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Cholera (Vibrio cholerae)
1995 Case Definition
Clinical description
An illness characterized by diarrhea and/or vomiting;
severity is variable.
Laboratory Criteria for Diagnosis
- Isolation of toxigenic (i.e., cholera toxin-producing) Vibrio
cholerae O1 or O139 from stool or vomitus, or
- Significant increase in vibriocidal or antitoxic
antibodies between acute- and early convalescent-phase sera,
or
- Significant decrease in vibriocidal antibodies
between early and late convalescent-phase sera among persons
not recently vaccinated
Case Classification
Confirmed: a clinically
compatible illness that is laboratory confirmed
Comment
When other cases are known to be occurring, a less
than fourfold increase in titer between acute- and convalescent-phase
serum may be considered significant. Likewise, a less than fourfold
decrease in titer between early and late convalescent-phase sera
may be important in these circumstances. Illnesses caused by
strains of V. cholerae other than toxigenic V. cholerae O1
or O139 should not be reported as cases of cholera. The etiologic
agent of a case of cholera should be reported as either V.
cholerae O1 or V. cholerae O139.
Note: Only confirmed cases should be reported by
state health departments to the NNDSS.
See also:
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