HEALTH CONSULTATION
OUTBOARD MARINE CORPORATION/WAUKEGAN HARBOR
WAUKEGAN, LAKE COUNTY, ILLINOIS
In the spring of 2003, the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) learned about changes at the Outboard Marine Corporation (OMC) site located in Waukegan Harbor, Waukegan, Illinois, and also learned of proposed changes for land use in the area. We have re-evaluated the site to take under consideration the changes that have occurred since the 1998 site review and update (SRU) of the OMC site in Waukegan Harbor (ATSDR 1998). Other operable units will be discussed in separate health consultations.
BACKGROUND AND STATEMENT OF ISSUES
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) identifies and delineates specific clean-up
areas at sites that have been placed on USEPA's 
National Priorities List for Uncontrolled
Hazardous waste sites (NPL sites, also referred to as Superfund sites). These specific areas are
called operable units, and USEPA has identified the following three areas as operable units at the OMC site in Waukegan Harbor (Figures 1 and 2):
USEPA anticipates that OMC plant 2 will be designated as a fourth operable unit at the site.
On April 20, 1989, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) released a preliminary public health assessment (PHA) for the OMC/Waukegan Harbor site (ATSDR 1989). On September 30, 1994, ATSDR released the final version of the PHA for the site (ATSDR 1994). IDPH prepared both documents under a cooperative agreement with ATSDR. In the 1994 PHA, IDPH concluded that the site was a public health hazard because people who had consumed fish from Waukegan Harbor and Lake Michigan had probably been exposed to levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) that could result in adverse health effects.
On August 7, 1998, ATSDR released a site review and update (SRU) for the OMC site in Waukegan Harbor (ATSDR 1998). This document was also prepared by IDPH under a cooperative agreement with ATSDR. IDPH concluded that although the site had been remediated, eating some fish from Waukegan Harbor and Lake Michigan remained a public health hazard. The SRU made the following recommendations for Waukegan Harbor.
In July 1998, USEPA awarded the city of Waukegan a Brownfield Development Grant to bring abandoned and contaminated properties back to use. This grant could apply to properties near Waukegan Harbor (USEPA 2003a).
In December of 2000, the Outboard Marine Corporation filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy (reorganization). In August of 2001, the company filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy (liquidation). The OMC bankruptcy trustee abandoned OMC plant 2 in December 2002 (USEPA 2003b). USEPA is concerned that this plant may be a continuing source of PCB contamination for Waukegan Harbor (2002a).
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE) dredges the entrance channel to Waukegan Harbor once or twice a year. To date, sediment at the channel entrance has not been contaminated with PCBs, and COE has deposited the material collected into Lake Michigan (COE 2001). The Corps of Engineers is examining the possibility of dredging Waukegan Harbor itself, and the dredging could begin in 2004 (K. Adler, USEPA, personal communication, 2003). Local, state, and federal agencies are evaluating the option of placing the dredged sediment under a landfill cover to be constructed at the Yeoman Creek Landfill (another NPL site in Waukegan) (USEPA 2003c).
A Waukegan Harbor cleanup that ended in 1993 used 50 parts per million (ppm) of PCBs as a clean-up criterion. Because state and federal agencies currently use 0.25 ppm to 1.0 ppm as the clean-up criteria for other sites, USEPA is re-evaluating the adequacy of the initial Waukegan Harbor cleanup. USEPA is planning additional sampling of both sediment and fish, and anticipates having an appropriate clean-up level by September 20, 2004 (USEPA 2002a).
On August 25, 2003, the city of Waukegan approved a master plan by Skidmore Owings and Merrill for redevelopment of downtown and lakefront property (City of Waukegan 2003).
On October 8, 2003, the city proposed developing a Waukegan Lakefront Restoration Center on the OMC plant 2 property. The plans are to have this facility handle all cleanup of contamination in Waukegan Harbor sediment, lakefront soil, and soil from around Waukegan Harbor. Cleaned soil will be returned to the lakefront. Soil that cannot be cleaned will be placed in a landfill at the site of the present OMC plant 2 parking lot. The landfill will only accept materials from harbor and lakefront remediation, and after the landfill is completed, it will become a park. Illinois EPA, or–for Superfund sites–USEPA, would have to approve all clean-up plans and plans for developing the Waukegan Lakefront Restoration Center.
Current land use around Waukegan Harbor is commercial and industrial. The harbor serves commercial shipping, including delivery of raw materials and cement, and barge and tug mooring. It also provides access to marinas and maintenance facilities for recreational boating. A public beach is east of the site. As noted in the PHA (ATSDR 1994) and SRU (ATSDR 1998), IDPH staff members have observed people fishing in Waukegan Harbor on several occasions. Charter boats for anglers also operate out of the harbor.
Currently, the nearest residences are about 0.3 miles west of the site up on a bluff. By road, however, the residences are about twice that distance. The 2000 U.S. Census reported that 10,492 people lived within 1 mile of the site with Hispanics comprising 47% of the total and African Americans 19%. A USEPA memorandum in 2003 reported a low-income status for 44% of the residents within 1 mile of Waukegan Harbor.
The city of Waukegan bought the 36-acre Waukegan Manufactured Gas and Coke Plant property, which borders Waukegan Harbor. The city has rezoned the property for high-density residential housing (USEPA 2003b).
A number of plans have been proposed for the future development of the OMC plant 2 property. Among other suggested uses for the OMC property are the following.
The city projected that residential development near the harbor would begin within 5 years.
During their second 5-year review of the site in the summer of 2002, USEPA asked for public comments (2002a). They asked for comments from the Waukegan Community Advisory Group and placed notices in local newspapers in English and Spanish. The Community Advisory Group notified USEPA that because PCB levels in fish were still an issue, they were concerned that PCBs might be moving from OMC plant 2 into Waukegan Harbor.
USEPA is also concerned that OMC plant 2 may be a continuing source of PCBs entering Waukegan Harbor and is pursuing an investigation regarding the cleanup of contamination at the plant. A separate health consultation will report on issues related to OMC plant 2.
Chemicals of Interest
IDPH compared the maximum level of each chemical detected during environmental sampling with appropriate screening comparison values. Comparison values are used to select chemicals for further evaluation for both carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health effects. Chemicals that exceeded comparison values were selected for further evaluation. A description of the comparison values is found in Attachment 1.
Comparison values do not represent thresholds of toxicity. Exposure to chemicals that exceed comparison values does not necessarily cause adverse health effects. Screening values are used to determine which contaminants need further evaluation. Even though a chemical may be found at a level greater than its comparison values, it can only affect human health if a person is exposed (comes into contact with the chemical) to a sufficient dose. The amount of the contaminant, the duration and route of exposure, and the health status of exposed individuals are important factors in determining the potential for adverse health effects. The chemicals to be evaluated further at the OMC/Waukegan Harbor site are PCBs.
PCBs in Sediment and Fish of Waukegan Harbor and Vicinity
PCBs were found in Waukegan Harbor sediment samples collected April 17-19, 1996 (Table 1) and in January 2003 (Table 2). All PCB concentrations were below 50 ppm, which was the PCB criterion used for the initial harbor cleanup. Some of the samples had PCB concentrations above the 0.25 ppm to 1.0 ppm criteria currently used by USEPA for sediment cleanups in other states.
Table 3 shows the level of PCBs detected in fish from Waukegan Harbor and Lake Michigan from 1997 to 2001. Southern Harbor has a marina and is immediately south of Waukegan Harbor. Lake trout from Lake Michigan equaled the 2 ppm U.S. Food and Drug Administration guideline for PCBs in fish, while carp from Waukegan Harbor exceeded the guideline.
Exposure Pathways
A hazardous chemical can affect people only if they come into contact with the chemical (through an exposure pathway) at a level high enough to cause adverse health effects. Exposure pathways must be complete for exposure to occur. Exposure pathways have five parts, and all five parts must be present before a person is exposed. If all of the following five elements exist, the exposure pathway is called a complete or completed exposure pathway.
A source of exposure (where the hazardous substance originates or where it is released).
An environmental medium (such as air or water) in which the hazardous substance exists and may be transported to a place where a person can come into contact with it.
A route of exposure (the way in which a person is exposed). For example, a person can be exposed by breathing air that contains a hazardous substance.
A point of exposure (the location where a person can come into contact with a hazardous substance). If a person breathes in air contaminated with carbon monoxide in a closed garage, the air in the garage is the point of exposure.
An exposed population (a person or persons exposed to a hazardous substance). If there is no one exposed to a hazardous substance, the exposure pathway is incomplete.
A pathway is considered complete if all the components are present and people are currently being exposed, were exposed in the past, or could be exposed in the future. Sometimes there are missing components or insufficient data to decide whether a pathway is complete. If the missing or unidentified part(s) might be present, could have been present in the past, or could be present in the future, it is considered a potential exposure pathway. If part of a pathway has never been present, and never will be, the pathway is incomplete and is not considered further.
Fish
Eating fish contaminated with PCBs is the main exposure pathway at the OMC site. PCBs are very persistent (stay around for a long time) in the environment and can bioaccumulate in fish, meaning that the levels of PCBs increase as larger fish eat smaller fish (ATSDR 2000). If an organism absorbs a chemical faster than it is eliminated from its body, it will accumulate the chemical. In the food chain, animals may eat large quantities of contaminated prey. With chemicals that bioaccumulate, this can cause higher concentrations in organisms at higher levels of the food chain. For example, zooplankton can have higher concentrations of bioaccumulating chemicals than the phytoplankton they eat. The fish that eat the zooplankton have higher concentrations than the zooplankton, and larger fish that eat smaller fish have even higher concentrations. This process of increased concentrations in organisms in the food chain is called biomagnification. PCBs bioaccumulate and biomagnify because they dissolve easily in fat, do not dissolve easily in water, and are not easily broken down and eliminated. Fish and other organisms can accumulate these chemicals by absorption from the water column, by coming into contact with contaminated sediment (in place or suspended in the water column), and through the food chain (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1986).
Many factors influence the uptake and bioaccumulation of PCBs in fish and other organisms. Fish living permanently in a contaminated area could have higher PCB concentrations than fish in uncontaminated areas. Bottom feeders, which have frequent contact with sediment and incidental consumption of sediment, accumulate PCBs readily. Older and larger fish would be expected to have higher concentrations of PCBs. Fast-growing species should have lower PCB concentrations. Fish with more fat should accumulate higher PCB concentrations. Fish that live in cold water have a slower metabolism and cannot eliminate PCBs as rapidly as fish that live in warmer waters, so they tend to accumulate higher levels of PCBs.
Persons Potentially Exposed to PCBs in Fish
Currently, nearby residents must travel at least 0.6 miles by road to fish in Waukegan Harbor. However, the city of Waukegan has rezoned the Waukegan Manufactured Gas and Coke Plant property for high-density residential housing. Completion of this housing could bring a large population of people to the immediate vicinity, which could increase the number of anglers and the frequency of angling in and near Waukegan Harbor. A study of anglers in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin who ate fish from the Great Lakes found that, overall, many of the anglers (49%), women (61%), and minorities (78%) in Illinois who ate Great Lakes fish were unaware of fish advisories (Tilden et al. 1997).
This study also found that not many of the people who were aware of fish advisories followed the recommendations to reduce exposure to contaminants in fish (Tilden et al. 1997). People who do not follow the Illinois Fish Advisory guidelines will likely increase their exposure to PCBs and other contaminants.
Currently, 68% of the persons living within 1 mile of Waukegan Harbor belong to a minority group, and 44% of the persons living within 1 mile have low-income status. Persons who have low incomes are more likely to depend on fish for subsistence. Unless PCB levels in fish decrease, subsistence fish eaters who do not follow the Illinois Fish Advisory for Lake Michigan could be exposed to elevated levels of PCBs.
IDPH estimated cancer rates using USEPA cancer slope factors, USEPA fish consumption rates
(1997), and the average PCB concentration in Waukegan Harbor fish. IDPH also assumed that
people would eat fish from Waukegan Harbor for 30 years. Using these assumptions, eating fish
from Waukegan Harbor could pose a low increased cancer risk for recreational anglers and a
moderate increased cancer risk for subsistence fish eaters. Cancer risks could be greatly reduced
by following the Illinois Fish Advisory recommendations. These have been recently updated and
can be found at http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/fishadv/fishadvisory04.htm (IDPH 2004).
Sediment
Because 12-25 feet of water cover the harbor sediments, human exposure to contaminated sediments is considered to be negligible. Contaminated sediment is apparently the primary source of PCBs that bioaccumulate in the food chain, including fish, of the Waukegan Harbor area. PCB concentrations in Waukegan Harbor sediment samples are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
Surface Water
PCBs do not dissolve well in water. Even before the initial Waukegan Harbor cleanup, PCB concentrations in the harbor and open lake were low (ATSDR 1994). Consequently, contamination of the Waukegan municipal water supply with PCBs was–and is–unlikely.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Eating contaminated fish and ignoring the Illinois Fish Advisory may expose anglers and their families to elevated levels of PCBs (past, present, future). These chemicals can cause liver cancer in rats, and USEPA considers PCBs to be probable human carcinogens. Cancers caused by chemical exposure often do not appear until 10 years or more after exposure; consequently, cancers could still arise from past exposure to contaminated fish. Cancers caused by exposure to chemicals cannot be distinguished from cancers that occur from other causes.
An average recreational or subsistence angler who eats fish from Waukegan Harbor containing PCBs at concentrations above 2 ppm would exceed the chronic and intermediate minimal risk level (MRL) guidelines for PCBs. Subtle neurological effects may occur in the infants of women who eat large quantities of fish contaminated with PCBs. These effects are discussed in the following Child Health Considerations section. A study of people 50 to 90 years of age who ate more than 24 pounds of Great Lakes fish per year found no neurological effects related to PCB exposure. In studies of animals that consumed fish with PCB levels similar to those in some fish from Waukegan Harbor and Lake Michigan, researchers have observed immunological depression and more serious reproductive effects. PCBs can decrease reproductive success in animals, but human studies of these effects have been less clear (ATSDR 2000).
For anglers in the Waukegan area, the greatest risk for adverse health effects would be for people who regularly ate PCB-contaminated fish from the harbor itself. The risk should decrease with fish obtained at increasing distances from the harbor. Sediment remediation also should have decreased the risk. Future residential development of the harbor, however, could increase the number of potential anglers. Therefore, human exposure could increase unless PCB concentrations in fish decrease.
Subtle neurological effects may occur in the infants of women who eat large quantities of fish contaminated with PCBs. Health effects have included decreased reflexes, motor immaturity, and lower psychomotor scores in children between 6 months and 2 years of age. Some of these neurological effects may persist into later childhood. In one study, statistical analyses suggested that PCBs rather than other contaminants in the fish caused the observed neurological effects. Results of human studies of birth weight and infant growth after maternal PCB consumption have been inconsistent (ATSDR 2000).
PCB contamination in some fish from Waukegan Harbor and Lake Michigan continues to be a public health hazard. Future residential development of harbor property could result in more people fishing in the area thus increasing the potential human exposure to PCBs in fish unless PCB concentrations in fish in the harbor decrease. Following the recommendations for Lake Michigan in the Illinois Fish Advisory will reduce the risk of adverse health effects for those persons who eat fish caught in Waukegan Harbor.
Contaminated sediment of Waukegan Harbor poses no apparent public health hazard because it covered by 12-25 feet of water, and direct human exposure is considered negligible. This sediment is apparently the primary source of the PCBs that bioaccumulate in the food chain, including fish, found in the Waukegan Harbor area.
IDPH makes the following recommendations for the OMC site.
When the new housing on the harbor property is completed, IDPH will provide individuals in the area with health education information explaining the PCB contamination in the area and the Illinois Fish Advisory. These materials will be provided in English and in other languages, as appropriate.
Thomas A. Baughman, Ph.D.
Environmental Toxicologist
Illinois Department of Public Health
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 2000. Toxicological profile for polychlorinated biphenyls. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed May and June 2003. Available from: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp17.html.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 1989. Preliminary health assessment for Outboard Marine Corporation, Waukegan, Illinois. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 1994. Public health assessment for Outboard Marine Corporation, Waukegan, Illinois. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 1998. Site review and update for Outboard Marine Corporation. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services.
City of Waukegan. 2003. WaukeganVision.com. Accessed October 2003. Available from:
http://www.waukeganvision.com/DraftPrinciples/DefaultJune23.asp .
Illinois Department of Public Health. 2004. Illinois Fish Advisory Web Site.
http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/fishadv/fishadvisory04.htm . Accessed April 14, 2004.
Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. 1997-2001. Illinois EPA DWPC monitoring unit laboratory sheets, fish tissue samples.
Tilden J, Hanrahan LP, Anderson H, Palit C, Olson J, MacKenzie W, and the Great Lakes Sport Fish Consortium. 1997. Health advisories for consumers of Great Lakes sport fish: Is the message being received? Environ Health Perspect 105:1360-5.
US Army Corps of Engineers. 1986. Site selection study: Waukegan Harbor, Illinois, Confined Dredged Disposal Facility. US Army Corps of Engineers.
US Army Corps of Engineers. 2001. Contaminant determination for Waukegan Harbor advanced
maintenance area dredging and open water disposal. US Army Corps of Engineers. Accessed
May 14, 2003. Available from: http://www.lrc.usace.army.mil/topics/Wauktest.htm .
US Environmental Protection Agency. 1997. Exposure factors handbook volume II: food ingestion factors. EPA/600/P-95-002Fb. US Environmental Protection Agency. August.
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2002a. Five-year review report: second five-year review
report for Outboard Marine Corporation Superfund Site, Waukegan, Lake County, IL.
September. Accessed April 2003. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/R5Super/fiveyear/reviews_pdf/illinois/outboard_marine.pdf .
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2002b. Evaluation of the toxicity and bioaccumulation of
contaminants in sediments from Waukegan Harbor, Illinois. August 1. Accessed May 2003.
Available from: <http://www.epa.gov/grtlakes/sediment/waukegan/whrpt.pdf ;
http://www.epa.gov/grtlakes/sediment/waukegan/appendix.pdf ; and
http://www.epa.gov/grtlakes/sediment/waukegan/table.pdf .
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2002c. Outboard Marine Corporation, Waukegan, Lake County, Illinois: Discovery site visit report. Prepared by Tetra Tech EM, Inc. May 10.
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2003a. Great Lakes: Waukegan Harbor area of concern.
Accessed May 14, 2003. Available from: http://www.epa.gov/grtlakes/aoc/waukegan.html .
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2003b. NPL fact sheets for Illinois: Outboard Marine
Corp., EPA ID#ILD000802827. January. Accessed May 14, 2003. Available at:
http://www.epa.gov/R5Super/npl/illinois/ILD000802827.htm .
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2003c. NPL fact sheets for Illinois: Yeoman Creek
Landfill, EPA ID#ILD980500102. January. Accessed June 27, 2003. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/R5Super/npl/illinois/ILD980500102.htm .
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2003d. Waukegan Harbor sediment data, collected January 2003.
US Environmental Protection Agency. 2003e. January 23 Action Memorandum: Request for a [sic] emergency removal action at the Outboard Marine (OMC) Site, Waukegan, Lake County, IL, Site ID# 0528. US Environmental Protection Agency.
The Illinois Department of Public Health prepared this Outboard Marine Corporation site health consultation under a cooperative agreement with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). It was done in accordance with methods and procedures approved at the time the health consultation was begun.
W. Allen Robison
Technical Project Officer
Superfund Site Assessment Branch (SAAB)
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation (DHAC)
ATSDR
The Division of Health Assessment and Consultation, ATSDR, has reviewed this health consultation and concurs with its findings.
Gail D. Godfrey
for Roberta Erlwein
Team Leader, State Programs
SSAB, DHAC, ATSDR
Table 1. Concentrations of PCBs in the sediments of Waukegan Harbor, April 17-19, 1996. Locations WH-01 through WH-19 are shown in Figure 3 (USEPA 2002b).
| Location | PCB Concentration (ppm*) |
| WH-01 | 2.3 |
| WH-02 | 1.8 |
| WH-03 | 0.24 |
| WH-06 | 1.10 |
| WH-07 | 4.70 |
| WH-10 | 2.40 |
| WH-11 | 1.20-1.30 |
| WH-12 | 4.60 |
| WH-13 | 2.40 |
| WH-14 | 1.90 |
| WH-17 | 1.90 |
| WH-18 | 0.91 |
| WH-19 | 0.91 |
*ppm = parts per million
Table 2. Concentrations of PCBs in the sediments
of Waukegan Harbor, January 2003. Sampling locations are given in Figures 3
and 4 (USEPA 2003d).
| Location | Depth Below Sediment Surface (inches) | Concentration (ppm) |
| About 800 feet offshore from Waukegan Harbor | ||
| 1 | 0-18 | 0.0459 |
| 1 | 18-36 | 0.100 |
| 1 | 204-224 | N.D. |
| Outer Harbor | ||
| 2 | 0-19 | N.D. |
| 2 | 19-34 | 0.0481 |
| 2 | 112-124 | N.D. |
| 3 | 0-12 | 0.152 |
| 3 | 12-14 | 0.165 |
| 3 | 66-69 | N.D. |
| Entrance Channel | ||
| 4 | 0-20 | 0.385 |
| 4 | 20-40 | 0.0538 |
| 4 | 125-138 | N.D. |
| 5 | 0-18 | 0.878 |
| 5 | 18-36 | 9.34 |
| 5 | 126-144 | N.D. |
| 6 | 0-18 | 1.69 |
| 6 | 18-34 | 2.70 |
| 6 | 116-132 | N.D. |
| Inner Harbor | ||
| 7 | 0-21 | 13.9 |
| 7 | 27-40 | 5.45 |
| 7 | 40-49 | 0.0277 |
| 8 | 0-9 | 7.25 |
| 8 | 13-25 | N.D. |
| 9 | 0-42 | 29.8 |
| 9 | 48-58 | 23.1 |
| 9 | 58-64 | 0.197 |
| Inner Harbor Extension | ||
| 10 | 0-4 | 1.43 |
| 10 | 6-18 | 0.0923 |
| Inner Harbor Extension | ||
| 10 | 0-4 | 1.43 |
| 10 | 6-18 | 0.0923 |
| 11 | 0-2 | 0.946 |
| 11 | 2-16 | N.D. |
| 12 | 0-12 | 0.0384 |
| North Harbor | ||
| 13 | 4-6 | 0.169 |
| 14 | 0-1 | 6.56 |
| 14 | 6-12 | N.D. |
| 15 | 0-4 | 2.16 |
| 15 | 6-10 | N.D. |
| Marina | ||
| 16 | 0-6 | 0.761 |
| 16 | 6-12 | 0.0488 |
| 16 | 22-30 | N.D. |
ppm = parts per million.
N.D. = not detected.
Table 3. Range of PCB concentrations in
filets of fish from Waukegan Harbor and the Southern Harbor, 1997-2001 (Illinois
EPA 1997-2001). All concentrations are in parts per million.
| Year | Location | Carp | Chinook Salmon | Coho Salmon | Rainbow Trout | Brown Trout | Lake Trout | Smallmouth Bass | Largemouth Bass | White Sucker | FDA Action Level |
| 1997 | Offshore Waukegan Harbor | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.32-1.8 | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 1997 | Southern Harbor | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 1997 | Waukegan Harbor | 1.7-9.2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 1998 | Southern Harbor | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 1998 | Waukegan Harbor | 4.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.2 | -- | 2.0 |
| 1999 | Southern Harbor | -- | 0.42 | 0.63-0.73 | 0.48-0.73 | 0.63-1.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 1999 | Southern Harbor and Diversey (Cook County composite) | -- | 0.25-0.68 | 0.58 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 1999 | Southern Harbor and North Point Marina Harbor (composite) | -- | -- | -- | 0.82 | 0.63-1.2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 1999 | Southern Harbor and Jackson Harbor | -- | -- | -- | 0.89 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 1999 | Calumet Harbor | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.35 | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 1999 | Waukegan Harbor | 0.29-64 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.41-0.90 | 0.73 | 2.0 |
| 1999 | Lake Michigan East of Waukegan Harbor, 75 ft.-126 ft. depths | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.49-2.0 | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 2000 | Southern Harbor | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 2000 | Waukegan Harbor | N.D.-40 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 2001 | Southern Harbor | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 2001 | Waukegan Harbor | 0.90-15 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
| 2001 | Lake Michigan Harbors, unspecified | -- | -- | -- | 0.24 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 |
-- = data not available
FDA = US Food and Drug Administration.
Figure 1. Approximate Location of Waukegan Harbor
Figure 3. Location of Sampling Stations in Waukegan Harbor, IL.
Figure 4. 2003 Waukegan Harbor Sampling Locations
