Dr. Abrams is a Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior at Brown University School of Medicine. Dr. Abrams has spent his career conducting research on biobehavioral mechanisms in addictions and evaluating their implications for clinical treatment, population intervention, and social policy. His two major research foci are (a) biobehavioral mechanisms in the self- regulation of tobacco, alcohol, and mood and (b) development of optimal models for improving intervention impact to reduce population smoking prevalence by integrating reactive, individual public health intervention strategies and social policy. For the past decade, he has served as Director of the Brown University Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine. The Center is an academic nexus for education and training, research, and clinical and community intervention programs. The Center focuses explicitly on bridging the gap between fundamental and clinical research and its application to population and policy.

Dr. Ahijevych is an Associate Professor, Department of Adult Health and Illness, at the College of Nursing, Ohio State University. She received her Ph.D. from Ohio State University in 1992. She is Director of the Nursing Center for Tobacco Intervention and a member of the American Nurses Association Coalition for Tobacco Control. Her primary research focus is biobehavioral nicotine dependence in African-American and Caucasian women, including aspects of smoking topography, smoke constituent exposure, plasma nicotine trends, cotinine elimination, and the influence of mentholated cigarette preference. Dr. Ahijevych is also involved in smoking cessation intervention research in community settings with mothers of young children and with adults in Appalachia.

Dr. Ahluwalia is a practicing internist. In 1997 he joined the faculty at the University of Kansas School of Medicine. From 1992 to 1997, Dr. Ahluwalia was an Assistant Professor of Medicine at the Emory University School of Medicine and an Assistant Professor of Health Policy at the School of Public Health. He also served as Director of the Center for Smoking Cessation and Tobacco Control at Grady Memorial Hospital. Dr. Ahluwalia has focused his research on smoking cessation and tobacco control in underserved and minority populations. He currently holds a grant from the National Cancer Institute. He has also received the 4-year Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Generalist Physician Faculty Scholars Award to study smoking cessation in residents of public housing developments. He has been active in a number of professional organizations, including the Society of General Internal Medicine, the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, and the American College of Preventive Medicine. Dr. Ahluwalia serves on the National Advisory Committee of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's new initiative "Addressing Tobacco in Managed Care."

Dr. Benowitz is a Professor of Medicine, Psychiatry and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, and Chief, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). He received his M.D. degree from the University of Rochester School of Medicine in 1969 and then served as a resident in internal medicine at the Bronx Municipal Hospital Center. He completed a postdoctoral fellowship in clinical pharmacology at UCSF in 1973 and joined the UCSF faculty in 1974. His research interests have focused primarily on the human pharmacology and toxicology of nicotine, caffeine, and cocaine. He has published more than 200 research papers. Dr. Benowitz was a Scientific Editor of the U.S. Surgeon General's Report on Smoking and Health: Nicotine Addiction and served as a member of the NIH Pharmacology Study section. Dr. Benowitz is a member of a number of medical societies, including the American Society for Clinical Investigation and the Association of American Physicians. He has served as President of the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics and the Society for Research of Nicotine and Tobacco. He has received the Ove Ferno and the Alton Ochsner awards for his research on nicotine, tobacco, and health.

Dr. Bickel, Professor and Vice-Chair of Research at the University of Vermont, conducts research on drug abuse and has a special interest in drug policy. He conducts research on the application of economic models to understand the drug-taking behavior of individuals, the temporal horizon of drug-dependent individuals, and new pharmacotherapies for drug dependence. He has coedited a book on drug policy, Drug Policy and Human Nature (1996), and is currently coediting two books. One of them, The Economic Analysis of Substance Use and Abuse: An Integration of Econometric and Behavioral Economic Research, is based on a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation-funded conference. Dr. Bickel received his Ph.D. from the University of Kansas in 1983 and served as a postdoctoral fellow at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine before taking a faculty position at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He joined the faculty at the University of Vermont in 1987. He is the sixth recipient of the Young Psychopharmacologist Award from the American Psychological Association and the ninth recipient of the Joseph Cochin Young Investigator Award from the College on Problems of Drug Dependence. He serves as principal investigator on four grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. In 1997 he received a MERIT award from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The purpose of the MERIT Award is to recognize investigators who have demonstrated superior competence and outstanding productivity. Dr. Bickel has published more than 150 research reports, reviews, and book chapters in his career. He is also Co-Director of the Human Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, the Substance Abuse Treatment Clinic, and the Training Program in Human Behavioral Pharmacology at the University of Vermont. In 1997 Dr. Bickel became Vice-Chair for Research in the Department of Psychiatry.

Dr. Chaloupka is an Associate Professor, Department of Economics, at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He is also a Research Associate in the National Bureau of Economic Research's Health Economics Program. He received his Ph.D. in 1988 from the City University of New York Graduate School and University Center. Dr. Chaloupka has conducted extensive research on the effects of pricing and substance control policies on cigarette smoking and other tobacco use. Much of this research has focused on youth and young adults. Dr. Chaloupka's research has revealed that youths and young adults are generally much more responsive to changes in price than older persons. Dr. Chaloupka contributed a section on the effects of cigarette taxes and prices on youth smoking for the 1994 U.S. Surgeon General's Report and recently completed a lengthy chapter on the economics of tobacco for a forthcoming edition of the Surgeon General's Report.

Dr. Chen is a preeminent scholar/researcher in public health issues affecting Asian Americans. He was the principal investigator for the only NIH grant on smoking cessation targeting Asian Americans and was a contributor to the 1998 U.S. Surgeon General's Report on Tobacco Use Among African Americans, American Indians and Native Alaskans, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics. He has authored or coauthored more than 75 referred papers that have been published in journals such as the American Journal of Health Promotion, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Cancer, Health Education Quarterly, Journal of Cancer Education, and the Journal of Health Education and is Editor-in-Chief of the Asian American and Pacific Islander Journal of Health.

Dr. Cinciripini is Associate Professor and Director of the Tobacco Research and Treatment Program at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Behavioral Science. He received his Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from Auburn University in 1978, following completion of his psychology residency at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. His research has included NIDA- and industry-sponsored treatment outcome studies involving behavioral and pharmacological interventions for nicotine dependence using transdermal nicotine replacement, anxiolytic and antidepressant medication, and psychophysiological studies of nicotine regulation and psychological stress. With support from The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Dr. Cinciripini has also developed a smoking cessation program for pregnant smokers using videotape vignettes for relapse prevention. His most recent work includes NIDA-sponsored studies on the effect of smoking schedules, nicotine replacement, and cognitive-behavioral interventions on smoking cessation and an NCI-funded project examining the relationship between the DRD2 A1/B1 alleles and measures of nicotine dependence and smoking cessation treatment outcome. Dr. Cinciripini is a Diplomat of the American Board of Professional Psychology and a Fellow of the Division of Health Psychology of the American Psychological Association. Prior to his career at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, he served as an Associate Professor of the Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston.

Dr. Clayton is a Professor of Psychology, University of Kentucky, where he joined the faculty in 1970. In 1972 he became a member of a research team funded by the Special Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention. The team conducted a nationwide epidemiological study of drug abuse among 20- to 30-year-old men (1944-54 birth cohorts). At the same time, the research team conducted a similar etiologic study among men born during the same years from high-drug-use areas of Manhattan. Dr. Clayton was also a co-principal investigator for the 1985 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. Since 1987 Dr. Clayton has been the Director of the Center for Prevention Research at the University of Kentucky, an interdisciplinary research center funded by NIDA. Since June 1985 Dr. Clayton has been involved in the weekly Cooper/Clayton Program, a community-based and group-oriented 24-week, comprehensive behavioral smoking cessation program using nicotine replacement products as an integral component. In April 1996 Dr. Clayton was appointed Chair of the Tobacco Etiology Research Network by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.

Dr. Corrigall is Director of the Biobehavioural Research Department and a Senior Scientist at the Addiction Research Foundation. He is also a Professor of Neuroscience in the Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry at the Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto. The Biobehavioural Research Department is an applied research and development program investigating the neurochemical and behavioral mechanisms of drug dependence at several levelsÑreceptor and enzyme biology, behavioral pharmacology, and dependence processes in humans. Dr. Corrigall's research interests are in the area of nicotine as a drug reinforcer. His current research focuses particularly on the mechanisms in the central nervous system that are responsible for dependence on nicotine and the interaction between nicotine and other drugs, especially alcohol. More recently, he has been interested in the onset of smoking behavior by adolescents and in basic research to develop ways to use nicotine replacement tools more effectively. Dr. Corrigall is an Assistant Editor of Addiction Biology and is currently coediting a book on cannabis and health.

Dr. Fagerstrom studied at the University of Uppsala and graduated as a licensed clinical psychologist in 1975. At that time, he began a smoking cessation clinic. In 1981 he received his Ph.D. after completing a dissertation on nicotine dependence and smoking cessation. He served for several years as Editor-in-Chief of the Scandinavian Journal for Behavior Therapy. From 1983 to 1997 Dr. Fagerstrom also served as Director of Scientific Information for Nicotine Replacement Products for Pharmacia and Upjohn. He has worked with the nicotine gum Nicorette since 1975 and has been contributing to nicotine replacement therapy developments such as patches, sprays, and inhalers. Currently, Dr. Fagerstrom shares his time between his own private consultancy, Fagerstrom Consulting, and the Department of Pulmonary Medicine at the local hospital in Helsingborg. He is a founding member of the Society for Research on Tobacco and Nicotine and serves on the Publications Committee as a member at large.

Dr. Fagerstrom's main research contributions have been in the fields of behavioral medicine and tobacco and nicotine, and he has authored at least 80 international publications. Dr. Fagerstrom is presently at work on reducing harm and exposure to tobacco toxins among people who can not give up smoking.

Dr. Flay received his D.Phil. in social psychology from Waikato University in New Zealand in 1976. After receiving postdoctoral training at Northwestern University under a Fulbright-Hays Fellowship, Dr. Flay began research on smoking prevention at the University of Waterloo. He conducted research on drug use prevention and the use of mass media for smoking cessation at the University of Southern California. Since 1987 Dr. Flay has been the Director of the Health Research and Policy Centers, formerly the Prevention Research Center, in the School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago. Presently, Dr. Flay is working on AIDS and violence prevention, theories of adolescent behavior development and change, evaluation research methods, and community prevention of high-risk social and health behaviors.