RMRS - Shrub Sciences Laboratory

Anderson, D. C. 1976. The cyptogamic flora of desert soil crusts in southern Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 47 p. M. S. thesis

Anderson, D. C.; Rushforth, S. R. 1976. The cryptogam flora of desert soil crusts in southern Utah, U. S. A. Nova Hedwigia. 28: 691-721

Blauer, A. C.; Plummer, A. P. ; McArthur, E. D.; Stevens, R.; Guinta, B. C. 1976. Characteristics and hybridization of important Intermountain shrubs. II. Chenopod family. Res. Pap. INT-177. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 42 p

Davis, J. N. 1976. Ecological investigations in Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. Communites of Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 56 p. M.S. thesis

Green, J. S. 1976. Influence of a dry wash habitat on distribution and movement of heteromyid rodents. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 27 p. M.S. thesis

Monsen, S. B.; Christensen, D. R. 1976. Woody plants for rehabilitating rangelands in the Intermountain region. In: Stutz, H. C., ed. Proceedings: symposium and worksho p. 1975 November 6; Provo, UT. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University, College of Biology and Agriculture: 72-119

Plummer, A. P. 1976. Shrubs for the subalpine zone of the Wasatch Plateau. In: Zuck, R. H.; Brown, L. F., eds. Proceedings of High Altitude Revegetation Workshop Number 2. Ft. Collins, CO: Colorado State University: 33-40

Pope, C. L. 1976. A phylogenetic study of the suffrutescent shrubs in the genus Atriplex. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 277 p. Ph. D. dissertation

Vickery, R. K., Jr.; Eldredge, F. A.; McArthur, E. D. 1976. Cytogenetic patterns of evolutionary divergence in the Mimulus glabratus complex. American Midland Naturalist. 95: 377-389.

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1977

Barker, P. A. 1977. A colorful mountaineer. Mountainwest. 3(4): 22, 25.

Barker, P. A. 1977. Planting strips in street rights-of-way: a key public land resource. In: Andresen, J. W., eds. Trees and forests for human settlements. Toronto, Ontario: University of Toronto Press: 263-274.Deacon, J. M. 1977. Partitioning of space and time by the western jumping mouse, Zapus princeps utahensis Hall. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 24 p. M.S. thesis.

Freeman, D. C. 1977. Plant dioecy: ecology, evolution, and sex reversal. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 58 p. Ph.D. dissertation.McArthur, E. D. 1977. Environmental induced changes of sex expression in Atriplex canescens. Heredity. 38: 97-103.

McArthur, E. D.; Pope, C. L. 1977. Compositae p. 108-109, In: Löve, A. IOPB chromosome number reports. L. V. Taxon. 26: 107-109.McArthur, L. B. 1977. Utilization of nest boxes by birds in three vegetational communities with special reference to the American kestrel (Falco sparverius). Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 44 p. M.S. thesis.

Plummer, A. P. 1977. Revegetation of disturbed Intermountain area sites. In: Thames, J. L., ed. Reclamation and use of disturbed land in the Southwest. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press: 302-339.

Plummer, A. P. ; Monsen, S. B. 1977. Backpack seed collection. In: 31st Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation and Equipment Worksho p. 1977 February 13-14; Portland, OR. Washington. DC: U. S. Government Printing Office: 9-14.

Plummer, A. P. ; Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R. 1977. Intermountain range plant names and symbols. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-38. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 82 p.

Pope, C. L.; McArthur, E. D. Chenopodiaceae p. 109, In: Löve, A. IOPB chromosome number reports. L. V. Taxon. 26: 107-109.Shepard, D. 1977. Prediction of sagebrush/grass biomass from growth ring analysis. Reno, NV: University of Nevada-Reno. 52 p. M.S. thesis.

Stevens, R.; Giunta, B. C.; Jorgensen, K. R.; Plummer, A. P. 1977. Winterfat (Ceratoides lanata). Publication 77-2. Salt Lake City, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. 41 p.Welch, B. L.; Andrus, D. 1977. Rose hips-a possible high-energy food for wintering mule deer. Res. Note INT-221. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 6 p.

1978

Anderson, D. C. 1978. Cryptogamic soil crusts: factors influencing their development in Utah deserts and their recovery from grazing on Utah winter ranges. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 79 p. Ph.D. dissertation.

Buchanan, B. B.; Harper, K. T.; Frischknecht, N. C. 1978. Allelopathic effects of bur buttercup tissue on germination and growth of various grasses and forbs in vitro and in soil. Great Basin Naturalist. 38: 90-96.

Everett, R. L.; Meeuwig, R. O.; Stevens, R. 1978. Deer mouse preference for seed of commonly planted species, indigenous weed species, and sacrifice foods. Journal of Range Management. 31: 70-73.

Frischknecht, N. C. 1978a. Effects of grazing, climate, fire, and other disturbances on long-term productivity of sagebrush-grass ranges. In: Hyder, D. N., ed. Proceedings of the First International Rangeland Congress; 1978 August 14-18; Denver, CO. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 633-635.

Frischknecht, N. C. 1978b. Use of shrubs for mined land reclamation and wildlife habitat. In: Proceedings of Workshop on Reclamation for Wildlife Habitat. Ft. Collins, CO: Ecology Consultants: 1-14.

Giunta, B. C.; Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. R.; Plummer, A. P. 1978. Antelope bitterbrush-an important wildland shrub. Pub. 78-12. Salt Lake City, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. 48 p.

Gutierrrez-G., J. S. 1978. Potential for cattle grazing on sheep range in southwest Utah. Logan, UT: Utah State University. 79 p. M. S. thesis.

McArthur, E. D.; Hanks, D. L.; Plummer, A. P. ; Blauer, A. C. 1978a. Contributions to the taxonomy of Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Astereae, Compositae) and other Chrysothamnus species using paper chromatography. Journal of Range Management. 31: 216-223.

McArthur, E. D.; Plummer, A. P. 1978. Biogeography and management of native western shrubs: a case study, section Tridentatae of Artemisia. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs. 2: 229-243.

McArthur, E. D.; Plummer, A. P. ; Davis, J. N. 1978b. Rehabilitation of game range in the salt desert. In: J.son, K. L., ed. Wyoming shrublands, proceedings of the seventh Wyoming Shrub Ecology Workshop; 1978 May 31 - June 1; Rock Springs, WY. Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming Agricultural Extension Service: 23-50.

McArthur, E. D.; Plummer, A. P. ; Van Epps, G. A.; Freeman, D. C.; Jorgensen, K. R. 1978c. Producing fourwing saltbush in seed orchards. In: Hyder, D. N., ed. Proceedings of the First International Rangeland Congress; 1978 August 14-18; Denver, CO. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 406-410.

Moden, W. L., Jr.; McKenzie, D. W.; Stevens, R. 1978. Interseeder for rocky and brushy terrain, a progress report. ED&T Project No. 2582. San Dimas, CA: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Equipment Development Center. 8 p.

Monsen, S. B. 1978. Report of field trials with the scarifier/seeder. In: 32nd Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation and Equipment Workshop; 1978 February 5-6; San Antonio, TX. Washington. DC: U. S. Government Printing Office: 17-19.

Monsen, S. B.; Plummer, A. P. 1978. Plants and treatment for revegetation of disturbed sites in the Intermountain area. In: Wright, R. A., ed. The reclamation of disturbed arid lands. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press: 155-173.

Norton, B. E. 1978. The impact of sheep grazing on long-term successional trends in salt-desert shrub vegetation of southwestern Utah. In: Hyder, D. N., ed. Proceedings of the First International Rangeland Congress; 1978 August 14-18; Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 610-613.

Plummer, A. P. ; Jorgensen, K. R. 1978. Harvesting, cleaning, and storing seed of western shrubs. In: Nurseryman's conference and seed processing worksho p. 1978 October; Eureka, CA. Eureka, CA: Western Forest Nursery Council and Intermountain Nurseryman's Association: D65-D76.

Stevens, R. 1978. Interseeder for rocky and brush areas. In: 32nd Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation and Equipment Workshop; 1978 February 5-6; San Antonio, TX. Washington. DC: U. S. Government Printing Office: 6-10.

Tiernan, C. F. 1978. The role of entomology in range management. In: Hyder, D. N., ed. Proceedings of the First International Rangeland Congress; 1978 August 14-18; Denver, CO. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 477-478.

Tiedemann, A. R. 1978. Regional impacts of fire. In: Mooney, H. A.; Bonnicksen, T. M.; Christensen, N. L., technical coordinators. Proceedings of the the conference, fire regimes an ecosystem properties; 1978 December 11-15; Honolulu, HI. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-26. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 532-556.

Van Epps, G. A. 1978. Prototype seed harvester for fourwing saltbush. In: 32nd Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation and Equipment Workshop; 1978 February 5-6; San Antonio, TX. Washington. DC: U. S. Government Printing Office: 13-14.

Van Epps, G. A.; McKell, C. M. 1978. Major procedures for selecting and establishing range shrubs as rehabilitators of disturbed lands. In: Hyder, D. N., ed. Proceedings of the First International Rangeland Congress; 1978 August 14-18; Denver, CO. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 352-354.

Vickery, R. K., Jr.; McArthur, E. D.; Purcell, S. p. 1978. Scrophulariaceae. p. 223, In: Löve, A. IOPB chromosome number reports. L. V. Taxon. 27: 223-231.

Welch, B. L. 1978. Relationships of soil salinity, ash, and crude protein in Atriplex canescens. Journal of Range Management. 31: 132-133.

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1979

Chambers, J. C. 1979. The effects of grazing on salt desert shrub species survival during a period of below-average precipitation. Logan, UT: Utah State University. 101 p. M.S. thesis.

Clary, W. P. 1979. Variation in leaf anatomy and CO2 assimilation in Sitanion hysterix ecotypes. Great Basin Naturalist. 39: 427-432.

Clary, W. P. ; Kruse, W. H. 1979. Phenology and rate of height growth of some forbs in the southwestern ponderosa pine type. Res. Note RM-376. Ft. Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 8 p.

Frischknecht, N. C. 1979. Biological methods: a tool for sagebrush management. In: The Sagebrush Ecosystem, A symposium; 1978 April 27-28; Logan, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University College of Natural Resources: 121-128.

Frischknecht, N. C.; Ferguson, R. B. 1979. Revegetating processed oil shale and coal spoils on semi-arid lands. EPA-600/7-79-068. Cincinnati, OH: U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory. 47 p.

Jorgensen, K. R. 1979. Air amplifier seed collector. In: 33rd Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation & Equipment Workshop, 1979 February 11-12, Casper, WY. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office: 17-18.

McArthur, E. D. 1979. Sagebrush systematics and evolution. In: The Sagebrush Ecosystem, A symposium; 1978 April 27-28; Logan, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University College of Natural Resources: 14-22.

McArthur, E. D.; Blauer, A. C.; Plummer, A. P. ; Stevens. R. 1979a. Characteristics and hybridization of important Intermountain shrubs. III. Sunflower family. Res. Pap. INT-220. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 82 p.

McArthur, E. D.; Pope, C. L. 1979. Karyotypes of four Artemisia species: A. carruthii, A. filifolia, A. frigida, and A. spinescens. Great Basin Naturalist. 39: 419-426.

McArthur, E. D.; Tiernan, C. F.; Welch, B. L. 1979b. Subspecies specificity of gall forms on Chrysothamnus nauseosus. Great Basin Naturalist. 39: 81-87.

Monsen, S. B. 1979a. Air amplifier seed collector trials. In: 33rd Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation & Equipment Workshop, 1979 February 11-12, Casper, WY. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office: 18-20.

Monsen, S. B. 1979b. Rangeland interseeder field trials. In: 33rd Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation & Equipment Workshop, 1979 February 11-12, Casper, WY. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office: 24-26.

Rinschede, G. 1979. Veränderung der Natürlichen Vegetation durch Beweidung in den Westlichen U.S.A. (Change of natural vegetation by grazing in the western U.S.A.) Münster, Germany: Universität Munster. 283 p. Ph.D. dissertation.

Stevens, R. 1979a. Interseeder for rangelands. In: 33rd Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation & Equipment Workshop, 1979 February 11-12, Casper, WY. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office: 22-24.

Stevens, R. 1979b. Tree transplanter for transplanting shrubs into rangelands. In: 33rd Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation & Equipment Workshop, 1979 February 11-12, Casper, WY. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office: 26-29.

Stevens, R.; Moden, W. L., Jr. 1979. Interseeding and planting of forbs and shrubs in desert regions. Paper 79-408. St. Joseph, MO: American Society of Agricultural Engineers. 8 p.

Stutz, H. C., Pope, C. L.; Sanderson, S. C. 1979. Evolutionary studies of Atriplex: adaptative products from the natural hybrid, 6n A. tridentata x 4n A. canescens. American Journal of Botany. 66: 1181-1193.

Welch, B. L.; McArthur, E. D. 1979a. Feasibility of improving big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) for use on mule deer winter ranges. In: Goodin, J. R.; Northington, D. K., eds. Arid land plant resources. Lubbock, TX: International Center for Arid and Semiarid Land Studies, Texas Tech University: 451-473.

Welch, B. L.; McArthur, E. D. 1979b. Variation in winter levels of crude protein among Artemisia tridentata subspecies grown in a uniform garden. Journal of Range Management. 32: 467-469.

West, N. E. 1979. Survival patterns of major perennials in salt desert shrub communities of southwestern Utah. Journal of Range Management. 32: 442-445.

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1980

Cluff, L. K. 1980. Concentration of monoterpenoids in the rumen ingesta of wild mule deer. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 16 p. M. S. thesis.

Dewey, D. R.; Plummer, A. P. 1980. New collections of range plants from the Soviet Union. Journal of Range Management. 33: 89-94.

Ferguson, R. B. 1980. Potting media for Atriplex production under greenhouse conditions. Res. Note INT-301. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 7 p.

Harberd, D. J.; McArthur, E. D. 1980. Meiotic analysis of some species and genus hybrids in the Brassiceae. In: Tsunoda, S; Hinata, K.; Gomez-Campo, C., eds. Brassica crops and wild allies: biology and breeding. Tokyo, Japan: Japan Scientific Societies Press: 65-87.

H., C. G.; Jorgensen, K. R. 1980. 'APPAR' Lewis flax (Linum lewisii, Pursh.) description, adaptation, use, culture, mangement, and seed production. Aberdeen, ID: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Aberdeen Plant Materials Center. 6 p.

Jorgensen, C. D.; Smith, H. D.; Garcia, J. R. 1980. Temporal activity patterns of a Dipodomys ordii population. Great Basin Naturalist. 40: 282-286.

Leonard, R. L. 1980. Electrophoresis of isoenzymes of 16 western shrubs: technique development. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 30 p. M.S. thesis.

Medin, D. E.; Ferguson, R. E. 1980. A pilot planting trial on a southwestern Idaho deer winter range. Res. Pap. INT-261. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 13 p.

McKenzie, D. W.; Stevens, R.; Moden, W. L., Jr. 1980. Development of a rangeland interseeder for rocky or brushy terrain. Pap. 80-1552. St. Joseph, MO: American Society of Agricultural Engineers. 7 p.

Smith, A. D.; Beale, D. M. 1980. Pronghorn antelope in Utah: some research and observations. Publication 80-13. Salt Lake City, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. 88 p.

Tiedemann, A. R.; Lopushinsky, W.; Larsen, H. J., Jr. 1980. Plant and soil responses to a commercial blue-green algae inoculant. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 12: 471-475.

Tiernan, C. 1980. Bugs are fun! Instructor. 89(8): 92-93.

Wagstaff, F. J. 1980. Impact of the 1975 Wallsburg fire on antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata). Great Basin Naturalist. 40: 299-302.

White, S. M. 1980. Interactions of pygmy rabbits and big sagebrush. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 37 p. M.S. thesis.

1981

Barker, J. R. 1981. Genetic differences between large and small Artemisia tridentata plants in contiguous populations. Logan, UT: Utah State University. 113 p. Ph.D dissertation.

Clary, W. P. 1981. Grazing, natural resource policy, and the biosphere reserves. In: Ffolliott, p. F; Halffter, G. tech. coords. Proceedings, Social and Environmental Consequences of Natural Resources Policies with Special Emphasis on Biosphere Reserves; 1980 April 8-13; Durango, Mexico. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-88. Ft. Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 21-23.

Clary, W. P. ; Holmgren, R. C. 1981. Observations of pronghorn distribution in relation to sheep grazing on the Desert Experimental Range. In: Proceedings of the Wildlife-Livestock Relationships Symposium; 1981 April 20-22; Coeur d'Alene, ID. Moscow, ID: University of Idaho Forest, Wildlife, and Range Experiment Station: 581-592.

Clary, W. P. ; Jameson, D. A. 1981. Herbage production following tree and shrub removal in the pinyon-juniper type of Arizona. Journal of Range Management. 34: 109-115.

Clary, W. P. ; Jensen, C. E. 1981. Mathematical hypothesis for herbage production potential on pinyon-juniper areas. Res. Pap. INT-279. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountian Forest and Range Experiment Station. 8 p.

Everett, R. L.; Stevens, R. 1981. Deer mouse consumption of bitterbrush seed treated with four repellents. Journal of Range Management 34: 393-396.

Ferguson, R. B.; Frischknecht, N. C. 1981. Shrub establishment on reconstructed soils in semi-arid areas. In: Stelter, L. H.; DePuit, E. J.; Mikol, S. A., technical coordinators. Shrub Establishment on Disturbed Arid and Semi-arid Lands; 1980 December 2-3; Laramie, WY. Cheyenne, WY: Wyoming Game and Fish Department: 57-63.

Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1981. A comparison of twig water stress between males and females of six species of desert shrubs. Forest Science. 28: 304-308.

Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Harper, K. T.; Blauer, A. C. 1981. Influence of environment on the floral sex ratio of monoecious plants. Evolution. 35: 194-197.

Frischknecht, N. C. 1981. Double-frequency sampling for inventorying vegetation on salt desert ranges. In: Arid Land Resource Inventories: Developing Cost Efficient Methods; 1980, November 30 - December 6; La Paz, Mexico. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-28. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 435-440.

Goodrich, S. 1981. A floristic study of central Nevada. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 400 p. M. S. thesis.

Goodrich, S.; Neese, E; Peteron, J. S.; England, L. 1981. Vascular plants of the Uinta Basin-a preliminary checklist. BLM-YA-PT-040-4412. Salt Lake City, UT: U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office. 58 p.

Halffter, G.; Ffolliott, p. F.; Clary, W. P. 1981. Visits to Mapimi and La Machila Biosphere Reserves. In: Ffolliott, p. F; Halffter, G. technical coordinators. Proceedings, Social and Environmental Consequences of Natural Resources Policies with Special Emphasis on Biosphere Reserves; 1980 April 8-13; Durango, Mexico. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-88. Ft. Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 52-53.

Harvey, S. J. 1981. Life history and reproductive strategies in Artemisia. Bozeman, MT: Montana State University. 132 p. M. S. thesis.

Leonard, R. L.; McArthur, E. D.; Weber, D. J.; Wood, B. W. 1981. Electrophoresis of of isoenzymes of 16 western shrubs: technique development. Great Basin Naturalist. 41: 377-389.

McArthur, E. D. 1981. Shrub selection and adaptation for rehabilitation plantings. In: Stelter, L. H.; DePuit, E. J.; Mikol, S. A., tech. coords. Shrub Establishment on Disturbed Arid and Semi-arid Lands; 1980 December 2-3; Laramie, WY. Cheyenne, WY: Wyoming Game and Fish Department: 1-8.

McArthur, E. D.; Pope, C. L.; Freeman, D. C. 1981. Chromosomal studies of subgenus Tridentatae of Artemisia: evidence for autopolyploidy. American Journal of Botany. 68: 589-605.

Nelson, D. L.; Krebill, R. G. 1981. A sagebrush wilt disease of unknown cause. Great Basin Naturalist. 41: 184-191.

Pendleton, R. L. 1981. Sudies on the occurance of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae: examination of natural and disturbed comminties of Utah and the Colorado Roan Plateau. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 45 p. M. S. thesis.

Robinove, C. J.; Chavez, p. S., Jr.; Gehring, D.; Holmgren, R. H. 1981. Arid land monitoring using landsat albedo difference images. Remote Sensing of Environment. 11: 133-156.

Stevens, R. 1981. Techniques for planting shrubs on wildland disturbances. . In: Stelter, L. H.; DePuit, E. J.; Mikol, S. A., tech. coords. Shrub Establishment on Disturbed Arid and Semi-arid Lands; 1980 December 2-3; Laramie, WY. Cheyenne, WY: Wyoming Game and Fish Department: 26-36.

Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. R.; Davis, J. N. 1981a. Viability of seed from thirty-two shrub and forb species through fifteen years of warehouse storage. Great Basin Naturalist. 42: 274-277.

Stevens, R., Moden, W. L., Jr.; McKenzie, D. W. 1981b. Interseeding and transplanting shrubs and forbs into grass communities. Rangelands. 3: 55-58.

Tiedemann, A. R. 1981. Stream chemistry, nutrient economy, and site productivity consequences wildland management and wildfire. In: Baumartner, D. M, ed. Proceedings of a Symposium, Interior West Watershed Management; 1981 April 8-10; Spokane, WA. Pullman, WA: Washington State University: 183-201.

Welch, B. L. 1981. Nutritive value of big sagebrush and other shrubs. In: Stelter, L. H.; DePuit, E. J.; Mikol, S. A., tech. coords. Shrub Establishment on Disturbed Arid and Semi-arid Lands; 1980 December 2-3; Laramie, WY. Cheyenne, WY: Wyoming Game and Fish Department: 9-22.

Welch, B. L.; McArthur, E. D. 1981. Variation of monoterpenoid content among subspecies and accessions of Artemisia tridentata grown in a uniform garden. Journal of Range Management. 34: 380-384.

Welch, B. L.; McArthur, E. D.; Davis, J. N. 1981. Differential preference of wintering mule deer for accessions of big sagebrush and for black sagebrush. Journal of Range Management. 34: 409-411.

Welch, B. L.; Monsen, S. B. 1981. Winter crude protein among accessions of fourwing saltbush grown in a uniform garden. Great Basin Naturalist. 41: 343-346.

Welch, B. L.; Pederson, J. C. 1981. In vitro digestibility among accessions of big sagebrush by wild mule deer and its relationship to monoterpenoid content. Journal of Range Management. 34: 497-500.

Welsh, S. L.; Atwood, N. D.; Goodrich, S.; Neese, E.; Thorne, K. H.; Albee, B. 1981. Preliminary index of Utah vascular plant names. Great Basin Naturalist. 41: 1-108.

White, S. M.; Welch, B. L. 1981. Paired comparisons; a method for ranking mule deer preference for various browse species. Res. Note INT-308. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 4 p.

Woodward, R. A. 1981. An ecological consideration of the significance of cation exchange capacity of roots of some Utah range plants. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 29 p. M.S. thesis.

Young, J. A.; Evans, R. A.; Stevens, R.; Everett, R. L. 1981. Germination of Kochia prostrata seed. Agronomy Journal 73: 957-961.

1982

Anderson, D. C.; Harper, K. T.; Holmgren, R. C. 1982a. Factors influencing development of cryptogamic soil crusts in Utah deserts. Journal of Range Management. 35: 180-185.

Anderson, D. C.; Harper, K. T.; Rushforth, S. R. 1982b. Recovery of cryptogamic soil crusts from grazing on Utah winter ranges. Journal of Range Management. 35: 355-359.

Blaisdell, J. P. ; Murray, R. B.; McArthur, E. D. 1982. Managing Intermountain rangelands-sagebrush-grass ranges. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-134. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 41 p.

Cedarleaf, J. D. 1982. Seasonal vriation of monoterpenoids in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata). Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 15 p. M. S. thesis.

Clary, W. P. ; Holmgren, R. C. 1982. Desert Experimental Range: establishment and research contribution. Rangelands. 4: 261-264.

Cluff, L. K.; Welch, B. L.; Pederson, J. C.; Brotherson, J. D. 1981. Concentration of monoterpenoids in the rumen ingesta of wild mule deer. Journal of Range Management. 35: 192-194.

Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1982. A comparison of water stress between males and females of four species of desert shrubs. Forest Science. 28: 304-308.

Goodrich, S.; Lewis, M. F. 1982. Noteworthy collections: Carex microglochin, C. parryana, Epilobium nevadense, and Kobresia simpliciuscula. Madroño. 29: 57-61.

McArthur, E. D.; Freeman, D. C. 1982. Sex expression in Atriplex canescens: genetics and environment. Botanical Gazette. 143: 476-482.

McArthur, E. D.; Hassell, W. G.; Stevens, R.; Davis, J. N.; Stranathan, S. E.; Noller, G. L.; Tiedemann, A. R.; Goodrich, S. K. 1982. Notice of naming and release of 'Rincon' fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) for wildlife and livestock range and disturbed land reclamation. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 5 p.

McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L. 1982. Growth rate differences among big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) accessions and subspecies. Journal of Range Management. 35: 396-401.

Moore, T. B.; Stevens, R.; McArthur, E. D. 1982. Preliminary study of some insects associated with rangeland shrubs with emphasis on Kochia prostrata. Journal of Range Management. 35: 128-130.

Nelson, D. L. 1982. Phalacropsis dispar (Coleoptera: Palaacridae) an element in the natural control of native pine stem rust fungi in the western United States. Great Basin Naturalist. 42: 369-379.

Nelson, D. L.; Krebill, R. G. 1982. Occurrence and effect of Chrusomyxa pirolata cone rust on Picea pungens in Utah. Great Basin Naturalist. 42: 262-272.

Pederson, J. C.; Welch, B. L. 1982. Effects of monoterpenoid exposure on ability of rumen inocula to digest a set of forages. Journal of Range Management. 35: 500-502.

U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1982. Wildlife user guide for mining and reclamation. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-126. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 77 p.

Skousen, J. G. 1982. Evaluation of pinyon-juniper chainings for big game in central Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 74 p. M.S. thesis.

Welch, B. L.; Narjisse, H.; McArthur, E. D. 1982. Artemisia tridentata monoterpenoid effect on ruminant digestion and forage selection. In: Margaris, N.; Koedam, A.; Volou, C., eds. Aromatic plants: basic and applied aspects. The Hague, Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers: 73-86.

White, S. M.; Flinders, J. T.; Welch, B. L. 1982a. Preference of pygmy rabbits, Brachylagus idahoensis, for various populations of big sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata. Journal of Range Management. 35: 724-726.

White, S. M.; Welch, B. L.; Flinders, J. T. 1982b. Monoterpenoid content of pygmy rabbit stomach ingesta. Journal of Range Management. 35: 107-109.

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1983

Cedarleaf, J. D.; Welch, B. L.; Brotherson, J. D. 1983. Seasonal variation of monoterpenoids in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata). Journal of Range Management. 36: 492-494.

Clark, R. A. 1983. The influence of envirmental stress on male and female functions in two dioecious shrubs of Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 31 p. M. S. thesis.

Clary, W. P. 1983a. Interfacing physical data and economics. In: Wagstaff, F. J., com p. Proceedings-Range Economics Symposium and Workshop; 1982 August 31-September 2; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-149. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 115-119.

Clary, W. P. 1983b. Overstory-understory relationships: spruce-fir forests. In: Overstory-understory relationships in western forests. Western Regional Res. Pub. 1. Ft. Collins, CO: Colorado State University, Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station: 9-12.

Clary, W. P. ; Beale, D. M. 1983. Pronghorn reactions to winter sheep grazing, plant communities, and topography in the Great Basin. Journal of Range Management. 36: 749-752.

Clary, W. P. ; J.son, T. J. 1983. Land imprinter results in Utah. In: Vegetative Rehabilitation and Equipment Workshop, 37th annual report. 1983 February 13-14, Albuquerque, NM. Missoula, MT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Equipment Development Center: 23-24.

Davis, J. N. 1983. Performance comparision among populations of bitterbrush, cliffrose, and bitterbrush-cliffrose crosses on study sites throughout Utah. In: Tiedeman, A. R; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings: Research and Management of Bitterbrush and Cliffrose in Western North America; 1982 April 13-15; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-152. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 38-44.

Ferguson, R. B. 1983. Use of rosaceous shrubs for wildland plantings in the Intermountain west. In: Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N., comps. Managing Intermountain Rangelands-Improvement of Range and Wildlife Habitats: Proceedings of a Symposium; 1981 September 15-17; Twin Falls, ID; 1982 June 22-24; Elko, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-157. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 136-149.

Ferguson, R. B.; Frischknecht, N. C. 1983. Revegetating processed oil shale in the upper mountain brush zone of Colorado. Res. Pap. INT-321. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 9 p.

Ferguson, R. B.; Medin, D. E. 1983. Long-term changes in an ungrazed bitterbrush plant community in southwest Idaho. In: Tiedeman, A. R; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings: Research and Management of Bitterbrush and Cliffrose in Western North America; 1982 April 13-15; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-152. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 107-116.

Ffolliott, p. F.; Clary, W. P. 1983. An annotated bibliography of understory-overstory vegetation relationships. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-136. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 39 p.

Frank, C. T. 1983. Photosysnthesis and growth of different accessions of big sagebrush. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 22 p. M. S. thesis.

Frischknecht, N. C. 1983. Plants adapted to summer rangelands. In: Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N., comps. Managing Intermountain Rangelands-Improvement of Range and Wildlife Habitats: Proceedings of a Symposium. 1981 September 15-17, Twin Falls, ID; 1982 June 22-24, Elko, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-157. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 102-107.

Goodrich, S. 1983. Utah flora: Salicaceae. Great Basin Naturalist. 43: 531-550.

Goodrich, S.; Henderson, D.; Chokewa, A. 1983. Noteworthy collections-Idaho, Astragalus gilviflorus and Hackelia davisii. Madroño. 39: 63.

Goodrich, S.; Welsh, S. L. 1983. New variety of Stephanomeria tenuifolia (Compositae) from Utah. Great Basin Naturalist. 43: 375.

Grah, O. J. 1983. Spatial and temporal distribution of infiltration rates on a small subalpine watershed. Logan, UT: Utah State University. 172 p. M.S. thesis.

McArthur, E. D. 1983a. Important shrubs for wildland plantings, Compositae (Asteraceae). In: Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N., comps. Managing Intermountain Rangelands-Improvement of Range and Wildlife Habitats: Proceedings of a Symposium; 1981 September 15-17; Twin Falls, ID; 1982 June 22-24; Elko, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-157. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 150-157.

McArthur, E. D. 1983b. Taxonomy, origin, and distribution of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) and allies (subgenus Tridentatae). In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the First Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop; 1981 September 9-10; Ephraim, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 3-13.

McArthur, E. D.; Hassell, W. D.; Stevens, R. 1983a. Naming and release of 'Rincon' fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) for wildlife and lifevestock range and disturbed land reclamation. Plant Release Notice. Salt Lake City, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Utah State Office. 5 p.

McArthur, E. D.; Stevens, R. 1983. Briefing paper on perennial summer cypress. Tech. Notes, Plant Materials 44. Denver, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 2 p.

McArthur, E. D.; Stevens, R.; Blauer, A. C. 1983b. Growth performance comparisons among 18 accessions of fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) at two sites in central Utah. Journal of Range Management. 36: 78-81.

McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Sanderson, S. C. 1983c. Taxonomy, distribution, and cytogenetics of Purshia, Cowania, and Fallugia (Rosoideae, Rosaceae). In: Tiedeman, A. R; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings: Research and Management of Bitterbrush and Cliffrose in Western North America; 1982 April 13-15; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-152. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 4-24.

Monsen, S. B. 1983. Plants for revegetation of riparian sites within the Intermountain region). In: Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N., comps. Managing Intermountain Rangelands-Improvement of Range and Wildlife Habitats: Proceedings of a Symposium; 1981 September 15-17; Twin Falls, ID; 1982 June 22-24; Elko, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-157. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 83-89.

Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N. 1983a. Benefits of seeding legumes with grasses on western phosphate mine disturbances. In: Robertson, D. J., ed. Reclamation and the Phosphate Industry; 1983, January 26-28; Clearwater Beach, FL. Bartow, FL: Florida Institute of Phosphate Research: 464-478.

Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N., comps. 1983b. Managing Intermountain Rangelands-Improvement of Range and Wildlife Habitats: Proceedings of a Symposium; 1981 September 15-17; Twin Falls, ID; 1982 June 22-24; Elko, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-157. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 194 p.

Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N. 1983c. Reynolds Creek species adaptability plantings. In: Volume II-comprehensive report ARS/BLM cooperative studies: Reynolds Creek Watershed. Boise, ID: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Northwest Watershed Research Center: 5-16-5-27.

Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N. 1983d. Seeding antelope bitterbrush with grasses on south-central Idaho rangelands-a 39-year response. In: Tiedeman, A. R; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings: Research and Management of Bitterbrush and Cliffrose in Western North America; 1982 April 13-15; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-152. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 116-136.

Nelson, D. L. l983. Occurrence and nature of actinorhizae on Cowania stansburiana and other Rosaceae. In: Tiedeman, A. R; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings: Research and Management of Bitterbrush and Cliffrose in Western North America; 1982 April 13-15; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-152. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 225-239.

Nelson, D. L.; Tiernan, C. F. 1983. Winter injury of sagebrush and other wildland shrubs in the western United States. Res. Pap. INT-314. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 17 p.

Pendleton, R. L.; Smith, B. N. 1983. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae of weedy and colonizer plant species at disturbed sites in Utah. Oecologia. 59: 296-301.

Shaw, N.; Monsen, S. B. 1983a. Non-leguminous forbs for rangeland sites. In: Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N., comps. Managing Intermountain Rangelands-Improvement of Range and Wildlife Habitats: Proceedings of a Symposium; 1981 September 15-17; Twin Falls, ID; 1982 June 22-24; Elko, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-157. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 123-131.

Ramsey, R. D. 1983. Influence of tree overstory on understory production and composition in aspen forests of central Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 27 p. M.S. thesis.

Shaw, N. L.; Monsen, S. B. 1983b. Phenology and growth habits of nine antelope bitterbrush, desert bitterbrush, Stansbury cliffrose, and Apache-plume accessions. In: Tiedeman, A. R; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings: Research and Management of Bitterbrush and Cliffrose in Western North America; 1982 April 13-15; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-152. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 55-69.

Stevens, R. 1983a. Selecting species mixtures for optimum habitat development on disturbed land. In: Proceedings of the Third Annual Reclamation Symposium, Native Plants, Inc; 1983 January 10-11; Salt Lake City, UT, Salt Lake City, UT: Native Plants, Inc.: 42-57.

Stevens, R. 1983b. Species adapted for seeding: mountain brush, big, black, and low sagebrush in pinyon-juniper communities. In: Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N., comps. Managing Intermountain Rangelands-Improvement of Range and Wildlife Habitats: Proceedings of a Symposium; 1981 September 15-17; Twin Falls, ID; 1982 June 22-24; Elko, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-157. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 78-82.

Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N.; McArthur, E. D.; James, G.; Davis, G.; Jorgensen, K. R.; Davis, J. N. 1983a. Naming and releasing of 'Ephraim' crested wheatgrass for commercial production and marketing of seed. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 2 p.

Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N.; Welch, B.; James, G.; Jorgensen, K. R.; Davis, J. N. 1983b. Naming and release of 'Paiute' orchardgrass for commercial production and marketing of seed. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 3 p.

Tiedemann, A. R. 1983. Response of bitterbrush and associated plant species to broadcast nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur fertilization. In: Tiedeman, A. R; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings: Research and Management of Bitterbrush and Cliffrose in Western North America; 1982 April 13-15; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-152. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 240-255.

Tiedemann, A. R.; Driver, C. H. 1983. Snow eriogonum, a native half-shrub to revegetate winter game ranges. Reclamation and Revegetation. 2: 31-39.

Tiedemann, A. R.; J.son, K. L., comps. 1983. Proceedings: Research and Management of Bitterbrush and Cliffrose in Western North America; 1982 April 13-15; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-152. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 279 p.

Tiedemann, A. R.; Lopez, C. F. 1983. Soil nutrient assessment of mine spoils. In: Aldon, E. F.; Oaks, W. R., eds. Reclamation of Mined Lands in the Southwest, Proceedings of Symposium; 1982 October 20-22; Albuquerque, NM. Albuquerque, NM: Soil Conservations Service of America, New Mexico Chapter: 66-79.

Wagstaff, F. J. 1983a. Economic incentives for managing quaking aspen in the Mountain West and evaluating proposed improvements of public rangelands. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 40 p. Ph. D. dissertation.

Wagstaff, F. J. 1983b. Economics as a tool for natural rangeland managers. Rangelands. 5: 121-122.

Wagstaff, F. J. 1983c. Evaluating proposed improvements of public rangelands. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-150. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 4 p.

Wagstaff, F. J. 1983d. Externalities caused by multiple use on public rangelands. In: Wagstaff, F. J., com p. Proceedings-Range Economics Symposium and Workshop; 1982 August 31-September 2; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-149. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 82-85.

Wagstaff, F. J., com p. 1983e. Proceedings-Range Economics Symposium and Workshop; 1982 August 31-September 2; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-149. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 151 p.

Welch, B. L. 1983a. Big sagebrush: nutrition, selection, and controversy. In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the First Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop; 1981 September 9-10; Ephraim, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 21-33.

Welch, B. L. 1983b. Improving the nutritive value of winter range forage. In: Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N., comps. Managing Intermountain Rangelands-Improvement of Range and Wildlife Habitats: Proceedings of a Symposium; 1981 September 15-17; Twin Falls, ID; 1982 June 22-24; Elko, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-157. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 158-164.

Welch, B. L.; McArthur, E. D. 1983. Briefing paper on sagebrush values. Tech. Notes, Plant Materials 45. Denver, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 2 p.

Welch, B. L.; McArthur, E. D.; Davis, J. N. 1983a. Mule deer preference and monoterpenoids (essential oils). Journal of Range Management. 36: 485-487.

Welch, B. L.; Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N. L. 1983b. Nutritive value of antelope and desert bitterbrush, Stansbury cliffrose, and Apache-plume. In: Tiedeman, A. R; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings: Research and Management of Bitterbrush and Cliffrose in Western North America; 1982 April 13-15; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-152. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 173-185.

Welch, B. L.; Pederson, J. C.; Clary, W. P. 1983c. Ability of different rumen inocula to digest a set of range forages. Journal of Wildlife Management. 47: 873-877.

1984

Astroth, K. A.; Frischknecht, N. C. 1984. Managing Intermountain rangelands-research on the Benmore Experimental Range, 1940-1984. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-175. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 44 p.

Atwood, N. D.; Goodrich, S.; Welsh, S. L. 1984. New Astragalus (Leguminosae) from Goose Creek drainage, Utah-Nevada. Great Basin Naturalist. 44: 263-264.

Bowden, D. C.; Anderson, A. E.; Medin, D. E. 1984. Sampling plans for mule deer sex and age ratios. Journal of Wildlife Management. 48: 500-509.

Blaisdell, J. P. ; Holmgren, R. C. 1984. Managing Intermountain rangelands-salt-desert shrub ranges. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-163. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 52 p.

Clary, W. P. ; Tiedemann, A. R. 1984. Development of 'Rincon' fourwing saltbush, winterfat and other shrubs form seed following fire. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 273-280.

Davis, J. N.; Welch, B. L. 1984. Seasonal variation in crude protein of Kochia prostrata. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 145-149.

Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1984. The relative influences of mortality, non-flowering, and sex change on the sex ratios of six Atriplex species. Botanical Gazette. 145: 385-394.

Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Harper, K. T. 1984. The adaptative significance of sexual lability in plants using Atriplex canescens as the principal example. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 71: 265-277.

Frischknecht, N. C.; Ferguson, R. B. 1984. Performance of Chenopodiaceae species on processed oil shale. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 293-297.

Goodrich, S. 1984. Checklist of vascular plants of the Canyon and Church Mountains. Great Basin Naturalist. 44: 277-295.

Harniss, R. O.; Nelson, D. L. 1984. A severe epidemic of Marssonina leaf blight on quaking aspen in northern Utah. Res. Note INT-339. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 6 p.

Holmgren, R. C. 1984. The Great Basin cold desert: some physical geography. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 108-113.

Jorgensen, K. R.; Davis, J. N. 1984. A technique of retaining seed viability in Kochia prostrata ([L.] Schrad. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 166-167.

Luke, F.; Monsen, S. B. 1984. Methods and costs for establishing shrubs on mined lands in southwestern Wyoming. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 286-292.

McArthur, E. D. 1984. Natural diversity of western range shrubs. In: Cooley, J. L.; Cooley, J. H., eds. Natural Diversity in Forest Ecosystems: Proceedings of the Workshop; 1982 November 29-December 1; Athens, GA. Athens, GA: University of Georgia, Institute of Ecology: 193-209.

McArthur, E. D.; Blauer, A. C.; Noller, G. L. 1984a. Propagation of fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) by stem cuttings. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 261-264.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1984. Distribution, systematics, and evolution of Chenopodiaceae-an overview. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 14-24.

McArthur, E. D.; Stranathan, S. E.; Noller, G. L. 1984b. 'Rincon' fourwing saltbush-proven for better forage and reclamation. Rangelands. 6: 62-64.

Medin, D. E. 1984. Breeding birds of an ancient bristlecone pine stand in east central Nevada. Great Basin Naturalist. 44: 272-276.

Monsen, S. B. 1984. Use of shrubs on mine spoils. In: Murphy, p. M., com p. . The Challenge of Producing Native Plants for the Intermountain Area: Prodeedings, Intermountain Nurseryman's Association 1983 Conference; 1983 August 8-11; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-168. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 26-31.

Monsen, S. B.; Richardson, B. Z. 1984. Seeding shrubs with herbs on a semiarid mine site with and without topsoil. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 298-305.

Moore, T. B.; Stevens, R. 1984. Distribution and importance of the Atriplex case-bearing moth, Coleophora atriplicivora Cockerel, on some chenopod shrubs, especially Atriplex canescens (Pursh.) Nutt. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 220-225.

Nelson, D. L. 1984. Toward producing disease-free container grown native wildland plants. In: Murphy, p. M., com p. . The Challenge of Producing Native Plants for the Intermountain Area: Proceedings, Intermountain Nurseryman's Association 1983 Conference; 1983 August 8-11; Las Vegas, NV. Generall Technical Report INT-168. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 32-38.

Nelson, D. L.; Schuttler. p. L. 1984. Histology of Cowania stansburiana actinorhizae. Northwest Science. 58: 49-56.

Noller, G. L.; Stranathan, S. E.; McArthur, E. D. 1984. Establishment and initial results from a 'Rincon' fourwing saltbush seed orchard. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 196-204.

Pederson, J. D. 1984. Factors influencing nutrition, productivity, and mortality of mule deer in Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 33 p. Ph.D. dissertation.

Platts, W. S.; Wagstaff, F. J. 1984. Fencing to control livestock grazing on riparian habitats along streams; is it a viable alternative? North American Fisheries Journal of Fisheries Management. 4: 266-272.

Roos, R. C. 1984. Heritable variation in Sarcobatus vermiculaatus. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 41 p. M. S. thesis.

Sanderson, S. C.; Goodrich, S.; McArthur, E. D. 1984. Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae, Fagaceae. In: Löve, A. IOPB chromosome number reports. LXXXV. Taxon. 33: 756-760.

Sanderson, S. C.; Stutz, H. C. 1984. Flavonoid aglycones of diploid and polyploid Atriplex confertifolia. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 34-38.

Shaw, N.; Monsen, S. B. 1984. Nursery propagation and outplanting of bareroot chenopod seedlings. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 251-260.

Shaw, N. L.; Monsen, S. B.; Carlson, J. R. 1984. Notice of release of 'Lassen' antelope bitterbrush. Salt Lake City, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 4 p.

Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Davis, J. N. 1984. Notice of release of 'Immigrant' forage kochia. Salt Lake City, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 3 p.

Stevens, R.; Van Epps, G. A. Seeding techniques to improve establishment of forage kochia and fourwing saltbush. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 269-272.

Stutz, H. C.; Sanderson, S. C. 1984. Evolutionary studies of Atriplex: chromosome races of Atriplex confertifolia (shadscale). American Journal of Botany. 70: 1536-1547.

Tiedemann, A. R. 1984. Shrub Research Consortium formed. Great Basin Naturalist. 44: 182.

Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Lopez, C. F. 1984a. Carbohydrate and nitrogen concentrations in leaves of three shrub species following microwave, autoclave, and air-drying treatments. Forest Science. 30: 113-116.

Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. 1984b. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 309 p.

Wagstaff, F. J. 1984. Economic considerations in use and management of Gambel oak for fuelwood. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-165. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 8 p.

Welch, B. L.; Davis, J. N. 1984. In vitro digestibility of Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. Great Basin Naturalist. 44: 296-298.

Welch, B. L.; Monsen, S. B. 1984. Winter nutritive value of accessions of fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) grown on a uniform garden. In: Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C.; Stevens, R.; J.son, K. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 138-144.

Woodward, R. D.; Harper, K. T.; Tiedemann, A. R. 1984. An ecological consideration of the significance of cation-exchange capacity of roots of some Utah range plants. Plant and Soil. 79: 169-180.

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1985

Behan, B.; Welch, B. L. 1985. Black sagebrush: mule deer winter preference and monoterpenoid content. Journal of Range Management. 38: 278-280.

Bunderson, E. D.; Weber, D. J.; Davis, J. N. 1985. Soil mineral composition and nutrient uptake in Juniperus osteosperma in 17 Utah sites. Soil Science. 139: 139-148.

Carlson, J. R.; McArthur, E. D., eds. 1985. Proceedings, Selected Papers presented at the 38th Annual Meeting of the Society for Range Management, Range Plant Improvements in Western North America; 1985 February 14; Salt Lake City, UT. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 107-220.

Clary, W. P. ; Beale, D. M.; Holmgren, R. C. 1985a. Melanistic pronghorn fawns on the Desert Experimental Range. Southwestern Naturalist. 30: 159-162.

Clary, W. P. ; Goodrich, S.; Smith, B. M. 1985b. Response of broom snakeweed to application of tebuthiuron. Res. Note INT-350. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 4 p.

Clary, W. P. ; Goodrich, S.; Smith, B. M. 1985c. Response of Gambel oak to tebuthiuron in central Utah. Res. Note INT-351. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 4 p.

Clary, W. P. ; Goodrich, S.; Smith, B. M. 1985d. Response to tebuthiuron by Utah juniper and mountain big sagebrush communities. Journal of Range Management. 38: 56-60.

Clary, W. P. ; Tiedemann, A. R. 1985. Biomass distribution in northcentral Utah Gambel oak stands. In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the Third Utah Shrub Ecology Worksho p. 1983 August 30-31, Provo, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 9-12.

Davis, J. N.; Welch, B. L. 1985. Winter preference, nutritive value, and other range use characteristics of Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. Great Basin Naturalist. 45: 778-783.

Ferguson, R. B.; Frischknecht, N. C. 1985. Reclamation on Utah's Emery and Alton coal fields: techniques and plant materials. Res. Pap. INT-335. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 78 p.

Goodrich, S. 1985. Utah flora: Saxifragaceae. Great Basin Naturalist. 45: 155-172.

Goodrich, S.; Atwood, D.; Neese, E. 1985a. Noteworthy collections: Utah. Madroño. 32: 125.

Goodrich, S.; McArthur, E. D.; Winward, A. H. 1985b. A new combination and a new variety in Artemisia tridentata. Great Basin Naturalist. 45: 155-172.

Harper, K. T.; Wagstaff, F. J.; Kunzler, L. M. 1985. Biology and management of the Gambel oak vegetative types: a literature review. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-179. . Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 31 p.

Hess, W. M.; Nelson, D. L.; Sturges, D. L. 1985. Morphology and ultrastructure of a snowmold fungus on sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata). Mycologia. 77: 637-647.

Masslich. W. J. 1985. Aspen-Beaver relationships in the Strawberry Valley of central Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 38 p. M. S. thesis.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1985. A cytotaxonomic contribution to the western North American rosaceous flora. Madroño. 32: 24-28.

McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L.; Nelson, D. L. 1985. Developing improved cultivars of sagebrushes and other composite shrubs. In: Carlson, J. R.; McArthur, E. D., eds. Proceedings, Selected Papers presented at the 38th Annual Meeting of the Society for Range Management, Range Plant Improvements in Western North America; 1985 February 14; Salt Lake City, UT. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 188-196.

Monsen, S. B.; Davis, J. N. 1985. Progress in the improvement of selected western North American rosaceous shrubs. In: Carlson, J. R.; McArthur, E. D., eds. Proceedings, Selected Papers presented at the 38th Annual Meeting of the Society for Range Management, Range Plant Improvements in Western North America; 1985 February 14; Salt Lake City, UT. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 201-209.

Monsen, S. B.; McArthur, E. D. 1985. Factors influencing establishment of seeded broadleaf herbs and shrubs following fire. In: Sanders, K.; Durham, J., eds. Rangelands Fire Effects Symposium; 1984 November 27-29; Boise, ID. Boise, ID: U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Mangement, Idaho State Office: 112-124.

Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R. 1985. 'Paiute' orchardgrass-forage species for semiarid range and wildland sites. Rangelands. 7: 114-115.

Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R.; James, G.; Jorgensen, K. R.; Oaks, W. R. 1985a. Naming and release of 'Hatch' winterfat for commercial production and marketing of seed and seedlings. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 7 p.

Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. R. 1985b. Seed harvesters-an evaluation of existing machines and projected needs. In: 39th Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation and Equipment Workshop; 1985 February 10-11; Salt Lake City, UT. Missoula , MT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Equipment Development Center: 37-39.

Nielsen, D. B.; Lytle, D. D.; Wagstaff, F. 1985. Who gains (or loses) when big-game uses private lands. Utah Science. 46(2): 48-51.

O'Neal, G. T. 1985. Behaviorial ecology of the Nevada kit fox (Vulpes macrotis nevadensis) on a managed desert

Pederson, J. C.; Welch, B. L. 1985. Comparison of ponderosa pine as feed and nonfeed trees for Abert squirrels. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 11: 149-157.

Pendleton, Rosemary L.; Sanderson, S. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1985. Morphologic and enzymatic variability among Gambel oak clones in north-central Utah. In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the Third Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop; 1983 August 30-31; Provo, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 19-28.

Stevens, R. 1985a. Depth of interseeding scalps can affect growth of seeded mountain big sagebrush. In: 39th Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation & Equipment Workshop; 1979 February 10-11; Salt Lake City, UT. Missoula, MT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Equipment Development Center: 25-27.

Stevens, R. 1985b. Interseeding with a modified Sieco Fireplow can result in increased seedling numbers. In: 39th Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation & Equipment Workshop; 1979 February 10-11; Salt Lake City, UT. Missoula, MT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Equipment Development Center: 22-24.

Stevens, R. 1985c. Ten commandments of range restoration. In: Proceedings-Cedar Valley Conservation; 1985 January 21; Cedar Valley, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University Extention Service: 14-15.

Stevens, R.; Davis, J. N. 1985. Opportunities for improving forage production in the Gambel Oak types of Utah. In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the Third Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop; 1983 August 30-31; Provo, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 37-41.

Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Davis, J. N. 1985a. 'Immigrant' forage kochia. Rangelands. 7: 22-23.

Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B. 1985a. 'Ephraim' crested wheatgrass-a rhizomatous grass. Rangelands. 7: 163-164.

Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B. 1985b. Recent plant releases for western wildlands. In: 39th Annual Report, Vegetative Rehabilitation and Equipment Workshop; 1985 February 10-11; Salt Lake City, UT. Missoula , MT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Equipment Development Center: 34-36.

Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B.; James, G.; Jorgensen, K. R.; Davis, J. N. Oaks, W. R. 1985b. Naming and release of 'Cedar' Palmer penstemon for commercial production and marketing of seed. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 9 p.

Stevens, R.; Shaw, N.; H., C. G. 1985c. Important nonleguminous forbs for Intermountain range. In: Carlson, J. R.; McArthur, E. D., eds. Proceedings, Selected Papers presented at the 38th Annual Meeting, of the Society for Range Management, Range Plant Improvements in Western North America; 1985 February 14; Salt Lake City, UT. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 2`10-220.

Tiedemann, A. R. 1985. Description and discussion of field tour sites. In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the Third Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop; 1983 August 30-31; Provo, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 59-61.

Tiedemann, A. R.; Clary, W. P. 1985. Nitrogen distribution in north central Utah Gambel oak stands. In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the Third Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop; 1983 August 30-31; Provo, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 13-18.

Tiedemann, A. R.; Furniss, M. M. 1985. Soil and litter nutrient responses to looper defoliation of curleaf mountain mahogany. Forest Science. 31: 382-388.

Wagstaff, F. J. 1985. Economics of using Gambel oak for firewood. In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the Third Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop; 1983 August 30-31; Provo, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 53-58.

Weber, D. J.; Davis, T. D.; McArthur, E. D.; Sankhla, N. 1985. Chrysothamnus nauseosus (rubber rabbitbrush): multiple-use shrub of the desert. Desert Plants. 7: 172-180, 208-210.

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1986

Allen, P. S.; Davis, T. D. 1986. Determining seed quality of cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.). Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 60 (1): 86-92.

Allen, P. S.; Meyer, S. 1986. Developing procedures for testing wildland seed. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 60 (3): 26-28.

Allen, P. S.; Meyer, S. C.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, T. D.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. 1986a. Proposal: addition of Ceratoides lanata-winterfat to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 60 (1): 15-17.

Allen, P. S.; Meyer, S. C.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, T. D.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. 1986b. Proposal: addition of Elymus cinereus-basin wildrye to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 60 (1): 18-19.

Allen, P. S.; Meyer, S. C.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, T. D.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. 1986c. Proposal: addition of Kochia prostrata-forage kochia to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 60 (1): 19-20.

Allen, P. S.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, T. D.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. 1986d. Proposal: addition of Astragalus cicer-cicer milkvetch to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 60 (1): 13-14.

Behan, B.; Welch, B. L. 1986. Winter nutritive content of black sagebrush (Artemisia nova) grown in a uniform garden. Great Basin Naturalist. 46: 161-165.

Buman, R. A. 1986. Seed germination and seedling interspecific competition of mountain rye (Secale montanum Guss.), 'Hycrest' crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L. x A. desertorum Fisch.) and downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.). Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming. 48 p. M. S. thesis.

Bunderson, E. D.; Weber, D. J.; Nelson, D. L. 1986a. Diseases associated with Juniperus osteosperma and a model for predicting their occurrence with environmental site factors. Great Basin Naturalist. 46: 427-440.

Bunderson, E. D.; Welch, B. L.; Weber, D. J. 1986b. In vitro digestibility of Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little from 17 Utah sites. Forest Science. 32: 834-840.

Clary, W. P. 1986a. Black sagebrush response to grazing in the east-central Great Basin. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 181-185.

Clary, W. P. 1986b. Fifty-year response to grazing in the low-shrub cold desert of the Great Basin, U. S. A. In: Joss, p. J.; Lynch, p. W.; Williams, O. B., eds. Rangelands: A Resource under Seige; Proceedings of the Second International Rangeland Congress. 1985 May 13-18, Adelaide, Australia. Canberra, Australia: Australian Academy of Science: 37-38.

Clary, W. P. ; Tiedemann, A. R. 1986. Distribution of biomass within small tree and shrub form Quercus gambelii stands. Forest Science. 32: 234-242.

Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R. 1986. Comparison of production in twenty-seven accessions of four sagebrush taxa. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 336-341.

Delany, D. 1986. Natural variation of Eriogonum niveum and its relation to management of wildlife habitat. Seattle, WA: University of Washington. 160 p. M.S. thesis.

Elderkin, R. L., Jr.; Dietz, D. R.; Welch, B. L.; Ralphs, p. M.; Czarnecki, J. K. 1986. Irrigation by mine discharge water and fertilization of big sagebrush: effects of nutrional composition, production, and mule deer use. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 140-145.

Frank, C. T.; Smith, B. N.; Welch, B. L. 1986. Photosynthesis, growth, transpiration and 13C relationships among three subspecies of big sagebrush. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 332-335.

Goodrich, S. 1986a. Utah flora: Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). Great Basin Naturalist. 46: 66-106.

Goodrich, S. 1986b. Vascular plants of the Desert Experimental Range, Millard County, Utah. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-209. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 72 p.

Goodrich, S.; Neese, E. 1986. Unita Basin flora. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Region. 319 p.

Hegerhorst, D. F. 1986. Chemical compositon of Chrysothamnus nauseosus. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 346 p. M. S. thesis.

Hobbs, N. T.; Welch, B. L.; Remington, R. E. 1986. Effects of big sagebrush on in vitro digestion of grass cell walls. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 186-189.

Larson, F. R.; Ffolliott, p. F.; Clary, W. P. 1986. Managing wildlife habitat. Journal of Forestry. 84: 40-41.

McArthur, E. D. 1986. Specificity of galls on Chrysothamnus nauseosus subspecies. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 205-210.

McArthur, E. D.; Goodrich, S. K. 1986. Artemisia tridentata ss p. spiciformis: distribution and taxonomic placement. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 55-57.

McArthur, E. D.; Monsen, S. B.; Blauer, A. C. 1986a. Inventory of and rehabilitation recommendations for sites disturbed by modern man's activities in Grand Teton National Park. In: University of Wyoming National Park Service Research Center Ninth Annual Report. Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming National Park Service Research Center: 75-82.

McArthur E. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Freeman, D. C. 1986b. Isozymes of an autopolyploid shrub, Atriplex canescens (Chenopodiaceae). Great Basin Naturalist. 46: 157-160.

McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L. 1986a. Introduction: Artemisia and Chrysothamnus. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 2-5.

McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. 1986b. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 398 p.

Medin, D. E. 1986. Grazing and passerine breeding birds in a Great Basin low-shrub desert. Great Basin Naturalist. 46: 567-572.

Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. S.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, T. D.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. 1986a. Proposal: addition of Atriplex canescens-fourwing saltbush to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 60 (1): 14-15.

Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. S.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, T. D.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. 1986b. Proposal: addition of Purshia tridentata-fourwing saltbush to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 60 (1): 14-15.

Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N. 1986. Response of an alkali sagebrush/fescue site to restoration treatments. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 126-133.

Nelson, D. L.; Sturges, D. L. 1986. A snowmold disease of unknown consequence. Phytopathology. 76: 946-951.

Neville, W. M.; McArthur, E. D. 1986. Preliminary report on tissue cultuRepropagation of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata). In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 397-398.

Neilsen, D. B.; Wagstaff, F. J.; Lytle. D. 1986. Big-game animals on private range. Rangelands. 8: 36-38.

Noller, G. L.; McArthur, E. D. 1986. Establishment and initial results from a sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) mass selection garden. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 104-107.

Pendleton, R. L. 1986. Studies in plant population biology: Grayia brandegei and Quercus gambelii. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University. 66 p. Ph. D. dissertation.

Richardson, B. Z.; Monsen, S. B.; Bowers, D. M. 1986. Interseeding selected shrubs and herbs on mine disturbances in southeastern Idaho. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 134-139.

Shaw, N.; Monsen, S. B. 1986. 'Lassen' antelope bitterbrush: a browse plant for game and livestock ranges. Rangelands. 8: 122-124.

Skousen, J.; Davis, J. N.; Brotherson, J. D. 1986. Comparison of vegetation patterns resulting from bulldozing and two-way chaining on a Utah pinyon-juniper big game range. Great Basin Naturalist. 46: 508-512.

Smith, C. B. 1986. Grazing effects and site factors in relation to grazing use of salt desert shrub vegetation, Desert Experimental Range, Utah 1938-1974. Logan, UT: Utah State University. 244 p. M.S. thesis.

Stevens, R. 1986a. Are live pinyon and Utah juniper trees on chaining sites a result of poor kill at chaining or from reproduction? Habitat Express 86-3. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Region. 3 p.

Stevens, R. 1986b. Population dynamics of two sagebrush species and rubber rabbitbrush over 22 years of grazing use by three animal classes. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 278-285.

Stevens, R. 1986c. Seed quality testing standards are being established for wildlands. Habitat Express 86-3. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Region. 3 p.

Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. R.; Davis, J. N.; Monsen, S. B. 1986. Seed pappus and placement influences on white rubber rabbitbrush establishment. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 353-357.

Stranthan, S. E.; Monsen, S. B. 1986. Selection of a cultivar of Artemisia ludoviciana for disturbed land plandings. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 108-113.

Sturges, D. L.; Nelson, D. L. 1986. Snow depth and incidence of a snowmold disease on mountain big sagebrush. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 215-221.

Upper Colorado Environmental Plant Center; U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station; Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station-Colorado State University; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station-Utah State University; and the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1986. Notice of the naming and release of 'Summit' Louisiana sage (Artemisia ludoviciana). Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 4 p.

Wagstaff, F. J. 1986a. Economic considerations in management of sagebrush ranges. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 146-150.

Wagstaff, F. J. 1986b. Economic issues of grazing and riparian area management. In: Transactions of the 51st North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference; Washington, DC: Wildlife Management Institute: 272-279.

Wagstaff, F. J., com p. 1986c. Range and ranch economics bibliography: 1968-1985. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-216. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 30 p.

Welch, B. L.; McArthur, E. D. 1986a. Growth rate of big sagebrush as influenced by accessions, sites, subspecies, and years. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 342-246.

Welch, B. L.; McArthur, E. D. 1986b. Wintering mule deer preference for 21 accessions of big sagebrush. Great Basin Naturalist. 46: 113-115.

Welch, B. L.; McArthur, E. D.; Nelson, D. L.; Pederson, J. C.; Davis, J. N. 1986a. 'Hobble Creek'-a superior selection of low-elevation mountain big sagebrush. Res. Pap. INT-370. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 10 p.

Welch, B. L.; Nelson, D. L.; McArthur, E. D. 1986b. Improvement of wildland shrubs through selection and breeding. In: Joss, p. J.; Lynch, p. W.; Williams, O. B., eds. Rangelands: A Resource under Seige; Proceedings of the Second International Rangeland Congress; 1985 May 13-18; Adelaide, Australia. Canberra, Australia: Australian Academy of Science: 467-468.

Whisenant, S. G.; Clary, W. P. 1986. Spatial distribution of tebuthiuron in soil following application of pellets. Proceedings of the Western Society of Weed Science. 39: 73-84.

Winkel, V. 1986. Habitat differences between mountain big sagebrush and mountain silver sagebrush in the Strawberry Valley of central Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 30 p. M.S. thesis.

Winward, A. H.; McArthur, E. D.; Kaffer, D. A.; Plummer, C. A.; Brackley, G. K. 1986. Another sagebrush in Nevada. Tech. Notes TN-Range NV-44. Reno, NV: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 2 p.

Wood, B. W.; Brotherson, J. D. 1986. Ecological adaptation and grazing response of budsage (Artemisia spinescens) in southwestern Utah. In: McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on the Biology of Artemisia and Chrysothamnus; 1984 July 9-13; Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-200. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 75-92.

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1987

Allen, P. S.; Meyer, S. E.; Davis, T. D. 1987. Determining seed quality of winterfat (Ceratoides lanata [Pursh.] J. T. Howell). Journal of Seed Technology. 11: 7-14.

Black, D. R. 1987. Correlation of leaf matrix potential, the stable isotope 13C and plant vegetation patterns to moisture gradients in sagebrush-grass communities of the Wasatch Mountains, Utah, U. S. A. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 41 p. M. S. thesis.

Clary, W. P. 1987. Herbage production and livestock grazing on pinyon-juniper woodlands. In: Everett, R. L, com p. Proceedings-Pinyon-Juniper Conference; 1986 January 13-16; Reno, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-215. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 440-447.

Clary, W. P. ; Holmgren, R. C. 1987a. Difficulties in interpretation of long-term vegetation trends in response to livestock grazing. In: Provenza, F. D.; Flinders, J. T.; McArthur, E. D., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Plant-Herbivore Interactions; 1985 August 7-9; Snowbird, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-222. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 154-151.

Clary, W. P. ; Holmgren, R. C. 1987b. Reversal of desertification on the low-shrub cold desert. In: Aldon, E. F.; Gonzales, V., Carlors E.; Moir, W H., tech. eds. Strategies for Classification and Management of Native Vegetation for Food Production in Arid Zones; 1987 October 12-16; Tucson, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-150. Ft. Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 138-142.

Clary, W. P. ; Tiedemann, A. R. 1987. Fuelwood potential in large-tree Quercus gambelii stands. Western Journal of Applied Forestry. 2: 87-90.

Clary, W. P. ; Wagstaff, F. J. 1987. Biological and economic effectiveness of several revegetation techniques in the pinyon-juniper-sagebrush zone. In: Everett, R. L, com p. . Proceedings-Pinyon-Juniper Conference; 1986 January 13-16; Reno, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-215. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 305-312.

Davis, J. N. 1987. Seedling establishment biology and patterns of interspecific association among established seeded and nonseeded species on a chained juniper-pinyon woodland in central Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 80 p. Ph.D. dissertation.

Harper, K. T.; Sanderson, S. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1987. Vegetation communities of Zion National Park. In: Eleventh Annual Report. Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming, National Park Service Research Center: 191-196.

Hegerhorst, D. F.; Weber, D. J.; McArthur, E. D. 1987a. Chemical analysis and comparison of subspecies of Chrysothamnus nauseosus and other related species. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 15: 201-208.

Hegerhorst, D. F.; Weber, D. J.; McArthur, E. D. 1987b. Chemical components of Chrysothamus nauseosus: a preliminary report. In: Provenza, F. D.; Flinders, J. T.; McArthur, E. D., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Plant-Herbivore Interactions; 1985 August 7-9; Snowbird, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-222. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 93-98.

Hegerhorst, D. F.; Weber, D. J.; McArthur, E. D. 1987c. Resin and rubber content in Chrysothamnus. Southwestern Naturalist. 32: 475-482.

Jacobson, T. L. C.; Welch, B. L. 1987. Planting depth of 'Hobble Creek' mountain big sagebrush seed. Great Basin Naturalist. 47: 497-499.

Kahn, M. A.; Sankhla, N.; Weber, D. J.; McArthur, E. D. 1987. Seed germination characteristics of Chrysothamnus nauseosus ss p. viridulus (Asterae, Asteraceae). Great Basin Naturalist. 47: 220-226.

Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R. 1987. Addition of Hedysarum boreale-northern sweetvetch to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 61 (1): 65-66.

McArthur, E. D.; Meyer, S. E. 1987. A review of the taxonomy and distribution of Chrysothamnus. In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the Fourth Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop: the genus Chrysothamnus. 1986 September 17-19; Cedar City, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 9-17.

McArthur, E. D.; Meyer, S. E.; Weber, D. J. 1987a. Germination rate at low temperature: rubber rabbitbrush population differences. Journal of Range Management. 40: 530-533.

McArthur, E. D.; Monsen, S. B.; Welch, B. L. 1987b. Shrubs and forbs for revegetation plantings in the sagebrush ecosystem. In: Onsager, J. A., ed. Integrated Pest Management in Rangeland: State of the Art in the Sagebrush Ecoystem Symposium; 1984 March 27-28; Reno, NV. ARS-50. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service: 28-39.

Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. G. p. A.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R. 1987a. Addition of Amelanchier alnifolia-Saskatoon serviceberry to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 61 (1): 66-68.

Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. G.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R. 1987b. Addition of Elymus elmoides-bottlebrush squirreltail to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 61 (1): 59-61.

Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. A.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R. 1987c. Addition of Penstemon eatonii-firecracker penestemon to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 61 (1): 61.

Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. A.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R. 1987d. Addition of Penstemon palmeri-Palmer penstemon to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 61 (1): 62.

Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. A.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R. 1987e. Addition of Penstemon strictus-Rocky Mountain penstemon to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 61 (1): 62-63.

Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. A.; Wilson, G. R.; Davis, J. N.; Stevens, R. 1987f. Addition of Secale montanumi-Mountain wildrye to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 61 (1): 63-65.

Meyer, S. E.; McArthur, E. D. 1987. Studies on seed germination biology of rubber rabbitbrush. In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the Fourth Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop: the genus Chrysothamnus. 1986 September 17-19; Cedar City, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 19-25.

Meyer, S. E.; McArthur, E. D.; Monsen, S. B. 1987g. Infraspecific variation in germination patterns of rangeland shrubs and its relationship to seeding success. In: Frasier, G. W.; Evans, R. eds. Seed and Seedbed Ecology of Rangeland Plants: Proceedings of Symposium; 1987 April 21-23; Tucson, AZ. Tucson, AZ: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service: 82-92.

Monsen, S. B. 1987. Shrub selections for pinyon-juniper plantings. In: Everett, R. L, com p. . Proceedings-Pinyon-Juniper Conference; 1986 January 13-16; Reno, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-215. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 316-329.

Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R. 1987. Seed and seedling characteristics of rabbitbrush. . In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the Fourth Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop: the genus Chrysothamnus. 1986 September 17-19; Cedar City, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 41-49.

Nelson, D. L. 1987. Susceptibility of antelope bitterbrush to seedbed damping-off disease. In: Frasier, G. W.; Evans, R. eds. Seed and Seedbed Ecology of Rangeland Plants: Proceedings of Symposium; 1987 April 21-23; Tucson, AZ. Tucson, AZ: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service: 117-121.

O'Neal, G. T.; Flinders, J. T.; Clary, W. P. 1987. Behavioral ecology of the Nevada kit fox (Vulpes macrotis nevadensis) on a managed desert rangeland. In: Genoways, H. H., com p. Current Mammology, volume 1. New York, NY: Pleunm Publishing Corporation: 443-481.

Pope, C. A., III; Wagstaff, F. J. 1987a. An economic evaluation of the Oak Creek Range Management Area, Utah. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-224. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 14 p.

Pope, C. A., III; Wagstaff, F. J. 1987b. Economics of the Oak Creek range management project. Journal of Environmental Management. 25: 157-165.

Provenza, F. D.; Flinders, J. T.; McArthur, E. D. 1987a. Introduction: plant-herbivore interactions. In: Provenza, F. D.; Flinders, J. T.; McArthur, E. D., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Plant-Herbivore Interactions; 1985 August 7-9; Snowbird, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-222. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 1.

Provenza, F. D.; Flinders, J. T.; McArthur, E. D., comps. 1987b. Proceedings-Symposium on Plant-Herbivore Interactions; 1985 August 7-9; Snowbird, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-222. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 179 p.

Sanderson, S. C.; Pendleton, R. L.; McArthur, E. D.; Harper, K. T. 1987. Saponin effect on small mammal forage preference in a planting of Atriplex canescens. In: Provenza, F. D.; Flinders, J. T.; McArthur, E. D., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Plant-Herbivore Interactions; 1985 August 7-9; Snowbird, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-222. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 74-77.

Sankhla, N.; Davis, T. D.; Weber, D. J.; McArthur, E. D. 1987. Biology and economic botany of Chrysothamnus (rabbitbrush): a potentially useful shrub for arid regions. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany. 10: 481-496.

Stevens, R. 1987. Thirty years of pinyon-juniper big game habitat improvement projects: what have we learned? In: Everett, R. L, com p. . Proceedings-Pinyon-Juniper Conference; 1986 January 13-16; Reno, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-215. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 558-571.

Stutz, H. C.; Sanderson, S. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Ge-lin, C. 1987. Chromosome races of Grayia brandegei (Chenopodianceae). Madroño. 34: 142-149.

Thorderson, L. G. 1987. Restoring estimability in designs with missing cells: an application to the analysis of livestock grazing patterns in southwestern Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 79 p. M.S. thesis.

Tiedemann, A. R.; Clary, W. P. ; Barbour, R. J. 1987a. Underground systems of Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) in central Utah. American Journal of Botany. 74: 1065-1071.

Tiedemann, A. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Freeman, D. C. 1987b. Variations in physiological metabolites and chlorophyll in sexual phenotypes of 'Rincon' fourwing saltbush. Journal of Range Management. 40: 151-155.

Wagstaff, F. J. 1987. Economics of managing pinyon-juniper lands for woodland products. In: Everett, R. L, com p. . Proceedings-Pinyon-Juniper Conference; 1986 January 13-16; Reno, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-215. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 168-172.

Wagstaff, F. J.; Pope, C. A., III. 1987. Finding the appropriate forage value for analyzing the feasibility of public range improvements. Res. Pap. INT-378. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 4 p.

Weber, D. J.; Hegerhorst, D. F.; Davis, T. D.; McArthur, E. D. 1987. Potential uses of rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus). In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the Fourth Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop: the genus Chrysothamnus. 1986 September 17-19; Cedar City, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 27-33.

Welch, B. L.; McArthur, E. D.; Rodriquez, R. L. 1987. Variation in utilization of big sagebrush accessions by wintering shee p. Journal of Range Management. 40: 113-115.

Welsh, S. L.: Atwood, N. D.; Goodrich, S.; Higgins, L. C., eds. 1987. A Utah flora. Great Basin Naturalist Memoir No. 9. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 894 p.

Whisenant, S. G.; Clary, W. P. 1987. Tebuthiuron distribution in soil following application of pellets. Journal of Environmental Quality. 16: 397-402.

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1988

Buman, R. A.; Monsen, S. B.; Abernathey, R. H. 1988. Seedling competition between mountain rye, Hycrest crested wheatgrass, and downy brome. Journal of Range Management. 41: 30-34.

Clary, W. P. ; Welch, B. L.; Booth, G. D. 1988. In vitro digestion experiments: importance of variation between inocula donors. Journal of Wildlife Management. 52: 358-361.

Haws, B. A.; Roe, A. H.; Nelson, D. L. 1988. Index to information on insects associated with western wildland shrubs. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-248. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 296 p.

Hegerhorst, D. F.; Bhat, R. B.; Weber, D. J.; McArthur, E. D. 1988a. Seasonal changes of selected secondary plant products in Chrysothamnus nauseosus ss p. turbinatus. Great Basin Naturalist. 48: 1-8.

Hegerhorst, D. F.; Weber, D. J.; Bhat, R. B.; Davis, T. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1988b. Seasonal changes in rubber and resin contents in Chrysothamnus nauseosus ss p. hololeucus and ss p. turbinatus. Biomass. 15: 133-142.

Huang, J.; Hess, W. M.; Weber, D. J.; McArthur, E. D.; Meyer, S. E.; Seegmiller, R. 1988. Computer analysis of cross sections of leaves of Chrysothamnus taxa and their relation to environmental conditions. Great Basin Naturalist. 48: 334-347.

Kitchen, S. G. 1988. Germination studies with fifteen species of Intermountain penstemons. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 82 p. M. S. thesis.

McArthur, E. D. 1988. New plant development in range management. In: Tueller, p. T., ed. Vegetation science applications for rangeland analysis and management. Handbook of Vegetation Science 14. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers: 81-112.

McArthur, E. D.; Blauer, A. C.; Sanderson, S. C. 1988a. Mule deer-induced mortality of mountain big sagebrush. Journal of Range Management. 41: 114-117.

McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L.; Sanderson, S. C. 1988b. Natural and artificial hybridization between big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) subspecies. Journal of Heredity. 79: 268-276.

Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. G.; Wilson, G. R.; Stevens, R. 1988a. Proposal: addition of Artemisia ludoviciana-Louisiana sagewort to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 62 (1): 15-16.

Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. G.; Wilson, G. R.; Stevens, R. 1988b. Proposal: addition of Artemisia nova-(syn. Artemisia arbuscula subs p. nova) black sagebrush to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 62 (1): 16-17.

Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. G.; Wilson, G. R.; Stevens, R. 1988c. Proposal: addition of Artemisia tridentata-big sagebrush to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 62 (1): 17-18.

Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. G.; Wilson, G. R.; Stevens, R. 1988d. Proposal: addition of Ephreda viridis-green Mormon tea to the rules. Newsletter of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. 62 (1): 17-18.

Pendleton, R. L.; McArthur, E. D.; Freeman, D. C.; Blauer, A. C. 1988. Heterodichogamy in Grayia brandegiei(Chenopodiaceae): report from a new family. American Journal of Botany. 75: 267-274.

Rodriguez, R. L. 1988. Sage grouse habitat locations and soil-plant relationships in Strawberry Valley, Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 50 p. M. S. thesis.

Sanderson, S. C.; Ge-ling, C.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C. 1988. Evolutionary loss of flavonoids and other chemical characters in the Chenopodiaceae. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 16: 143-149.

Scott, L. F. 1988. Investigation of vegetation overlaying an oil field using Landsat imagery. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah. 138 p. M. S. thesis.

Stevens, R. 1988. Characteristics of major grasses and forbs and multi-species mixtures in disturbed land rehabilitation. In: Proceedings-Elk, Agriculture, and Mining Expo; 10-11 March 1988; Elko, NV. Reno, NV: Nevada Department of AgricultureCity, ST: 80-90.

Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B. 1988a. 'Cedar' Palmer penstemon: a selected penstemon for semiarid ranges. Rangelands. 10: 163-164.

Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B. 1988b. 'Hatch' winterfat: a quality shrub for ranges and wildlands. Rangelands. 10: 104-105.

Welch, B. L.; Jacobson, T. L. C. 1988. Root growth of Artemisia tridentata. Journal of Range Management. 41: 332-334.

Welch, B. L.; Pederson, J. C.; Rodriquez, R. L. 1988. Selection of big sagebrush by sage grouse. Great Basin Naturalist. 48: 274-279.

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1989

Bhat, R. B.; Hegerhorst, D. F.; Weber, D. J.; Smith, B. N.; McArthur, E. D.; Chrominski, A. 1989. Microwave methods for rapid extraction of rubber and resin from plant tissue. Fhyton. 49: 23-29.

Clary, W. P. 1989. Test of RPA production coefficients and local assumptions for the pinyon-juniper ecosystem in central Utah. Res. Pap. INT-403. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 11 p.

Emlen, J. M.; Freeman, D. C.; Wagstaff, F. J. 1989. Interaction assessment: rationale and test using desert plants. Evolutionary Ecology. 3: 115-149.

Fang, N.; Mabry, T. J.; Sanderson, S. C. 1989. Isolation and identification of some flavonoids from canned spinach. Revista Latinonoamerica de Quimica. 20: 42-44.

Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1989. Atriplex canescens. In: Halevy, A. H., ed. CRC handbook of flowering, volume 4. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Inc.: 75-86.

Harper, K. T.; Sanderson, S. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Tuhy, J. S. 1989. Vegetation communities of Zion National Park. In: Twelfth Annual Report, 1988. Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming, National Park Service Research Center: 207-214.

Horton, W., Bammer, R.; Gibbs, G., Monsen, S. B.; Page, D.; Petersen, M.; Simper, T.; Stevens, R.; Whitesides, R.; Winward, A. H. 1989. Interagency forage and conservation planting guide for Utah. Circular EC 433. Logan, UT: Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University. 67 p.

Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E.; Wilson, G. R.; Stevens, R. 1989a. Proposal: addition of Cercocarpus ledifolius-curlleaf mountain-mahogany to the rules. Association of Official Seed Analysts Newsletter. 63 (1): 26-28.

Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E.; Wilson, G. R.; Stevens, R. 1989b. Proposal: addition of Cercocarpus montanus-true mountain-mahogany to the rules. Association of Official Seed Analysts Newsletter. 63 (1): 28-30.

McArthur, E. D. 1989a. Breeding systems is shrubs. In: McKell, C. M., ed. The biology and utilization of shrubs. San Diego, CA: Academic Press: 341-361.

McArthur, E. D. 1989b. Research consortium sponsors wildland shrub symposium. Diversity 5 (2&3): 51-52.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Harper, K. T. 1989a. Expansion of the known distribution of the rare Zion tansy, Sphaeromeria ruthiae (Asteraceae). Southwestern Naturalist 34: 441-443.

McArthur, E. D.; Wallace, A.; Haferkamp, M. R. 1989b. Introduction: shrub ecophysiology and biotechnology. In: Wallace, A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haferkamp, M. R., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Shrub Ecophysiology and Biotechnology; 1987 June 30-July2; Logan, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-256. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 1-3.

Meyer, S. E. 1989. Warm pretreatment effects on antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) germination response to chilling. Northwest Science. 63: 146-153.

Meyer, S. E.; Garcia-Moya, E. 1989. Plant community patterns and soil moisture regime in gypsum grasslands of north central Mexico. Journal of Arid Environments. 16: 147-155.

Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. L.; Wilson, G. R.; Stevens. R. 1989a. Proposal: addition of Cowania mexicana-cliffrose to the rules. Association of Official Seed Analysts Newsletter. 63 (1): 24-25.

Meyer, S. E.; McArthur, E. D.; Jorgensen, G. L. 1989b.Variation in germination response to temperature in rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus: Asteraceae) and its ecological implications. American Journal of Botany. 76: 981-991.

Meyer, S. E.; Monsen, S. B. 1989. Seed germination biology of antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata). In: Wallace, A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haferkamp, M. R., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Shrub Ecophysiology and Biotechnology; 1987 June 30-July2; Logan, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-256. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 1147-157.

Meyer, S. E.; Wilson, G. R.; Stevens, R. 1989c. Proposal: addition of Chrysothamnus nauseosus-rubber rabbitbrush to the rules. Association of Official Seed Analysts Newsletter. 63 (1): 30-32.

Nelson, D. L.; Harper, K. T.; Boyer, K. C.; Weber, D. J.; Haws, B. A.; Marble, J. R. 1989. Wildland shrub dieoffs in Utah: an approach to understanding the cause. In: Wallace, A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haferkamp, M. R., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Shrub Ecophysiology and Biotechnology; 1987 June 30-July2; Logan, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-256. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 119-135.

Nelson, D. L.; Lopez, C. F. 1989. Variation in nitrogen fixation among populations of Frankia s p. And Ceanothus s p. In actinorhizal association. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 7: 269-274.

Pendleton, R. L.; Pendleton, B. K.; Harper, K. T. 1989. Breeding systems of woody plant species in Utah. In: Wallace, A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haferkamp, M. R., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Shrub Ecophysiology and Biotechnology; 1987 June 30-July2; Logan, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-256. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 5-22.

Rodriquez, R. L.; Welch, B. L. 1989. Effects of heavy grazing by mule deer on 'Hobble Creek' mountain big sagebrush seed stalk production. In: Wallace, A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haferkamp, M. R., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Shrub Ecophysiology and Biotechnology; 1987 June 30-July2; Logan, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-256. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 141-143.

Rosenstock, S. S.; Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R. Jorgensen, K. R. 1989. Mule deer diets on a chained central Utah pinyon-juniper range. Res. Pap. INT-410. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 4 p.

Rosenstock, S. S.; Stevens, R. 1989. Herbivore effects on seeded alfalfa at four pinyon-juniper sites in central Utah. Journal of Range Management. 42: 483-489.

Sanderson, S. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Stutz, H. C. 1989. A relationship between polyploidy and habitat in western shrub species. In: Wallace, A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haferkamp, M. R., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Shrub Ecophysiology and Biotechnology; 1987 June 30-July2; Logan, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-256. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 23-30.

Scott, L. F.; McCoy, R. M.; Wullstein, L. H. 1989. Anomaly may not reflect hydrocarbon seepage: Patrick Draw Field, Wyoming, revisited. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 73: 925-934.

Stevens, R.; McArthur, E. D.; Winward, A. H. 1989. Identification characteristics of major sagebrush taxa and species adapted to areas inhabited by each. Habitat Express 89-1. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Region. 10 p.

Wagstaff, F. J.; Reesman, D., comps. 1989. Multiple users-multiple products. Proceedings of a Symposium, 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society for Range Management; 1989 February 21; Billings, MT. Corvallis, OR: Western Regional Coordinating Committee on Range Economics SRCC-55. 262 p.

Wallace, A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haferkamp, M. R., comps. 1989. Proceedings-Symposium on Shrub Ecophysiology and Biotechnology; 1987 June 30-July2; Logan, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-256. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 183 p.

Weber, D. J. Hegerhorst, D. R.; Bhat, R. B.; Davis, T. D.; McArthur, E. D. 1989. Physiological changes in Chrysothamus nauseosus in relation to rubber and resin products. In: Wallace, A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haferkamp, M. R., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Shrub Ecophysiology and Biotechnology; 1987 June 30-July2; Logan, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-256. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 173-183.

Welch, B. L. 1989. Nutritive value of shrubs. In: McKell, C. M., ed. The biology and utilization of shrubs. San Diego, CA: Academic Press: 405-424.

Welch, B. L.; Pederson, J. C.; Rodriquez, R. L. 1989. Monoterpenoid content of sage grouse ingesta. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 15: 961-969.

Whisenant, S. G.; McArthur, E. D. 1989. Triclopyr persistence in northen Idaho forest vegetation. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 42: 660-665.

Wood, S. M.; Newcomb, W.; Nelson, D. L. 1989. Fine structure of the microsymbiont of the actinorrrhizal root nodules of mountain mahogany (Cercodarpus ledifolius, family Rosaceae). Canadian Journal of Botany. 67: 116-120.

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1990

Allen, P. S.; Meyer, S. E. 1990. Temperature requirements for seed germination of three Penstemon species. HortScience. 25: 191-193.

Bhat, R. B.; Weber, D. J.; Hegerhorst, D. F.; McArthur, E. D. 1990a. Rubber and resin content in natural and uniform-garden populations of Chrysothamnus nuuseosus subspecies. Fhyton. 51: 35-42.

Bhat, R. B.; Welch, B. L.; Weber, D. J.; McArthur, E. D. 1990b. Mid-winter protein, phosphorus, and digestibility of Chrysothamnus nauseosus subspecies. Journal of Range Management. 43: 177-179.

Booth, G. D.; Welch, B. L.; Jacobson, T. L. C. 1990. Seedling growth rate of 3 subspecies of big sagebrush. Journal of Range Management. 43: 432-436.

Davis, J. N. 1990. General ecology, wildlife use, and management of the mountain mahoganies in the Intermountain west. In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the 5th Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop: the genus Cercocarpus; 1988 July 13-14; Logan, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 1-13.

Davis, J. N.; Harper, K. T. 1990. Weedy annuals and establishment of seeded species on a chained juniper-pinyon woodland in central Utah. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 72-79.

Fairchild, J. A. 1990. Plant community and shrub vogor responses to one-way and two-way chaining of decadent big sagebrush on a critical mule deer winter range in southeastern Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 70 p. Ph. D. dissertation.

Harper, K. T.; Sanderson, S. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1990a. Vegetation communities in Zion National Park. In: Thirteenth Annual Report, 1988. Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming, National Park Service Research Center: 234-240.

Harper, K. T.; Wagstaff, F. J.; Clary, W. P. 1990b. Shrub mortality over a 54-year period in a shadscale desert, west-central Utah. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 119-126.

Haws, B. A.; Bohart, G. E.; Nelson, C. R.; Nelson, D. L. 1990. Insects and shrub dieoff in western states: 1986-1989 survey results. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 127-151.

Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E. 1990. Seed dormancy in two species of mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius and Cerocarpus montanus). In: J.son, K. L., ed. Proceedings of the 5th Utah Shrub Ecology Workshop: the genus Cercocarpus; 1988 July 13-14; Logan, UT. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources: 27-41.

McArthur, E. D. 1990. Introduction: cheatgrass invasion and shrub die-off. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 1-2.

McArthur, E. D.; Blauer, A. C.; Stevens, R. 1990a. Forage kochia competition with cheatgrass in central Utah. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 56-65.

McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, p. T., comps. 1990b. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 351 p.

Medin, D. E. 1990a. Birds of a shadsale (Atriplex confertifolia) habitat in east central Nevada. Great Basin Naturalist. 50: 295-298.

Medin, D. E. 1990b. Birds of an upper sagebrush-grass zone habitat in east-central Nevada. Res. Pap. INT-433. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 7 p.

Meyer, S. E. 1990a. Places in the sun: story of Capitol Reef plants. Salt Lake City, UT: Lorraine Press. 75 p.

Meyer, S. E. 1990b. Seed source differences in germination under snowpack in northern Utah. In: 5th Billings Symposium on Disturbed Land Rehabilitation: volume 1: Hardrock Waste, Analytical and Revegetation; 1990 March 25-30; Billings, MT. Bozeman, MT: Montana State University, Reclamation Research Unit: 184-191.

Meyer, S. E.; Monsen, S. B. 1990. Seed-source differences in initial establishment for big sagebrush and rubber rabbitbrush. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 200-208.

Meyer, S. E.; Monsen, S. B.; McArthur, E. D. 1990. Germination response of Artemisia tridentata (Asteraceae) to light and chill: patterns of between-population variation. Botanical Gazette. 151: 176-183.

Meyer, S. E.; Pendleton, R. L. 1990. Seed germination biology of spineless hopsage: between-population differences in dormancy and response to temperature. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 187-192.

Monsen, S. B.; Meyer, S. E. 1990. Seeding equipment effects on establishment of big sagebrush on mine disturbances. In: 5th Billings Symposium on Disturbed Land Rehabilitation: volume 1: Hardrock Waste, Analytical and Revegetation; 1990 March 25-30; Billings, MT. Bozeman, MT: Montana State University, Reclamation Research Unit: 192-199.

Monsen, S. B.; Turnipseed, D. 1990. Seeding forage kochia into cheatgrass-infested rangelands. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 66-71.

Monsen, S. B.; Vallentine, J. F.; Hoopes, K. H. 1990. Season dietary selection by beef cattle grazing mixed crested wheatgrass-forage kochia pastures. Proceedings, Western Section, American Society of Animal Science. 41: 300-303.

Nelson, C. R.; Haws, B. A.; Nelson, D. L. 1990a. Mealybugs and relatied Homotera os shadscale: possible agents in the dieoff problem in the Intermountain west. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 152-165.

Nelson, D. L.; Weber, D. J.; Garvin, S. G. 1990b. The possible role of plant disease in the recent wildland shrub dieoff in Utah. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 84-90.

Pendleton, B. K. 1990. Common garden studies of Atriplex canescens:; effects of genetics and environment on growth, reproduction, and life history features. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University. 61 p. Ph. D. dissertation.

Pendleton, R. L.; Meyer, S. E. 1990. Seed geminiation biology of spineless hopsage: inhibition by bract leachate. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 181-186.

Pope, C. A., III; Wagstaff, F. J. 1990. Economics of range improvement with prescribed fire. In: Baumgartner, D. M; Grewer, D. W.; Zamora, B. A.; Neuunschwander, L. F.; Wakimoto, Rr. H., comps. Prescribed Fire in the Intermountain Region; Forest Site Preparation and Range Improvement, Symposium Proceedings; 1986 March 3-5; Spokane, WA. Pullman, WA: Washington State University, Conferences and Institutes: 117-121.

Sabey, B. R.; Pendleton, R. L.; Webb, B. L. 1990. Effect of municipal sewage sludge application on growth of two reclamation shrub species in copper mine spoils. Journal of Environmental Quality. 19: 580-586.

Sanderson, S. C.; Stutz, H. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1990. Geographic differentiation in Atriplex confertifolia. American Journal of Botany. 77: 490-498.

Shaw, N. L.; Monsen, S. B. 1990. Use of sagebrush for improvement of wildlife habitat. In: Fisser, H. G., ed. Wyoming Shrublands: Aspen, Sagebrush, and Wildlife Management, Proceedings of the 17th Wyoming Shrub Ecology Workshop; 1988 June 21-22; Jackson, WY. Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming, Department of Range Management: 19-35.

Stevens, R.; McArthur, E. D. 1990. 'Immigrant' forage kochia competition with halogeton following various seedling techniques. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 175-180.

Stevens, R.; Meyer, S. E. 1990. Seed quality testing for range and wildland species. Rangelands. 12: 341-346.

Stevenson, D. N.; Valcarce, R. V.; Smith, G. G.; Haws, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Welch, B. L.; Stutz, H. C. 1990. Multivariate statistical pattern recognition of curie-point pyrolysis-gas chromatographic fingerprints from rangeland shrubs. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 325-335.

Stutz, H. C.; Chu, G-L.; Sanderson, S. C. 1990. Evolutionary studies of Atriplex: phylogenetic relationships of Atriplex pleiantha. American Journal of Botany. 77: 364-369.

Vallentine, J. F.; Monsen, S. B. 1990. Browse advantages. Utah Cattleman. 34 (10): 18.

Van Pelt, N. S.; Stevens, R.; West, N. E. 1990. Survival and growth of immature Juniperus osteosperma and Pinus edulis following woodland chaning in central Utah. Southwestern Naturalist. 35: 322-328.

Wagstaff, F. J. Welch, B. L. 1990. Rejuvenation of mountain big sagebrush on mule deer winter ranges using on site plants as a seed source. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 171-174.

Wallace, A.; Nelson, D. L. 1990. Wildland shrub dieoffs following excessively wet periods: a synthesis. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 81-83.

Walser, R. H.; Weber, D. J.; McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1990. Winter cold hardiness of seven wildland shrubs. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 115-118.

Weber, D. J.; Nelson, D. L.; Hess, W. M.; Bhat, R. B. 1990. Salinity and moisture stress in relation to dieoff of wildland shrubs. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 91-102.

Welch, B. L.; McArthur, E. D. 1990. Big sagebrush-its taxonomy, origin, distribution, and utility. In: Fisser, H. G., ed. Wyoming Shrublands: Proceedings of the 14th Wyoming Shrub Ecology Worksho p. 1985 May 29-30, Rock Springs, WY. Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming, Department of Range Management: 3-19.

Welch, B. L.; Wagstaff, F. J. Jorgensen, G. L. 1990a. 'Hobble Creek' mountain big sagebrush seed production. In: McArthur, E. D.; Romney, E. M.; Smith, S. D.; Tueller, Paul T., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-Off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management; 1989 April 5-7; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-276. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 167-170.

Welch, B. L.; Wagstaff, F. J. Williams, R. L. 1990b. Sage grouse status and recovery plan for Strawberry Valley, Utah. Res. Pap. INT-430. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 10 p.

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1991

Carlson, J. R.; Cunningham, R. A.; Everett, H. W.; Jacobsen, E. T.; Lorenz, D. G.; McArthur, E. D. 1991. Conservation tree and shrub cultivars in the United States. Agric. Handb. 692. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 50 p.

Chu, G-L.; Stutz, H. C.; Sanderson, S. C. 1991. Morphology and taxonomic position of Suckeya suckleyana (Chenopodiaceae). American Journal of Botany. 78. 63-68.

Davis, J. N.; Brotherson, J. D. 1991. Ecological relationships of curlleaf mountain-mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt.) communities in Utah and implications for management. Great Basin Naturalist. 51: 153-166.

Freeman, D. C.; Turner, W. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Graham, J. H. 1991. Characterization of a narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata: Asteraceae). American Journal of Botany. 78: 805-815.

Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E. 1991. Seed germination of Intermountain penstemons as influenced by stratification and GA3 treatments. Journal of Environmental Horticulture. 9: 51-56.

McArthur, E. D. 1991. Intermountain Consortium for Aridlands Research formed. Great Basin Naturalist. 51: 300.

Megahan, W. F. Monsen, S. B.; Wilson, M. D. 1991. Probability of sediment yields form surface erosion on granitic roadfills in Idaho. Journal of Environmental Quality. 20: 53-60.

Meyer. S. E.; Monsen, S. B. 1991. Habitat-correlated variation in mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ss p. vaseyana) seed germination patterns. Ecology. 72: 739-742.

Tippets, D.; Anderson, V. J. 1991. Partnership preserves historic range research sites. Rangelands. 13: 121-124.

Wagstaff, F. J. Welch, B. L. 1991. Seedstalk production of mountain big sagebrush enhanced through short-term protection from heavy browsing. Journal of Range Management. 44: 72-74.

Welch, B. L.; Wagstaff, F. J.; Roberson, J. A. 1991. Preference of wintering sage grouse for big sagebrush. Journal of Range Management. 44: 462-465.

Whisenant, S. G.; Wagstaff, F. J. 1991. Successional trajectories of a grazed salt desert shrubland. Vegetatio. 94: 133-140.

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1992

Byrd, D. W. 1992. Biochemical assessment of the hybrid zone formed by Artemisia tridentata tridentata and Artemisia tridentata vaseyana using an automated gas chromatography-data system and statistical methods. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University. 57 p. M. S. thesis.

Clary, W. P. ; McArthur, E. D. 1992. Introduction: ecology and management of riparian shrub communities. In: Clary, W. P. ; McArthur, E. D.; Bedunah, D; Wambolt, C. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities; 1991 May 29-31; Sun Valley, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-289. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 1-2.

Clary, W. P. ; McArthur, E. D.; Bedunah, D.; Wambolt, C. L., comps. 1992. Proceedings-Symposium on Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities; 1991 May 29-31; Sun Valley, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-289. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 232 p.

Gunasekaran, M.; Weber, D. J.; Sanderson, S. C.; Devall, M. M. 1992. Reanalysis of the vegetation of Been Branch Gorge Research Natural Area, a hemlock-beech community on the Warrior River Basin of Alabama. Castanea. 57: 34-45.

Harper, K. T.; Sanderson, S. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1992. Riparian ecology in Zion National Park, Utah. In: Clary, W. P. ; McArthur, E. D.; Bedunah, D; Wambolt, C. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities; 1991 May 29-31; Sun Valley, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-289. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 32-41.

Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E. 1992. Temperature-mediated changes in seed dormancy and light requirement for Penstemenon palmeri (Scrophulariaceae). Great Basin Naturalist. 52: 53-58.

McArthur, E. D. 1992. In memoriam-A. Perry Plummer (1911-1991): teacher, naturalist, range scientist. Great Basin Naturalist. 52: 1-10.

McArthur, E. D.; Freeman, D. C.; Luckinbill, L. S.; Sanderson, S. C.; Noller, G. L. 1992. Are trioecy and sexual liability in Atriplex canescens genetically based?: evidence from clonal studies. Evolution. 46: 1708-1721.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1992a. A comparison between xeroriparian and upland vegetation of Beaver Dam Slope, Utah. In: Clary, W. P. ; McArthur, E. D.; Bedunah, D; Wambolt, C. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities; 1991 May 29-31; Sun Valley, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-289. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 25-31.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1992b. Great Sand Dune National Monument vegetation patterns. In: 15th Annual Report, 1991. Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming, National Park Service Research Center: 185-189.

Medin, D. E. 1992. Birds of a Great Basin sagebrush habitat in east-central Nevada. Res. Pap. INT-452. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 4 p.

Megahan, W. F.; Monsen, S. B.; Wilson, M. C.; Lozano, N.; Haber, D. F.; Booth, G. D. 1992. Erosion control practices applied to granitic roadfills for forest roads in Idaho: cost effectiveness evaluation. Land Degradation and Rehabilitation. 3: 55-65.

Meyer, S. E. 1992. Habitat correlated variation in firecracker penstemon (Penstemon eatonii Gray: Scophulariaceae) seed germination response. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 119: 268-279.

Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. G. 1992. Cyclic seed dormancy in the short-lived perennial Penstemon palmeri. Journal of Ecology. 80: 115-122.

Meyer, S. E.; Monsen, S. B. 1992. Big sagebrush germination patterns: subspecies and population differences. Journal of Range Management. 45: 87-93.

Mikhiel, G. S.; Meyer, S. E.; Pendleton, R. L. 1992. Variation in germination response to temperature and salinity in shrubby Atriplex species. Journal of Arid Environments. 22: 39-49.

Monsen, S. B.; Meyer, S. E.; Carlson, S. C. 1992. Sagebrush establishment enhanced by snowfencing. In: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1992 Annual Report, Rangeland Technology Equipment Council. 1992 February 9, Spokane, WA. Missoula, MT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Missoula Technology and Equipment Development Center: 6-8.

Nasr, M. A.; Monsen, S. B.; Meyer, S. E.; Belal, A. H. 1992. Effects of salt and temperature on germination of cheatgrass and small burnett. Egyptian Journal of Applied Science. 7(2): 1-10.

Pendleton, B. K.; Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Pendleton, R. L. 1992a. Life history features of three sexual morphs of Atriplex canescens (Chenopodiaceae) clones grown in a common garden. American Journal of Botany. 79: 376-382.

Pendleton, R. L.; Frischknecht, N. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1992b. Long-term survival of 20 selected plant accessions in a Rush Valley, Utah, planting. Res. Note INT-403. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 7 p.

Pendleton, R. L.; Wagstaff, F. J.; Welch, B. L. 1992c. Winter nutrient content and deer use of Gambel oak twigs in north central Utah. Great Basin Naturalist. 52: 293-299.

Stevens, A. R. 1992. Establishment and distribution of forage kochia seedlings within crested wheatgrass stands. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 38 p. M.S. thesis.

Stevens, R.; McArthur, E. D.; Davis, J. N. 1992. Reevaluation of vegetative cover changes, erosion, and sedimentation on two watersheds-1912-1983. In: Clary, W. P. ; McArthur, E. D.; Bedunah, D; Wambolt, C. L., comps. Proceedings-Symposium on Ecology and Management of Riparian Shrub Communities; 1991 May 29-31; Sun Valley, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-289. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 123-128.

Weber, D. J.; Nelson, D. L. 1992. Die-off of Utah juniper: Natural Bridges National Monument. . In: 15th Annual Report, 1991. Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming, National Park Service Research Center: 205-208.

Welch, B. L.; Nelson, E. D.; Young, S. A.; Sands, A. R.; Wagstaff, F. J.; Nelson, D. L. 1992a. 'Gordon Creek'-a superior, tested germplasm of Wyoming big sagebrush. Res. Pap. INT-461. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 7 p.

Welch, B. L.; Wagstaff, F. J. 1992. 'Hobble Creek' big sagebrush vs. antelope bitterbrush as a winter forage. Journal of Range Mangement. 45: 140-142.

Welch, B. L.; Young, S. A.; Shields, p. W. 1992b. 'Hobble Creek' mountain big sagebrush. In: Habitat Express 92-1. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Region. 6 p.

Yorks, T. p. ; West, N. E.; Capels, K. M. 1992. Vegetation differences in desert shrublands of western Utah's Pine Valley between 1933-1989. Journal of Range Management. 45: 569-578.

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1993

Allen, P. S.; Debaene, S. B. G.; Meyer, S. E. 1993. Regulation of grass seed germination under fluctuating moisture regimes. In: Dome, D; Corbineau, F., eds. Fourth International Workshop on Seeds, Basic and Applied Aspects of Seed Biology; 1992 July 20-14; Anger, France. Paris, France: Universite Pierre et Marie Curie: 387-392.

Anderson, V. J.; Thompson, R. M. 1993. Chemical and mechanical control of false hellebore (Veratrum californicum) in an alpine community. Res. Pap. INT-469. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 6 p.

Baskin, C. C.; Baskin, J. M.; Meyer, S. E. 1993. Seed dormancy in the Colorado Plateau shrub Mahonia freemontii (Berberidaceae) and its ecological and evolutionary implications. Southwestern Naturalist. 38: 91-99.

Belal, A. H.; Rammah, A. M.; Hopkin, M. S.; Hansen, L. D.; McArthur, E. D. 1993. Studies of salt-tolerance and chemical analysis of fodder shrubs in Egypt and Utah (USA). In: Lieth, H.; Al Massoom, A., eds. Towards a rational use of high sality tolerant plants, volume 2. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers: 213-220.

Belnap, J. 1993. Recovery rates of cryptobiotic crusts: inoculant use and assessment methods. Great Basin Naturalist. 53: 89-95.

Belnap, J.; Gardner, J. S. 1993. Soil microstructure in soils of the Colorado Plateau: the role of cyanobacterium Microcoleus vaginatus. Great Basin Naturalist. 53: 40-47.

Blauer, A. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Stevens, R.; Nelson, S. D. 1993. Evaluation of roadside stabilization and beautification plantings in south-central Utah. Res. Pap. INT-462. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 65 p.

Chambers, J. C.; Norton, B. E. 1993. Effects of grazing and drought on population dynamics of salt desert shrub species on the Desert Experimental Range, Utah. Journal of Arid Environments. 24: 261-275.

Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Tiedemann, A. R. 1993a. Influence of topography on cumulative pollen flow of fourwing saltbush. Res. Note INT-413. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 9 p.

Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Tiedemann, A. R. 1993b. The influence of topography on male and female fitness components of Atriplex canescens. Oecologia. 93: 538-547.

Harper, K. T.; Pendleton, R. L. 1993. Cyanobacteria and cyanolichens: can they enhance availability of essential minerals for higher plants. Great Basin Naturalist. 53: 59-72.

Haws, B. A.; Bohart, G. E.; Nelson, C. R.; Nelson, D. L. 1993. Insects and their relationship to widespread shrub-dieoff in the Intermountain west of North America. In: Gaston, A.; Kenick, M.; Le Honérou, eds. Proceedings of the Fourth International Rangeland Congress; 1991 April 22-26; Montpellier, France. Montpellier, France: Association Francaise de Pastoralisme: 474-478.

McArthur, E. D. 1993. Shrub genetic diversity and development. In: Gaston, A.; Kenick, M.; Le Honérou, eds. Proceedings of the Fourth International Rangeland Congress; 1991 April 22-26; Montpellier, France. Montpellier, France: Association Francaise de Pastoralisme: 392-396.

Meyer, S. E.; Monsen, S. B. 1993. Genetic considerations in propagating native shrubs, forbs, and grasses from seed. In: Landis, T. D., technical coordinator. Proceedings, Western Forest Nursery Association; 1992 September 14-18; Fallen Leaf, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-221. Ft. Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 47-54.

Monsen, S. B.; Anderson, V. J. 1993. A 52-year ecological history of selected introduced and native grasses planted in central Idaho. In: Proceedings of the XVII International Grassland Congress; 1993 February 8-21; Palmerston North, New Zealand. Palmerston North, New Zealand: Keeling & Mundy (1983) Ltd.: 1740-1741.

Pellant, M.; Monsen, S. B. 1993. Rehabilitation on public rangelands in Idaho, USA: a change in emphasis from grass monocultures. In: Proceedings of the XVII International Grassland Congress. 1993 February 8-21, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Palmerston North, New Zealand: Keeling & Mundy (1983) Ltd.: 778-779.

Stutz, H. C. Chu, G-L.; Sanderson, S. C. 1993. Resurrection of the genus Endolepis and clarification of Atriplex phyllostegia (Chenopodiaceae). American Journal of Botany. 80: 592-597.

Walker, S. C. 1993. Effects of cattle and big game on the secondary succession of aspen-conifer understory following fire. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 44 p. M.S. thesis.

Weber, D. J.; Hegerhorst, D. F.; Bhat, R. B.; McArthur, E. D. 1993. Rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus), a multi-use desert shrub. In: Lieth, H.; Al Massoom, A., eds. Towards a rational use of high salinity tolerant plants, volume 2. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers: 343-350.

Weber, D. J.; Nelson, D. L. 1993. Die-off of Utah Juniper: Natural Bridges National Monument. In: Sixteenth Annual Report, 1992. Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming, National Park Service Research Center: 167-171.

Welch, B. L. 1993. Strategies for maintenance and restoration of soil, water, flora, and fauna resources in a cold temperate rangeland. I. Grass is not always king; manage for diversity. In: Proceedings of the XVII International Grassland Congress; 1993 February 8-21; Palmerston North, New Zealand. Palmerston North, New Zealand: Keeling & Mundy (1983) Ltd.: 1775-1777.

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1994

Allen, P. S., Debaene-Gill, S. B.; Meyer, S. E. 1994. Regulation of germination timing in faculatively fall-emerging grasses. In: Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 215-219.

Austin, D. D.; Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. R.; Urness, p. J. 1994. Preferences of mule deer for 16 grasses found on Intermountain winter ranges. Journal of Range Management. 47: 308-311.

Beckstead, J. 1994. Between-population differences in the germination ecophysiology of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) and squirreltail (Elymus elmoides) during after-ripening. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 101 p. M.S. thesis.

Belnap, J.; Harper, K. T.; Warren, S. D. 1994. Surface disturbance cyrptobiotic soil crusts: nitrogenase activity, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll degradation. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation. 8: 1-8.

Criddle, R. S.; Hopkin, M. S.; McArthur, E. D.; Hansen, L. D. 1994. Plant distribution and the temperature coefficient of metabolism. Plant, Cell, and Environment. 17: 233-243.

Davis, J. N. 1994a. Curlearf mountain-maghogany: SRM 415. In: Shiflet, T. N., ed. Rangeland cover types of the United States. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 54-55.

Davis, J. N. 1994b. Littleleaf mountain-maghogany: SRM 417. In: Shiflet, T. N., ed. Rangeland cover types of the United States. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 56.

Davis, J. N. 1994c. Mountain-maghogany types. In: Shiflet, T. N., ed. Rangeland cover types of the United States. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 54.

Davis, J. N. 1994d. True mountain-maghogany: SRM 416. In: Shiflet, T. N., ed. Rangeland cover types of the United States. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 55-56.

Hall, D. B. 1994. Shrub recruitment inhibition in different herbaceious understories. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 58 p. M. S. thesis.

Harper, K. T.; McArthur, E. D. 1994. Gambel oak: SRM 413. In: Shiflet, T. N., ed. Rangeland cover types of the United States. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 51-53.

Katzner, T. E. 1994. Winter ecology of the pygmy rabbit (Brachylagus idahoenis) in Wyoming. Laramie, WY: University of Wyoming. 125 p. M. S. thesis.

Kitchen, S. G. Perennial forb life-history strategies on semiarid rangelands: implications for revegetation. In: Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 342-346.

Kitchen, S. G.; Monsen, S. B. 1994. Germination rate and emergence success in bluebunch wheatgrass. Journal of Range Mangement. 47: 145-150.

Klemmedson, J. O.; Tiedemann, A. R. 1994. Soil and vegetation development in an abandoned sheep corral on degraded subalpine rangeland. Great Basin Naturalist. A54: 301-312.

McArthur, E. D. 1994. Ecology, distribution, and values of sagebrush within the Intermountain region. In: Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 347-351.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Webb, B. L. 1994. Nutritive quality and mineral content of potential desert tortoise food plants. Res. Pap. INT-473. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 26 p.

Meyer, S. E. 1994. Germination and establishment ecology of big sagebrush; implications for community restoration. In: Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 244-251.

Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. G. 1994a. Life history variation in blue flax (Linum perenne: Linaceae): seed germination phenology. American Journal of Botany. 81: 528-535.

Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. G. 1994b. Habitat-correlated variation in seed germination response to chilling in Penstemon section Glabri (Scrophulariaceae). American Midland Naturalist. 132: 349-365.

Monsen, S. B. 1994a. Selection of plants for fire suppression on semiarid sites. In: Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 363-373.

Monsen, S. B. 1994b. The competitive influences of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) on site restoration. In: Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 43-50.

Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. 1994. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 416 p. Pendleton, B. K.; Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Pendleton, R. L. 1994. Growth, reproduction, and life history features of fourwing saltbush grown in a common garden. In: Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 136-139.

Pendleton, R. L.; McArthur, E. D. 1994. Reproductive biology of bitterbrush: interaccessional hybridization grown in a common garden. In: Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 268-270.

Sanderson, S. C.; Stutz, H. C. 1994a. High chromosome numbers in Mojavean and Sonoran Desert Atriplex canescens (Chenopodiaceae). American Journal of Botany. 81: 1045-1053.

Sanderson, S. C.; Stutz, H. D. 1994b. Woody chenopods useful for rangeland reclamation in western North America. In: Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 374-378.

Stevens, R. 1994. Interseeding and transplanting to enhance species composition. In: Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 300-306.

Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. R. 1994. Rangeland species germination through 25 and up to 40 years. In: Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G., comps. Proceedings-Ecology and Management of Annual Rangelands; 1992 May 18-21; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 257-265.

Stutz, H. C.; Chu, G-L.; Sanderson, S. C. 1994. Atriplex asterocarpa (Chenopodiace), a new species from southern Utah and northern Arizona. Madroño. 41: 199-204.

Upper Colorado Environmental Plant Center; Utah Division of Wildlife Resources: Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station-Colorado State University; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station-Utah State University; U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station-Shrub Sciences Laboratory; U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service-Forage and Range Research Laboratory; U. S. Department of Agriculture-Soil Conservation Service-Ecological Sciences Division. 1994. Notice of naming and release of 'Timp' Utah sweetvetch (Hedysarum boreale Nutt.) for soil improvement and early spring forage for both wildlife and lifestock. Meeker, CO: Upper Colorado Environmental Plant Center. 4 p.

Weber, D. J.; Gang, D. R.; Halls, S. C.; Smith, B. N.; McArthur, E. D. 1994. Inheritance of hydrocarbons in subspecific big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) hybrids. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 22: 689-697.

Welch, B. L. 1994. Rangeland shrubs. In: Arntzen, C. J., ed., Encyclopedia of Agricultural Science, volume 3. San Diego, CA: Academic Press: 575-586.

Welch, B. L.; Briggs, S. F.; Young, S. A. 1994. Pine Valley Ridge source-a superior selected germplasm of black sagebrush. Res. Pap. INT-474. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 9 p.

Welsh, S. L. 1994. New taxa and new nomenclatural combinations in the Utah flora. Rhodora. 95: 392-421.

Yorks, T. p. ; West, N. E.; Capels, K. M. 1994. Changes in pinyon-juniper woodlands in western Utah's Pine Valley between 1933-1989. Journal of Range Management. 47: 359-364.

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1995

Allen, P. S.; Meyer, S. E.; Beckstead, J. 1995. Patterns of seed after-ripening in Bromus tectorum. Journal of Experimental Botany. 46: 1737-1744.

Beckstead, J.; Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. S. 1995. Effects of after-ripening on cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) and squirreltail (Elymus elmoides) germination. In: Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haley, J. S.; Mann, D. K., compliers. Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium; 1993 October 19-21; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-315. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 165-172.

Belnap, J.; Harper, K. T. 1995. Influence of cryptobiotic soil crusts on elemental content of tissue of two desert seed plants. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation. 9: 107-115.

Farmer, M. E. 1995. The effect of anchor chaining pinyon-juniper woodland on watershed values and big game animals in central Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 46 p. M.S. thesis.

Davis, J. N.; Vernon, J. L.; Smith, B. H.; Applegate, C. K.; Farmer, M. E.; Kinnard, C.; Scott, J. 1995a. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1990. Pub. 95-11. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 655 p.

Davis, James N.; Vernon, J. L.; Farmer, M. E. 1995b. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1991. Pub. 95-22. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 563 p.

Freeman, D. C.; Emlen, J. M. 1995. Assessment of interspecific interactions in plant communities: an illustration from the cold desert saltbush grasslands of North America. Journal of Arid Environments. 31: 179-198.

Freeman, D. C.; Graham, J. H.; Byrd, D. W.; McArthur, E. D.; Turner, W. A. 1995. Narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata (Asteraceae). III. Developmental instability. American Journal of Botany. 82: 1144-1152.

Graham, J. H.; Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1995. Narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata: Asteraceae). II. Selection gradients and hybrid fitness. American Journal of Botany. 82: 709-716.

Grover, M. C.; DeFalco, L. A. 1995. Desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii): status-of-knowledge outline with references. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-316. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 134 p.

Hall, D. B.; Monsen, S. B.; Anderson, V. J. 1995. Influence of herbaceous understory on native shrub recruitment. Rangelands. 17: 12-14.

Kitchen, S. G. 1995. Return of the native: a look at select accessions of North American Lewis flax. In: Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haley, J. S.; Mann, D. K., compliers. Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium; 1993 October 19-21; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-315. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 321-326.

McArthur, E. D.; Blauer, A. C.; Monsen, S. B.; Sanderson, S. C. 1995a. Plant inventory, succession, and reclamation alternatives on disturbed lands in Grand Teton National Park. In: Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haley, J. S.; Mann, D. K., compliers. Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium; 1993 October 19-21; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-315. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 343-358.

McArthur, E. D.; Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B. 1995b. Adaptation and success of big sagebrush and rubber rabbitbrush on disturbed lands. In: Shuman, G. E.; Vance, G. F., eds. Proceedings of the 12th Annual National Meeting of the American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation; 1995 June 3-8; Gillette, WY. Princeton, WV:; American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation: 811-823.

McArthur, E. D.; Tausch, R. J. 1995. Genetic aspects of the biodiversity of rangeland plants. In: West, N. E., ed. Biodiversity on rangelands. Logan, UT: Utah State University, College of Natural Resources, Natural Resources and Environmental Issues, volume IV: 5-20.

Memmott, K. L. 1995. Seasonal dynamics of forage shrub nutrients and season grazing impact on cryptogamic crusts. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 42 p. M.S. thesis.

Meyer, S. E.; Beckstead, J.; Allen, P. S.; Pullman, H. 1995a. Germination eccophysiology of Leymus cinereus (Poaceae). International Journal of Plant Science. 156: 20-6-215.

Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. G. 1995. First the seed: a restorationist's perspective. Hortus Northwest. 6 (2): 4-8, 42-43.Meyer, S. E.; Kitchen, S. G.; Carlson, S. L. 1995b. Seed germination timing patterns in Intermountain Penstemon (Scrophulariaceae). American Journal of Botany. 82: 377-389.

Monsen, S. B.; McArthur, E. D. 1995. Implications of early Intermountain range and watershed restoration practices. In: Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haley, J. S.; Mann, D. K., compliers. Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium; 1993 October 19-21; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-315. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 16-25.

Moore, K. D. 1995. Effects of seed size on germination and emergence of burnet (Sanguisorba) Sco p. (Rosaceae) and variation in drought tolerance within and among ecotypes of small burnet (Sanguisorba minor) Scop. (Rosaceae). Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 76 p. M.S. thesis.

Mudge, J. 1995. A genetic map of Saccharum officinarum (La Purple) using RAPD single-dose markers. Provo, UT: 33 p. M. S. thesis.

Pendleton, B. K.; Meyer, S. E.; Pendleton, R. L. 1995. Blackbrush ecology: insights after three years of a long-term study. In: Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haley, J. S.; Mann, D. K., compliers. Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium; 1993 October 19-21; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-315. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 223-227.

Ramsey, T.; Stutz, H. C.; Nelson, D. L. 1995. Seeding failure in Atriplex (Chenopodiaceae) due to "damping-off". In: Shuman, G. E.; Vance, G. F., eds. Proceedings of the 12th Annual National Meeting of the American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation; 1995 June 3-8; Gillette, WY: 757-761.

Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D. 1995. Introduction: wildland shrub and arid land restoration. In: Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haley, J. S.; Mann, D. K., compliers. Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium; 1993 October 19-21; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-315. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 1-2.

Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haley, J. S.; Mann, D. K., comps. 1995. Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium; 1993 October 19-21; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-315. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 384 p.

Shaw, N. L.; Monsen, S. B. 1995. 'Lassen' antelope bitterbrush. In: Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haley, J. S.; Mann, D. K., compliers. Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium; 1993 October 19-21; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-315. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 364-371.

Thacker, R. K. 1995. Comparison and use of four techniques for censusing three sub-species of kit fox. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 71 p. M. S. thesis.

Walker, S. C.; Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B.; Jorgensen, K. R. 1995. Interaction between native and seeded introduced grasses for 23 years following chaining of juniper-pinyon woodlands. In: Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haley, J. S.; Mann, D. K., compliers. Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium; 1993 October 19-21; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-315. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 372-380.

Weber, D. J.; Gang, D.; Halls, S.; Nelson, D. L. 1995. Juniper decline in Natural Bridges National Monument and in Canyonlands National Park. In: Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haley, J. S.; Mann, D. K., compliers. Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium; 1993 October 19-21; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-315. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 358-262.

Welch, B. L. 1995. Beyond twelve percent purity. In: Roundy, B. A.; McArthur, E. D.; Haley, J. S.; Mann, D. K., compliers. Proceedings: Wildland Shrub and Arid Land Restoration Symposium; 1993 October 19-21; Las Vegas, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-315. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 126-129.

Welch, B. L.; Cox, C. L.; Sales, T. K. 1995. Strutting sounds and strutting posturing of two Utah sage grouse populations. Res. Pap. INT-RP-485. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 8 p.

Welch, B. L.; Nelson, D. L. 1995. Black stem rust reduces big sagebrush seed production. Journal of Range Management. 48: 398-401.

Winward, A. H.; McArthur, E. D. 1995. Lahontan sagebrush (Artemisia arbuscula ss p. longicaulis): a new taxon. Great Basin Naturalist. 55: 151-157.

Young, S. A.; Kitchen, S. G.; Armstrong, G.; Watson, V. 1995. AOSCA approves certification guidelines for wild land collected seed. Seed World 133(1): 20-21

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1996

Alzerreca-Angelo, H. 1996. Spatial and temporal dynamics of plant populations in salt-desert shrub vegetation grazed by shee p. Logan, UT: Utah State University. 292 p. Ph.D. dissertation.Applegate, C. K. 1996. Allocation of forage among elk and cattle and vegetative composition of several joint elk-cattle use ranges in eastern Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 66 p. M.S. thesis.

Barrow, J. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Sosebee, R. E.; Tausch, R. J., comps. 1996. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Environment; 1995 May 23-25; Las Cruces, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-338. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 275 p.

Beck, J. L. 1996. Elk and domestic sheep interactions in an aspen-dominated ecosystem: use of, and impact on vegetation, hatitat, and minerals, as well as implications for ecosystem management. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 396 p. M. S. thesis.

Beck, J. L.; Flinders, J. T.; Nelson, D. R.; Clyde, C. L. 1996a. Dietary overlap and preference of elk an domestic sheep in aspen-dominated habitats in north-central Utah. In: Evans, K. E., com p. Sharing Common Ground on Western Rangelands: Proceedings of a Livestock/Big Game Symposium. 1996 February 26-28, Sparks, NV. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-343. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 81-85.

Beck, J. L.; Flinders, J. T.; Nelson, D. R.; Clyde, C. L.; Smith, H. D.; Hardin, P. J. 1996b. Elk and domestic sheep interaction in a north-central Utah aspen ecosystem. Res. Pap. INT-RP-491. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 114 p.

Beckstead, J.; Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. S. 1996. Bromus tectorum seed germination: between-population and between-year variation. Canadian Journal of Botany. 74: 875-882.

Belnap, J. 1996. Soil surface disturbances in cold deserts: effects on nitrogenase activity in cyanobacterial-lichen soil crusts. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 23: 362-367.

Buttars, S. M. 1996. Pelletized cyanobacterial soil amendments: laboratory testing for survival, escapability, and nitrogen fixation. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 43 p. M.S. thesis.

Christensen, M.; Meyer, S. C.; Allen, P. S. 1996. A hydrothermal time model of seed after-ripening in Bromus tectorum L. Seed Science Research. 6: 155-163.

Davis, J. N.; Farmer, M. E.; Vernon, J. L.; Applegate, C. K. 1996a. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1993. Pub. 96-18. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 118 p.

Davis, J. N.; Farmer, M. E.; Vernon, J. L.; Kelley, D. C. 1996b. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1992. Pub. 96-10. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 513 p.

Davis, J. N.; Farmer, M. E.; Vernon, J. L.; Kelley, D. C.; Baldwin, B. D.; Green, A. D. 1996c. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1994 volume 1. Pub. 96-23. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 475 p.

Davis, J. N.; Farmer, M. E.; Vernon, J. L.; Kelley, D. C. 1996d. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1994 volume 2. Pub. 96-24. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 348 p.

Emlen, J. M.; Freeman, D. C.; Escos, J. M.; Alados, C. L. 1996. Interaction assessment: predicting the impacts of alternate range management actions. In: Barrow, J. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Sosebee, R. E.; Tausch, R. J., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Environment; 1995 May 23-25; Las Cruces, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-338. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 178-181.

Freeman, D. C.; Emlen, J. M; Graham, J. H.; Mara, R. L.; Tracy, M.; Alados, C. L. 1996. Developmental instability as a bioindicator of ecosystem health. In: Barrow, J. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Sosebee, R. E.; Tausch, R. J., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Environment; 1995 May 23-25; Las Cruces, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-338. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 170-177.

Garvin, S. C.; Meyer, S. E.; Carlson, S. L. 1996. Seed germination studies in Atriplex confertifolia (Torr. & Frem.) Wats. In: Barrow, J. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Sosebee, R. E.; Tausch, R. J., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Environment; 1995 May 23-25; Las Cruces, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-338. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 165-169.

Harper, K. T.; Van Buren, R.; Kitchen, S. G. 1996. Invasion of alien annuals and ecological consequences in salt desert shrubs of western Utah. In: Barrow, J. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Sosebee, R. E.; Tausch, R. J., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Environment; 1995 May 23-25; Las Cruces, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-338. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 58-65.

Kitchen, S. G.; Hall, D. B. 1996a. Community stability in a salt-desert shrubland grazed by sheep: the Desert Experimental Range story. In: Barrow, J. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Sosebee, R. E.; Tausch, R. J., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Environment; 1995 May 23-25; Las Cruces, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-338. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 102-107.

Kitchen, S. G.; Hall, D. B. 1996b. Diversity and sheep grazing-induced compositional shifts in salt-desert communities (USA). In: West, N. E., ed. Rangelands in a Sustainable Biosphere, Proceedings of the Fifth International Rangeland Congress; 1995 July 23-28; Salt Lake City, UT. Volume 1. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 292-293.

Kitchen, S. G.; McArthur, E. D. 1996. Desert Experimental Range. In: Schmidt, W. C.; Friede, J. L., comps. Experimental Forests, Ranges, and Watersheds in the northern Rocky Mountains: a compendium of outdoor laboratories in Utah, Idaho, and Montana. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-334. . Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 15-21.

Kitchen, S. G.; Monsen, S. B. 1996. Arrowleaf balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata) seed germination and establishment success (Utah). Restoration & Management Notes. 14: 180-181.

Liao, J. 1996. Phenological development and seed germination characteristics of rush skeltonweed in southwestern Idaho. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 57 p. M.S. thesis.

McArthur, E. D.; Monsen, S. B. 1996. Great Basin Experimental Range. In: Schmidt, W. C.; Friede, J. L., comps. Experimental Forests, Ranges, and Watersheds in the northern Rocky Mountains: a compendium of outdoor laboratories in Utah, Idaho, and Montana. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-334. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 23-30.

McArthur, E. D.; Ott, J. E. 1996. Potential natural vegetation in the 17 conterminous western United States. In: Barrow, J. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Sosebee, R. E.; Tausch, R. J., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Environment; 1995 May 23-25; Las Cruces, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-338. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 16-28.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1996. Twist Hollow: a Mojave Desert restoration project. In: West, N. E., ed. Rangelands in a Sustainable Biosphere, Proceedings of the Fifth International Rangeland Congress; 1995 July 23-28; Salt Lake City, UT. Volume 1. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 350-351.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Davis, J. N. 1996. Adaptation of forage kochia accessions across an environmental gradient in Rush Valley, Utah. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation. 10: 125-138.

Messina, F. J.; Richards, J. H.; McArthur, E. D. 1996. Variable responses of insects to hybrid versus parental sagebrush in common gardens. Oecologia. 107: 513-521.Meyer, S. E. 1996. Native versus native: an ecologist's perspective. In: Keammerer, W. R., ed. High Altitude Revegetation Workshop 12; 1996 February 21-23; Fort Collins, CO. Information Series 83. Fort Collins, CO: Colorado State University, Colorado Water Resources Research Institute: 48-55.

Monaco, T. A. 1996. Use of dark respiration to determine optimal adaptability in native Great Basin plant species. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 74 p. M.S. thesis.Monaco, T. A.; Smith, B. N.; Hemming, D.; Hansen, L. D.; Monsen, S. B.; Carlson, S. L. 1996. Dark respiration comparisons of forbs and grasses from common gardens. In: Barrow, J. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Sosebee, R. E.; Tausch, R. J., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Environment; 1995 May 23-25; Las Cruces, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-338. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 210-213.

Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N. L. 1996. Interseeding fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) with crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) for winter livestock grazing. In: West, N. E., ed. Rangelands in a Sustainable Biosphere, Proceedings of the Fifth International Rangeland Congress; 1995 July 23-28; Salt Lake City, UT. Volume 1. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 381-382.

Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R.; Walker, S. C. 1996. The competitive influence of seeded smooth brome (Bromus inermis) and intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyron intermedium) within aspen-mountain brush communities of central Utah. In: West, N. E., ed. Rangelands in a Sustainable Biosphere, Proceedings of the Fifth International Rangeland Congress; 1995 July 23-28; Salt Lake City, UT. Volume 1. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 379-380.

Pendleton, R. L.; Nelson, S. D.; Rodriquez, R. L. 1996. Do soil factors determine the distribution of spineless hopsage (Grayia brandgei)? In: Barrow, J. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Sosebee, R. E.; Tausch, R. J., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Environment; 1995 May 23-25; Las Cruces, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-338. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 205-209.

Pendleton, R. L.; Warren, S. D. 1996. Effects of cryptobiotic soil crusts and VA mycorrhizal inoculation on growth of five rangeland plant species. In: West, N. E., ed. Rangelands in a Sustainable Biosphere, Proceedings of the Fifth International Rangeland Congress; 1995 July 23-28; Salt Lake City, UT. Volume 1. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management: 436-437.

Ruas, C de F. 1996. Cytogenetic and molecular studies in the genus Atriplex. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 113 p. Ph.D. dissertation.

Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. R.; Young, S. A.; Monsen, S. B. 1996. Forb and shrub seed production guide for Utah. Logan, UT: Utah State University Extension Service. 51 p.

Stevens, R.; Walker, S. C. 1966. Juniper-pinyon population dynamics over 30 years following anchor chaining. In: Barrow, J. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Sosebee, R. E.; Tausch, R. J., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Environment; 1995 May 23-25; Las Cruces, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-338. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 125-128.

Tiedemann, A. R.; Clary, W. P. 1996. Nutrient distribution in Quercus gambelii stands in central Utah. Great Basin Naturalist. 56: 119-128.

Vogler, D. R.; Cobb, F. W., Jr.; Geils, B. W.; Nelson, D. L. 1996. Isozyme diversity among hard pine stem rust fungi in the western United States. Canadian Journal of Botany. 74: 1058-1070.

Walker, S. C.; Mann, D. K.; McArthur, E. D. 1996. Plant community changes over 54 years within the Great Basin Experimental Range, Manti-La Sal National Forest. In: Barrow, J. R.; McArthur, E. D.; Sosebee, R. E.; Tausch, R. J., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecosystem Dynamics in a Changing Environment; 1995 May 23-25; Las Cruces, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-338. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 66-68.

Wang, Z. 1996. Ecological analysis of a stable hybrid zone between two big sagebrush subspecies (Artemisia tridentata ss p. tridentata and A. t. ss p. vaseyana) in Utah. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University. 132 p. Ph.D. dissertation.

Welch, B. L. 1996. Effects of humidity on storing big sagebrush seed. 1996. Res. Pap. INT-RP-493. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 5 p.

Welch, B. L.; Briggs, S. F.; Johansen, J. H. 1996. Big sagebrush seed storage. Res. Note INT-RN-430. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 3 p.

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1997

Currans, S. P. Kitchen, S. G.; Lambert, S. M. 1997. Ensuring identity and quality of native seeds. In: Shaw, N. L.; Roundy, B. A., comps. Proceedings: Using Seed of Native Species on Rangelands; 1997 February 18; Rapid City, SD. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-372. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 17-20.

Freeman, D. C.; Lovett Doust, J.; El-Keblawy, A.; Miglia, K. J.; McArthur, E. D. 1997. Sexual specialization and inbreeding avoidance in the evolution of dioecy. Botanical Review. 63: 65-92.

Jones, A. R. 1997. Calorimetric studies of stress effects on the respiration and growth of radish, small burnet, and alfalfa. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 74 p. M. S. thesis.

Meyer, S. E. 1997a. Arctomecon. In: Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Volume 3. New York, NY: 312-313.

Meyer, S. E. 1997b. Ecological correlates of achene mass variation in Chrysothamnus nauseosus (Asteraceae). American Journal of Botany. 84: 471-477.

Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. S.; Beckstead, J. 1997. Seed germination regulation in Bromus tectorum (Poaceae) and its ecological significance. Oikos. 78: 475-485.

Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N. L. 1997. Persistence of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) amid bunchgrass/shrub steppe communities. In: Proceedings of the XVIII International Grassland Congress; 1997 June 8-19; Winnepeg, Manitoba and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada: 21-27-21-28.

Randall, P. F. 1997. Sex determination in dioecous species of Atriplex L. Provo, UT: Brigham Young Unversity. 48 p. M.S. thesis.

Stevens, A. R. 1997. Squirreltail (Elymus elymoides) establishment and competition with cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum). Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 57 p. Ph. D. dissertation.

Stutz, H. C.; Chu, G-L.; Sanderson, S. C. 1997. Atriplex erecticaulis (Chenopodiaceae): a new species from south-central California. Madroño. 44: 89-94.

Tew, R. K.; Kitchen, S. G.; Holmgren, R. C. 1997. Soil survey-Desert Experimental Range, Utah. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-347. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 22 p.

Tiedemann, A. R. Lambert, S. M.; Carlson, J. R.; Perry, C. J.; Shaw, N. L.; Welch, B. L.; Driver, C. H. 1997. 'Umatilla' snow buckwheat for rangeland restoration in the interior Pacific Northwest. Rangelands. 19: 22-25.

Upper Colorado Environmental Plant Center; U. S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service; U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermoutain Research Station; Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station. 1997. Release notice of 'Maybell Source' antelope bitterbrush, Purshia tridentata as a unique low-growing ecotype for wildlife and rangeland use. Meeker, CO: Upper Colorado Environmental Plant Center. 5 p.

Wang, H.; McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Graham, J. H.; Freeman, D. C. 1997. Narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata: Asteraceae). IV. Reciprocal transplant experiments. Evolution. 51: 95-102.

Welch, B. L. 1997a. Comment: big sagebrush pro versus con. Journal of Range Management. 50: 322-323.

Welch, B. L. 1997b. Seeded versus containerized big sagebrush plants for seed-increase gardens. Journal of Range Management. 50: 611-614.

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1998

Alados, C. L.; Emlen, J. M.; Wachocki, B.; Freeman, D. C. 1998. Instability of development and fractal architecture in dryland plants as an index of grazing pressure. Journal of Arid Environments. 38: 63-76.

Allen, P. S.; Meyer, S. E. 1998. Ecological aspects of seed dormancy loss. Seed Science Research. 8: 183-191.

Alzerreca-Angelo, H.; Schupp, E. W.; Kitchen, S. G. 1998. Sheep grazing and plant cover dynamics of a shadscale community. Journal of Range Mangement. 51: 214-222.

Ayre, K. K. 1998. Xylem cavitation and tolerance to freezing and water stress in sagebrush. Salt Lake City, UT: Unversity of Utah. 162 p. Ph.D dissertation.Bauer, M. C.; Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. S. 1998. A simulation model to predict seed dormancy loss in the field for Bromus tectorum L. Journal of Experimental Botany. 49: 12335-1244.

Bradford, D. F.; Franson, S. E.; Neale, A. C.; Heggem, D. T.; Miller, G. R.; Canterbury, G. E. 1998. Bird species assemblages as indicators of biological integrity in Great Basin rangeland. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 49: 1-22.

Buttars, S. M.; St. Clair, L. L.; Johansen, J. R.; Sray, J. C.; Payne, M. C.; Webb, B. L.; Terry, R. E.; Pendleton, B. K.; Warren, S. D. 1998. Pelletized cyanobacterial soil amendments: laboratory testing for survival, escapability, and nitrogen fixation. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation. 12: 165-178.

Cibils, A. F.; Swift, D. M.; McArthur, E. D. 1998. Plant-herbivore interactions in Atriplex:; current state of knowledge. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-14. Ogden, UT: Rocky Mountain Research Station. 31 p.

Davis, J. N.; Farmer, M. E.; Vernon, J. L.; Kelley, D. C.; Whitworth, A. J. 1998a. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1995. Pub. 98-1. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 692 p.

Davis, J. N.; Farmer, M. E.; Vernon, J. L.; Green, A. D.; Kelley, D. C.; Thompson, T. W.; Whitworth, A. J. 1998b. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1996 volume 1. Pub. 98-9. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 602 p.

Davis, J. N.; Farmer, M. E.; Vernon, J. L.; Green, A. D.; Kelley, D. C.; Thompson, T. W.; Whitworth, A. J. 1998c. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1996 volume 2. Pub. 98-10. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 491 p.

Davis, J. N.; Vernon, J. L.; Farmer, M. E.; Green, A. D.; Kelley; D. C., Thompson, T. W.; Whitworth, A. J. 1998d. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1997 volume 1. Pub. 98-16. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 651 p.

Davis, J. N.; Vernon, J. L.; Farmer, M. E.; Green, A. D.; Kelley, D. C.; Thompson, T. W.; Whitworth, A. J. 1998e. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1997 volume 2. Pub. 98-21. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 711 p.

Davis, J. N.; Vernon, J. L.; Farmer, M. E.; Kelley, D. C.; Green, A. D. 1998f. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, North Book Cliffs. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 110 p.

Glenn, E.: Moore, D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Brown, J. J.; Lash, D.; Nelson, M. 1998. Comparison of growth and morphology of Atriplex canescens varieties occidentalis and angustifolia. Southwestern Naturalist. 43: 176-182.

Kitchen, S. G. 1998. Seed dormancy and germination requirements for needle-and-threed grass (Hesperostipa comata). The Seed Technolgist Newsletter: 72(2): 20.

Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E.; Stevens, R.; Wilson, G. R. 1998a. Proposal: addition for a generalized rule for the genus Penstemon-beardtongues, proposal # 52. The Seed Techologist Newsletter 72(1): 134-138.

Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E.; Stevens, R.; Wilson, G. R. 1998b. Proposal: change in the rule for Penstemon eatonii-firecracker penstemon, proposal # 51. The Seed Techologist Newsletter 72(1): 131-133.

Kitchen, S. G.; Stevens, R.; Wilson, G. R. 1998c. Proposal: addition of Achnatherum thurberianum-Thurber needlegrass to the rules, proposal # 54.The Seed Techologist Newsletter 72(1): 144-148.

Kitchen, S. G.; Stevens, R.; Wilson, G. R. 1998d. Proposal: addition of Balsamorhiza sagittata-arrowleaf balsamroot to the rules, proposal # 55.The Seed Techologist Newsletter 72(1): 149-152.

Kitchen, S. G.; Stevens, R.; Wilson, G. R. 1998e. Proposal: addition of Hesperostipa comata-needle-and-thread grass to the rules, proposal # 53.The Seed Techologist Newsletter 72(1): 139-143.

Kitchen, S. G.; Stevens, R.; Wilson, G. R. 1998f. Proposal: change in the rule for Kochia prostrata-forage kochia, proposal # 56.The Seed Techologist Newsletter 72(1): 153-155.

Klemmedson, J. O.; Tiedemann, A. R. 1998a. Litthosequence of soils and associated vegetation on subalpine range of the Wasatch Plateau, Utah. Res. Note PNW-RN-524. Portland, OR: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacfic Northwest Research Station. 16 p.

Klemmedson, J. O.; Tiedemann, A. R. 1998b. Soil-vegetation relations of recovering subalpine range of the Wasatch Plateau. Great Basin Naturalist. 58: 352-362.

Maywald, D.; McArthur, E. D.; Jorgensen, G. L.; Stevens, R.; Walker, S. C. 1998. Experimental evidence for sex-based palatability variation in fourwing saltbush. Journal of Range Management. 51: 650-654.

McArthur, E. D.; Freeman, D. C.; Graham, J. H.; Wang, H.; Sanderson, S. C.; Monaco, T. A.; Smith, B. N. 1998a. Narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata: Asteraceae). VI. Respiration and water potential. Canadian Journal of Botany. 76: 567-574.

McArthur, E. D.; Mudge, J.; Van Buren, R.; Andersen, W. R.; Sanderson, S. C.; Babble, D. G. 1998b. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) of big Artemisia subgenus Tridentatae species and hybrids. Great Basin Naturalist. 58: 12-27.

McArthur, E. D.; Van Buren, R.; Sanderson, S. C.; Harper, K. T. 1998c. Taxonomy of Sphaeromeria, Artemisia, and Tanacetum (Compositae, Anthemideae) based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Great Basin Naturalist. 5: 1-11.

Memmott, K. L.; Anderson, V. J.; Monsen, S. B. 1998. Seasonal grazing impact on cryptogamic crusts in a cold desert ecosystem. Journal of Range Management. 51: 547-550.Meyer, S. E.; Carlson, S. L.; Garvin, S. C. 1998. Seed germination regulation and field seed bank carryover in shadscale (Atriplex confertifolia: Chenopodiaceae). Journal of Arid Environments. 38: 255-267.

Pendleton, B. K.; Pendleton, R. L. 1998. Pollination biology of Coleogyne ramosissima (Rosaceae). Southwestern Naturalist. 43: 376-380.Stevens, R.; Walker, S. C. 1998. Salt ceder control. Rangelands. 20: 9-12.

S., A. 1998. 'Immigrant' forage kochia (Kochia prostrata) seed germination and viability as affected by commercial seed practices. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 61 p. M. S. thesis.

Stutz, H. C.; Chu, G-L.; Sanderson, S. C. 1998. Atriplex longitrichoma (Chenopodiaceae), a new species from southwestern Nevada and east-central California. Madroño. 45: 128-130.

Stutz, H. C.; Sanderson, S. C. 1998. Taxonomic clarification of Atriplex nuttallii (Chenopodiaceae) and its near relatives. Sida. 18: 193-212.Tarkalson, D. D. 1998. Mycorrhizal colonization and plant nutrition of three crops grown in untreated and manure-treated subsoils and topsoil. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 82 p. M.S. thesis.

Tarkalson, D. D.; Pendleton, R. L.; Jolley, V. D.; Robbins, C. W.; Terry, R. E. 1998. Preparing and staining mycorrhizal structures win dry bean, sweet corn, and wheat using a block digester. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 29: 2263-2268.

Wang, H.; Byrd, D. W.; H., J. L.; McArthur, E. D.; Graham, J. H.; Freeman, D. C. 1998. Narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata: Asteraceae). V. Soil properties. International Journal of Plant Science. 159: 139-147.

1999

Byrd, D. W.; McArthur, E. D.; Wang, H.; Graham, J. H.; Freeman, D. C. 1999. Narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata (Asteraceae). VIII. Spatial and temporal patterns of terpenes. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 27: 11-25.

Davis, J. N.; Vernon, J. L.; Farmer, M. E.; Green, A. D.; Thompson, T. W. 1999a. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1998 volume 2. Pub. 99-07. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 580 p.

Davis, J. N.; Vernon, J. L.; Farmer, M. E.; Green, A. D.; Thompson, T. W.; Whitworth, A. J. 1999b. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1998 volume 1. Pub. 99-03. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 658 p. Farmer, M. E.; Harper, K. T.; Davis, J. N. 1999. The influence of anchor-chaining on watershed health in a juniper-pinyon woodland in central Utah. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 299-301.

Freeman, D. C.; Miglia, K. J.; McArthur, E. D.; Graham, J. H.; Wang, H. 1999a. Narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata: Asteraceae). X. Performance in reciprocal transplant gardens. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 15-24.

Freeman, D. C.; Wang, H.; Sanderson, S. C.; McArthur, E. D. 1999b. Characterization of a narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata, Asteraceae). VII. Community and demographic analyses. Evolutionary Ecology Research 1: 487-502.Gardner, P. A.; Stevens, R.; Howe, F. p. 1999. A handbook of riparian restoration and revegetation for the conservation of land birds in Utah with an emphasis on habitt types in middle and lower elevations. Publication UDWR-99-38. Salt Lake City, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. 48 p.

Gardner, Paul A.; Stevens, Ricahrd; Howe, Frank P. 1999. A handbook of riparian restoration and revegetation for the conservation of land birds in Utah with emphasis on habitat types in middle and lower elevations. In: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources Publication Number 99-38. Salt Lake City, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife resources: 48 p.

Goodrich, S.; McArthur, E. D.; Huber, A.; Ott, J. E. 1999a. Ungulate browsing of two populations of rubber rabbitbrush. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 196-199.

Goodrich, S.; McArthur, E. D.; Winward, A. H. 1999b. Sagebrush ecotones and average annual precipitation. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 88-94.

Graham, J. H.; Freeman, D. C.; Wang, H.; McArthur, E. D. 1999. Ecological analysis of the big sagebrush hybrid zone. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 11-14.

Hall, D. B.; Anderson, V. J.; Monsen, S. B. 1999. Competitive effects of bluebunch wheatgrass, crested wheatgrass, and cheatgrass on antelope bitterbrush seedling emergence and survival. Res. Pap. RMRS-RP-16. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 7 p.

Harper, K. T.; Davis, J. N. 1999. Biotic, edaphic, and other factors influencing pinyon-juniper distribution in the Great Basin. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 51-54.

Hemming, D. J. B.; Meyer, S. E.; Smith, B. N.; Hansen, L. D. 1999. Respiration characteristics differ among cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) populations. Great Basin Naturalist. 59: 355-360.Jones, A.; Smith, B. N.; Hansen, L. D.; Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R. 1999. Calorimetric study of the effects of water and temperature on the respiration and growth of small burnet and alfalfa. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 134-137.

Kitchen, S. G.; Jorgensen, G. L. 1999. Annualization of rodent burrow clusters and winterfat decline in a salt-desert community. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 175-180.

Kitchen, S. G.; McArthur, E. D.; Jorgensen, G. L. 1999a. Species richness and community structure along a Great Basin elevational gradient. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 59-65.

Kitchen, S. G.; Walker, S. C.; Wilson, G. R. 1999b. Addition of Ephedra nevadensis-Nevada ephedra to the rules, proposal 9. The Seed Technologist Newsletter. 73(1): 4 p. Kitchen, S. G.; Walker, S. C.; Wilson, G. R. 1999c. Addition to the revised procedures for Heterostipa comata-needle-and-thread grass to the rules, proposal 8. The Seed Technologist Newsletter. 73(1): 6 p.

Kolb, K. J.; Sperry, J. S. 1999. Differences in drought adaptation between subspecies of sagebrush (Artemisa tridentata). Ecology. 80: 2373-2384.McArthur, E. D.; Monsen, S. B.; Stevens. R. 1999a. Field trip report: shrubland ecotones. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 293-299.

McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, C. L., comps. 1999b. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 299 p.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1999a. Cytogeography and chromosome evolution of subgenus Tridentatae of Artemisia (Asteraceae). American Journal of Botany. 86 (12): 1754-1775.McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1999b. Ecotones: introduction, scale, and big sagebrush example. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 3-8.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1999c. Great Sand Dunes National Monument vegetation base study. In: Schenk, ed. Hydrologic, Geologic, and Biologic Research at Great Sand Dunes National Monument and Vicinity, Colorado-Proceedings of National Park Service Research Symposium No. 1; 1992 November5; Mosca, CO. Denver, CO: U. S. Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey: 195-214.

McArthur, E. D.; Young, S. A. 1999. Development of native seed supplies to support restoration of pinyon-juniper sites. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 327-330.

Meyer, S. E. 1999. Genecological considerations in grassland restoration using wild-colleced seed. In: Buchanan-Smith, J. G.; Bailey, L. D.; and McCaughley, p. , eds. Proceedings of the XVIII International Grassland Congress, Volume 3, Invited Papers; 1997 June 8-17; Winnipeg and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Calgary, Alberta, Canada: Transaction Reporting Service, Association Management Center: 299-304.

Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. S. 1999a. Ecological genetics of seed germination regulation in Bromus tectorum L. I. Phenotypic variance among and within populations. Oecologia. 120: 27-34.Meyer, S. E.; Allen, P. S. 1999b. Ecological genetics of seed germination regulation in Bromus tectorum L. II. Reaction norms in response to water stress gradient imposed during seed maturation. Oecologia. 120: 35-43.

Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N. L. 1999. Re-establishing cool-season grasses on the sagebrush steepe, USA. In: Eldridge, D.; Fridemberger, D.. eds. People and Rangelands: Building the Future; Proceedings of the VI International Rangeland Congress. 1999 July 19-23; Townsville, Queensland, Australia. Aitkenvale, Queensland, Australia: VI International Rangeland Congress, Inc.: 583-584.

Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R.; 1999a. Symposium on pinyon and juniper ecology, restoration, and management: introduction. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 3-4.

Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. 1999b. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 411 p.

Naillon, D.; Memmott, K. L.; Monsen, S. B. 1999. A comparison of understory species at three densities is a pinyon-juniper woodland. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 72-75.

Pendleton, R. L.; Pendleton, B. K.; Warren, S. D. 1999. Response of blackbrush (Colegyne ramosissima) seedlings to inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 245-251.

Poulsen, C. L.; Walker, S. C.; Stevens, R. 1999. Soil seed banking in pinyon-juniper areas with differing levels of tree cover, understory density and composition. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 141-145.

Sanderson, S. C.; Stutz, H. C.; Stutz, M.; Roos, R. C. 1999. Chromosome races in Sarcobatus (Sarcobataceae, Caryophyllales). Great Basin Naturalist. 59: 301-314.Smith, B. N.; Eldredge, S.; Moulton, D. L.; Monaco, T. A.; Jones, A. R.; Hansen, L. D.; McArthur, E. D.; Freeman, D. C. 1999. Differences in temperature dependence of respiration distinguish subspecies and hybrid populations of big sagebrush: nature versus nurture. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 25-28.

Stevens, R. 1999a. Mechanical chaining and seeding. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 281-284.

Stevens, R. 1999b. Restoration of native communities by chaining and seeding. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 285-289.

Stevens, R.; Walker, S. C.; Wooley, S. 1999. Regrowth of 'Ladak' alfalfa on pinyon-juniper rangelands following various timing and types of spring use. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 352-354.

S., A.; Anderson, V. J.; Kitchen, S. G. 1999. 'Immigrant' forage kochia (Kochia prostrata) seed germination as affected by storage conditions. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 290-282.

Trley, D.; Roundy, B. A.; Walker, S. C. 1999. Twig demography of true mountain mahogany (Cerocarpus montanus Scop). In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 168-170.

Walker, S. C. 1999. Species compatibility and successional processes affecting weeding of pinyon-juniper types. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 331-337.

Walker, S. C.; Turley, D. 1999. Characteristics of mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus) species and hybrids in Utah hybrid zone. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 32-34.

-Wang, H,; McArthur, E. D.; Freeman, D. C. 1999. Narrow hybrid zone between two subspecies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata: Asteraceae). IX. elemental uptake and niche seperation. American Journal of Botany. 86: 1099-1107.

Waters, C. M.; Monsen, S. B. 1999. Stop, proceed with caution: Recommendations for the developing Australian native grass seed industry. In: Asher, C. J.; Bell, L. C., eds. Proceedings of Third Australian Workshop on Native Seed Biology for Revegetation; 1999 May 17-18; Perth. Australia. Perth,Australia: Australian

Webb, G. M. 1999. Occurance of birds on a Great Basin-Mohave Desert ecotone in southwestern Utah. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 35-39.

Weber, D. J.; Bunderson, E. D.; Davis, J. N.; Nelson, D. L.; Hreha, A. 1999. Diseases and environmental factors of the pinyon-juniper communities. In: Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R., comps. Proceedings: Ecology and Management of Pinyon-Juniper Communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-9. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 118-120.

Welch, B. L. 1999. Add three more to the list of big sagebrush eaters. In: McArthur, E. D.; Ostler, W. K.; Wambolt, D. C., comps. Proceedings: Shrubland Ecotones; 1998 August 12-14; Ephraim, UT. Proceedings RMRS-P-11. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 171-174.

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2000

Allen, P. S.; Meyer, S. E.; Kahn, M. A. 2000. Hydrothermal time as a tool in comparative germination studies. In: Black, M; Bradford, K. J.; Vázzques-Ramos, J., eds. Seed biology; advances and applications. Cambridge, United Kingdom: University Press: 401-410.

Davis, J. N.; Farmer, M. E.; Green, A. D. 2000a. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1999 volume 1. Pub. 00-01. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 574 p.

Davis, J. N.; Farmer, M. E.; Green, A. D. 2000b. Utah Big Game Range Trend Studies, 1999 volume 2. Pub. 00-02. Provo, UT: Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 609 p. Green, Ashley D. 2000. A comparison of small mammal abundance, richness, and diversity in relation to habitat variables in chained and native pinyon-juniper woodlands. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 42 p. M. S. thesis.

d De Soyza, Amrita G.; Van Zee, Justin W.; Whitford, Walter G.; Neale, Anne; Tallent-Hallsel, Nita; Herrick, J. E.; Havstad, Kris M. 2000. Indicators of Great Basin rangeland health. Journal of Arid Environments. 45:289-304e Soyza, Amrita G.; Van Zee, Justin W.; Whitford, Walter G.; Neale, Anne; Tallent-Hallsel, Nita; Herrick, J. E.; Havstad, Kris M. 2000. Indicators of Great Basin rangeland health. Journal of Arid Environments. 45:289-304

Sherwin, Richard E.; Stricklan, Dave; Rogers, Duke S. 2000. Roosting affinities of Townsends’s big-eared bat(Corynorhinus townsendii) in northern Utah. Journal of Mammalogy. 81 (4): 939-947. Sherwin, Richard E.; Stricklan, Dave; Rogers, Duke S. 2000. Roosting affinities of Townsends’s big-eared bat(Corynorhinus townsendii) in northern Utah. Journal of Mammalogy. 81 (4): 939-947.Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E.; Walker, S.; Wilson, G. R. 2000a. Rule change proposal no. 3: to amend instructions for paired tests to include non-woody species and multiple prechill treatments. The Seed Technologist Newsletter. 74(1): 79-80.

Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E.; Walker, S.; Wilson, G. R. 2000b. Rule change proposal no. 4: addition of Penstemon eatonii-firecracker penstemon and Penstemon palmerii-Palmer penstemon to table 1 of the rules. The Seed Technologist Newsletter. 74(1): 81-83.

Leidolf, A.; Wolfe, M. L.; Pendleton, R. L. 2000. Bird communities of Gambel oak: a descriptive analysis. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-48. Ft. Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 30 p.

Liao, J. D.; Monsen, S. B.; Anderson, V. J.; Shaw, N. L. 2000. Seed biology of rush skeltonweed in sagebrush steppe. Journal of Range Mangement. 53: 544-549.

McArthur, E. D. 2000. Sagebrush systematics and distribution. In: Entwistle, p. G.; DeBolt, A. M.; Kaltenecker, J. H. Steenholf, K., comps. Proceedings: Sagebrush Steppe Ecosystem Symposium; 1999 June 23-25; Boise, ID. BLM/ID/PT-001001+1150. Boise, ID: U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office: 9-14.

McArthur, E. D.; Kitchen, S.G.; Uresk, D. W.; Mitchell, J. E. 2000. Applicability of Montreal Process Criterion 2-productive capacity-to rangeland sustainability. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 7: 97-106.

Medin, D. E.; Welch, B. L.; Clary, W. P. 2000. Bird habitat relationships along a Great Basin elevational gradient. Res. Pap. RMRS-RP-23. Ft. Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 22 p.

Meyer, S. E.; Debaene-Gill, S. B.; Allen, P. S. 2000a. Using hydrothermal time concepts to model seed germination response to temperature, dormancy loss, and priming effects in Elymus elymoides. Seed Science Research. 10: 213-223.

Meyer, S. E.; Nelson, D. L.; Clement, S.; Paulsen, A. 2000b. Exploring the potential for biocontrol of cheatgrass with the headsmut pathogen. In: Entwistle, p. G.; DeBolt, A. M.; Kaltenecker, J. H. Steenholf, K., comps. Proceedings: Sagebrush Steppe Ecosystem Symposium; 1999 June 23-25; Boise, ID. BLM/ID/PT-001001+1150. Boise, ID: U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office: 70-72.

Meyer, S. E.; Paulsen, A. 2000. Chilling requirements for seed germination of 10 Utah species of perennial wild buckwheat (Eriogonum Michx. [Polygonaceae]). Native Plants Journal. 1: 18-24.

Meyer, S. E.; Pendleton, R. L. 2000. Genetic regulation of seed dormancy in Purshia tridentata (Roseaceae). Annals of Botany. 85: 521-529.

Monsen, S. B. 2000. Establishment of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) in semarid environments. In: Entwistle, p. G.; DeBolt, A. M.; Kaltenecker, J. H. Steenholf, K., comps. Proceedings: Sagebrush Steppe Ecosystem Symposium; 1999 June 23-25; Boise, ID. BLM/ID/PT-001001+1150. Boise, ID: U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office: 81-86.

Monsen, S. B.; Shaw, N. L. 2000. Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) communities-ecology, importance and restoration potential. In: 2000 Billings Land Reclamation Symposium. 2000 March 20-24, Billings, MT. Reclamation Rescearch Unit Publication No. 00-01. Bozeman, MT: Montana State University: 255-270.

Pendleton, R. L. 2000. Pre-inoculation by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus enhances male reproductive output of Cucurbita foetidissima. International Journal of Plant Science. 161: 683-689.

Pendleton, R. L.; Pendleton, B. K.; H., G. L. 2000a. Effects of microbiotic soil crust organisms and mycorrhizal fungi on seedling growth of blackbrush (Colegyne ramosissima). CERL Technical Report 99/108. Champaign, IL: Department of the Army, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Corps of Engineers. 26 p.

Pendleton, R. L.; Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 2000b. Gender specialization in heteodichogamous Grayia brandegie (Chenopodiaceae): evidence for an alternative pathway to dioecy. American Journal of Botany. 87: 508-516.

Shaw, N. L.; Monsen, S. B. 2000. Controlling annual grasses with Oust 7 herbicide. In: Entwistle, p. G.; DeBolt, A. M.; Kaltenecker, J. H. Steenholf, K., comps. Proceedings: Sagebrush Steppe Ecosystem Symposium; 1999 June 23-25; Boise, ID. BLM/ID/PT-001001+1150. Boise, ID: U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office: 66-69.

Sherwin, R. E.; Stricklan, D.; Rogers, D. S. 2000. Roosting affinities of Townsend's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii) in northern Utah. Journal of Mammalogy. 81: 939-947.

Vernon, J. L. 2000. The response of native species after two-way chaining and seeding in Utah. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 49 p. M.S. thesis.

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2001

2002

2004

Cosgriff, R.; Anderson, V. J.; Monsen, S. 2004. Restoration of communities dominated by false hellebore. Journal of Range Management. 57: 365-370.

Dalzell, C. R. 2004. Post-fire establishment of vegetation communities following reseeding on southern Idahoxs Snake River Plain. M. S. thesis, Boise State University, Boise, ID. 112 p.

Davis, J. N. Climate and terrain. p. 33-38 S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Davis, J. N. Research background p.15-17 in S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

DeBolt, A. 2004. Book Review: Lewis and Clarkxs green world: the expedition and its plants. A. Scott Earle and James L. Reveal. 2003. Helena, Montana: Farcountry Press. Ecological Restoration 22: 160-161.

DeBolt, A. M. 2004. Celtis reticulata Torr. p. 167-169. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Debolt, A.; Spurrier, C. S. 2004. Seeds of success and the millennium seed bank project. p. 100-108. In A. L. Hild, N. L. Shaw, S. E. Meyer, D. T. Booth, and E. D. McArthur (compilers). Seed and soil dynamics in shrubland ecosystems. Proceedings RMRS-P-31. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, UT.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Abrus precatorius L. p. 12-13. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Acacia retusa (Jacq.) H.. p. 19-20. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Acacia tortuosa (L.) Willd. p. 21-23. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis. J. K. 2004. Acer glabrum Torr. p. 24-26. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schlecht. p. 30-31. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Aegiphila martinicensis Jacq. p. 32-33. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Agave missionum Trel. p. 34-35. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Allamanda cathartica L. p. 36-37. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Amyris elemifera L. p. 38-39. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Ardisia elliptica Thunb. p. 43-44. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Argythamnia candicans Sw. p. 45-46. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Barleria prionitis L. p. 105-106. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Batis maritima L. p. 107-109. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Bixa orellana L. p. 112-114. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Bocconia frutescens L. p. 115-116. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Bonita daphnoides L. p. 117-118. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Borrichia arborescens (L.) DC. p. 119-120. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Bourreria virgata (Sw.) G. Don. p. 121-122. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Brickellia californica (Torr. & Gray) Gray. p. 123-124. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Bromelia pinguin L. p. 125-126. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Brunfelsia lacteal Krug & Urban. p. 127-128. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Caesalphinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. p. 129-131. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Caesaria sylvestris Sw. p. 151-153. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Cajanus cajan (Millsp.) p. 132-134. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait. f. p. 137-139. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Capparis indica (L.) Druce. p. 140-141. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Capraria biflora L. p. 142-143. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Capsicum annuum L. p. 114-146. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Capsicum frutescens L. p. 147-148. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Casearia decandra Jacq. p. 149-150. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Cassine xylocarpa Vent. p. 154-155. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Castela erecta Turp. p. 156-157. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. Ex Hook. p. 158-160. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Cestrum laurifolium LxHér. p. 186-187. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Cestrum diurnum L. p. 184-185. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Chiococca alba (L.) A.S. Hitchc. p. 192-193. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Chromolaena geraniifolia (Urban) King & H.E. Robins. p. 194-195. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & H.E. Robins. p. 196-198. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Chrysobalanus icaco L. p. 199-200. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Chrysophyllum oliviforme L. p. 201-202. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Cissampelos pareira L. p. 212-213. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle. p. 214-216. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Clematis orientalis L. p. 217-218. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Clibadium erosum (Sw.) DC. p. 219-220. In J. K. Francis (ed.).Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Clidemia cymosa (Wendl. Ex Spreng.) Alain. p. 221-222. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don. p. 223-224. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Coccoloba krugii Lindau. p. 225-226. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Coccoloba microstachya Willd. p. 227-228. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Coffea arabica L. p. 232-234. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Colubrina arborescens (P. Mill.) Sarge. p. 235-236. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Conocarpus erectus L. p. 240-242. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Corchorus hirsutus L. p. 243-244. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Cordia lima (Desv.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes. p. 245-246. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Cordia polycephala ( Lam.) I.M. J.ston. p. 247-248. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Coursetia caribaea (Jacq.) Lavin. p. 252-253. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Crataegus douglasii Lindl. p. 254-256. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Critonia portoricense (Urban) Britt. & Wilson. p. 257-258. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Crossopetalum rhacoma Crantz. p. 259-260. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Crotalaria lotifolia L. p. 261-262. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Crotalaria spectabilis. Roth. p. 263-265. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth. p. 266-267. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Cytisus scoparius(L.) Link. p. 275-277. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Dalbergia ecastaphyllum (L.) Taubert. p. 278-279. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Datura inoxia P. Mill. p. 286-288. Francis, J. K. 2004. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd. p. 289-290. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Distictis lactiflora (Vahl) DC. p. 291-292. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. D.a erecta L. p. 299-301. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Erithalis fruticosa L. p. 319-320. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Ernodea littoralis Sw. p. 321-322. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Erythroxylum areolatum L. p. 323-324. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Erythroxylum brevipes DC. p. 325-326. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Eugenia foetida Pers. p. 327-328. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Eugenia pseudopsidium Jacq. p. 329-330. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Faramea occidentalis (L.) A. Rich. p. 341-342. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Forestiera segregata (Jacq.) Krug & Urban. p. 345-346. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Furcraea foetida (L.) Haw. p. 350-351. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Gesneria pedunculosa (DC.) Fritsch. p. 352-353. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Gonzalagunia hirsuta (Jacq.) K. Schum. p. 354-355. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Gossypium hirsutum L. p. 356- 358. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Gouania lupuloides (L.) Urban. p. 359-360. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Guettarda elliptica Sw. p. 363-364. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Gundlachia corymbosa (Urban) Britt. Ex Boldingh. p. 365-366. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Gynerium sagittatum (Aubl.) Beauv. p. 370-371. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Hamelia patens Jacq. p. 372-373. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Helicteres jamaicensis Jacq. p. 374-375. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Hibiscus pernambucensis Arruda. p. 376-378. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Hyperbaena laurifolia (Poir.) Urban. p. 384-385. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Indigofera suffruiticosa P. Mill. p. 386-387. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Ixora coccinea L. p. 393-394. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Jacquinia arborea Vahl. p. 395-396. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Jasminum fluminense Vell. p. 397-398. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Jatropha gossypiifolia L. p. 399-400. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little. p. 404-406. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Koanophyllon polyodon (Urban) King & H. E. Robins. p. 411. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Krameria ixine L. p. 412-413. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Lantana camara L. p. 414-416. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Lantana involucrata L. p. 417-418. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Lasiacis divaricata (L.) A.S. Hitchc. p. 425-426. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Leandra krugii (Cogn.) Judd & Skean. p. 427-428. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Lepianthes peltata (L.) Raf. p. 432-433. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. p. 437-439. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Lonicera japonica Thunb. p. 442-444. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Ludwigia octavalvis (Jacq.) Raven. p. 449-450. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H. Gentry. p. 456-458. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Machaonia portoricensis Baill. p. 459-460. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. p. 461-463. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don. p. 464-466. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Malvastrum americanum (L.) Torr. p. 467-468. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Mecranium latifolium (Cogn.) Skean. p. 469-470. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Melochia nodiflora Sw. p. 471-472. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Melochia tomentosa L. p. 473-474. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Miconia impetiolaris (Sw.) D. Don ex DC. p. 475-476. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Miconia prasina (Sw.) DC. p. 477-479. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Miconia racemosa (Aubl.) DC. p. 480-481. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Mimosa arenosa (Willd.) Poir. p. 485-486. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Mimosa ceratonia L. p. 487-488. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Mimosa pigra L. p. 489-491. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Mimosa pudica L. p. 492-494. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Mitracarpus portoricensis (Urban) Urban. p. 500-501. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Morinda citrifolia L. p. 505-507. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Murraya exotica L. p. 508-510. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Neea buxifolia (Hook. f.) Heimerl. p. 514-515. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Odontonema cuspidatum (Nees) Kuntze. p. 516-517. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Olyra latifolia L. p. 518-519. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Palicourea crocea (Sw.) J.A. Schultes. p. 524-526. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Parathesis crenulata (Vent.) Hook. f. p. 527-528. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Parkinsonia aculeata L. p. 529-531. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. p. 532-534. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Passiflora edulis Sims. p. 535-537. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Paullinia pinnata L. p. 538-539. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Pavonia spinifex (L.) Cav. p. 540-541. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Pennisetum purpureum Schumacher. p. 542-544. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Phoradendron quadrangulare (Kunth) Griseb. p. 553-554. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud. p. 555-557. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Physocarpus malvaceus (Greene) Kuntze. p. 558-560. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Picramnia pentandra Sw. p. 561-563. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Piper aduncum L. p. 564-566. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Piper amalago L. p. 567-568. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Piper swartzianum (Miq.) C. DC. p. 569-570. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Piptocoma antillana Urban. p. 571-572. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Pisonia aculeata L. p. 573-574. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Pithecellobium ungus-cati (L.) Benth. p. 575-576. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Pluchea carolinensis (Jacq.) G. Don. p. 577-579. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Proustia vanillosma C. Wright. p. 584-585. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Prunus americana Marsh. p. 586-588. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Psidium guajava L. p. 597-599. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Psychotria brachiata Sw. p. 602-603. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Psychotria deflexa DC. p. 604-605. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Psychotria microdon (DC.) Urban. p. 606-607. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Psychotria nervosa Sw. p. 608-609. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Randia aculeata L. p. 617-618. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Rauvolfia viridis Willd. Ex Roemer & J. A. Schultes. p. 619-620. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Rhus glabra L. p. 628-630. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Ribes cereum Dougl. p. 641-642. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Ricinus communis L. p. 643-644. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Rondeletia inermis (Spreng.) Krug & Urban. p. 645-646. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Rondeletia pilosa Sw. p. 647-648. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Rubus discolor Weihe & Nees. p. 652-654. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Rubus parviflorus Nutt. p. 655-657. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Rubus rosifolius Sm. p. 658-659. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook. p. 668-670. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Sassafras albidum(Nutt.) Nees. p. 681-683. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Schaefferia frutescens Jacq. p. 684-685. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi. p. 686-688. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Securidaca virgata Sw. p. 689-690. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Senna atomaria (L.) Irwin & Barneby. p. 696-698. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Senna occidentalis (L.) Link. p. 699-701. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Senna polyphylla (Jacq.) Irwin & Barnaby. p. 702-703. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Serjania polyphylla (L.) Radlk. p. 708-709. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Sesbania sericea (Willd.) Link. p. 710-711. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Sida rhombifolia L. p. 714-716. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Smilax domingensis Willd. p. 717-718. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Solanum drymophilum O.E. Schulz. p. 719-720. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Solanum dulcamara L. p. 721-723. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Solanum persicifolium Dunal. p. 724-725. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Solanum torvum Sw. p. 726-728. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Sorbus scopulina Greene. p. 729-731. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Spermacoce verticillata L. p. 732-734. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Strumpfia maritima Jacq. p. 735-736. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Suriana maritima L. p. 742-743. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake. p. 744-746. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Tabebuia haemantha (Bertol. Ex Spreng.) DC. p. 747-748. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Tamonea boxiana (Moldenke) H.. p. 753-754. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Taxus brevifolia Nutt. p. 755-757. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. Ex Kunth. p. 761-763. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Tetrapterys inaequalis Cav. p. 764-765. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Thrinax morrisii H. Wendl. p. 766-768. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze. p. 769-771. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Toxicodendron rydbergii (Small ex Rydb.) Greene. p. 772-774. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Trema lamarckianum (J.A. Schultes) Blume. p. 775-776. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Trichilia hirta L. p. 777-778. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Trichostigma octandrum (L.) H. Walt. p. 779-780. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Triumfetta semitriloba Jacq. p. 781-782. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Turbina corymbosa (L.) Raf. p. 783-784. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Urena lobata L. p. 785-787. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Urera baccifera (L.) Gaud. p. 788-789. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Vernonia albicaulis Pers. p. 790-791. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Vernonia borinquensis Urban. p. 792-793. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Vernonia proctori Urbatsch. p. 794-795. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Vernonia sericea L.C. Rich. p. 796-797. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Waltheria indica L. p. 798-800. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Wedelia reticulate DC. p. 801-802. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. (editor). 2004. Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. 830 p.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Introduction. p. ii-iii. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Francis, J. K. 2004. Wildland shrubs. p. 1-11. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Garcia, S.; Sanz, M.; Garnatje, T.; Kreitschitz, A.; McArthur, E. D.; Vallès, J. 2004. Variation of DNA amount in 47 populations of the subtribe Artemisiinae and related taxa Asteraceae, Anthemideae): karyological, ecological, and systematic implications. Genome 47: 1004-1014.

Garvin, S. C.; Meyer, S. E.; Nelson, D. L. 2004. Recruitment failure of chenopod shrub populations in the Great Basin. p. 100-114. In A. L. Hild, N. L. Shaw, S. E. Meyer, D. T. Booth, and E. D. McArthur (compilers). Seed and soil dynamics in shrubland ecosystems. Proceedings RMRS-P-31. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, UT.

Hild, A. L.; Shaw, N. L.: Meyer, S. E.; Booth D. T.; McArthur, E. D. (compilers). 2004. Seed and soil dynamics in shrubland ecosystems. Proceedings RMRS-P-31. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, UT. 216 p.

Jensen, S. 2004. Racquets, hoppers, and felt boards—low-tech devices for processing seeds. Native Plants. 5(1): 50-51.

Jones, K. L.; Roundy, B. A.; Shaw, N. L.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Environmental effects on germination of Carex utriculata and Carex nebrascensis relative to riparian restoration. Wetlands. 24: 467-479.

Kitchen, S. G. 2004. Cercocarpus montanus Raf. p. 178-180. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Kitchen, S. G. 2004. Cercocarpus intricatus Wats. p. 173-174. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Kitchen, S. G. 2004. Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. p. 307-309. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Kitchen, S. G. Ephedra viridis Coville. p. 310-313. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Kitchen, S. G.; McArthur, E. D. 2003. Ponderosa pine fire history in a southeastern Great Basin stand. p. 152-156 In K. E. M. Galley, R. C. Klinger, and N. G. Sugihara (eds.). Proceedings of Fire Conference 2000: The First National Congress on Fire Ecology, Prevention, and Management. Miscellaneous Publication No. 13, Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, FL.

Kitchen, S. G.; St. J., L.; Ogle, D.; Young, S.; Walker, S. 2004. Notice of release, xMaple Grovex germplasm Lesis flax selected class natural population. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, UT.; U. S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Boise, ID; Utah Department Natural Resources, Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Ephraim, UT; Utah State University, Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Logan, UT; University of Idaho, Moscow, ID. 5 p.

Larson, S. R.; Jones, T. A.; McCracken, C. L.; Jensen, K. B. 2003. Amplified fragment length polymorphism in Elymus elymoides, Elymus multisetus, and other Elymus taxa. Canadian Journal of Botany. 81: 789-804.

Larson, S. R.; Jones, T. A.; Jensen, K. B. 2004. Population structure in Pseudoroegneria spicata (Poaceae: Triticeae) modeled by Bayesian clustering of AFLP genotypes. Amercian Journal of Botany 91: 1789-1801.

Lysne, C. R.; Pellant, M. 2004. Establishment of aerially seeded big sagebrush following southern Idaho wildfires. Technical Bulletin No. 2004-01. U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office, Boise, ID. 14 p.

Mahalovich, M. F.; McArthur, E. D. 2004. Sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) seed and plant transfer guidelines. Native Plants Journal 5: 141-147.

McArthur, E. D. 2004. Foreword. p. i. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Goodrich, S. K.. The Intermountain setting p. 7-14 in S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Monsen, S. B. Chenopod shrubs. p. 467-492 in S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 2. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Stevens, R. Composite shrubs. p. 493-537 in S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 2. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Artemisia arbuscula Nutt. p. 47-49. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Artemisia bigelovii Gray. p. 50-51. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Artemisia cana Pursh. p. 57-59. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Artemisia frigida Willd. p. 63-65. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Artemisia filifolia Torr. p. 60-62. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Artemisia longiloba (Osterhout) Beetle. p. 66-68. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Artemisia nova A. Nels. p. 72-74. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Artemisia pygmaea Gray. p. 75-76. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Artemisia rigida (Nutt.) Gray. p. 77-78. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Artemisia spinescens Eaton. p. 82-84. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Artemisia tripartita Rydb. P. 88-90. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt. p. 93-95. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Atriplex corrugata S. Wats. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 99-100.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Atriplex cuneata A. Nels. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 101-102.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. Chrysothamnus parryi (Gray) Greene. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 206-208.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. Chrysothamnus nauseosus (Pallas ex Pursh) Britt. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 203-205.

McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus Nutt. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 209-211.

Mealor, B. A.; Hild, A. L.; Shaw, N. L. 2004. Native plant community compostion and genetic diversity associated with long-term weed invasions. Western North American Naturalist 64: 503-513.

Meyer, S. E.; Carlson, S. L. 2004. Comparative seed germination biology and seed propagation of eight Intermountain species of Indian paintbrush. In A. L. Hild, N. L. Shaw, S. E. Meyer, D. T. Booth, and E. D. McArthur (compilers). Seed and soil dynamics in shrubland ecosystems. Proceedings RMRS-P-31. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, UT. p. 125-130.

Meyer, S. E.; Nelson, D. L.; Carlson, S. L. 2004. Ecological genetics of vernalization response in Bromus tectorum L. (Poaceae). Annals of Botany. 93: 653-663.

Miglia, K. J.; Freeman, D. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Smith, B. N. 2004. Importance of genotype, soil type, and location on the performance of parental and hybrid big sagebrush reciprocal transplants in the gardens of Salt Creek Canyon. In A. L. Hild, N. L. Shaw, S. E. Meyer, D. T. Booth, and E. D. McArthur (compilers). Seed and soil dynamics in shrubland ecosystems. Proceedings RMRS-P-31. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, UT. p. 30-36.

Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G.; Memmott, K.; Shaw, N.; Pellant, M.; Young, S.; Ogle, D.; St. J., L.. 2004. Notice to release xAnatonex germplasm bluebunch wheatgrass )selected class natural population). U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, UT.; U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Boise, ID; Utah Department Natural Resources, Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Ephraim, UT; Utah State University, Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Logan, UT; U. S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Boise, ID; University of Idaho, Moscow, ID. 9 p.

Pendleton, B. K.; Meyer, S. E. 2004. Habitat-correlated variation in blackbrush Colegyne ramosissima: Rosaceae) seed germination response. Journal of Arid Environments. 59: 229-243.

Pendleton, R. L.; Pendleton, B. K.; H., G. L.; Warren, S. D. 2004. Effects of biological soil crusts on seedling growth and mineral content of four semiard herbaceous plant species. In A. L. Hild, N. L. Shaw, S. E. Meyer, D. T. Booth, and E. D. McArthur (compilers). Seed and soil dynamics in shrubland ecosystems. Proceedings RMRS-P-31. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, UT. p. 131-133.

Pendleton, R. L.; Pendleton, B. K.; H., G. L.; Warren, S. D. 2004. Response of Lewis flax seedlings to inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and cyanobacteria. In A. L. Hild, N. L. Shaw, S. E. Meyer, D. T. Booth, and E. D. McArthur (compilers). Seed and soil dynamics in shrubland ecosystems. Proceedings RMRS-P-31. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, UT. p. 64-68.

Peterson, B. W.; Allen, P. S.; Castle, E.; Meyer, S. E. 2004. Lessons learned from restoring a foothill community in Rocky Canyon (Utah). Ecological Restoration. 22: 143.

Ramakrishnan, A. P.; Meyer, S. E.; Waters, J.; Stevens, M. R.; Coleman, C. E.; Fairbanks, D. J. 2004. Correlation between molecular markers and adaptively significant genetic variation in Bromus tectorum (Poaceae), an inbreeding annual grass. American Journal of Botany 91: 797-803.

Sanderson, S. C.; McArthur, E. D. 2004. Fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) seed transfer zones. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-125, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. 10 p.

Sanderson, S. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Taylor, J. R. 2004. Atriplex confertifolia (Torr. & Frém.) S. Wats. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 96-98.

Shaw, N. L. 2004. Chamaebatiaria millefolium (Torr.) Maxim. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 188-189.

Shaw, N. L. 2004. Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 379-381.

Shaw, N. L. 2004. Holodiscus dumosus (Nutt. Ex. Hook.) Heller. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 382-383.

Shaw, N. L. 2004. Philadelphus lewisii Pursh. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 548-550.

Shaw, N. L. 2004. Philadelphus microphyllus Gray. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 551-552.

Shaw, N. L.; DeBolt, A. M. 2004. Rhus trilobata Nutt. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 634-636.

Shaw, N. L.; Haferkamp, M. R.; Hurd, E. G. 2004. Grayia spinosa (Hook.) Moq. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 361-362.

Shaw, N.. L.; Hild, A. L. 2004. Seed and soil dynamics in shrubland ecosystems: introduction. p. 3. In A.L. Hild, N. L. Shaw, S. E. Meyer, D. T. Booth, and E. D. McArthur (compilers). Seed and soil dynamics in shrubland ecosystems. Proceedings RMRS-P-31. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, UT.

Shaw, N. L.; Monsen, S. B. 2004. Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 610-612.

Shaw, N. L.; Pendleton, R. L.; Hurd, E. G. 2004. Zuckia brandegei (Gray) Welsh & Stutz. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 806-807.

Taylor, J. R.; McArthur, E. D. 2004. Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 69-71.

Taylor, J. R.; Roundy, B. A.; Allen, P. S.; Meyer, S. E. 2004. Prediciting seedling emergence using soil moisture and temperature sensors. In A. Hild, N. L. Shaw, S. E. Meyer, D. T. Booth, and E. D. McArthur (compilers). Seed and soil dynamics in shrubland ecosystems. Proceedings RMRS-P-31. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, UT. p. 140-145.

Welch, B. L. 2004. Artemisia tridentata Nutt. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 85-87.

Welch, B. L. 2004. Prunus virginiana L. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 594-596.

Welch, B. L. 2004. Rosa woodsii Lindl. In J. K. Francis (ed.). Wildland Shrubs of the United States and its territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1. General Technical Report IITF-GTR-26. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, San Juan, PR and Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 649-651.

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2005

Augar, J. 2005. Effects of resource availability and food preferences on population dynamics and behavior of Ord’s kangaroo rats (Dipodomys ordii). Ph. D. dissertation, University of Nevada, Reno. Reno, NV 150p.

Burgess, L. M.; Hild, A. L.; Shaw, N. L. 2005. Capsule treatments to enhance seedling emergence of Guara neomexicana ssp. coloradensis. Restoration Ecology. 13: 8-14.

Cane, J. H. 2005. Pollination needs of arrowleaf balsamroot, Balsamorhiza sagittata (Heliantheae: Asteraceae). Western North American Naturalist 65: 359-364.

Jorgensen, K. R.; Stevens, R. 2005. Seed collection, cleaning, and storage. p.699-716 in S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 3. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Jorgensen, K. R.; Wilson, G. R. 2005. Seed germination. p.723-732 in S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 3. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO

McArthur, E. D. 2005. Foreword. p. i-iv in S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D. 2005. Sagebrush, common and uncommon, palatable and unpalatable. Rangelands 27(4): 47-51.

McArthur, E. D.; Goodrich, S. K. 2005. The Intermountain setting p. 7-14 in S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Monsen, S. B. Chenopod shrubs. p. 467-492 in S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 2. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Stevens, R. Composite shrubs. p. 493-537 in S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 2. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Meyer, S. E.; Nelson, D. L.; Clement, S.; Waters, J.; Stevens, M.; Fairbanks, D. 2005. Genetic variation in Ustilago bullata: molecular genetic markers and firulence on Bromus tectorum host lines. International Journal of Plant Sciences 166: 105-115.

Meyer, S. E.; Pendleton, B. K. 2005. Factors affecting seed germination and seedling establishment of a long-lived desert shrub Coleogyne ramosissima: Rosaceae). Plant Ecology 178: 171-187.

Meyer, S. E.; Quinney, D.; Weaver, J. 2005. A life history study of the Snake River Plains endemic Lepidium papilliferum (Brassicaceae). Western North American Naturalist 65: 11-23.

Miglia, K. J., E. D. McArthur, W. S. Moore, H. Wang, J. H. Graham, and D. C. Freeman. 2005. Nine-year reciprocal transplant experiment in the gardens of the basin and mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata: Asteraceae) hybrid zone of Salt Creek Canyon: the importance of multiple-year tracking of fitness. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 86: 213-225

Monaco, T. A., S. B. Monsen, B. N. Smith, and L. D. Hansen. 2005. Temperature-dependent physiology of Poa secunda, a cool season grass native to the Great Basin, United States. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 52: 653-658.

Monsen, S. B. 2005. Controlling plant competition. p. 57-64 in S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.

Monsen, S. B. 2005. History of range and wildlife habitat restoration in the Intermountain West. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 1-5.

Monsen, S. B. 2005. Restoration or rehabilitation through management or artificial treatments. S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 25-32.

Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R. Seedbed preparation and seeding practices. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 121-154.

Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R.; Shaw, N. L. 2005. Grasses. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 2. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 295-424.

Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R.; Shaw, N. L. (compilers). 2005. Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 884.

Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R.; Shaw, N. L. 2005. Shrubs of other families. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 2. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 597-698.

Nelson, D. L. 2005. Plant pathology and managing wildland plant disease systems. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 187-191.

Prevedel, D. A.; McArthur, E. D.; J.son, C. M. 2005. Beginnings of range management: an anthology of the Sampson-Ellison photo plots (1913 to 2003) and a short history of the Great Basin Experiment Station. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-154. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 60.

Royer, C. W.; Horrocks, R. D.; Anderson, V. J.; Monsen, S. 2005. What exactly are your sheep eating? Rangelands 27(1): 31-34.

Royer, C. W., R. D. Horrocks, V. J. Anderson, and S. B. Monsen. 2005. Seasonal acceptance of fourwing saltbush by sheep when crested wheatgrass is the alternative. Sheep & Goat Research Journal 20: 1-10.

Shaw, N. L. 2005. Production and use of planting stock. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 3. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 745-768.

Shaw, N. L.; Lambert, S. M.; DeBolt, A. M.; Pellant, M. 2005. Increasing native forb seed supplies for the Great Basin. In R. K. Dumroese, L. E. Riley, T. D. Landis (technical coordinators). National proceedings: Forest and Conservation Nursery Association—2004. Proceedings RMRS-P-35. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 84-102.

Shaw, N. L.; Monsen, S. B.; Stevens, R. 2005. Rosaceous shrubs. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 2. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 539-596.

Shaw, N. L., A. M. DeBolt, and R. Rosentreter. 2005. Reseeding big sagebrush: techniques and issues. p. 99-108. in Shaw, N. L., M. Pellant, and S. B. Monsen (compliers). 2005. Sage-grouse habitat restoration symposium proceedings. 4-7 June, 2001, Boise, ID. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings RMRS-P-38, Fort Collins, CO.

Shaw, N. L., M. Pellant, and S. B. Monsen (compliers). 2005. Sage-grouse habitat restoration symposium proceedings. 4-7 June, 2001, Boise, ID. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings RMRS-P-38, Fort Collins, CO 130p.

Shaw, N. L., M. Pellant, and S. B. Monsen . 2005. Sage-grouse habitat restoration symposium. p. 1-2. in Shaw, N. L., M. Pellant, and S. B. Monsen (compliers). 2005. Sage-grouse habitat restoration symposium proceedings. 4-7 June, 2001, Boise, ID. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings RMRS-P-38, Fort Collins, CO.

Stevens, R. 2005. Basic considerations for range and wildlife revegetation and restoration. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 19-23.

Stevens, R. 2005. Establishing plants by transplanting and interseeding. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 3. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 739-744.

Stevens, R. 2005. Incorparating wildlife habitat needs into restoration and rehabilitation projects. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 155-173.

Stevens, R. 2005. Management of restored and revegetated sites. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 193-198.

Stevens, R.; Jorgensen, K. R. 2005. Seed testing reqirements and regulatory laws. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 3. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 733-737.

Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B. 2005. Forbs for seeding range and wildlife habitats. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 2. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 425-466.

Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B. 2005. Guidelines for restoration and rehabilitation of principal plant communities. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 199-294.

Stevens, R.; Monsen, S. B. 2005. Mechanical plant control. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 65-87.

Summers, H. A. Calorespirometric evidence for adaptation of blackbrush and shadscale to growth season temperatures in cold deserts. M. S. thesis, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 26

Tiedemann, A. R.; Lopez, C. F. 2005. Assessing soil factors in wildland improvement programs. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 39-56.

Van Epps, G. A.; Stevens, R. 2005. Shrub and forb seed production. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 3. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 717-722.

Walker, S. C., and N. L. Shaw. 2005. Current and potential use of broadleaf herbs for reestablishing native communities. p. 56-61 in Shaw, N. L., M. Pellant, and S. B. Monsen (compliers). 2005. Sage-grouse habitat restoration symposium proceedings. 4-7 June, 2001, Boise, ID. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings RMRS-P-38, Fort Collins, CO. 27 January, Salt Lake City, UT.

Welch, B. L. 2005. Nutritive principles in restoration and management. In S. B. Monsen, R. Stevens, and N. L. Shaw (compilers). Restoring western ranges and wildlands. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136-volume 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 175-185.

Welch, B. L. 2005. Big sagebrush: a sea fragmented into lakes, ponds, and puddles. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-144. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO. p. 210

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Reports

These are unpublished reports on file at the Shrub Sciences Laboratory documenting extramural research agreements.

Beck, J. L.; Flinders, J. T.; Smith, H. D. 1995. Ecosystem management in relationship to elk and domestic sheep interactions in aspin-dominated habitata: Willow Creek Demonstration Area, Uinta National Forest; final research report. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 380 p, Submitted to U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Uinta National Forest and Central Region, Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Provo, UT.

Chambers, J. C.; McArthur, E. D.; Monsen, S. B.; Meyer, S. E.; Shaw, N. C.; Tausch, R. J.; Blank, R. R.; Bunting, S.; Miller R. R.; Pellant, M. L.; Roundy, B. A.; Walker, S. C.; Whittaker, A.. 2005. Sagebrush steppe and pinyon-juniper ecosystems: effects of changing fire regimes, increased fuel loads and invasive species. Final Report to the Joint Fire Sciences Program, Project #00-1-1-03. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fort Collins, CO. 66 p.

Harper, K. T.; McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C.; Tuhy, J. 1993. Final report: Zion National Park vegetation summary. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 246 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Zion National Park, UT.

Haws, B. A. 1991. Final technical report for Project 22-c-6-INT-124, the role of insects in causing the recent widespread dieoff of wildland range shrubs, and technical report for Project INT-872821, incidence, biology and relationship of the shadscale mealybug to widespread shrub death. Logan, UT: Department of Biology, Utah State University. 344 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office, Salt Lake City, UT.

Kitchen, S. G. 1997. An investigation of seed dormancy and germination requirements for needle-and thread (Stipa comata); a progress report submitted to the Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA) Seed Testing Standardization Research Funding Committee. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 6 p.

Kitchen, S. G. 1998. An investigation of seed dormancy and germination requirements in four globemallow (Sphaeralcea) species; a progress report submitted to the Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA) Seed Testing Standardization Research Funding Committee. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 4 p.

Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E. 1999. Seed dormancy and germination requirements for three Eriogonum (wild buckwheat) species; a progress report submitted to the Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA) Seed Testing Standardization Research Funding Committee. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 5 p.

Kitchen, S. G.; Meyer, S. E.; Walker, S. C. 1999. Development of standards and rules for tesing seed quality of plant species used in range and wildlands rehabilitation; a progress report for contract #97-0635 for the Utah Department of Agriculture and Food. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 12 p.

Kitchen, S. G.; Stevens, R. 1997. Development of standards and rules for sesting seed quality of plant species used in range and wildlands rehabilitation, a final report for contract #97-0635 for the Utah Department of Agriculture and Food. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 9 p.

Kitchen, S. G.; Stevens, R.; Walker, S. C. 1998. Development of standards and rules for sesting seed quality of plant species used in range and wildlands rehabilitation, a progress report for contract #97-0635 for the Utah Department of Agriculture and Food. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 11 p.

McArthur. E. D. 1992. Final report: MIPR 92-248. Propagation and biology of cryptobiotic crusts. Provo, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 133 p. Submitted to Construction Engineering Labortory, U. S. Army Corp of Engineers, Champaign-Urbana, IL.

McArthur, E. D.; Blauer, A. C.; Monsen, S. B. 1986. Final report: history of and rehabilitation recommendations for sites disturbed by modern man's activities in Grand Teton National Park. Provo, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 46 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Grand Teton National Park, WY.

McArthur, E. D.; Pendleton, R. L.; Pendleton, B. K. 1993. Final report: MIPR E5292N159, propagation and biology of cryptobiotic crusts 93. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 144 p. + video. Submitted to Construction Engineering Labortory, U. S. Army Corp of Engineers, Champaign-Urbana, IL.

McArthur, E. D.; Pendleton, R. L.; Pendleton, B. K. 1995. Final report: MIPR 94N077, microphytic crust biology and propagation. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 145 p. Submitted to Construction Engineering Labortory, U. S. Army Corp of Engineers, Champaign-Urbana, IL.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1992. Final report: desert tortoise habitat studies. Interagency agreement INT-89402-IA (UT-910-IA-87). Provo, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 388 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office, Salt Lake City, UT.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1992. Final report: vegetation patterns: 1960-1990, Great Sand Dunes National Monument, Interagency Agreement 1268-19105, Project Number GRRSA-RR91-0170. Provo, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 262 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Rocky Mountain Regional Office, Denver, CO.

McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 2003. Final report, vegetation patterns of the Great Sand Dunes National Monument: follow-up to the 1991 survey. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, UT. 219 p. including 210 photographs.

Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G. 1990. Annual report 1990: a summary of activities and progress corresponding to Interagency Agreement Number ID910-IA8-04: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, UT, 17 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office, Boise, ID.

Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G. 1991. Annual report 1991: a summary of activities and progress corresponding to Interagency Agreement Number ID910-IA8-04: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, UT, 34 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office, Boise, ID.

Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G. 1992. Annual report 1992: a summary of activities and progress corresponding to Interagency Agreement Number ID910 between USDI, Bureau of Land Management and USDA, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, UT, 62 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office, Boise, ID.

Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G. 1993. Annual report 1993: summary report of progress related to Interagency Agreement Number ID910 between USDI, Bureau of Land Management and USDA, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, UT, 41 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office, Boise, ID.

Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G. 1994. Annual report 1994: summary report of progress related to Interagency Agreement Number ID910 between USDI, Bureau of Land Management and USDA, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, UT, 45 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office, Boise, ID.

Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G.; Shaw, N. L.; Naillon, D. G. 1995. Progress report 1995: Interagency Agreement Number ID910 between USDI, Bureau of Land Management and USDA, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, UT, 39 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office, Boise, ID.

Monsen, S. B.; Kitchen, S. G.; Shaw, N. L.; Naillon, D. G. 1996. Annual report 1996: Summary report of progress related to Interagency Agreement Number ID910 between USDI, Bureau of Land Management and USDA, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, UT, 52 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office, Boise, ID.

Monsen, S. B.; Naillon, D., Memmott, K. L.; Kitchen, S. G.; Carlson, S. L. 1998. Intermountain Greenstrip Research Project, cooperative research studies, Agreement number ID910: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, UT, 1989-1998 and U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office. 285 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office, Boise, ID.

Nelson, D. L. 1990. Studies on a wildland shrub dieoff occurring in the Great Basin 1983-1985. A report on a cooperative research project between U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office; U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory; Utah State University, Brigham Young University, Utah Department of Agriculture; and Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. Provo, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 106 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office, Salt Lake City, UT.

Ott, J. E.; McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1998. Fire rehabilitation monitoring of BLM lands affected by 1996 fires: a preliminary report of interagency agreement J910A70026. Provo, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 50 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office, Salt Lake City, UT.

Ott, J. E.; McArthur, E. D.; Sanderson, S. C. 1999. Fire rehabilitation monitoring of BLM lands affected by 1996 fires: second year report of interagency agreement J910A70026. Provo, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 48 p. Submitted to U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office, Salt Lake City, UT.

Pendleton, R. L.; Pendleton, B. K. 1995. Final report: MIPR W2V5AA51113582 microphytic crust biology. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 32 p. Submitted to Construction Engineering Labortory, U. S. Army Corp of Engineers, Champaign-Urbana, IL.

Pendleton, R. L.; Pendleton, B. K. 1996. Final report: MIPR W52EU260390969 benefit of microphytic crust inoculation and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on productivity of VAM-dependent forbs. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 67 p. Submitted to Construction Engineering Labortory, U. S. Army Corp of Engineers, Champaign-Urbana, IL.

Pendleton, R. L.; Garvin, S. C.; Pendleton, B. K. 1998. Final Report: MIPR W52EU270930412 microphytic crust biology: evaluation algal inoculation effectiveness. 32 p. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory. 34 p. Submitted to Construction Engineering Labortory, U. S. Army Corp of Engineers, Champaign-Urbana, IL.

Thacker, R. K.; Flinders, J. T.; Blackwell, B. H.; Smith, H. D. 1995. Comparsion and use of four techniques for densusing three subspecies of kit fox; a cooperative contract study between Wildlife Section, Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Brigham Young University. 71 p. Submitted to Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, UT.