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Streptococcus pneumoniae causes many clinical syndromes, depending on the site of infection (e.g., acute otitis media, pneumonia, bacteremia, or meningitis). Starting in 2000, a conjugate pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for prevention of pneumococcal disease in the pediatric population.
Isolation of S. pneumoniae from a normally sterile site (e.g., blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or, less commonly, joint, pleural, or pericardial fluid)
Confirmed: a clinically compatible case in a child less than five years of age caused by laboratory-confirmed culture of S. pneumoniae from a normally sterile site
The difference between this case definition and the previous case definition for this condition is the inclusion of new case classifications for reporting purposes.
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