Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest

Recreational Activities - Trails

Mt. McLoughlin Trail 3716

Season:	Summer
Elevation:	5,100 to 9,495 Feet
Length:	10.0 Miles Round Trip
User Groups and Difficulty Rating:			More Difficult - Hiker
Prohibited User Groups:
Trail is Not Designed for:	Pack and Saddle, Mountain Bike, Motorized Bike, ATV, 4-Wheel Drive, Barrier Free
Level of Use:	Moderate to Heavy
Facilities:
Maps:	Butte Falls Ranger District Map Sky Lakes Wilderness Map USGS Quad(s): •
Fee:

Description: Mt. McLoughlin is located within Sky Lakes Wilderness. The 5 mile long trail to the summit of Mt. McLoughlin winds through rocky terrain. In many places it is difficult to see and follow. After it leaves the Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail behind (at a point about a mile from the parking lot), the trail ascends through a boulder-strewn forest; watch for blazed trees. Above timberline piled-up rock cairns mark the route to the ridge-top summit route. Along the ridge, the trail is marked by the old Forest Service telephone poles which lead to the top.

Due to steep slopes, poor footing and coarse bare rock, horses are not recommended for the Mt. McLoughlin Trail above its junction with the Pacific Crest Trail.

No motorized or mechanized equipment (i.e. bicycles) are allowed in the Wilderness.

Please observe the "pack it out" ethic (and perhaps you might even pick up other people's litter as you come down). Take only pictures, leave only footprints.

CAUTION! Each year a number of people become disoriented or lost on the way back down, usually due to coming down a different route than they used when climbing the mountain. Tempting as it may seem to descend the sandy, cinder slope on the south side of the mountain, the lower you go on this slope, the farther away you are from the trail. Once down to timberline it is a 2 mile, boulder-hopping hike northeast back to the trail. A better way is to return back down the ridge, keeping the poles in sight until the trail leaves the ridge.

The trail can be difficult to follow during the descent, particularly if it is getting late and the light is fading. Stay alert for trail blazes and familiar landmarks. Look back up the trail occasionally; this may help you stay on it going down. If you lose the trail and cannot find it again, the best direction to travel would be to the east or southeast (which will take you either to the Pacific Crest Trail or to Highway 140).

Although summertime weather is usually mild at the mountain's base, the summit is subject to cold winds, driving rains, lightning and snow storms. Be prepared for weather changes -- and know the symptoms and treatment of hypothermia. Bring along warm, rain-repellent clothing.

The hike from the trailhead to the top of the peak involves an elevation gain of about 4,000 feet. There is no water along the summit trail; carry enough liquid for your needs.

HELPFUL ITEMS: sunglasses, sun-screen lotion, hat, compass, insect repellent, and a first-aid kit.

About Mt. McLoughlin

Mt. McLoughlin rises 9,495 feet above sea level. Although its eastern base is in Klamath County and the Fremont-Winema National Forests, most of it (including the summit) are in Jackson County and the Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest. Mt. McLoughlin covers an area of over 20 square miles and it comprises an estimated volume of about 4 cubic miles. It is the highest peak in southern Oregon, and the highest point in the Cascade Range between the Three Sisters and Mt. Shasta.

Geology: Mt. McLoughlin is a relatively young, composite volcano that first began to build up less than a million years ago. Composed of alternating layers of pyroclastic rocks (cinders, scoria and volcanic ash) and andesite/basalt flows, the mountain's summit was once higher than it is now. Later eruptions (some as recent as 12,000 years ago) added more rock, but the erosive work of Ice Age glaciers removed massive amounts of the mountain's northeast slope. From the summit ridge, you can look down on the long, winding mounds, or "moraines", of loose rock left along the sides and lower end of these ancient glaciers. Gravity continues the slow, steady process of "wearing away" the mountain, as loose boulders regularly roll and bounce their way down the steep northeast slope.

Ecology: After leaving the parking lot, you pass through a forest composed largely of Shasta red fir and mountain hemlock, with scattered lodgepole pine and other trees; manzanita and other shrubs form the understory. As you climb above the forested slopes, you see only the hardy whitebark pine -- a stunted, subalpine species. Although deer, elk and bear occur on the mountain's lower slopes, most of the animals you're likely to see are smaller: Clark's nutcracker (a grey/black/white bird), golden-mantled ground squirrel (common at the summit), and if you're lucky, pine marten (a shy member of the weasel family).

History: Mt. McLoughlin was a major landmark to local Indians. To the Takelma people, the mountain was known as "Alwilamchaldis" (an important hero in their myths) and it was the home of Acorn Woman (who made the acorns grow each year). The Shasta Indians called it "Makayax", one of three mountains which poked above the surface of an ancient ocean. The Klamath called the mountain "Kesh yainatat", the abode of "dwarf old woman", who controlled the west wind. Arrowheads and other artifacts have been found on the mountain's lower slopes; Indians occasionally hunted deer and elk here while camped at lower elevations during the summer.

The place-name history of Mt. McLoughlin is complicated indeed. The first white man to see what we now know as Mt. McLoughlin was Hudson's Bay Company fur trapper Peter Skene Ogden in 1827; he named it "Mt. Sastise" for the Sastise (Shasta) Indians who had guided him north from the Klamath River into the Rogue Valley. Ogden's term, however, was soon changed in spelling and transferred to the huge, 14,000 foot volcano in northern California which now bears the name Mt. Shasta. Its former name (Pit Mountain, from its location near the Pit River) was applied to the Oregon peak. Still called "Mt. Pitt" by some local residents, Mt. McLoughlin was known to early settlers by a number of other names as well, among them: Mt. John Quincy Adams, Mt. Jackson, Mt. Clear View, and Snowy Butte. As if that weren't confusing enough, it had indeed also been named Mt. McLoughlin as early as the mid-1800s! Dr. John McLoughlin, known as the "Father of Oregon", was the head of the Hudson's Bay Co. in Oregon during the period of exploration and early settlement. Tall, and with a long mane of white hair, Dr. McLoughlin was a far-sighted Oregon pioneer. It is fitting that this mountain bears his name, a name that was officially confirmed by the state legislature in 1905.

It is unknown who made the first ascent of Mt. McLoughlin, but by the late 1800s the mountain was probably being climbed by residents and tourists on a fairly regular basis. The Forest Service erected a fire lookout on the summit in 1917. Strong winds threatened to blow the little building off the mountain each winter, so the Forest Service replaced it in 1929 with a new lookout built on a mortared-rock foundation. Often situated either above or in the clouds during fire season (making the job of spotting fires impossible), the Mt. McLoughlin Lookout was eventually abandoned and burned down.

Access:

Fremont-Winema National Forests Information on Mt. McLoughlin