2007 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416) To isolate and identify bacterial isolates from swine feces and manure storage pits that may be involved in production of gaseous emissions and/or malodorous compounds during long-term storage of swine manure. Identifying such bacteria would be beneficial for developing potential intervention strategies for reducing emissions from large-scale swine facilities. 1b.Approach (from AD-416) The predominant bacterial populations from swine feces and stored manure from swine facilities will be isolated under anaerobic conditions with various media. These isolates will be purified and initially characterized for production of various compounds involved in gaseous emissions such as ammonia, volatile fatty acids, and phenolics. The isolates will then be analyzed using molecular methods to determine their potential identity. Molecular studies will be centered primarily on the 16S rDNA gene sequence determination. Large fragments of the 16S rDNA gene will be amplified by PCR, and generated sequences will be screened against rDNAs in reference libraries. Those sequences representing potential novel organisms will then be subjected to phylogenetic analyses using a variety of treeing methods (e.g., Neighbor-Joining, bootstrap resampling) to determine their taxonomic associations. Based on the results of these investigations, isolates belonging to the new genera/species will be delineated and named as appropriate. Generated novel sequences will be deposited in GenBank to facilitate future comparative studies, and reference strains of novel taxa will be deposited in International Public Culture Collections (U.S. and Europe). 3.Progress Report This report documents accomplishments under a Specific Cooperative Agreement between Agricultural Research Services (ARS) and the University of Oklahoma. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent project 3620-63000-003-00D, entitled "Anaerobic Microbiological Processes in Animal Manure Management." Researchers had earlier developed methods for identifying and naming new bacterial genera and species based primarily on the 16S rDNA gene sequence database, as well as biochemical characteristics. This approach allows for identification of new and novel bacteria isolated from the swine gastrointestinal tract and stored swine manure. This year researchers have communicated information on new and novel bacterial genera and species at international meetings and scientific publications. The Authorized Departmental Officer's Designated Representative (ADODR) monitored the activities of this agreement via e-mail contacts (weekly/monthly), phone calls, and an annual written technical report.