There are a variety of influences that have an effect on behaviors which, in turn, affect energy balance, and may alter health outcomes.
The potential influences are:
Biological & Demographic
(e.g. Age, sex, race/ethnicity, SES, genes)
Psychological
(e.g. Beliefs, preferences, emotions, self-efficacy, intentions,
pros, cons, behavior change skills, body image, motivation, knowledge)
Social/Cultural
(e.g. Social support, modeling, family factors, social norms,
cultural beliefs, acculturation)
Organizational
(e.g. Practices, programs, norms, & policies in schools, worksite, health care settings, businesses, community organizations)
Physical Environment
(e.g. Access to & quality of foods, recreational facilities, cars,
sedentary entertainment; urban design,
transportation infrastructure, information environment)
Policies/Incentives
(e.g. Cost of foods, physical activities, & sedentary behaviors;
incentives for behaviors; regulation of environments)
The behaviors affecting energy balance:
Eating
(e.g. Dietary patterns,
nutrient intake)
Sedentary
Behaviors
(e.g. TV, computer use,
driving)
Physical Activity
(e.g. Recreation,
transportation,
occupation,
domestic)
The behaviors affect:
Body Weight,
Fat, & Distribution
which, in turn, affect the following health outcomes:
Risk Factors, CVD, Diabetes, Cancers