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Dengue Fever (Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever) (Dengue Shock Syndrome)
1996 Case Definition
Clinical description
An acute febrile illness characterized by frontal
headache, retro-ocular pain, muscle and joint pain, and rash. The
principal vector is the Aedes aegypti mosquito and transmission
usually occurs in tropical or subtropical areas. Severe manifestations
(e.g., dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome) are rare
but may be fatal.
Laboratory criteria for diagnosis
- Isolation of dengue virus from serum and/or
autopsy tissue samples, or
- Demonstration of a fourfold or greater rise
or fall in reciprocal immunoglobulin G (IgG) or immunoglobulin
M (IgM) antibody titers to one or more dengue virus antigens
in paired serum samples, or
- Demonstration of dengue virus antigen in autopsy
tissue or serum samples by immunohistochemistry or by viral
nucleic acid detection
Case classification
Probable: a clinically
compatible case with supportive serologic findings (a reciprocal
IgG antibody titer of greater than or equal to 1280 or a positive
IgM antibody test on a single acute (late)- or convalescent-phase
serum specimen to one or more dengue virus antigens)
Confirmed: a clinically compatible case
that is laboratory confirmed
Comment
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is defined as an acute febrile
illness with minor or major bleeding phenomena, thrombocytopenia
(less than or equal to 100,000/mm3), and evidence of plasma
leakage documented by hemoconcentration (hematocrit increased by
greater than or equal to 20%) or other objective evidence of increased
capillary permeability. The definition of dengue shock syndrome follows
all of the above criteria for dengue hemorrhagic fever and also includes
hypotension or narrow pulse pressure (less than or equal to 20 mm
Hg).
See also:
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