National Institute on Drug Abuse
Director's Report to the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse
September, 2000
Publications
Research Report Series: Methamphetamine Abuse and Addiction (Spanish)
NIH Pub. No.: 00-4811
This Research Report Series provides scientific information on various topics; this report focuses on methamphetamine abuse. It will describe methamphetamine and related drug and analogues (e.g., MDMA); how it enters the body; current epidemiological data regarding its abuse; and the short-term and long-term effects of abuse, with an emphasis upon how it affects the brain.
Preventing Drug Use Among Children and Adolescents (Spanish)
NIH Pub. No.: 00-4785
This guide is designed to provide important research-based concepts and information to further efforts to develop and carry out effective drug abuse prevention programs. The answers were developed in consultation with prevention scientists. This guide presents an overview of the research on the origins and pathways of drug abuse, the basic principles derived from effective drug abuse prevention research results to the prevention of drug use among young people.
National Survey Results from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1999, Volume I: Secondary School Students
NIH Pub. No.: 00-4802
The annual report provides information about the prevalence of drug use among American secondary students (specifically 8th, 10th, and 12th graders). The trends are used for understanding the changing drug abuse problems and for formulating the appropriate intervention (prevention/treatment) policies.
National Survey Results from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1999, Volume II: College and Young Adults
NIH Pub. No.: 00-4803
The annual report provides information about the trends in use by populations based on gender, college plans, region of the country, population density, race/ethnicity, and parents' education. The trends are useful for understanding the changing drug abuse problems and for formulating the appropriate intervention (prevention/treatment) policies.
The NIDA Community-Based Outreach Model: A Manual to Reduce Risk of HIV and Other Blood-Borne Infections in Drug Users
NIH Pub. No.: 4812
This publication provides community-based organizations, prevention program planners, and service providers with a practical, step-by-step manual for planning, developing, and implementing effective HIV outreach/prevention programs for not-in-treatment drug users in their communities. It describes NIDA's Outreach-Based HIV/AIDS Risk Reduction Model, which is based on a synthesis of findings and best practices from two national multi-site intervention programs supported by NIDA (The National AIDS Demonstration Research Program {NADR} and the Cooperative Agreement {CA} for HIV/AIDS Community-Based Outreach/Intervention Research Program), as well as from several smaller evaluations of outreach-based HIV prevention strategies.
NIDA NOTES
This issue's lead story reports on evidence that genes influence cigarette smoking. Other research reported in this issue includes the following: a study showing that ketamine, PCP, and alcohol trigger widespread cell death in the brains of rats; and a study developing a potential antibody for PCP overdose and abuse. In the Director's Column, Dr. Leshner describes the Institute's strategic plan from the present to the year 2005. Other articles review NIDA's annual constituent conference and a number of other outreach forums the Institute has undertaken in recent months.
Other Publications
Wise, R.A. Addiction Becomes a Brain Disease. Neuron, 26, pp. 27-33, 2000.
Heishman, S.J., Schuh, K.J., Schuster, C.R., Henningfield, J.E., and Goldberg, S.R. Reinforcing and Subjective Effects of Morphine in Human Opioid Abusers: Effect of Dose and Alternative Reinforcer. Psychopharmacology, 148, pp. 272-280, 2000.
Rothman, R.B., Gorelick, D.A., Heishman, S.J., Eichmiller, P.R., Hill, B.H., Norbeck, J., and Liberto, J.G. An Open-label Study of a Functional Opioid Kappa Antagonist in the Treatment of Opioid Dependence. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 18, pp. 277-281, 2000.
Jones, H.E., Johnson, R.E., Fudala, P.J., Henningfield, J.E., and Heishman, S.J. Nalmefene: Blockade of Intravenous Morphine Challenge Effects in Opioid Abusing Humans. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 60, pp. 29-37, 2000.
Katz, J.L., Izenwasser, S., Kline, R.H., Allen, A.C., and Newman, A.H. Novel 3-diphenyl- methoxytropane Analogs: Selective Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors with Behavioral Effects Distinct from those of Cocaine. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 288, pp. 302-315, 1999.
Tolliver, B.K., Newman, A.H., Katz, J.L., Ho, L.B., Fox, L.M., Hsu, K., Jr., and Berger, P.S. Behavioral and Neurochemical Effects of Dopamine Transporter Ligands Alone and in Combination with Cocaine: Characterization of 4-chlorobenztropine in vivo. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 289, pp. 110-122, 1999.
Katz, J.L., Kopajtic, T.A., Myers, K., Mitkus, R., and Chider, M. The Behavioral Effects of Cocaine: Interactions with D1 Dopaminergic Antagonists and Partial Agonists in Mice and Squirrel Monkeys. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 291, pp. 265-279, 1999.
Katz, J.L., Izenwasser, S., and Terry, P. Relationships Among Dopamine Transporter Affinities and Cocaine-like Discriminative Stimulus Effects. Psychopharmacology, 148, pp. 90-98, 2000.
Woolverton W.L., Rowlett, J.K., Wilcox, K.M., Paul, I.A., Kline, R.H., Newman, A.H., and Katz, J.L. 3' and 4'-Chloro-substituted Analogs of Benztropine: Intravenous Self-administration and In vitroo Radioligand Binding Studies in Rhesus Monkeys. Psychopharmacology, 147, pp. 426-435, 2000.
A new NIDA publication, "Approaches to Drug Abuse Counseling," has been released. This publication was edited by Drs. John Boren, Lisa Onken, and Kathleen Carroll: The volume describes a variety of counseling approaches used across the country. The approaches are described according to a common format so that each counseling approach can be easily compared to the others. The document gives the reader a greater understanding of the variety of drug abuse counseling approaches used today in both research and "real-world" settings.
The first quarterly news update for the CTN was approved in March. The quarterly report was distributed at the May Steering Committee Meeting in Hartford, CT.
The informational brochure entitled "What Is the CTN?" was approved and copies were distributed to all participants at the May Meeting in Hartford, CT.
An informational brochure entitled "What Is a Clinical Trial?" was written and approved. Copies of the brochure were distributed at the Portland, Oregon, Steering Committee Meeting on July 19-21, 2000.
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