Figure 2.2 is titled "Percentage Distribution of Persons Aged 18 to 64, by Employment Status: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a pie chart showing the percentages of persons by employment status.

Among persons aged 18 to 64, 64.3 percent were employed full time, 13.6 percent were employed part time, 4.2 percent were unemployed, and 17.9 percent were classified as other.

Click here to return to Figure 2.2

Figure 2.3 is titled "Past Month Substance Use and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse among Full-Time Workers, by Age Group: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where types of substance use and types of substance dependence or abuse are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are four categories of substance use and substance dependence or abuse, and for each of these categories, there are bars representing 18- to 64-year-olds, 18- to 25-year-olds, 26- to 34-year-olds, 35- to 49-year-olds, and 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with past month illicit drug use was 8.2 percent among 18- to 64-year-olds, 19.0 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 10.3 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 7.0 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 2.6 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with past month heavy alcohol use was 8.8 percent among 18- to 64-year-olds, 16.3 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 10.4 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 8.1 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 4.7 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with past year illicit drug dependence or abuse was 2.6 percent among 18- to 64-year-olds, 7.5 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 3.3 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 1.9 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 0.7 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with past year alcohol dependence or abuse was 9.2 percent among 18- to 64-year-olds, 18.4 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 12.3 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 7.8 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 4.0 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

Click here to return to Figure 2.3

Figure 2.4 is titled "Past Month Substance Use and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Gender: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where types of substance use and types of substance dependence or abuse are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are four categories of substance use and substance dependence or abuse, and for each of these categories, there is a bar representing males and a bar representing females.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use was 9.7 percent among males and 6.2 percent among females.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use was 12.3 percent among males and 4.1 percent among females.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past year illicit drug dependence or abuse was 3.3 percent among males and 1.8 percent among females.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past year alcohol dependence or abuse was 11.8 percent among males and 5.7 percent among females.

Click here to return to Figure 2.4

Figure 2.5 is titled "Past Month Substance Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where types of substance use are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage using in the past month is shown on the vertical axis. There are two categories of substance use, and for each of these categories, there are bars representing (1) white, (2) black or African American, (3) American Indian or Alaska Native, (4) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, (5) Asian, (6) two or more races, and (7) Hispanic or Latino.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use was 8.8 percent among whites, 8.0 percent among blacks or African Americans, 7.3 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 13.0 percent among Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders, 2.2 percent among Asians, 13.5 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 6.7 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use was 10.1 percent among whites, 5.4 percent among blacks or African Americans, 8.7 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 9.4 percent among Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders, 2.9 percent among Asians, 7.5 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 6.9 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

Click here to return to Figure 2.5

Figure 2.6 is titled "Past Month Substance Use and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Education: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where types of substance use and types of substance dependence or abuse are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are four categories of substance use and substance dependence or abuse, and for each of these categories, there are bars representing education levels of less than high school, high school graduate, some college, and college graduate.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use was 11.2 percent among those with less than a high school education, 9.0 percent among high school graduates, 8.7 percent among those with some college, and 5.7 percent among college graduates.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use was 10.8 percent among those with less than a high school education, 10.0 percent among high school graduates, 8.9 percent among those with some college, and 6.7 percent among college graduates.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past year illicit drug dependence or abuse was 5.1 percent among those with less than a high school education, 2.9 percent among high school graduates, 2.9 percent among those with some college, and 1.2 percent among college graduates.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past year alcohol dependence or abuse was 11.9 percent among those with less than a high school education, 9.4 percent among high school graduates, 9.7 percent among those with some college, and 7.5 percent among college graduates.

Click here to return to Figure 2.6

Figure 2.7 is titled "Past Month Substance Use and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Family Income: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where types of substance use and types of substance dependence or abuse are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are four categories of substance use and substance dependence or abuse, and for each of these categories, there are bars representing incomes of less than $20,000, $20,000 to $49,999, $50,000 to $74,999, and $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use was 13.2 percent among those with an income of less than $20,000, 9.1 percent among those with an income of $20,000 to $49,999, 7.5 percent among those with an income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 6.0 percent among those with an income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use was 9.8 percent among those with an income of less than $20,000, 9.7 percent among those with an income of $20,000 to $49,999, 9.1 percent among those with an income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 7.3 percent among those with an income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past year illicit drug dependence or abuse was 5.6 percent among those with an income of less than $20,000, 3.0 percent among those with an income of $20,000 to $49,999, 2.0 percent among those with an income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 1.7 percent among those with an income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past year alcohol dependence or abuse was 13.3 percent among those with an income of less than $20,000, 9.8 percent among those with an income of $20,000 to $49,999, 8.7 percent among those with an income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 7.6 percent among those with an income of $75,000 or more.

Click here to return to Figure 2.7

Figure 2.8 is titled "Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where types of substance dependence or abuse are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage dependent or abusing in the past year is shown on the vertical axis. There are two categories of substance dependence or abuse, and for each of these categories, there are bars representing (1) white, (2) black or African American, (3) American Indian or Alaska Native, (4) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, (5) Asian, (6) two or more races, and (7) Hispanic or Latino.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past year illicit drug dependence or abuse was 2.5 percent among whites, 2.9 percent among blacks or African Americans, 4.5 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 4.3 percent among Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders, 1.1 percent among Asians, 4.3 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 3.2 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past year alcohol dependence or abuse was 9.6 percent among whites, 7.3 percent among blacks or African Americans, 10.7 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 9.4 percent among Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders, 4.6 percent among Asians, 10.1 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 10.0 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

Click here to return to Figure 2.8

Figure 3.1 is titled "Past Month Illicit Drug Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Major Occupational Categories: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where the percentage of past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the major occupational categories are shown on the vertical axis.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use was 17.4 percent among those in food preparation and serving related occupations; 15.1 percent among those in construction and extraction occupations; 12.4 percent among those in arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations; 9.6 percent among those in sales and related occupations; 9.5 percent among those in installation, maintenance, and repair occupations; 8.7 percent among those in farming, fishing, and forestry occupations; 8.4 percent among those in transportation and material-moving occupations; 8.2 percent among those in building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations; 7.7 percent among those in personal care and service occupations; 7.5 percent among those in office and administrative support occupations; 7.4 percent among those in production occupations; 7.0 percent among those in life, physical, and social science occupations; 6.9 percent among those in engineering, architecture, and surveyor occupations; 6.9 percent among those in mathematical and computer scientist occupations; 6.1 percent among those in management occupations; 6.1 percent among those in healthcare practitioner and technical occupations; 4.9 percent among those in financial occupations; 4.8 percent among those in legal occupations; 4.1 percent among those in education, training, and library occupations; 4.0 percent among those in community and social services occupations; and 3.4 percent among those in protective service occupations.

Click here to return to Figure 3.1

Figure 3.2 is titled "Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Major Occupational Categories: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where the percentage of past month heavy alcohol use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the major occupational categories are shown on the vertical axis.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use was 17.8 percent among those in construction and extraction occupations; 14.7 percent among those in installation, maintenance, and repair occupations; 12.1 percent among those in food preparation and serving related occupations; 11.2 percent among those in transportation and material-moving occupations; 10.2 percent among those in sales and related occupations; 9.7 percent among those in production occupations; 9.5 percent among those in building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations; 9.5 percent among those in farming, fishing, and forestry occupations; 8.7 percent among those in protective service occupations; 8.3 percent among those in engineering, architecture, and surveyor occupations; 7.9 percent among those in management occupations; 7.5 percent among those in arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations; 6.9 percent among those in office and administrative support occupations; 6.2 percent among those in financial occupations; 5.9 percent among those in mathematical and computer scientist occupations; 5.9 percent among those in legal occupations; 5.4 percent among those in personal care and service occupations; 5.3 percent among those in life, physical, and social science occupations; 3.9 percent among those in healthcare practitioner and technical occupations; 3.7 percent among those in education, training, and library occupations; and 2.8 percent among those in community and social services occupations.

Click here to return to Figure 3.2

Figure 3.3 is titled "Past Month Illicit Drug Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Industry Categories: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where the percentage of past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the industry categories are shown on the vertical axis.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use was 16.9 percent among those in the accommodations and food service industries; 13.7 percent among those in the construction industry; 11.6 percent among those in the arts, entertainment, and recreation industries; 11.3 percent among those in the information industry; 10.9 percent among those in the management of companies and enterprises, administrative, support, waste management, and remediation services industries; 9.4 percent among those in the retail trade industry; 8.8 percent among those in the other service industries (except public administration); 8.5 percent among those in the wholesale trade industry; 8.0 percent among those in the professional, scientific, and technical service industries; 7.5 percent among those in the real estate, rental, and leasing industries; 7.3 percent among those in the mining industry; 6.8 percent among those in the finance and insurance industries; 6.5 percent among those in the manufacturing industry; 6.2 percent among those in the transportation and warehousing industries; 6.2 percent among those in the agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting industries; 6.1 percent among those in the health care and social assistance industries; 4.1 percent among those in the public administration industry; 4.0 percent among those in the educational service industry; and 3.8 percent among those in the utilities industry.

Click here to return to Figure 3.3

Figure 3.4 is titled "Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Industry Categories: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where the percentage of past month heavy alcohol use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the industry categories are shown on the vertical axis.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use was 15.9 percent among those in the construction industry; 13.6 percent among those in the arts, entertainment, and recreation industries; 13.3 percent among those in the mining industry; 12.0 percent among those in the accommodations and food service industries; 11.5 percent among those in the wholesale trade industry; 10.4 percent among those in the management of companies and enterprises, administrative, support, waste management, and remediation services industries; 10.4 percent among those in the information industry; 10.1 percent among those in the utilities industry; 9.9 percent among those in the other service industries (except public administration); 9.8 percent among those in the real estate, rental, and leasing industries; 9.7 percent among those in the agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting industries; 9.5 percent among those in the manufacturing industry; 8.8 percent among those in the retail trade industry; 8.6 percent among those in the transportation and warehousing industries; 7.1 percent among those in the professional, scientific, and technical service industries; 6.9 percent among those in the finance and insurance industries; 5.9 percent among those in the public administration industry; 4.3 percent among those in the health care and social assistance industries; and 4.0 percent among those in the educational service industry.

Click here to return to Figure 3.4

Figure 4.1 is titled "Workplace Provides Educational Information, Prepares a Written Policy, or Maintains an Employee Assistance Program concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Age Group: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where types of substance use-related workplace policies and programs are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. The three categories of workplace policies and programs include educational information, a written policy, and an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use. For each of the three categories, there are bars representing 18- to 25-year-olds, 26- to 34-year-olds, 35- to 49-year-olds, and 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 33.2 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 39.6 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 46.3 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 48.9 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 76.9 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 79.3 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 79.8 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 77.1 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 39.7 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 56.4 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 62.4 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 62.6 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

Click here to return to Figure 4.1

Figure 4.2 is titled "Workplace Provides Educational Information, Prepares a Written Policy, or Maintains an Employee Assistance Program concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Gender: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where types of substance use-related workplace policies and programs are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. The three categories of workplace policies and programs include educational information, a written policy, and an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use. For each of the three categories, there is a bar representing males and a bar representing females.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 44.0 percent among males and 43.4 percent among females.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 76.4 percent among males and 81.8 percent among females.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 56.5 percent among males and 61.0 percent among females.

Click here to return to Figure 4.2

Figure 4.3 is titled "Workplace Provides Educational Information, Prepares a Written Policy, or Maintains an Employee Assistance Program concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where types of substance use-related workplace policies and programs are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. The three categories of workplace policies and programs include educational information, a written policy, and an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use. For the three categories, there are bars representing (1) white, (2) black or African American, (3) American Indian or Alaska Native, (4) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, (5) Asian, (6) two or more races, and (7) Hispanic or Latino. There is a note under the figure that says "Note: Due to low precision, estimates of workplace that provides a written policy or maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use among Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander full-time workers are not shown."

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 42.7 percent among whites, 56.3 percent among blacks or African Americans, 54.1 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 54.0 percent among Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders, 41.6 percent among Asians, 42.1 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 38.4 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 78.4 percent among whites, 86.9 percent among blacks or African Americans, 84.2 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 77.3 percent among Asians, 80.1 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 73.1 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 60.6 percent among whites, 65.7 percent among blacks or African Americans, 62.7 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 57.5 percent among Asians, 62.0 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 40.4 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

Click here to return to Figure 4.3

Figure 4.4 is titled "Workplace Provides Educational Information concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Education and Family Income: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where education levels are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. The four categories of education levels are less than high school, high school graduate, some college, and college graduate. For each of the four categories, there are bars representing family incomes of less than $20,000, $20,000 to $49,999, $50,000 to $74,999, and $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with less than a high school education reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 26.5 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 35.9 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 39.5 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 41.8 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with a high school degree reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 34.0 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 43.5 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 48.3 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 47.8 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with some college reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 36.9 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 42.8 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 47.0 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 49.5 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with a college degree reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 32.1 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 40.7 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 46.1 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 48.4 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

Click here to return to Figure 4.4

Figure 4.5 is titled "Workplace Prepares a Written Policy concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Education and Family Income: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where education levels are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. The four categories of education levels are less than high school, high school graduate, some college, and college graduate. For each of the four categories, there are bars representing family incomes of less than $20,000, $20,000 to $49,999, $50,000 to $74,999, and $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with less than a high school education reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 62.9 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 70.1 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 75.5 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 73.5 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with a high school degree reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 69.8 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 78.2 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 82.7 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 78.7 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with some college reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 72.8 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 79.8 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 83.0 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 82.6 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with a college degree reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 70.3 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 77.7 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 82.7 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 82.5 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

Click here to return to Figure 4.5

Figure 4.6 is titled "Workplace Maintains an Employee Assistance Program concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Education and Family Income: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where education levels are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. The four categories of education levels are less than high school, high school graduate, some college, and college graduate. For each of the four categories, there are bars representing family incomes of less than $20,000, $20,000 to $49,999, $50,000 to $74,999, and $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with less than a high school education reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 19.3 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 32.3 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 47.6 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 49.4 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with a high school degree reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 33.7 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 53.2 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 63.8 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 63.1 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with some college reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 41.5 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 57.1 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 66.8 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 68.2 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with a college degree reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 44.9 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 62.1 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 70.1 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 73.1 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

Click here to return to Figure 4.6

Figure 4.7 is titled "Workplace Provides Educational Information, Prepares a Written Policy, or Maintains an Employee Assistance Program concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each category, there are bars representing educational information, a written policy, and an employee assistance program.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use, 32.1 percent reported that their workplace provides educational information, 71.0 percent reported that their workplace prepares a written policy, and 45.4 percent reported that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use, 44.8 percent reported that their workplace provides educational information, 79.4 percent reported that their workplace prepares a written policy, and 59.6 percent reported that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program.

Click here to return to Figure 4.7

Figure 4.8 is titled "Workplace Provides Educational Information concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Age Group and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each category, there are bars representing 18- to 25-year-olds, 26- to 34-year-olds, 35- to 49-year-olds, and 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 28.2 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 31.3 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 35.7 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 33.2 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 34.4 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 40.6 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 47.1 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 49.3 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

Click here to return to Figure 4.8

Figure 4.9 is titled "Workplace Prepares a Written Policy concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Age Group and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each category, there are bars representing 18- to 25-year-olds, 26- to 34-year-olds, 35- to 49-year-olds, and 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 70.5 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 70.3 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 70.9 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 76.3 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 78.4 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 80.4 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 80.5 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 77.1 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

Click here to return to Figure 4.9

Figure 4.10 is titled "Workplace Maintains an Employee Assistance Program concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Age Group and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each category, there are bars representing 18- to 25-year-olds, 26- to 34-year-olds, 35- to 49-year-olds, and 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 34.3 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 44.4 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 51.9 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 58.2 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 41.0 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 57.9 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 63.2 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 62.7 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

Click here to return to Figure 4.10

Figure 4.11 is titled "Workplace Maintains an Employee Assistance Program concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each category, there are bars representing (1) white, (2) black or African American, (3) American Indian or Alaska Native, (4) Asian, (5) two or more races, and (6) Hispanic or Latino. There is a note under the figure that says "Note: Due to low precision, estimates for American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and Asian full-time workers with past month illicit drug use are not shown. Estimates for Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander full-time workers with no past month illicit drug use also are not shown."

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 47.0 percent among whites, 43.1 percent among blacks or African Americans, 31.2 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 37.1 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 61.9 percent among whites, 67.7 percent among blacks or African Americans, 63.6 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 57.7 percent among Asians, 66.8 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 40.7 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

Click here to return to Figure 4.11

Figure 4.12 is titled "Workplace Provides Educational Information concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race and Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month heavy alcohol use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two heavy alcohol use categories: past month heavy alcohol use and no past month heavy alcohol use. For the two categories, there are bars representing (1) white, (2) black or African American, (3) American Indian or Alaska Native, (4) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, (5) Asian, (6) two or more races, and (7) Hispanic or Latino. There is a note under the figure that says "Note: Due to low precision, estimates for American Indian or Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander full-time workers with past month heavy alcohol use are not shown."

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 36.0 percent among whites, 47.5 percent among blacks or African Americans, 27.2 percent among Asians, 25.4 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 41.0 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 43.5 percent among whites, 56.8 percent among blacks or African Americans, 55.3 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 55.1 percent among Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders, 42.1 percent among Asians, 43.5 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 38.2 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

Click here to return to Figure 4.12

Figure 4.13 is titled "Workplace Prepares a Written Policy concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race and Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month heavy alcohol use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two heavy alcohol use categories: past month heavy alcohol use and no past month heavy alcohol use. For each category, there are bars representing (1) white, (2) black or African American, (3) American Indian or Alaska Native, (4) Asian, (5) two or more races, and (6) Hispanic or Latino. There is a note under the figure that says "Note: Due to low precision, estimates for American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, Asian, and two or more races full-time workers with past month heavy alcohol use are not shown. Estimates for Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander full-time workers with no past month heavy alcohol use also are not shown."

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 72.7 percent among whites, 85.2 percent among blacks or African Americans, and 75.0 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 79.1 percent among whites, 87.0 percent among blacks or African Americans, 83.8 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 77.8 percent among Asians, 81.5 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 72.9 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

Click here to return to Figure 4.13

Figure 4.14 is titled "Workplace Maintains an Employee Assistance Program concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race and Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month heavy alcohol use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two heavy alcohol use categories: past month heavy alcohol use and no past month heavy alcohol use. For each category, there are bars representing (1) white, (2) black or African American, (3) American Indian or Alaska Native, (4) Asian, (5) two or more races, and (6) Hispanic or Latino. There is a note under the figure that says "Note: Due to low precision, estimates for American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, Asian, and two or more races full-time workers with past month heavy alcohol use are not shown. Estimates for Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander full-time workers with no past month heavy alcohol use also are not shown."

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 52.4 percent among whites, 51.2 percent among blacks or African Americans, and 41.4 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 61.5 percent among whites, 66.6 percent among blacks or African Americans, 61.6 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 58.2 percent among Asians, 62.9 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 40.4 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

Click here to return to Figure 4.14

Figure 4.15 is titled "Workplace Provides Educational Information, Prepares a Written Policy, or Maintains an Employee Assistance Program concerning Drug or Alcohol Use among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64 with Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use, by Education: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where types of substance use-related workplace policies and programs are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. The three categories of workplace policies and programs include educational information, a written policy, or an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use. For each of the three categories, there are bars representing education levels of less than high school, high school graduate, some college, and college graduate.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace provides educational information concerning drug or alcohol use was 33.1 percent among those with less than a high school education, 38.7 percent among high school graduates, 38.9 percent among those with some college, and 35.5 percent among college graduates.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace prepares a written policy concerning drug or alcohol use was 66.9 percent among those with less than a high school education, 74.1 percent among high school graduates, 75.8 percent among those with some college, and 75.3 percent among college graduates.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace maintains an employee assistance program concerning drug or alcohol use was 32.9 percent among those with less than a high school education, 49.4 percent among high school graduates, 55.1 percent among those with some college, and 61.2 percent among college graduates.

Click here to return to Figure 4.15

Figure 5.1 is titled "Workplace Drug or Alcohol Use Testing Practices among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where workplace drug or alcohol testing practices are shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64, 35.4 percent reported that their workplace tests for alcohol use, 48.8 percent reported that their workplace tests for drug use, 42.9 percent reported that their workplace tests for drug or alcohol use during the hiring process, and 29.6 percent reported that their workplace tests for drug or alcohol use on a random basis.

Click here to return to Figure 5.1

Figure 5.2 is titled "Workplace Tests Employees for Drug or Alcohol Use during Hiring Process among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Major Occupational Categories: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where the percentage of persons employed at workplaces that test employees during the hiring process is shown on the horizontal axis, and the major occupational categories are shown on the vertical axis.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 reporting that their workplace tests employees during the hiring process was 76.2 percent among those in protective service occupations; 73.3 percent among those in transportation and material-moving occupations; 63.1 percent among those in production occupations; 57.4 percent among those in installation, maintenance, and repair occupations; 52.7 percent among those in engineering, architecture, and surveyor occupations; 52.5 percent among those in healthcare practitioner and technical occupations; 46.6 percent among those in office and administrative support occupations; 41.4 percent among those in mathematical and computer scientist occupations; 39.1 percent among those in life, physical, and social science occupations; 38.3 percent among those in management occupations; 36.5 percent among those in building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations; 35.6 percent among those in sales and related occupations; 34.7 percent among those in construction and extraction occupations; 33.6 percent among those in financial occupations; 30.2 percent among those in community and social services occupations; 26.3 percent among those in food preparation and serving related occupations; 21.8 percent among those in farming, fishing, and forestry occupations; 20.7 percent among those in personal care and service occupations; 17.9 percent among those in education, training, and library occupations; 17.3 percent among those in arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations; and 14.0 percent among those in legal occupations.

Click here to return to Figure 5.2

Figure 5.3 is titled "Workplace Tests during Hiring Process among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Age Group and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing 18- to 25-year-olds, 26- to 34-year-olds, 35- to 49-year-olds, and 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 29.4 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 32.0 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 34.2 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 31.3 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 41.3 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 45.8 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 45.5 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 41.0 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

Click here to return to Figure 5.3

Figure 5.4 is titled "Workplace Tests during Hiring Process among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing (1) white, (2) black or African American, (3) American Indian or Alaska Native, (4) Asian, (5) two or more races, and (6) Hispanic or Latino. There is a note under the figure that says "Note: Due to low precision, estimates for American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and Asian full-time workers with past month illicit drug use are not shown. Estimates for Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander full-time workers with no past month illicit drug use also are not shown."

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 30.1 percent among whites, 42.9 percent among blacks or African Americans, 24.0 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 31.6 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 41.5 percent among whites, 59.5 percent among blacks or African Americans, 50.0 percent among American Indians or Alaska Natives, 42.0 percent among Asians, 45.7 percent among those reporting two or more races, and 43.0 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

Click here to return to Figure 5.4

Figure 5.5 is titled "Workplace Tests during Hiring Process among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Gender and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each of these categories, there is a bar representing males and a bar representing females.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 32.7 percent among males and 30.2 percent among females.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 47.2 percent among males and 39.7 percent among females.

Click here to return to Figure 5.5

Figure 5.6 is titled "Workplace Tests during Hiring Process among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Education and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing education levels of less than high school, high school graduate, some college, and college graduate.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 31.5 percent among those with less than a high school education, 35.8 percent among high school graduates, 33.7 percent among those with some college, and 23.7 percent among college graduates.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 43.9 percent among those with less than a high school education, 49.8 percent among high school graduates, 46.8 percent among those with some college, and 35.7 percent among college graduates.

Click here to return to Figure 5.6

Figure 5.7 is titled "Workplace Tests during Hiring Process among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by County Type and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing (1) large metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), (2) small MSAs, (3) micropolitan statistical areas (MiSAs), (4) noncore counties with a town adjacent to MSAs, (5) noncore counties with no town adjacent to MSAs, and (6) noncore rural counties not adjacent to MSAs. There is a note under the figure that says "Note: Due to low precision, estimates for Noncore Adjacent, No Town and Noncore Rural, Not Adjacent among full-time workers with past month illicit drug use are not shown."

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 31.5 percent among those in large MSAs, 32.0 percent among those in small MSAs, 34.1 percent among those in MiSAs, and 33.4 percent among those in noncore counties with a town adjacent to MSAs.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 42.6 percent among those in large MSAs, 46.4 percent among those in small MSAs, 45.5 percent among those in MiSAs, 43.4 percent among those in noncore counties with a town adjacent to MSAs, 41.4 percent among those in noncore counties with no town adjacent to MSAs, and 38.8 percent among those in noncore rural counties not adjacent to MSAs.

Click here to return to Figure 5.7

Figure 5.8 is titled "Workplace Tests during Hiring Process among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Age Group and Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month heavy alcohol use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two heavy alcohol use categories: past month heavy alcohol use and no past month heavy alcohol use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing 18- to 25-year-olds, 26- to 34-year-olds, 35- to 49-year-olds, and 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 34.4 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 40.4 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 45.0 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 46.4 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with no past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 39.9 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 44.8 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 44.7 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 40.5 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

Click here to return to Figure 5.8

Figure 5.9 is titled "Workplace Tests during Hiring Process among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Establishment Size and Past Month Illicit Drug or Alcohol Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month substance use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are four categories for substance use, and for each of these categories, there are bars representing establishment sizes of less than 10 employees, 10 to 24 employees, 25 to 99 employees, 100 to 499 employees, and 500 or more employees.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 15.2 percent among those working at an establishment with less than 10 employees, 21.2 percent among those working at an establishment with 10 to 24 employees, 34.4 percent among those working at an establishment with 25 to 99 employees, 55.9 percent among those working at an establishment with 100 to 499 employees, and 61.7 percent among those working at an establishment with 500 or more employees.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 19.4 percent among those working at an establishment with less than 10 employees, 35.0 percent among those working at an establishment with 10 to 24 employees, 44.9 percent among those working at an establishment with 25 to 99 employees, 62.0 percent among those working at an establishment with 100 to 499 employees, and 71.2 percent among those working at an establishment with 500 or more employees.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 18.2 percent among those working at an establishment with less than 10 employees, 32.0 percent among those working at an establishment with 10 to 24 employees, 46.6 percent among those working at an establishment with 25 to 99 employees, 64.1 percent among those working at an establishment with 100 to 499 employees, and 70.2 percent among those working at an establishment with 500 or more employees.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace tests during the hiring process was 19.1 percent among those working at an establishment with less than 10 employees, 33.8 percent among those working at an establishment with 10 to 24 employees, 43.8 percent among those working at an establishment with 25 to 99 employees, 61.4 percent among those working at an establishment with 100 to 499 employees, and 70.6 percent among those working at an establishment with 500 or more employees.

Click here to return to Figure 5.9

Figure 5.10 is titled "Workplace Tests Employees for Drug or Alcohol Use on a Random Basis among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Major Occupational Categories: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where the percentage of persons employed by workplaces that test employees on a random basis is shown on the horizontal axis, and the major occupational categories are shown on the vertical axis.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 reporting that their workplace tests employees on a random basis was 62.9 percent among those in transportation and material-moving occupations; 61.8 percent among those in protective service occupations; 42.0 percent among those in installation, maintenance, and repair occupations; 40.9 percent among those in production occupations; 35.1 percent among those in engineering, architecture, and surveyor occupations; 31.9 percent among those in construction and extraction occupations; 30.9 percent among those in healthcare practitioner and technical occupations; 29.5 percent among those in office and administrative support occupations; 26.7 percent among those in building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations; 25.2 percent among those in management occupations; 24.0 percent among those in life, physical, and social science occupations; 21.8 percent among those in sales and related occupations; 20.6 percent among those in food preparation and serving related occupations; 20.0 percent among those in farming, fishing, and forestry occupations; 18.8 percent among those in community and social services occupations; 18.7 percent among those in financial occupations; 16.8 percent among those in mathematical and computer scientist occupations; 15.6 percent among those in personal care and service occupations; 12.1 percent among those in education, training, and library occupations; 10.4 percent among those in legal occupations; and 9.9 percent among those in arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.

Click here to return to Figure 5.10

Figure 5.11 is titled "Workplace Tests on a Random Basis among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by County Type: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where county type is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 26.5 percent in large metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), 32.3 percent in small MSAs, 35.1 percent in micropolitan statistical areas (MiSAs), 35.2 percent in noncore counties with a town adjacent to MSAs, 37.7 percent in noncore counties with no town adjacent to MSAs, and 36.8 percent in noncore rural counties not adjacent to MSAs.

Click here to return to Figure 5.11

Figure 5.12 is titled "Workplace Tests on a Random Basis among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Family Income and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing family incomes of less than $20,000, $20,000 to $49,999, $50,000 to $74,999, and $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 20.2 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 24.4 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 19.4 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 16.3 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 28.3 percent among those with a family income of less than $20,000, 31.9 percent among those with a family income of $20,000 to $49,999, 33.2 percent among those with a family income of $50,000 to $74,999, and 27.5 percent among those with a family income of $75,000 or more.

Click here to return to Figure 5.12

Figure 5.13 is titled "Workplace Tests on a Random Basis among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Age Group and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing 18- to 25-year-olds, 26- to 34-year-olds, 35- to 49-year-olds, and 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 19.7 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 20.0 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 22.6 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 20.4 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

The percentage of full-time workers with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 29.1 percent among 18- to 25-year-olds, 30.8 percent among 26- to 34-year-olds, 31.2 percent among 35- to 49-year-olds, and 29.3 percent among 50- to 64-year-olds.

Click here to return to Figure 5.13

Figure 5.14 is titled "Workplace Tests on a Random Basis among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing white, black or African American, and Hispanic or Latino.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 20.0 percent among whites, 29.4 percent among blacks or African Americans, and 17.8 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 29.1 percent among whites, 43.0 percent among blacks or African Americans, and 29.5 percent among Hispanics or Latinos.

Click here to return to Figure 5.14

Figure 5.15 is titled "Workplace Tests on a Random Basis among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Education and Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing education levels of less than high school, high school graduate, some college, and college graduate.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 24.0 percent among those with less than a high school education, 23.7 percent among high school graduates, 20.8 percent among those with some college, and 13.9 percent among college graduates.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 34.0 percent among those with less than a high school education, 36.1 percent among high school graduates, 33.2 percent among those with some college, and 20.8 percent among college graduates.

Click here to return to Figure 5.15

Figure 5.16 is titled "Workplace Tests during Hiring Process or on a Random Basis among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Past Year Illicit Drug or Alcohol Dependence or Abuse: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past year substance dependence or abuse is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are four categories for substance dependence or abuse, and for each of these categories, there are bars representing workplace drug testing during the hiring process and on a random basis.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past year illicit drug dependence or abuse, 34.6 percent reported that their workplace tests during the hiring process and 22.6 percent reported that their workplace tests on a random basis.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past year illicit drug dependence or abuse, 43.2 percent reported that their workplace tests during the hiring process and 29.8 percent reported that their workplace tests on a random basis.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past year alcohol dependence or abuse, 41.4 percent reported that their workplace tests during the hiring process and 28.1 percent reported that their workplace tests on a random basis.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past year alcohol dependence or abuse, 43.1 percent reported that their workplace tests during the hiring process and 29.8 percent reported that their workplace tests on a random basis.

Click here to return to Figure 5.16

Figure 5.17 is titled "Workplace Tests on a Random Basis among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Establishment Size and Past Month Illicit Drug or Alcohol Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month substance use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are four categories for substance use, and for each of these categories, there are bars representing establishment sizes of less than 10 employees, 10 to 24 employees, 25 to 99 employees, 100 to 499 employees, and 500 or more employees.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 11.4 percent among those working at an establishment with less than 10 employees, 16.7 percent among those working at an establishment with 10 to 24 employees, 24.5 percent among those working at an establishment with 25 to 99 employees, 33.7 percent among those working at an establishment with 100 to 499 employees, and 30.2 percent among those working at an establishment with 500 or more employees.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 14.8 percent among those working at an establishment with less than 10 employees, 27.2 percent among those working at an establishment with 10 to 24 employees, 33.1 percent among those working at an establishment with 25 to 99 employees, 40.7 percent among those working at an establishment with 100 to 499 employees, and 43.4 percent among those working at an establishment with 500 or more employees.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 14.9 percent among those working at an establishment with less than 10 employees, 26.1 percent among those working at an establishment with 10 to 24 employees, 36.5 percent among those working at an establishment with 25 to 99 employees, 42.8 percent among those working at an establishment with 100 to 499 employees, and 41.3 percent among those working at an establishment with 500 or more employees.

The percentage of full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month heavy alcohol use reporting that their workplace tests on a random basis was 14.4 percent among those working at an establishment with less than 10 employees, 26.2 percent among those working at an establishment with 10 to 24 employees, 32.0 percent among those working at an establishment with 25 to 99 employees, 40.0 percent among those working at an establishment with 100 to 499 employees, and 42.7 percent among those working at an establishment with 500 or more employees.

Click here to return to Figure 5.17

Figure 6.1 is titled "Workplace Behaviors among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Past Month Substance Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month substance use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are four categories for substance use, and for each of these categories, there are bars representing the following: (1) worked for 3 or more employers in the past year, (2) missed 2 or more days of work in the past month due to illness or injury, and (3) skipped 1 or more days of work in the past month.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use, 12.3 percent worked for 3 or more employers in the past year, 16.4 percent missed 2 or more days of work in the past month due to illness or injury, and 16.3 percent skipped 1 or more days of work in the past month.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use, 5.1 percent worked for 3 or more employers in the past year, 11.0 percent missed 2 or more days of work in the past month due to illness or injury, and 8.2 percent skipped 1 or more days of work in the past month.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month marijuana use, 13.1 percent worked for 3 or more employers in the past year, 16.1 percent missed 2 or more days of work in the past month due to illness or injury, and 16.9 percent skipped 1 or more days of work in the past month.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month marijuana use, 5.2 percent worked for 3 or more employers in the past year, 11.2 percent missed 2 or more days of work in the past month due to illness or injury, and 8.3 percent skipped 1 or more days of work in the past month.

Click here to return to Figure 6.1

Figure 6.2 is titled "Workplace Behaviors among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month heavy alcohol use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two heavy alcohol use categories: past month heavy alcohol use and no past month heavy alcohol use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing the following: (1) worked for 3 or more employers in the past year, (2) missed 2 or more days of work in the past month due to illness or injury, and (3) skipped 1 or more days of work in the past month.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month heavy alcohol use, 8.9 percent worked for 3 or more employers in the past year, 11.7 percent missed 2 or more days of work in the past month due to illness or injury, and 13.6 percent skipped 1 or more days of work in the past month.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month heavy alcohol use, 5.4 percent worked for 3 or more employers in the past year, 11.5 percent missed 2 or more days of work in the past month due to illness or injury, and 8.4 percent skipped 1 or more days of work in the past month.

Click here to return to Figure 6.2

Figure 6.3 is titled "Employees' Feelings toward Working for Employers Who Test during Hiring Process among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing the following: more likely, less likely, and would make no difference.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use, 20.6 percent reported that they were more likely to work for employers who test during the hiring process, 18.2 percent reported that they were less likely to work for employers who test during the hiring process, and 61.2 percent reported that it would make no difference in their decision to work for employers who test during the hiring process.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use, 48.2 percent reported that they were more likely to work for employers who test during the hiring process, 3.7 percent reported that they were less likely to work for employers who test during the hiring process, and 48.1 percent reported that it would make no difference in their decision to work for employers who test during the hiring process.

Click here to return to Figure 6.3

Figure 6.4 is titled "Employees' Feelings toward Working for Employers Who Test on a Random Basis among Full-Time Workers Aged 18 to 64, by Past Month Illicit Drug Use: 2002 through 2004 Combined." It is a bar graph, where past month illicit drug use is shown on the horizontal axis, and the percentage is shown on the vertical axis. There are two illicit drug use categories: past month illicit drug use and no past month illicit drug use. For each of these categories, there are bars representing the following: more likely, less likely, and would make no difference.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with past month illicit drug use, 15.9 percent reported that they were more likely to work for employers who test on a random basis, 29.1 percent reported that they were less likely to work for employers who test on a random basis, and 55.0 percent reported that it would make no difference in their decision to work for employers who test on a random basis.

Among full-time workers aged 18 to 64 with no past month illicit drug use, 42.0 percent reported that they were more likely to work for employers who test on a random basis, 6.9 percent reported that they were less likely to work for employers who test on a random basis, and 54.1 percent reported that it would make no difference in their decision to work for employers who test on a random basis.

Click here to return to Figure 6.4

The adjustment factor a sub k as a function of lambda is defined as the ratio of two quantities. The quantity in the numerator is defined as the sum of two terms. The first term is calculated as the product of l sub k and the difference between u sub k and c sub k. The second term is calculated as the product of u sub k, the difference between c sub k and l sub k, and the value of the exponential function evaluated at the following product: capital A sub k multiplied by the transpose of the vector x sub k, multiplied by lambda. The quantity in the denominator is defined as the sum of two terms. The first term is the difference between u sub k and c sub k. The second term is calculated as the product of the difference between c sub k and l sub k, and the value of the exponential function evaluated at the following product: capital A sub k multiplied by the transpose of the vector x sub k, multiplied by lambda.

Click here to return to Equation A-1

The lambda parameters are estimated by solving the following equation. The quantity of the summation over s of the product of (x sub k, d sub k, and a sub k as a function of lambda), minus the quantity capital T tilde sub x is equal to zero.

Click here to return to Equation A-2

Delta of the parameters w and d equals the summation over all k in s of the ratio of d sub k to capital A sub k multiplied by the sum of the following two quantities. The first quantity is calculated as the product of the difference between a sub k and l sub k, and the logarithm of the ratio of the difference between a sub k and l sub k to the difference between c sub k and l sub k. The second quantity is defined as the product of the difference between u sub k and a sub k, and the logarithm of the ratio of the difference between u sub k and a sub k to the difference between u sub k and c sub k.

Click here to return to Equation A-3

Figure B.1 is titled "Required Effective Sample as a Function of the Proportion Estimated." It is a graph of a function within a coordinate plane; the horizontal axis shows the proportion estimated, and the vertical axis shows the required effective sample size. The following comment is shown: "Current Rule: NSDUH 2004." A horizontal line through the graph indicates that an effective sample size of 68 is required for the current rule. The graph decreases from an infinitely large required effective sample size when the estimated proportion is close to zero and approaches a local minimum of 50 when the estimated proportion is 0.20. The graph increases for estimated proportions greater than 0.20 until a required effective sample size of 68 is reached for an estimated proportion of 0.50. The graph decreases for estimated proportions greater than 0.50 and approaches a local minimum of 50 for the required effective sample size when the estimated proportion is 0.80. The graph increases for estimated proportions greater than 0.80 and reaches an infinitely large required effective sample size when the estimated proportion is close to 1.

Click here to return to Figure B.1

p hat sub d is equal to capital Y hat sub d divided by capital N hat sub d

Click here to return to Equation B-1

The standard error of capital Y hat sub d equals the product of capital N hat sub d and the standard error of p hat sub d.

Click here to return to Equation B-2

Two computational forms of the suppression rule are presented. The first indicates that suppressions occurred when p hat was less than or equal to 0.5 and the following ratio was greater than 0.175: the numerator of the ratio is the standard error of p hat, divided by p hat; the denominator is the negative of the natural logarithm of p hat. The second computational form indicates that suppressions also occurred whenever p hat was greater than 0.5 and the following ratio was greater than 0.175: the numerator is the standard error of p hat, divided by 1 minus p hat; the denominator is the negative of the natural logarithm of the quantity 1 minus p hat.

Click here to return to Equation B-3

Two computational forms of the suppression rule are presented. The first indicates that suppressions occurred when p hat was less than or equal to 0.5 and the following ratio was greater than 0.175: the numerator of the ratio is the standard error of p hat, divided by p hat; the denominator is the negative of the natural logarithm of p hat. The second computational form indicates that suppressions also occurred whenever p hat was greater than 0.5 and the following ratio was greater than 0.175: the numerator is the standard error of p hat, divided by 1 minus p hat; the denominator is the negative of the natural logarithm of the quantity 1 minus p hat.

Click here to return to Equation B-4

Capital Z is equal to the ratio of two quantities. The numerator is p hat sub 1 minus p hat sub 2. The denominator is the square root of the following quantity: the variance of p hat sub1, plus the variance of p hat sub 2, minus twice the covariance of p hat sub 1 and p hat sub 2.

Click here to return to Equation B-5

SAMHSA, an agency in the Department of Health and Human Services, is the Federal Government's lead agency for improving the quality and availability of substance abuse prevention, addiction treatment, and mental health services in the United States.

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