Since 2003, EOIR has carried out the Legal Orientation Program (LOP) to improve judicial efficiency and assist all parties in detained removal proceedings - detained aliens, the immigration court, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and the detention facility. Experience has shown that detained individuals make wiser decisions and are more likely to obtain representation, non-profit organizations reach a wider audience of people with minimal resources, and cases are more likely to be completed faster, resulting in fewer court hearings and less time spent in detention.

Through the LOP, representatives from nonprofit organizations provide comprehensive explanations about immigration court procedures along with other basic legal information to large groups of detained individuals. The orientations are normally comprised of three components: 1) the interactive group orientation, which is open to general questions; 2) the individual orientation, where non-represented individuals can briefly discuss their cases with experienced counselors; and 3) the referral/self-help component, where those with potential relief, or those who wish to voluntarily depart the country or request removal are referred to pro bono counsel, or given self-help legal materials and basic training through group workshops, where appropriate.

In Fiscal Year 2006 Congress appropriated additional funds for the LOP program enabling EOIR to expand the LOP further. Current sites: Eloy, Arizona; Lancaster, California; Aurora, Colorado; Hudson County Jail, New Jersey and Middlesex County Jail, New Jersey; Batavia, New York; York, Pennsylvania; El Paso, Texas; Houston, Texas; Pearsall, Texas; Port Isabel, Texas; San Antonio, Texas; Tacoma, Washington; and San Diego, California.

In January of 2001, the Pro Bono Program, in conjunction with the BIA Clerk's Office, implemented the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA) Pro Bono Project (the "Project") to increase pro bono representation initially for individuals detained by the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) with immigration cases under appeal. The Project was developed between EOIR and several non-governmental organizations, including the Catholic Legal Immigration Network, Inc., the Capital Area Immigrants' Rights Coalition, the National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild, and the American Immigration Law Foundation. Since its start, the Project has succeeded in securing pro bono counsel for over 450 aliens around the country - individuals who would not have otherwise been represented by counsel.

Immigrants in removal proceedings are not entitled to publicly-funded legal assistance, and thus, many appear before the Immigration Courts and BIA without legal counsel. Agencies that provide legal services to immigrants normally face great obstacles in identifying, locating, and communicating with unrepresented individuals in time to write and file an appeal brief.

Under the Project, EOIR assists in identifying certain cases based upon criteria determined by the partnering volunteer groups. Once cases are identified and reviewed, their summaries are then distributed via e-mail to pro bono representatives anywhere in the United States. Volunteers who accept a case under the Project receive a copy of the file, as well as additional time to file the appeal brief.

Legal representation in many of these cases has had a meaningful impact. Since attorneys or accredited representatives usually identify and argue the issues better on appeal, immigrants with meritorious cases have a greater chance of success. Representation also reduces procedural errors and enables the BIA to provide a more effective and timely case review.

An evaluation performed by the BIA in October, 2004, concluded that the Project was successful in meeting its original goals of increasing the level and quality of pro bono representation before the Board. To read the full evaluation, go to: http://www.usdoj.gov/eoir/reports/BIAProBonoProjectEvaluation.pdf.

For more information on the BIA Pro Bono Project, please contact the CLINIC Project Coordinator, Ann Atalla, at: aatalla@cliniclegal.org, (202) 756-5537, or Steven Lang, Coordinator, Legal Orientation and Pro Bono Program, at: Steven.Lang@usdoj.gov.

Children in immigration removal proceedings, who are unaccompanied by a family member or legal guardian, are of special concern to EOIR. The Legal Orientation and Pro Bono Program is working with national non-profit agencies and the Division for Unaccompanied Children''s Services at the Office of Refugee Resettlement to improve legal services for these children through new pro bono outreach programs.

Model Hearing Program

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The Model Hearing Program is an educational program developed by the Legal Orientation and Pro Bono Program to improve the quality of advocacy before the court, as well as increase levels of pro bono representation. Model Hearings consist of small-scale ‘mock' trial training sessions held in the immigration court and presented by volunteer immigration judges. The training sessions, carried out in cooperation with partnering bar associations and/or pro bono agencies, provide practical and relevant ‘hands-on' immigration court training to small groups of attorneys/law students with an emphasis on practice, procedure and advocacy skills. Participants receive training materials and CLE credit, and commit to a minimal level of pro bono representation throughout the year. Since June of 2001, over 30 Model Hearing training sessions were held in immigration courts across the country.

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