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PARENTAL MONITORING/AWARENESS
PANEL STUDY OF INCOME DYNAMICS, CHILD DEVELOPMENT SUPPLEMENT
Measure: Parental Monitoring Scale, plus three additional items
Background
The parental monitoring scale used in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) is similar to items used in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY 97), Mother-Child file. The NLSY scale has six items including health; friendships; relationship with the primary caregiver; feelings about himself/herself; prospects for the future; and relationships with brothers, sisters, or other children he/she lives with. The PSID, Child Development Supplement (CDS) Parental Monitoring Scale includes two additional items to tap a relationship with a teacher or caregiver and the relationship with the child’s other parent. Because the current document makes a differentiation between “monitoring” (i.e., active pursuit of child information) and “awareness” (i.e., what parents knows, devoid of details of how the information was obtained), we currently consider this scale to be measuring awareness.
Funding for the Child Development Supplement was provided primarily by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Additional funding was provided by the William T. Grant Foundation, the Annie E. Casey Foundation, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the U.S. Department of Education. The National Science Foundation, along with the Department of Health and Human Services and the National Institute on Aging also provided financial support. The Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research completed data collection.
Population Assessed
The Child Development Supplement targeted 2,390 eligible families: 1,140 (46 percent) White families, 997 (41 percent) Black families, 158 (seven percent) non-White, non-Black Hispanic families, 46 (two percent) Asian families, 12 (less than one percent) Native American families, and 29 (three percent) families of other nationalities. Primary caregivers of 3,586 children were interviewed. There were approximately an equal number of boys and girls. The PSID-CDS sample is stratified, and the individual strata are weighted to be nationally representative (Hofferth, 1997). Respondents to the Child Development Supplement had already been included in at least one PSID interview. The majority of respondents were from long-time PSID respondent families. Eligibility for the Child Development Supplement was based on the ages of the PSID family’s children. If the family had a child age 12 or younger, the entire PSID Household Unit was eligible for the Child Development Supplement. Adult respondents include selected persons who have influence over the child’s development. Up to two children age 12 and younger per Family Unit (FU) were eligible for inclusion in this study. All eligible children were members of the PSID Sample.
Periodicity
The sample for this project was drawn from the 1997 PSID interviews. As interviews were completed for the 1997 PSID, households with children who were FU members under the age of 13 were identified for inclusion in the PSID-CDS. The CDS portion of the PSID was repeated in 2001, and comparable items to the 1997 awareness items were included in the Primary Caregiver Interview.
Subscales/Components
This information is not readily available.
Procedures for Administration
The scale is based on responses to an in-home, one-on-one interview by the primary caregiver. Although the time is not expressly stated, the Parental Monitoring scale takes between 3 to 5 minutes to administer and about 2 to 3 minutes for the additional items.
Psychometrics/Data Quality
This information is not readily available.
Languages Available
Questionnaires are available in both English and Spanish.
Items Included
From Primary Caregiver Questionnaire of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics Child Development Supplement
PARENTAL AWARENESS
G33. Think now about how things are going in general in (CHILD)’s life. Please rate each of the
following parts of (CHILD)’s life as either excellent, good, fair, or poor. First…
His/Her health.
His/Her friendships.
His/Her relationship with you.
His/Her feelings about himself/herself.
His/Her prospects for the future. (Excellent, good, fair, or poor?)
His/Her relationships with brothers, sisters, or other children he/she lives with.
His/Her relationship with a teacher or caregiver.
His/Her relationship with the other parent.
Additional items:
G34. How many close friends does (CHILD) have?
______ (number of children)
G35. How many of (CHILD)’s close friends do you know by sight and by first and last name? Do you know all of them, most of them, about half, only a few, or none of them?
G36. About how often do you know who (CHILD) is with when (he/she) is not at home? Would you say you know who (he/she) is with all of the time, most of the time, some of the time, or only rarely ?
References and Source Documents
Hofferth, S., Davis-Kean, P., Davis J., & Finkelstein, J. (1997). Child Development Supplement to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics: 1997 User Guide. Retrieved June 6, 2003, from http://www.isr.umich.edu/src/child-development/usergd.html
http://psidonline.isr.umich.edu/
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