| Agent Name |
Isobutyl nitrite |
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| CAS Number |
542-56-3 |
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| Formula |
C4-H9-N-O2 |
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| Major Category |
Nitrogen Compounds |
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| Synonyms |
Blackjack; IBN; Isobutyl nitrite; Nitrous acid, 2-methylpropyl ester; Nitrous acid, isobutyl ester; [ChemIDplus] UN1992 |
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| Category |
Nitrates and Nitrites |
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| Description |
Clear colorless to pale yellow liquid; [CAMEO] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used as a chemical intermediate and a drug for angina pectoris; [ACGIH] Amyl nitrite and isobutyl nitrite are used as illicit, aphrodisiac inhalants to enhance erection. [AHLS, p. 199] |
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| Comments |
High doses cause death from methemoglobinemia in acute and subchronic animal studies. [ACGIH] Liver damage as a cause of death was suggested in one animal study. [HSDB] A volatile substance that may be abused by inhalation mainly for its vasodilator properties; [Reference #1] |
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| Reference Link |
Volatile Substance Abuse |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| BEI |
Methemoglobin in blood = 1.5% of hemoglobin during or at end of shift. [ACGIH] |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
No |
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| Ceiling (ACGIH) |
1 ppm, inhalable fraction and vapor |
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| Vapor Pressure |
10 mm Hg |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 777 ppm/4h |
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| Explanatory Notes |
Flash point = -10 deg F; |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Methemoglobinemia |
Methemoglobinemia, Secondary |
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| Hepatotoxin |
Hepatotoxin, Secondary |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: ISOBUTYL NITRITE
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