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| Objectives
for Priority Area 2 |
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Facilitate Regional Disease Surveillance
- Work with WHO and other partners to identify gaps in global disease
surveillance by conducting a health situation analysis.
- Provide technical and material assistance to regional networks that
can fill global gaps in disease surveillance.
- Host meetings that bring the leaders of regional surveillance networks
together on a periodic basis to exchange experiences and methods and
facilitate collaboration.
- Develop surveillance modules that can facilitate standardization
of disease reporting among regional disease surveillance networks. Modules
may cover sentinel disease surveillance, disease-specific surveillance,
and syndromic disease surveillance.
- Help WHO strengthen WHO country and regional offices by providing
CDC scientists, as needed, to assist with national and regional disease
surveillance efforts.
- Assign epidemiologists and laboratory scientists from CDC to DoD
laboratories in Indonesia, Kenya, and Thailand, in addition to those
already in Egypt and Peru, to support DoD efforts to help strengthen
regional disease surveillance (Appendix
E).
- Engage nontraditional partners, such as medical missionary organizations
and multinational corporations, in regional disease surveillance activities,
particularly in regions that lack adequate public health infrastructures.
Use State-of-the-Art Tools
- Work with DoD, USAID, development banks, foundations, and other partners
to provide public health agencies in developing countries with hardware
(e.g., hand-held computers for field use), specialized software (e.g.,
EPI INFO 2000, PHLIS, and LITS+), and reliable Internet access to facilitate
participation in regional infectious disease networks and training activities.
- Work with many partners to provide regional networks with field-friendly
diagnostic tests (e.g., dipsticks).
- Work with WHO and other partners to develop laboratory standards
for diagnostic testing and data standards for disease and syndrome reporting.
Promote New Paradigms for Global Disease Surveillance
- Establish mechanisms for regular information exchange between veterinary
and agricultural organizations and public health agencies on new and
re-emerging animal diseases that might affect humans.
- Work with NOAA, NASA, DoD, NIH, the National Science Foundation,
and many other partners to create models that predict the risk of zoonotic
and vectorborne disease by integrating climatic, environmental, veterinary,
entomologic, and epidemiologic data. CDC can play a major role in providing
epidemiologic data.
Strengthen WHO’s Disease-Specific Global Surveillance Networks
- Provide technical assistance to WHO-sponsored networks that monitor
specific diseases of global importance, such as polio, measles, influenza,
and TB (Appendix
E).
- Work with WHO to help establish a global network for surveillance
and control of plague, using the WHO Influenza Surveillance Network
as a model.
- Work with WHO and other partners to help draft a new set of International
Health Regulations (IHR) that includes a set of internationally-reportable
diseases or disease syndromes.
Facilitate Surveillance for Foodborne and
Waterborne Diseases
- Improve global surveillance for foodborne and waterborne diseases
by
- Establishing sentinel surveillance sites for foodborne and waterborne
disease at International Emerging Infections Programs (IEIPs; see
Priority Area 6).
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Working with PAHO and FDA to expand PulseNet—the U.S. early
warning system for foodborne diseases—into a regional system
for detecting outbreaks of foodborne disease throughout the Americas.
PulseNet compares the molecular fingerprints of bacterial isolates
from many different sources. It can trace the source of an outbreak
to shipments of contaminated food bought and consumed at different
geographic locations. (See Box 2.)
- Establishing a mechanism for the regular exchange of surveillance
information on foodborne diseases (e.g., salmonellosis, shigellosis,
and E. coli O157:H7 infection), including PulseNet fingerprinting
data, with European Union partners.
- Seek WHO approval for establishing a CDC-based WHO Collaborating Centre
for Salmonella Surveillance that provides support to WHO’s Global
Salmonella Surveillance system (Global Salm-Surv).
Facilitate Surveillance for Antimicrobial Resistance
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Work with other U.S. agencies to draft and implement Part II of the
U.S. Public Health Action Plan to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance (Box
4), which will consider the role of the U.S. government in addressing
global resistance problems, such as the spread of multidrug-resistant
TB.
- Increase the number of regional laboratories that conduct state-of-the-art
testing for drug resistance, working through the WHO External Quality
Assurance System and the WHO Collaborating Centre for Antimicrobial
Resistance and using the new WHO/CDC laboratory manual for standardized
susceptibility testing.
- In collaboration with WHO, the European Union, and other partners,
explore the possibility of establishing an expert working group that
sets international standards for detecting and reporting drug-resistant
threats.
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