Carbon Sequestration
Validation Phase Field Tests
CLICK ON MAP POINTS FOR FIELD TEST INFORMATION
Geologic Field Tests |
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Field Test Title |
Amount of CO2 Injected
(tons) |
Formation Type |
Well Depth
(feet) |
CO2 Source |
Test Location |
|
Basalt and Mafic Rock Field Validation Test |
3,000 |
Basalt-Saline |
3,255– 3,335 and 3,600– 3,755 |
Commercial (Refinery in Bremerton, Washington) |
Columbia River Basalt Group, Hanford Site, Eastern Washington |
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Field Test Title |
Area |
Land Use Type |
Storage Potential |
Objective |
|
Cropland Field Validation Test |
“Golden Triangle” region of north central Montana (towns of Havre, Great Falls, and Conrad) |
Agriculture |
60 Mt over 20 years |
Objectives: (1) quantify and determine cropland management practices to optimize carbon sequestration; (2) develop MMV protocols to evaluate carbon sequestration for enrolled farms. |
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Rangeland Sequestration Potential Assessment |
2 sites in the northern mixed-grass prairie of Wyoming |
Rangeland |
30 Mt over 10 years |
Determine sequestration effects of: (1) grazing intensity and seasonality of grazing on native northern mixed grass prairie; (2) improvement practices on degraded northern mixed-grass prairie. |
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Forestry Field Validation Test |
Region-wide |
Forest |
640–1,040 Mt over 80 years |
Identify strategies for maintaining or increasing sequestration in forests through understanding the effects of forest management on different carbon pools in forests. |
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Field Test Title |
Amount of CO2 Injected
(tons) |
Formation Type |
Well Depth (feet) |
CO2 Source |
Test Location |
|
Saline Formation Test |
10,000 |
Saline |
7,000–8,600 |
Air Liquide |
Cambrian-age Mt. Simon Sandstone – Louden and Mattoon oil fields, Coles and Fayette Counties, Illinois |
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Enhanced Oil Recovery Test
(Huff ‘n Puff) |
300 |
Oil Bearing |
1,550 |
Air Liquide |
Louden Field in Fayette County, Illinois |
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Enhanced Oil Recovery Test
(Well Conversion) |
300 |
Oil Bearing |
1,549 |
Air Liquide |
Illinois Basin, TBD |
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Enhanced Oil Recovery Test
(Pattern Flood I) |
300 |
Oil Bearing |
1,548 |
Air Liquide |
Illinois Basin, TBD |
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Enhanced Oil Recovery
Test
(Pattern Flood II) |
300 |
Oil Bearing |
1,551 |
Air Liquide |
Illinois Basin, TBD |
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Enhanced Coalbed Methane Test |
750 |
Coal |
1,000 |
Air Liquide |
Illinois Basin (Pennsylvanian Carbondale formation), Southeast Illinois |
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Field Test Title |
Amount of CO2 Injected
(tons) |
Formation Type |
Well Depth
(feet) |
CO2 Source |
Test Location |
|
Appalachian Basin Geologic Test |
1,000–3,000 |
Saline |
5,900–8,300 |
Powerspan ECO2 System (tentative) |
FirstEnergy’s R.E. Burger Plant, Shadyside, Ohio |
|
Cincinnati Arch Geologic Test |
1,000–3,000 |
Saline |
3,200–3,500 |
Babcock and Wilcox oxy-coal combustion system in SE Ohio (tentative) |
Duke Energy East Bend Plant, Rabbit Hash, Kentucky |
|
Michigan Basin Geologic Test |
3,000–20,000 |
Saline |
3,200–3,500 |
DTE Turtle Lake Gas Processing Plant |
Charlton 30/31 field in Otsego County, Michigan |
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Field Test Title |
Area |
Land Use Type |
Storage Potential |
Objective |
|
Terrestrial Sequestration Field Test: Croplands |
Region-wide |
Agriculture |
250 Mt over 20 years |
Demonstrating carbon sequestration on existing farm lands. Determine rate of sequestration and potential for different tillage practices to increase storage. |
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Terrestrial Sequestration Field Test: Minelands |
Region-wide |
Mineland |
100 Mt over 20 years |
Demonstrating carbon sequestration in reclaimed mine soils. Determine reclamation and land management practices that increase storage. |
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Terrestrial Field Test: Wetland-Blackwater Refuge |
Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge, Cambridge, Maryland |
Wetland |
TBD |
Estimate carbon sequestration rates in restored marshes over time, evaluate the extent to which various management practices influence this process, and develop a sampling protocol for CO2 validation in restored marshes. |
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Field Test Title |
Amount of CO2 Injected
(tons) |
Formation Type |
Well Depth
(feet) |
CO2 Source |
Test Location |
|
Lignite in North Dakota Field Validation Test |
<1,000 |
Coal |
1,600–1,800 |
Commercial (TBD) |
Fort Union Coals, Williston Basin, Burke County, North Dakota |
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Zama Field Validation Test |
250,000CO2 w/90,000 H2S |
Oil Bearing |
5,000 |
Zama Gas Processing Plant |
Keg River Formation, Zama Oil Field of Alberta, Canada |
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Beaver Lodge EOR Field Test |
5,000 |
Oil Bearing |
10,000–10,500 |
Great Plains Synfuels Plant or Tioga Gas Processing Plant |
Duperow Formation, Beaver Lodge Oil Field, Williams County, North Dakota |
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Field Test Title |
Area |
Land Use Type |
Storage Potential |
Objective |
|
Terrestrial Field Validation Test |
Great Plains Wetlands Complex (Prairie Pothole Region) |
Wetland |
14.4 Mt |
Sequestration demonstration in wetlands/grasslands that will provide carbon offsets, develop protocols and standards, and provide a market-based carbon sequestration strategy. |
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Field Test Title |
Amount of CO2 Injected
(tons) |
Formation Type |
Well Depth
(feet) |
CO2 Source |
Test Location |
|
Gulf Coast Stacked Storage Test |
800,000+ |
Oil Bearing |
10,066 |
Jackson Dome |
Gulf Coast Mesozoic/Cenozoic – lower Tuscaloosa, Cranfield Site, Adams County, Mississippi |
|
30,000 |
Saline |
10,300 |
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Central Appalachian Basin Coal Test |
1,000 |
Coal |
1,600–2,300 |
Jackson Dome |
Central Appalachian Basin Pocahontas and Lee Formations, Buchanan, Dickenson, or Russell counties Virginia |
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Black Warrior Basin Coal Test |
1,000 |
Coal |
1,500– 2,500 |
Jackson Dome |
Black Creek, Mary Lee, and Pratt coal zones of the Pennsylvanian-age Pottsville Formation, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama |
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Saline Reservoir Field Test: The Mississippi Test Site |
3,000 |
Saline |
8,600 |
Jackson Dome |
Lower Tuscaloosa Massive Sand Unit, Plant Daniel, near Escatawpa, Jackson County, Mississippi |
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Field Test Title |
Amount of CO2 Injected
(tons) |
Formation Type |
Well Depth
(feet) |
CO2 Source |
Test Location |
|
Paradox Basin, Utah: Aneth EOR-Sequestration and Deep Saline Tests |
450,000–750,000 |
Oil Bearing |
5,600–5,800 |
McElmo Dome |
Aneth Oil Field in San Juan County, Bluff, Utah |
|
20,000 |
Saline |
6,900 |
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Permian Basin, Texas: SACROC-Claytonville EOR Sequestration Test |
900,000 |
Oil Bearing |
5,800 |
McElmo Dome |
Claytonville Field, Snyder, Texas |
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San Juan Basin, New Mexico: Enhanced Coalbed Methane (ECBM) Sequestration Test |
75,000 |
Coal |
3,000 |
McElmo Dome |
San Juan Basin Coal Fairway, Navajo City, New Mexico |
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Field Test Title |
Area |
Land Use Type |
Storage Potential |
Objective |
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Southwest Regional Terrestrial Pilot Test |
Region-wide |
Multiple |
TBD |
Develop a carbon reporting and monitoring system that functions consistently across hierarchical scales and is compatible with the existing technology underlying the 1605b reporting system. Project will develop improved technologies and systems for direct measurement. |
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Terrestrial Riparian Restoration Project |
San Juan Basin Coal Fairway (Navajo City, New Mexico) |
Riparian |
TBD |
Desalinate produced water from the ECBM pilot and use the water for irrigating a riparian restoration project. Reintroducing woody plant species along riparian areas and reestablishing native grasses and shrubs in upland areas. Project represents a combined ECBM-terrestrial sequestration project. |
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Field Test Title |
Amount of CO2 Injected
(tons) |
Formation Type |
Well Depth
(feet) |
CO2 Source |
Test Location |
|
Rosetta Resources Gas Reservoir and Saline Formation CO2 Storage Project |
500 |
Gas-Bearing |
3,050 |
Commercial (TBD) |
Thornton Gas Reservoir Sacramento Valley, Thornton, California |
|
1,000 |
Saline |
3,400–3,500 |
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Northern Arizona Saline Formation CO2 Storage Pilot |
2,000 |
Saline |
5,000 |
Commercial (TBD) |
Colorado Plateau, Northern Arizona |
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|
Field Test Title |
Area |
Land Use Type |
Storage Potential |
Objective |
|
Shasta County Terrestrial Sequestration Project |
Shasta County, California |
Rangeland |
4,600 Mt over 80 years |
Validation of forest growth potential for rangelands; Change in forest management; Fuels management to reduce risk of uncharacteristically severe wildfire and prevent emissions. |
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Lake County Terrestrial Sequestration Project |
Lake County, Oregon |
Rangeland |
900 Mt over 80 years |
Validation of forest growth potential for rangelands; Fuels management to reduce risk of uncharacteristically severe wildfire and prevent emissions |
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