Table of Contents A. Introduction B. Purpose and Need C. Environmental Review Process D. Site Selection Process and Alternatives Alternative 1- No Action Alternative Alternative 2 – Develop the Site with Mobile Homes/Park Models (Proposed Action) Project Location and Site Description Project Description E. Affected Environment and Environmental Consequences Alternative 1- No Action Alternative Alternative 2 - Develop the Site with Mobile Homes/Park Models (Proposed Action) F. Additional Impact Analysis G. Cumulative Impacts H. Public Involvement I. Conclusion List of Figures 1. Location Map 2. Neighborhood map 3. Aerial image 4. Surface image 5. View from 83rd Street 6. View toward southwest 7. Site Layout Appendices A. 8-Step Determination (Floodplain Management) B. Record of Environmental Consideration C. GeoSearch Radius Report Draft Environmental Assessment Schreiber Community Mobile Home Park Galveston, Galveston County Hurricane Ike FEMA-1791 DR -TX A. Introduction Hurricane Ike, a Category 2 hurricane with a storm surge above normal high tide levels, moved across the Texas coast on September 7, 2008. Maximum sustained winds at landfall were estimated at 125 miles per hour. President Bush declared a major disaster for the State of Texas due to damages from Hurricane Ike. The President signed a disaster declaration (FEMA-1791-DR-TX) on September 13, 2008, authorizing the Department of Homeland Security’s Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to provide federal assistance in designated areas. FEMA proposes to administer this disaster assistance pursuant to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act), PL 93-288, as amended. Section 408 of the Stafford Act authorizes FEMA’s Individual Households Program to provide emergency and temporary housing for eligible disaster victims whose homes are uninhabitable or destroyed as a result of the declared event. This Draft Environmental Assessment (DEA) has been prepared in compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA); the President’s Council on Environmental Quality regulations implementing NEPA (40 CFR 1500-1508); and FEMA’s regulations implementing NEPA (44 CFR 10.9). The purpose of this DEA is to analyze potential environmental impacts of the proposed temporary community housing site expansion at Schreiber Mobile Home Park, as part of an expedited review process. FEMA will use the findings in this DEA to determine whether to prepare an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) or issue a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI). B. Purpose and Need Catastrophic damage from Hurricane Ike has resulted in an extraordinary demand for housing assistance in Galveston County. The purpose of this action is to fulfill FEMA’s mandate under the Individual and Households Program to expeditiously provide temporary housing for eligible disaster victims. To date, about 70,817 requests for federal assistance have been received for Galveston County and of these requests, approximately 15,767 (total Pre-Placement Interviews) are for temporary housing assistance (FEMA Individual Assistance Program Summary Report 12/05/08). The estimated number of applications for direct housing assistance, provision of a manufactured housing unit on an available private, commercial park or community site location, is 906 for Galveston County (FEMA Individual Assistance Program Manufactured Housing Activity Report 12/07/08). Most of this demand will be met by placing a mobile home on an applicant’s private site or providing them with a mobile home on an available pad leased in a commercial park. However, once these options are exhausted FEMA estimates many applicants still will remain in need of direct housing, thus supporting the need to develop a temporary community housing site, hereafter noted as a “community site.” C. Environmental Review Process In order to meet the urgent needs of disaster victims in need of temporary housing, FEMA has implemented an expedited environmental review process. The purpose of this document is to assist FEMA in fulfilling its environmental review responsibilities under NEPA and serve as a vehicle to document compliance under other applicable environmental laws. Laws and Executive Orders addressed through this EA include: the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, Endangered Species Act, National Historic Preservation Act, Executive Order 11988 (Floodplain Management), Executive Order 11990 (Protection of Wetlands), Executive Order 12898 (Environmental Justice), and Farmland Protection Policy Act. Other resource areas or issues evaluated in this EA include floodplain, coastal zone, noise, visual resources, traffic, socioeconomics, safety and security, and hazardous and toxic waste. Agency coordination/consultation is being conducted on a site by site basis as necessary. The scope of FEMA’s environmental review includes evaluating project alternatives, characterizing the affected environment, identifying potential environmental impacts, and outlining ways to reduce or minimize adverse affects. This EA examines the site-specific environmental impacts associated with building a proposed FEMA community housing site on privately owned land to be leased by the General Service Administration for this purpose. This EA was prepared based on a site evaluation, document research, and resource agency information.  An electronic version of the Draft EA will be provided to interested agencies prior to and during the public comment period.  The public participation period will be brief, as necessitated by the emergency circumstances.  Agency coordination and consultation will be deemed complete at the end of the public comment period.  FEMA believes that this process will allow for sufficient action analysis and meet the goal of providing timely federal assistance to disaster victims. D. Site Selection Process and Alternatives NEPA requires investigation and evaluation of reasonable project alternatives as part of the project environmental review process. At a minimum, FEMA’s NEPA implementing regulations require the No Action and Proposed Action be evaluated. Concurrent to the Proposed Action; federally assisted housing options, including minor home repairs, rental assistance and installing a mobile home or Park model on a private site or in an existing mobile home park, are being exhausted first; for those requesting housing assistance in the impacted area.  These options rapidly deplete with the high demand, accordingly, a remaining alternative is to build an emergency and temporary community housing site where the above options do not satisfy the demand. In order to expedite the community housing site selection process, FEMA is working closely with local officials to identify potential sites followed by a cursory site reconnaissance and research to determine suitability. Important factors considered in choosing a site include: demand for temporary housing in that area, community acceptance, proximity of community services/amenities (schools, healthcare facilities, public transportation, etc), engineering and construction feasibility, access to utilities, land use compatibilities, property owner terms, costs to develop and maintain site, and environmental/cultural resource sensitivities. FEMA continues to evaluate alternative sites in Galveston County, and other counties within coastal southeast Texas.  Although various alternatives have been and continue to be identified, the extraordinary amount of needed housing have limited this EA to analysis of one suitable site alternative at this time. The Schreiber site was selected for further analysis because it meets the basic site feasibility and selection criteria. Alternative 1- No Action Alternative Under the No Action alternative, FEMA would not develop a temporary community housing site for this area. Displaced residents would continue to stay with relatives/friends, in hotels, or other temporary locations until they resolve their own long-term housing needs. Alternative 2 – Develop the Schreiber Site with Mobile Homes (Proposed Action) The Proposed Action would provide temporary housing for eligible disaster victims displaced by Hurricane Ike in Galveston, Texas. Disaster victims would be temporarily relocated to the site with an expected occupancy up to 24 months while they resolve their permanent housing solution. Project Location and Site Description The proposed project would develop a temporary community mobile home park for 54 mobile homes located at 83rd Street and Stewart Road, Galveston County, Texas. The site is bordered on the north and east by athletic fields and related facilities, mobile homes and pasture, on the south by residential and commercial property and west by an airport runway clear zone. The site is located near the beach in Galveston, Texas. The site consists of approximately 4 acres and is currently used as soccer and baseball fields. Project Description The project description is based on the site preliminary design completed on December 8, 2008, by CH2MHill. The proposed action would involve the construction of a mobile home community site (hereafter “community site”) which would accommodate approximately 54 units (see figures for preliminary site design). At this time, occupancy is not expected to exceed 24 months. Site development is pending the city review and approval. The following specific site development components would be included with this project: * Site preparation would include minimal clearing and grading. * Electrical services would be above ground and connected to existing utilities from tie-ins on 83rd Street. * Potable water will be connected below ground to a water main located along 83rd street. New lines and hydrants will be installed on the property for all units. * A gravity flow sanitary sewer system will collect and transport effluent to an existing utility line. The tie-in to local sewer is located along Stewart Road. * Access to the Park is planned from 83rd Street. * Stormwater drainage will be accommodated by design as necessary. * Interior roadways and pads would be constructed of asphalt. * Uniform Federal Accessibility Standard features include 15% of pads, 15% of common space and 100% of necessary public amenities. When the temporary housing need has ended, FEMA expects that the homes would be hauled from the site. The Park would then be seeded and reasonably restored to its previous conditions or used by the landowner in a manner consistent with local zoning classifications. E. Affected Environment and Environmental Consequences Table 1 summarizes the results of the environmental review process for the Proposed Action. Potential environmental impacts that were found to be negligible are not evaluated further. Resource areas that have the potential for impacts of minor, moderate, or major intensity are further developed in Section F. When applicable, mitigation measures that would reduce potential adverse effects are incorporated in site development and required as conditions for the project to proceed. Definitions of the impact intensity are described below: Negligible: The resource area (e.g., geology) would not be affected, or changes would be either non-detectable or if detected, would have effects that would be slight and local. Impacts would be well below regulatory standards, as applicable. Minor: Changes to the resource would be measurable, although the changes would be small and localized. Impacts would be within or below regulatory standards, as applicable. Mitigation measures would reduce any potential adverse effects. Moderate: Changes to the resource would be measurable and have both localized and regional scale impacts. Impacts would be within or below regulatory standards, but historical conditions are being altered on a short-term basis. Mitigation measures would be necessary and the measures would reduce any potential adverse effects. Major: Changes would be readily measurable and would have substantial consequences on a local and regional level. Impacts would exceed regulatory standards. Mitigation measures to offset the adverse effects would be required to reduce impacts, though long-term changes to the resource would be expected. Alternative 1- No Action Alternative The No Action alternative will not impact the existing environment, as no site preparation or construction would occur for temporary community housing purposes. This alternative would preclude the federal government from adequately addressing the urgency of providing temporary and transient emergency housing. Consequently, displaced disaster victims would have to remain in the temporary housing they have acquired through their own resources and possibly far from their original home. The short and long term recovery of flood victims and their communities would be further compounded by fewer housing options. They would continue to suffer social and economic stresses related to the disaster recovery. Alternative 2 - Develop the Schreiber Site with Mobile Homes (Proposed Action) The Proposed Action would provide temporary housing for eligible disaster victims displaced by Hurricane Ike from Galveston County. Disaster victims would be temporarily relocated to the Schreiber site with an expected occupancy of up to 24 months (which includes a site deactivation period) while they resolve their permanent housing solution. Environmental impacts associated with implementation of Alternative 2 are discussed in Table 1 (Affected Environment and Environmental Consequences) and in Section F. Table 1. Affected Environment and Environmental Consequences Matrix. Geology and Soils Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - There are no prime and unique farmlands on the project site and the site is within incorporated city limits. There is a slight potential for localized increase in soil erosion during construction. Agency Coordination / Permits - Texas Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (PDES) stormwater construction permit to be obtained by construction contractor. Mitigation - Implement construction Best Management Practices (BMPs). Install silt fences/straw bales to reduce sedimentation. Area soils will be wetted during construction to minimize wind erosion. If fill is stored on site, the contractor would be required to cover it appropriately. Hydrology and Floodplains (Executive Order 11988) Impact Intensity - Minor Impact Summary - Project area is located in flood Zone AE per the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map 480510 0175 B and must be considered through the 8-step process. Agency Coordination / Permits - 8-Step Process Mitigation - Compliance with the Eight Step process prepared for Schreiber Field dated December 6, 2008 Wetlands (Executive Order 11990) Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - No wetlands were observed at the project site during the field reconnaissance. No wetlands were shown on the USFWS National Wetland Inventory (NWI) maps. No impacts to wetlands are anticipated. Agency Coordination / Permits - None. Mitigation - None. Coastal Zone Management Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - Project site is located within the boundaries of the Coastal Zone, but temporary residential site development and occupancy has been determined consistent with the State’s coastal zone management plan. Agency Coordination / Permits - None. Mitigation - None. Water Quality Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - There is potential for localized increase in sedimentation as a result of site preparation activities. Potential impact to water quality in downstream swales, ditches, and streams (e.g., turbidity, siltation, biological oxygen demand). Agency Coordination / Permits - Storm water permits to be obtained by construction contractor. Mitigation - Contractor to implement requirements of Storm water permit. These include Best Management Practices such as installation of silt fences, straw bales, etc. to reduce sedimentation. If fill is stored on site, the contractor would be required to cover it appropriately. Air Quality Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - Galveston County is designated an area of Non-Attainment per the US Environmental Protection Agency. Residential site development and occupancy is consistent with the State Implementation Plan. Negligible impact would be anticipated from vehicle exhaust emissions and increased dust during construction. Agency Coordination / Permits - EPA Region 6 designation. Mitigation - Site soils would be covered and/or wetted during construction to minimize fugitive dust. Vegetation and Wildlife Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - The project site is currently athletic fields. Agency Coordination / Permits - None. Mitigation - Once the temporary housing need has ended, the site would be seeded and restored to previous conditions to the extent practical and/or used by the landowner in a manner consistent with local zoning. Threatened and Endangered Species (Endangered Species Act, Section 7) Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - No threatened or endangered species habitat occurs at the site. No effect is anticipated to threatened or endangered species or their habitat as a result of site development and occupancy. Agency Coordination / Permits - USFWS has been advised of this proposed project. USFWS concurrence letter dated 12/04/08. Mitigation - None. Cultural Resources (National Historic Preservation Act, Section 106) Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - Through site pedestrian survey and review of the Texas Historical Commission’s Atlas database, FEMA has determined that there are no National Register listed or eligible historic properties in the Area of Potential Effect (APE). Agency Coordination / Permits - SHPO concurrence letter dated 12/05/08 Mitigation - None. Socioeconomics Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - Site occupancy is expected to be about 135 people [54 units x estimated 2.5 people per unit] maximum. It is expected the site residents are currently displaced residents of Galveston County. See Section F. Agency Coordination / Permits - The establishment of the Schreiber temporary community housing site is pending city review and approval. Mitigation - None. Environmental Justice (Executive Order 12898) Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - The proposed action is not expected to pose disproportionately high and adverse public health or environmental effects on minority and low-income populations. See Section F. Agency Coordination / Permits - None. Mitigation - None. Noise Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - There are no excessive noise sources; such as airports, railroads, and major highways; in close proximity to the proposed site. During the construction period residents immediately adjacent to the project site may temporarily experience elevated ambient noise levels. Due to the urgency of the situation, construction may occur on a 24-hour schedule until the site is completed. Construction noise impacts would be short-term and limited to the duration of construction activities. Agency Coordination / Permits - None. Mitigation - If necessary, the following noise reduction measures should be considered: (1) restricting the 24-hour schedule to the first two weeks of construction; (2) using a 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. construction schedule; (3) completing construction closest to adjoining residents first; and (4) completing noisier activities during the day if a 24-hour schedule is used. Safety and Security Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - No site safety or security concerns were observed during site reconnaissance. Agency Coordination / Permits - None. Mitigation - The contractor would post appropriate signage and fencing to minimize potential adverse public safety concerns, including placing fencing around the site perimeter. Appropriate signage and barriers should be in place prior to construction activities in order to alert pedestrians and motorists of project activities and traffic pattern changes. Hazardous Materials and Toxic Wastes Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - A Phase I Environmental Site Assessment has been completed through direct field observation and review of existing records and databases for potential site or adjacent site hazardous materials contamination. Hazardous waste generators and petroleum storage tanks are located less than .5 miles but are determined not to pose a threat to this site. No environmental conditions were observed during fieldwork or noted during research. Agency Coordination / Permits - Phase 1 search by GeoSearch Job# 1292 dated 11/25/08, and web search of Texas Railroad Commission. Mitigation - None. Traffic and Transportation Impact Intensity - Negligable Impact Summary - Traffic volumes on the local road network in the immediate project area would increase during construction and occupancy. The existing infrastructure would be able to accommodate these increases without impacting local traffic patterns. Agency Coordination / Permits - None. Mitigation - None. F. Additional Impact Analysis Cultural Resources On November 17, 2008, an archaeological pedestrian survey was conducted by Historic Preservation Specialist Jodi Lee Carpenter, Allan Johnson – FEMA, EHP, and Diane Montgomery- FEMA, EHP. Jodi Lee Carpenter also conducted a cultural records file search in the Texas Historical Commission Archaeological Sites Atlas through the Texas State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO). The file search found no previously identified archaeological sites within or adjacent to the survey area. In addition, there are no buildings on the proposed site and no adjacent structures eligible for the National Register of Historic Places, nor is it located within a National Register of Historic Places listed or eligible district. This field is used as a ball field and has stadium lights. A baseball field is on the northern boundary. Previous ground disturbance is indicated by placement of the stadium light poles, a fence line surrounding the field, and a storm drainage ditch and utilities which runs along the southern boundary. No historic or prehistoric cultural resources were observed within the survey boundary. No subsurface testing was conducted for this survey. Socioeconomics The project site is located in the 77554 zip code of Texas. According to the 2000 Census, zip code 77554 had 8056 residents, and 2226 housing units. The median household income was estimated at about $51,722 (based on 1999 dollars) (Census 2000). The primary employment sectors were tourism, service, and administration. According to the 2000 census, about 2.8 percent of the zip code’s civilian labor force is unemployed. With the establishment of the site, up to approximately 135 residents would be temporarily relocating to the Schreiber Field area (54 units x estimated 2.5 people per unit), and site residents would usually be residents of the area currently displaced from their homes. The local community is aware of this action and would experience an increase in the need for public services, such as schools, fire and police services, child care, and medical services. However, the demand for public and commercial services is not expected to be greater than the pre-hurricane demand and potential impacts would be minimal. Environmental Justice Executive Order (EO) 12898 requires that each Federal agency identify and address the effects of its programs, policies, and activities on minority and low-income populations. The function of the EO is to avoid disproportionately high and adverse public health or environmental impacts to the target populations. Further, EO 12898 also tasks Federal agencies to ensure that public notifications regarding environmental issues are concise, understandable, and readily accessible. The population within the 77554 zip code is comprised of about 4.9 percent African American, 87.9 percent Caucasian, and approximately 6.9 percent of the families are living below the poverty level. In comparison to Galveston County and Texas, the zip code has a lower percentage of families below the poverty level and a lower percentage of African American residents (Table 2) (Census 2000). Table 2: Minority and Low Income Populations Summary Statistics Demographics (percent). Caucasian: City - 58.7; County - 72.7; Texas - 75.1 African American: City - 25.5; County - 15.4; Texas - 12.3 Other: City - 13.4; County - 9.8; State - 10.1 Families below poverty: City - 17.8; County - 10.1; Texas - 9.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 The proposed action is not expected to pose disproportionately high and adverse public health or environmental effects on minority and low-income populations. The availability of Federal assistance, including temporary housing for displaced individuals, is consistent with EO 12898. All forms of FEMA disaster housing assistance are available to any affected household that meets the conditions of eligibility and demographics are not among the eligibility requirements. The specific demographics of community site occupants are not available at this time because specific individuals or families are in the process of being identified for this site. However, the demographic makeup of the future Park residents is expected to be similar to the community as a whole. Further, the availability of temporary housing would result in a positive impact to displaced individuals, regardless of whether they are minority and/or low income. Hazardous Materials and Wastes A database review of reported hazardous materials contaminated sites and generators; and records review with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, yielded no known on-site or nearby location concerns related to historical contamination (GeoSearch, 11/25/08). No environmental conditions; such as distressed vegetation and historical soil contamination were observed during field reconnaissance. Accordingly, no on-site soil sampling was deemed necessary. G. Cumulative Impacts Cumulative impacts are defined as environmental effects that are greater in magnitude, extent, or duration than the direct and indirect effects of the proposed FEMA-associated action when combined with the effects of other current and future actions, regardless of the proponent. Given the Proposed Action is temporary, long-term (up to 18 months) cumulative affects to the area surrounding the site as a result of site development and occupancy are not anticipated. H. Public Involvement Public involvement is being performed in compliance with NEPA, FEMA’s regulations implementing NEPA at 44 CFR 10.9(c), and Executive Orders 12898, 11988, and 11990. A Public Notice will be published in Galveston County Daily News on Thursday Dec. 11, 2008. Due to the emergency nature of this action, the public comment period will be brief, from Dec. 11, 2008 to Dec. 15, 2008. Written comments on the Draft EA, Draft Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI), and Draft 8-Step Determination can be faxed to FEMA’s Joint Field Office in Austin at (512) 465-3764. Verbal comments are being accepted at (866) 568-1260, and TTY for hearing or speech-impaired at (800) 462-7585; between 8:00 A.M. and 5:00 P.M. The Draft EA and FONSI are available for public review at the Galveston Island Disaster Recovery Center (DRC) located at the Galveston Island Community Center at 4700 Broadway, Galveston, TX, 77551. The DRC hours are Monday through Saturday, 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. The Draft EA is also available for review at the Rosenberg Library, 2310 Sealy Ave., Galveston, TX, 77550. The library hours are Tuesday through Saturday, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. The Draft EA and FONSI are also available for viewing and download from FEMA’s website at http://www.fema.gov/plan/ehp/envdocuments/ea-region6.shtm. If no substantive comments are received relative to the proposed action’s environmental effects, the Draft EA and FONSI will become final and the initial Public Notice will also serve as the final Public Notice. Substantive comments will be addressed as appropriate in the Final documents. I. Conclusion This EA was written to evaluate the potential impacts to the environment from the No Action and Proposed Action alternatives. The EA has also addressed the compliance requirements of the National Historic Preservation Act, Endangered Species Act, Executive Orders 11988 (Floodplain Management), 11990 (Protection of Wetlands), and 12898 (Environmental Justice), and other related environmental statutes along with considering issues such as hazardous and toxic wastes, infrastructure, and socioeconomics. Based on fieldwork, proposed action scope of work and mitigation measures, research, and consultations; the findings of this EA indicate that an Environmental Impact Statement is not required. A Draft Finding of No Significant Impact has been prepared and is attached.