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Safety and Health Topics |
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Chemical
Terrorism |
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The intentional use of chemicals as a weapon by terrorists
is a growing concern for public health officials. The terrorist attacks on
September 11, 2001 led to an increased awareness of workplaces as possible
terrorist targets. A variety of chemicals can be used, including Sulfur Mustard.
The following references link to general safety and health information relevant
to a possible terrorist
threat using chemicals.
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Chemical Sampling Information. OSHA.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards - Abrin. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC), (2003, March 24). Information
for first responders includes agent-specific identification, medical symptoms,
prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting, sampling and
analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and packaging and
labeling information.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards - Cyanogen Chloride. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, March 20).
Information for first responders includes agent-specific identification,
medical symptoms, prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting,
sampling and analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and
packaging and labeling information.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards - Hydrogen Cyanide. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, March 20).
Information for first responders includes agent-specific identification,
medical symptoms, prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting,
sampling and analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and
packaging and labeling information.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards - Potassium Cyanide. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, March 20).
Information for first responders includes agent-specific identification,
medical symptoms, prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting,
sampling and analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and
packaging and labeling information.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards -Sodium Cyanide. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, March 20).
Information for first responders includes agent-specific identification,
medical symptoms, prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting,
sampling and analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and
packaging and labeling information.
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Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response- Cyanide (CDC). Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, April 3). Includes links to Fact Sheets, Emergency Response Cards,
Toxicological Profiles, and FAQs about cyanide.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards - Sulfur Mustard. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, March 20).
Information for first responders includes agent-specific identification,
medical symptoms, prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting,
sampling and analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and
packaging and labeling information.
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Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response - Sulfur Mustard (CDC).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, April 3). Includes links to Fact Sheets, Emergency Response Card,
Toxicological Profiles, Medical Management Guidelines, and FAQs about sulfur
mustard.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards - HN1 Nitrogen Mustard. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, March
20). Information for first responders includes agent-specific identification,
medical symptoms, prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting,
sampling and analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and
packaging and labeling information.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards - HN2 Nitrogen Mustard. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, March
20). Information for first responders includes agent-specific identification,
medical symptoms, prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting,
sampling and analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and
packaging and labeling information.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards - HN3 Nitrogen Mustard. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, March
20). Information for first responders includes agent-specific identification,
medical symptoms, prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting,
sampling and analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and
packaging and labeling information.
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Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response - Nitrogen Mustard.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, April 3). Includes links to Fact Sheets, Emergency Response Cards,
Toxicological Profiles, and FAQs about cyanide.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards - Ricin. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) (2003, March 24). Information
for first responders includes agent-specific identification, medical symptoms,
prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting, sampling and
analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and packaging and
labeling information.
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Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response - Ricin. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003,
April 3). Includes links to FAQs and Emergency Response Card about Ricin.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards - Sarin. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC), (2003, March 20). Information
for first responders includes agent-specific identification, medical symptoms,
prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting, sampling and
analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and packaging and
labeling information.
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Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response - Sarin. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003,
April 3). Includes Fact Sheets, Emergency Response Card, Medical Management
Guidelines, and FAQs about sarin.
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NIOSH Emergency Response Cards - VX. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC), (2003, March 20). Information for
first responders includes agent-specific identification, medical symptoms,
prevention, personal protective equipment, fire fighting, sampling and
analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, and packaging and
labeling information.
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Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response - VX. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, April
3). Includes links to Fact Sheets, Emergency Response Card, Medical Management
Guidelines, and FAQs about VX.
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Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Chemical Agents List A-Z.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), (2003, April 3).
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Guidance for Protecting Building Environments from Airborne Chemical,
Biological, or Radiological Attacks. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC), (2002, May).
Standards/Exposure Guidelines
- OSHA
- Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program
- Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Regarding Acute
Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) at CSEPP Sites. (2003, January), 130 KB
PDF, 6 pages.
- Acute Exposure Guideline Levels. (2003, January), 104 KB
PDF, 1 page.
- US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (USACHPPM)
- Basic Facts Regarding Chemical Exposure Standards and
Guidelines. (2003, January), 178 KB
PDF, 1 page.
- Basic Questions Regarding Acute Exposure Guideline
Levels (AEGLs) in Emergency Planning and Response. (2003,
January), 241 KB
PDF, 1 page.
- Health Effects Associated With Sulfur Mustard Acute
Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs). (2003, January), 151 KB
PDF, 2 pages.
- Health Effects Associated With Nerve Agent Acute
Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs). (2003, January), 143 KB
PDF, 2 pages.
- Chemical Agent Air Standards Status Table: Existing
and Proposed Standards as of 4/05/03. (2003, April 05), 206 KB
PDF, 2 pages.
- Chemical Agent Multi Media/Toxicity Standards Status
Table: Existing and proposed criteria as of 3/19/01. (2001,
March 19), 199 KB
PDF, 2 pages.
- Evaluation of Percutaneous Vapor Toxicity for Certain
Chemical Warfare Agents: Application to Selection Guidelines for Protective
Ensembles. (2003, February 24), 229 KB
PDF, 29 pages.
- Breakthrough Value Concentrations for SCBA Time Limit
Tests for Sulfur Mustard (HD) and Sarin (GB). (2001, December
12), 151 KB
PDF, 5 pages.
- Chemical Risk Assessment and Exposure Guidelines (and
how AEGLs fit in). (2003, March), 2.5 MB
PPT.
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
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ToxFAQs™ for Nerve Agents (GA, GB, GD, VX). (2002, April).
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ToxFAQsTM for Mustard Gas. (2002, April).
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ToxFAQs™ for Blister Agents: Lewisite (L), Mustard-Lewisite Mixture (HL). (2002, April).
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ToxFAQs™ for Blister Agents: HN-1, HN-2, HN-3 (Nitrogen Mustards). (2002, April).
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ToxFAQs™ for Blister Agents: Sulfur Mustard Agent H/HD Sulfur Mustard Agent HT. (2002, April).
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"Draft for Public Comment" Toxicological Profile for Mustard Gas. (2002, April).
- Adoption of Acute Exposure Guideline Levels.
US Army/FEMA, (2001, November), 228 KB
PDF, 2 pages.
- CDC Proposed CWA Exposure Limits. Federal
Register, 67.5(2002, January 8), 80 KB
PDF, 8 pages.
- EPA AEGL Nerve Agents Exposure Guidelines.
Federal Register, 66.85(2001 May 2), 167 KB
PDF, 25 pages.
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Letter regarding exposure limits. Richard Shelby, US Senator, (2002,
December 12).
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Background info on the various exposure guidelines. National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), (2001, November 2).
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Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for Selected Chemical-Warfare Agents.
National Academies Press (1997).
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Recommendations for Protecting Human Health Against Potential Adverse Effects
of Long-Term Exposure to Low Doses of Chemical Warfare Agents. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), (1988,
February 12).
- Toxic Chemical Agent Safety Standards.
Department of the Army Pamphlet 385-61, (2002, March 27), 425 KB
PDF, 90 pages.
- Potential Military Chemical/Biological Agents and
Compounds. Army Field Manual No 3-9, Navy Publication No P-467, Air
Force Manual No 355-7, (1990, December 12), 3.6 MB
PDF, 130 pages.
- Compilation of Existing Chemical Agent Guidelines
Table as of September 1997. Oak Ridge National Laboratory/FEMA/US
Army, (1998, August) 281 KB
PDF, 87 pages.
- Emergency Response to Incidents Involving Chemical
and Biological Warfare Agents. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), (1997), 519 KB
PDF, 27 pages.
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