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Rubella, Congenital Syndrome
1996 Case Definition
Clinical description
An illness usually manifesting in infancy resulting
from rubella infection in utero and characterized by signs or symptoms
from the following categories:
- Cataracts/congenital glaucoma, congenital heart
disease (most commonly patent ductus arteriosus, or peripheral pulmonary
artery stenosis), loss of hearing, pigmentary retinopathy
- Purpura, splenomegaly, jaundice, microcephaly,
mental retardation, meningoencephalitis, radiolucent bone disease.
Clinical case definition
Presence of any defects or laboratory data consistent
with congenital rubella infection
Laboratory criteria for diagnosis
- Isolation of rubella virus, or
- Demonstration of rubella-specific immunoglobulin
M antibody, or
- Infant rubella antibody level that persists
at a higher level and for a longer period than expected from
passive transfer of maternal antibody (i.e., rubella titer
that does not drop at the expected rate of a twofold dilution
per month)
Case classification
Suspected: a case with
some compatible clinical findings but not meeting the criteria for
a probable case
Probable: a case that is not laboratory
confirmed and that has any two complications listed in paragraph
a) of the clinical description or one complication from paragraph
a) and one from paragraph b), and lacks evidence of any other
etiology
Confirmed: a clinically compatible case
that is laboratory confirmed
Infection only: a case that demonstrates
laboratory evidence of infection, but without any clinical symptoms
or signs
Comment
In probable cases, either or both of the eye-related
findings (i.e., cataracts and congenital glaucoma) are interpreted
as a single complication. In cases classified as infection only,
if any compatible signs or symptoms (e.g., hearing loss) are identified
later, the case is reclassified as confirmed.
See also:
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