh James, Itohan Aigbokhae, and Philip Abutu Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P30. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P30.PMCID: PMC1716850 Sexual behavioral pattern among students in Jos, Nigeria Ameh James, Ada Ekwempu, Itohan Aigbokhae, Nneka Ukatu, and James Ujah Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P31. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P31.PMCID: PMC1716851 Effect of HIV infection on the clinical response of leprosy in Northern Nigeria – a study done in 2005 Walter Kalu Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P32. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P32.PMCID: PMC1716852 Family support unit improves care and support to HIV-infected children and their caregivers in Cameroon CN Kwah, HP Ngamendjeu, and PS Deugue Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P33. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P33.PMCID: PMC1716853 HIV indeterminate serology in a Portuguese blood donor population – review of seven years Fernanda Leite, Francisco Dias, Carla Ferreira, Adelina Marques, Fátima Oliveira, and Ana Mota Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P34. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P34.PMCID: PMC1716854 Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in a patient population of North of Portugal Fernanda Leite, Fátima Oliveira, Ana Mota, Francisco Dias, Carla Ferreira, and Adelina Marques Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P35. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P35.PMCID: PMC1716855 Anti-CD4-gp120 complex antibodies in long-term non-progressors HIV-1 positive patients: a role in slowing disease progression? Samuele Burastero, Claudio Casoli, Chiara Paolucci, Paola Breda, Chiara Alberti, Claudia Pastori, and Lucia Lopalco Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P36. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P36.PMCID: PMC1716856 Low-cost dynabead and cytospheres compared to FACSCount to monitor patients on antiretroviral therapy at a public clinic in Kampala, Uganda F Lutwama, R Serwadda, A Nanyonjo, H Shihab, C Kikawa, M Kamya, T Quinn, L Spacek, and H Mayanja Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P37. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P37.PMCID: PMC1716857 Long-term intrapatient evolution during HIV-2 infection Adam MacNeil, Jean-Louis Sankalé, Seema Thakore Meloni, Abdoulaye Dieng Sarr, Souleymane Mboup, and Phyllis Kanki Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P38. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P38.PMCID: PMC1716858 HIV-1 infection in dendritic cells in HAART suppressed patients lrvin M Maldonado, Sharilyn Almodóvar, Giselle Marrero, María del C Colón, Juan C López, Jesús Rosado, Carlos Domínguez, René Herrera, Martin Hill, Alberto S Cornier, and Eric Lorenzo Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P39. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P39.PMCID: PMC1716859 Intracellular selection of E. coli tRNALys, 3 as the primer for HIV-1 replication Anna McCulley and Casey D Morrow Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P40. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P40.PMCID: PMC1716861 The moderating influence of cognitive performance on risk awareness to predict HIV/AIDS risk-taking behaviors MM Mitchell, SG Severtson, CM Graham, L Floyd, and WW Latimer Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P41. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P41.PMCID: PMC1716862 Anti-HIV activity of drugs that stimulate cholesterol efflux Matthew P Morrow, Zahedi A Mujawar, and Michael I Bukrinsky Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P42. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P42.PMCID: PMC1716863 HIV-1 infection of human brain-derived neural progenitor cells MK Muboh, HF Johson, and GN Farenkia Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P43. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P43.PMCID: PMC1716864 Cultured enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) enhances detection of low HIV-specific immune responses in exposed seronegative individuals in Kenya Margaret Muturi, Charity Gichuki, Gaudensia Mutua, and Omu Anzala Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P44. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P44.PMCID: PMC1716865 Forced primer selection modulates HIV-1 replication and stability of the PBS Na Ni and Casey D Morrow Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P45. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P45.PMCID: PMC1716866 In vitro SIV replication kinetics correlate with vaccine induced cellular immune responses and predict post-challenge outcome in immunized rhesus macaques Washingtone Ochieng, Christiane Stahl-Hennig, You-Suk Suh, Sieghart Sopper, Gerhard Hunsmann, and Ulrike Sauermann Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P46. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P46.PMCID: PMC1716867 Detection of low frequency drug resistant mutations in antiretroviral-treated HIV-1C infections Harriet Okatch, Vladimir Novitsky, and Myron Essex Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P47. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P47.PMCID: PMC1716868 Genomic instability induced by AZT in cultured normal human mammary epithelial cells (NHMECs) generates aneuploidy Ofelia A Olivero, Jennifer P Borojerdi, Cristina Semino-Mora, Yvonna Ward, and Miriam C Poirier Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P48. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P48.PMCID: PMC1716869 Antiretroviral compounds affect the granule-dependent mechanisms of lysis in CD8 T cells Anita Parmigiani, Daria Trabattoni, and Mario Clerici Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P49. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P49.PMCID: PMC1716870 Novel codon-optimized GM-CSF gene as an adjuvant to enhance the immunity of a DNA vaccine against HIV-1 gag Jian-Tai Qiu, Ting-Chang Chang, Cheng-Tao Lin, Yi-Ming Chen, Fran Q Li, Yung-Kuei Soong, and Chyong-Huey Lai Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P50. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P50.PMCID: PMC1716872 Homology of HIV-1 Indian subtype C tat gene with other subtypes correlates with the induction of potent cross clade immune responses following immunization with HIV-1 Indian subtype C mutated and codon optimized tat DNA/MVA vaccine in mice Huma Qureshi, VVSP Prasad, Bimal K Das, and Pradeep Seth Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P51. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P51.PMCID: PMC1716873 Development of vaccine for "hepatitis C" (Papaya mosaic virus as an expression vector for foreign epitopes) Varsha Raja and MG AbouHaidar Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P52. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P52.PMCID: PMC1716874 Vitamin A deficiency and proinflammatory cytokine, mu opioid receptor, and HIV expression in the HIV-1 Tg rat Walter Royal, III, Huiyun Wang, Odell Jones, Hieu Tran, and Joseph L Bryant Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P53. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P53.PMCID: PMC1716875 A monoclonal antibody against HIV Tat attenuates neurotoxicity via glutamate receptors Jeffrey Rumbaugh, Muznabanu Bachani, Ilia Tikhonov, David Pauza, and Avindra Nath Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P54. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P54.PMCID: PMC1716876 HIV-1 natural viral suppressors: control of viral replication in the absence of therapy Mohammad Sajadi Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P55. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P55.PMCID: PMC1716877 Differential effects on HIV replication and T cell activation following direct inhibition of CDK9 or flavopiridol (FVP) treatment in primary peripheral blood lymphocytes D Salerno, MG Hasham, R Marshall, J Garriga, AY Tsygankov, and X Graña Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P56. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P56.PMCID: PMC1716878 Homeless people and HIV/AIDS Sarah Dewi Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P57. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P57.PMCID: PMC1716879 Liver disease progression in HIV/HCV co-infected patients: a role for metalloproteinases and their specific inhibitors Priyo Sasongko Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P58. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P58.PMCID: PMC1716880 Factors associated with HIV and HCV infection among individuals with a history of injection drug use in Baltimore SG Severtson, CM Graham, M Mitchell, L Floyd, and WW Latimer Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P59. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P59.PMCID: PMC1716881 Hepatitis B and hepatitis C prevalence in HIV positive pregnant women Gilbert Siame Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P60. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P60.PMCID: PMC1716883 Genetic diversity and high proportion of intersubtype recombinants of HIV-1 in urban Cameroon Ana Machuca, Shixing Tang, Jinjie Hu, Sherwin Lee, Vutukuri Gupta, Leopold Zekeng, Bih Awazi, Chris Vockley, and Indira Hewlett Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P61. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P61.PMCID: PMC1716884 Epitope-based vaccines: SARS – a model Natalia Tarnovitski Freund, Jianhua Sui, Wayne A Marasco, and Jonathan M Gershoni Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P62. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P62.PMCID: PMC1716885 Assessment of knowledge, perceptions and acceptability of mandatory pre-medical tests for intending couples in churches in Abuja, Nigeria A Uwah, A Adedeji, O SalawuV, A Okunade, P Adebayo, and I Akpan Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P63. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P63.PMCID: PMC1716886 Do circulating HIV vaccine plasmids contribute to immunogenicity in humans? B Wahren, G Engström, K Aperia, L Gudmundsdotter, E Sandström, J Albert, and A Bråve Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P64. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P64.PMCID: PMC1716887 Coping styles predict immune system parameters and clinical outcomes in patients with HIV Rebecca L Wald, Greta C Dowling, and Lydia R Temoshok Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P65. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P65.PMCID: PMC1716888 Chemokine and chemokine gene polymorphisms in exposed but uninfected partners of HIV-1 infected individuals in North India A Wanchu, P Suresh, RK Sachdeva, and A Bhatnagar Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P66. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P66.PMCID: PMC1716889 Comparative study on use of CD4 T cell count and plasma P24 antigen concentration in antiretroviral therapy monitoring for HIV/AIDs patients in Kano, Nigeria Abdulrazak Yahaya, Auwal Yola, and Musa Babashani Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P67. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P67.PMCID: PMC1716890 Immunization strategies to elicit mucosal immune response of HIV Yinghui Shi Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P68. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P68.PMCID: PMC1716891 Up-regulation of interferon-a/APOBEC3G signal pathway potently inactivates HIV-1 infectivity in resting CD4-T cells Keyang Chen, Jialing Huang, Chune Zhang, Sophia Huang, Giuseppe Nunnari, Feng-xiang Wang, Xiangrong Tong, Ling Gao, Kristi Nikisher, and Hui Zhang Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P69. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P69.PMCID: PMC1716892 HLA-C increases fusion efficiency between the HIV-1 envelope and the cell membrane and is part of the fusion complex Andrea Matucci, Paola Rossolillo, Stefania Sala, Lucia Lopalco, Antonio Siccardi, Umberto Bertazzoni, and Donato Zipeto Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P70. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P70.PMCID: PMC1716894 Micro RNAs play a central role during cancer and viral infections and can serve as targets for therapy Zvi Bentwich Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P71. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P71.PMCID: PMC1716895 Poster Presentations NIMH funding opportunities for NeuroAIDS therapeutics development research Jing Bao and Kathy Kopnisky Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P72. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P72.PMCID: PMC1716896 Virological responses of treatment-naïve stage CDC-2 HIV-1 positive subjects receiving VGV-1 injections in a blinded, placebo-controlled, multi-centre clinical trial Zoja Noveljic, Harry Zhabilov, Jimmy Hwang, Anel Clark, AnneRika Louw, Timothy Wright, and Patrick Bouic Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P73. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P73.PMCID: PMC1716897 Immunity in Nigerian women and the effects of pregnancy and infectious disease exposure on fetal immunity Cristiana Cairo, Nadia Propp, Ille Mamman, Alash'le Abimiku, William A Blattner, and C David Pauza Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P74. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P74.PMCID: PMC1716898 Effective HIV/AIDS support in Myanmar (Burma) and sustained development Odile Picard Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P75. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P75.PMCID: PMC1716899 A novel dual antibody conjugate (Heteropolymer) reduces circulating HIV in a mouse model SE Pincus, SM Jones, TA Bradley, J Dunne, Q Wang, WJ Honnen, R Kunert, and A Pinter Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P76. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P76.PMCID: PMC1716900 Inhibition of coxsackievirus B3 by RNA interference (RNAi) J Kurreck, S Schubert, D Werk, D Rothe, HP Grunert, I Sipo, H Fechner, W Poller, VA Erdmann, and H Zeichhardt Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P77. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P77.PMCID: PMC1716901 Antiretroviral activity of aminothiols, WR2721 and WR1065 Miriam C Poirier, Gene M Shearer, Andrew W Hardy, Ofelia A Olivero, Dale M Walker, and Vernon E Walker Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P78. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P78.PMCID: PMC1716902 First Molecular surveillance report of HIV in injecting drug users and female sex workers in Mexico Lindsay M Eyzaguirre, Kimberly C Brouwer, Yuka Nadai, Thomas L Patterson, Rebeca Ramos, Michelle Firestone Cruz, Prisci Orozovich, Steffanie Strathdee, and Jean K Carr Retrovirology. 2006; 3(Suppl 1): P79. Published online 2006 December 21. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-P79.PMCID: PMC1716903 |