CBM 92-10
Early Identification of Hearing Impairment in Infants and
Young Children
January 1988 through December 1992
861 Citations
Prepared by
Lori J. Klein, M.A.L.S., National Library of Medicine
Lynn E. Huerta, Ph.D., National Institute on Deafness and
Other Communication Disorders
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
AND HUMAN SERVICES
Public Health Service
National Institutes of Health
National Library of Medicine
Reference Section
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, Maryland 20894
1992
SERIES NOTE
Current Bibliographies in Medicine (CBM) is a continuation
in part of the National Library of Medicine's Literature
Search Series, which ceased in 1987 with No. 87-15. In 1989
it also subsumed the Specialized Bibliography Series. Each
bibliography in the new series covers a distinct subject
area of biomedicine and is intended to fulfill a current
awareness function. Citations are usually derived from
searching a variety of online databases. NLM databases
utilized include MEDLINE, AVLINE, BIOETHICSLINE,
CANCERLIT, CATLINE, HEALTH, POPLINE and TOXLINE. The
only criterion for the inclusion of a particular published
work is its relevance to the topic being presented; the
format, ownership, or location of the material is not
considered.
Comments and suggestions on this series may be addressed to:
Karen Patrias, Editor
Current Bibliographies in
Medicine
Reference Section
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Bethesda, MD 20894
301/496-6097
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EARLY IDENTIFICATION OF HEARING IMPAIRMENT
IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN
There is a clear need in the United States for improved
methods and models for the early identification of hearing
impairment in infants and young children. Approximately 1 out
of every 1000 children is born deaf. Many more are born with
less severe degrees of hearing impairment, while others
develop hearing impairment during childhood. Reduced hearing
acuity during infancy and early childhood interferes with the
development of speech and language skills. Although less well
documented, reduced auditory input also adversely affects the
developing auditory nervous system and can have harmful
effects on social, emotional, cognitive, and academic
development, as well as on a person's vocational and economic
potential. Moreover, delayed identification and management of
severe to profound hearing impairment may impede the hearing-
impaired child's ability to adapt to life in a hearing world
or to prepare for life in the hearing-impaired community.
The critical period for language and speech development is
generally regarded as the first two years of life, and,
although there are several methods of identifying hearing
impairments during the first year of life, the average age of
identification in the U.S. remains close to three years.
Lesser degrees of hearing loss may go undetected even longer.
The result is that for many hearing-impaired infants and young
children, much of the critical language and speech learning
period is lost. There is general agreement that hearing
impairment should be recognized as early in life as possible,
so that the remediation process can take full advantage of the
plasticity of the developing sensory systems.
Infant hearing screening has been attempted with a number of
different test methods, including cardiac response audiometry,
respiration audiometry, alteration of sucking patterns,
movement or startle in response to auditory stimuli, various
behavioral paradigms, measurement of acoustic reflexes, and
more recently, auditory brain stem response (ABR) audiometry.
In addition, attention has recently turned to the measurement
of otoacoustic emissions, which shows promise as a fast,
inexpensive, noninvasive test of cochlear function. Each
method is effective in its own way, but technical or
interpretative limitations have impeded widespread
application. Moreover, these approaches vary widely in their
sensitivity, specificity, and predictive efficiency in
identifying hearing impairment.
Today, most neonatal screening programs are focused on infants
who satisfy one or more of a number of criteria for inclusion
in a "high-risk registry." The preferred screening test method
has come to be ABR, combined with audiologic follow-up for
those infants who fail the screening protocols. Despite the
relatively good predictive efficiency of ABR, its cost, time
requirements, and technical difficulties have discouraged the
general application of this method in screening the far larger
newborn population not meeting the high-risk registry
criteria. Using the high risk registry approach misses
approximately 50 percent of infants with hearing impairments.
Consensus on a unified approach to early identification has
also been delayed by the scarcity of data on the relative
sensitivity, specificity, predictive efficiency, and cost
effectiveness of the hearing screening techniques currently
used to identify hearing impairments in infants and young
children.
This bibliography was prepared in support of the National
Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference on the
Early Identification of Hearing Impairment in Infants and
Young Children held March 1-3, 1993 on the NIH campus in
Bethesda, Maryland. The purpose of the consensus conference
was to reach an agreement on the following questions: which
children should have their hearing screened or tested and at
what age; which methods and models are preferred for
identifying hearing impairment in infants and young children;
and what are the key areas for future research. The
bibliography surveys the literature on topics pertaining to
the early identification of hearing impairment in human
infants and young children published between January 1988 and
December 1992. Literature on rare or relatively rare medical
conditions involving hearing loss are not included, nor are
animal studies. Journal articles are divided by subject area,
and a reference can appear under more than one subject, with
the exception that articles dealing with otoacoustic emissions
(which may also discuss other methods) are listed only under
otoacoustic emissions. Letters, editorials, news, and articles
on developmental problems are selectively included, and
literature on otoacoustic emissions is more comprehensively
included than literature on other methods. Books (including
book chapters) and audiovisuals are listed separately by
format and are not included in the subject categories.
Special thanks to Ralph F. Naunton, M.D., for his assistance
in the preparation of this bibliography.
SEARCH STRATEGY
A variety of online databases are usually searched in
preparing bibliographies in the CBM series. To assist you in
updating or otherwise manipulating the material in this
search, the strategy used for the NLM's MEDLINE database is
given below. Please note that the search strategies presented
here differ from individual demand searches in that they are
generally broadly formulated and irrelevant citations edited
out prior to printing.
SS 1 = SUBS APPLY PC, CL, ET
SS 1 = EXP *EAR DISEASES
SS 2 = SUBS CANCEL
SS 2 = (TW) DEAFNESS OR DEAF OR HEARING
SS 3 = EXP HEARING TESTS OR EXP AUDITORY PERCEPTION OR
EXP EVOKED POTENTIALS, AUDITORY
SS 4 = NEONATAL SCREENING
SS 5 = RISK FACTORS OR ALL MODEL# (TW) OR SCREENING (TW) OR
DECISION SUPPORT TECHNIQUES
SS 6 = 2 AND 4 OR 3 AND 4
SS 7 = 3 AND 2 OR 2 AND 5
SS 8 = 1 OR 7 OR EXP HEARING DISORDERS
SS 9 = EXP INFANT OR CHILD, PRESCHOOL
SS 10 = 8 AND 9
SS 11 = 10 OR 6
GRATEFUL MED
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SAMPLE CITATIONS
Citations in this bibliographic series are formatted according
to the rules established for Index Medicusþ*. Sample journal
and monograph citations appear below. For journal articles
written in a foreign language, the English translation of the
title is placed in brackets; for monographs, the title is
given in the original language. In both cases the language of
publication is shown by a three letter abbreviation appearing
at the end of the citation. Note also that a colon (:) may
appear within an author's name or article title. The NLM
computer system automatically inserts this symbol in the place
of a diacritical mark.
Journal Article:
Authors Article Title
Tucker SM, Bhattacharya J. Screening of hearing impair-
ment in the newborn using the auditory response cradle.
Arch Dis Child 1992 Jul;67(7):911-9.
Abbreviated Journal Date Volume Issue Pages
Title
Monograph:
Authors/Editors Title
Fritsch, Michael H.; Sommer, Annemarie. Handbook of
congenital and early onset hearing loss.
New York: Igaku-Shoin; 1991. 170 p.
Place of Publisher Date Total No.
Publication of Pages
_________________________________
*For details of the formats used for references, see the
following publication:
Patrias, Karen. National Library of Medicine recommended
formats for bibliographic citation. Bethesda (MD): The
Library; 1991 Apr. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA;
PB91-182030.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Taxonomy/Epidemiology
Developmental Issues in Early Hearing Impairment
Methodology, Instrumentation, and Personnel
Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR)
Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE)
High Risk Register/Other Risk Factors
Other (e.g. Behavioral Methods, Immittance Measures,
Developmental Measures)
Models/Programs for Early Identification and Follow-up
Other
Books and Book Chapters
Audiovisuals
TAXONOMY/EPIDEMIOLOGY
Adler SP. Cytomegalovirus and pregnancy. Curr Opin Obstet
Gynecol 1992 Oct;4(5):670-5.
Alho OP, Koivu M, Sorri M, Rantakallio P. Risk factors for
recurrent acute otitis media and respiratory infection in
infancy. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
1990;19(2):151-61.
Anagnostakis D, Messaritakis J. Hearing loss in high-risk
neonates [letter]. J Pediatr 1990 Feb;116(2):316. Comment
on: J Pediatr 1989 May; 114(5):847-52.
Andersen E, Fledelius HC, Fns M, Haugsted R. An
epidemiological study of disability in 4-year-old
children from a birth cohort in Frederiksborg County,
Denmark. Dan Med Bull 1990 Apr;37(2):182-5.
Arnos KS, Israel J, Devlin L, Wilson MP. Genetic counseling
for the deaf. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1992
Oct;25(5):953-71.
Augustsson I, Nilson C, Engstrand I. [Is auditory screening of
4-year old children a good method for locating serous
otitis which demands treatment?] Lakartidningen 1988 Mar
30;85(13): 1134-7. (Swe).
Augustsson I, Nilson C, Engstrand I. The preventive value of
audiometric screening of preschool and young
school-children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1990
Sep;20(1):51-62.
Baart de la Faille LM. Validity of large scale standardised
behavioural screening. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl (Stockh)
1991;482:94-101; discussion 102.
Baker RC. Pitfalls in diagnosing acute otitis media. Pediatr
Ann 1991 Nov;20(11):591-3, 596-8. Comment in: Pediatr Ann
1992 Apr;21(4):212, and Pediatr Ann 1992 Apr;21(4):213.
Bakht FR, Gentry LO. Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: an emerging
concern for family physicians. Am Fam Physician 1992
Apr;45(4):1683-90.
Barnett ED, Klein JO, Pelton SI, Luginbuhl LM. Otitis media in
children born to human immunodeficiency virus-infected
mothers. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1992 May;11(5):360-4.
Bendel J, Palti H, Winter S, Ornoy A. Prevalence of
disabilities in a national sample of 3-year-old Israeli
children. Isr J Med Sci 1989 May;25(5):264-70.
Biering-Srensen M, Biering-Srensen K, Kaufmann B. [Follow-up
of children screened at 4 years of age through school age
with particular attention the evaluation of speech
function]. Ugeskr Laeger 1989 May 15;151(20):1240-4.
(Dan).
Birkebaek NH, Tommerup BE. [Hearing loss among premature and
full-term infants in Rinkobing county. Results of tone
and speech audiometry]. Ugeskr Laeger 1991 Jan
7;153(2):107-9. (Dan).
Bluestone CD. Otitis media and congenital perilymphatic
fistula as a cause of sensorineural hearing loss in
children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1988 Nov;7(11
Suppl):S141-5.
Bock GR, Iurato S. EEC hearing impairment programme:
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Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 1988;50(6): 349-54.
Bresson K. [Hearing loss in premature infants (letter)].
Ugeskr Laeger 1991 Feb 25;153(9):668-9. (Dan).
Brookhouser PE, Auslander MC, Meskan ME. The pattern and
stability of postmeningitic hearing loss in children.
Laryngoscope 1988 Sep;98(9):940-8.
Brookhouser PE, Worthington DW, Kelly WJ. Unilateral hearing
loss in children. Laryngoscope 1991 Dec;101(12 Pt
1):1264-72.
Brown J, Watson E, Alberman E. Screening infants for hearing
loss. Arch Dis Child 1989 Oct;64(10): 1488-95.
Bubalo FS, Davidson DD. Recent developments in hereditary
nephritis (Alport's syndrome). Indiana Med 1991
Dec;84(12):860-6.
Buren M, Solem BS, Laukli E. Threshold of hearing (0.125 20
kHz) in children and youngsters. Br J Audiol
1992;26(1):23-31.
Burke P. Otitis media with effusion: is medical management an
option? J R Coll Gen Pract 1989 Sep;39(326):377-82.
Comment in: J R Coll Gen Pract 1989 Nov;39(328):478.
Cantani A. Genetic causes of hearing loss in children. Padiatr
Padol 1989;24(4):321-30.
Carter BS, Wilkening RB. Prevention of hearing disorders:
neonatal causes of hearing loss. Semin Hear
1991;12(2):154-67.
Carzoli RP. Infant hearing impairment screening. Risk factors
and testing. J Fla Med Assoc 1991 Mar; 78(3):163-7.
Chaloupkova J, Kollar A. [Auditory function in children and
adolescents with diabetes mellitus]. Sb Lek 1990
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Chan LP. Hearing loss and hearing aids: the Singapore School
for the Deaf experience. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1991
Sep;20(5):628-32.
Charuvanij A, Visudhiphan P, Chiemchanya S, Tawin C.
Sensorineural hearing loss in children recovered from
purulent meningitis: a study in Thai children at
Ramathibodi Hospital. J Med Assoc Thai 1990
May;73(5):253-7.
Chaurasia MK, Geddes NK. An analysis of the aetiology of early
childhood deafness. Clin Otolaryngol 1991
Jun;16(3):280-4.
Cohen BA, Schenk VA, Sweeney DB. Meningitis-related hearing
loss evaluated with evoked potentials. Pediatr Neurol
1988 Jan-Feb; 4(1):18-22.
Conijn EA, Van der Drift JF, Brocaar MP, Van Zanten GA.
Conductive hearing loss assessment in children with
otitis media with effusion. A comparison of pure tone and
BERA results. Clin Otolaryngol 1989 Apr;14(2):115-20.
Couillault M. Ear trouble (part 1). N Z Nurs J 1990 Dec-1991
Jan;83(11):20-2.
Cremers CW, Graham J, Parving A, Ruben RJ. Biology of
sensorineural hearing loss in children. Report of
symposium held in Holte, Denmark, 14-17 June, 1987. Int
J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1988;15(1):1-15.
Cremers CW, van Rijn PM. Acquired causes of deafness in
childhood. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1991; 630:197-202.
Cremers CW, van Rijn PM, Admiraal RJ. [Meningitis as cause of
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Aug 5;133(31):1562-3. (Dut).
Cremers CW, van Rijn PM, Hageman MJ. Prevention of serious
hearing impairment of deafness in the young child. J R
Soc Med 1989 Aug;82(8):484-7.
Czeizel A, Skirpeczky K, Mester E, Sankaranarayanan K. The
load of genetic and partially genetic disease in man. IV.
Severe visual handicaps and profound childhood deafness
in Hungarian school-age children. Mutat Res 1992 Nov
16;270(2):103-14.
Da Silva EO. Waardenburg I syndrome: a clinical and genetic
study of two large Brazilian kindreds, and literature
review. Am J Med Genet 1991;40(1): 65-74.
Daly K, Giebink GS, Le CT, Lindgren B, Batalden PB, Anderson
RS, Russ JN. Determining risk for chronic otitis media
with effusion. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1988;7(7):471-5.
Das VK. Adverse perinatal factors in the causation of
sensorineural hearing impairment in young children. Int
J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1991 Apr;21(2): 121-5.
Das VK. Aetiology of bilateral sensori neural deafness in
children. Scand Audiol Suppl 1988;30:43-52.
Das VK. Aetiology of bilateral sensorineural deafness in
children. J Laryngol Otol 1988 Nov;102(11): 975-80.
Das VK. Prevalence of otitis media with effusion in children
with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Arch Dis Child
1990 Jul;65(7):757-9.
Davidson J, Hyde ML, Alberti PW. Epidemiologic patterns in
childhood hearing loss: a review. Int J Pediatr
Otorhinolaryngol 1989 Jul;17(3):239-66.
Davidson J, Hyde ML, Alberti PW. Epidemiology of hearing
impairment in childhood. Scand Audiol Suppl
1988;30:13-20.
Davies B. Auditory disorders in Down's syndrome. Scand Audiol
Suppl 1988;30:65-8.
Davis A, Wood S. The epidemiology of childhood hearing
impairment: factor relevant to planning of services. Br
J Audiol 1992 Apr;26(2):77-90.
Dawson JA, Wardle R. Detection and prevalence of hearing loss
in a cohort of children following serogroup B,
meningococcal infection 1983-1987. Public Health 1990
Mar;104(2):99-102.
Dawson KP, Abbott GD, Mogridge N. Bacterial meningitis in
childhood: a 13 year review. N Z Med J 1988 Nov
9;101(857):758-60.
De Melker RA, Burke PD. Epidemiology of otitis media and the
role of the general practitioner in management. Fam Pract
1988;5(4):307-13.
Debruyne F. [Congenital malformations of the stapes area].
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg 1988;42(6): 716-9. (Dut).
Derkay CS, Bluestone CD, Thompson AE, Kardatske D. Otitis
media in the pediatric intensive care unit: a prospective
study. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989;100(4):292-9.
Devilat M, Tosso M, Espinoza N, Mellado L, Thick E, Rimasa A.
[Auditory brainstem evoked potentials in hearing loss
after bacterial meningitis]. Rev Chil Pediatr 1990
Sep-Oct;61(5):258-61. (Spa).
Dias O, Andrea M. Childhood deafness in Portugal--aetiological
factors and diagnosis of hearing loss. Int J Pediatr
Otorhinolaryngol 1990 Jan;18(3):247-55.
Dietrich KN, Succop PA, Berger OG, Keith RW. Lead exposure and
the central auditory processing abilities and cognitive
development of urban children: the Cincinnati Lead Study
cohort at age 5 years. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1992
Jan-Feb;14(1): 51-6.
Dirksen WJ. [Results of Ewing screening and the chance of
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Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1989 Sep 30;133(39):1950. (Dut).
Doyle LW, Keir E, Kitchen WH, Ford GW, Rickards AL, Kelly EA.
Audiologic assessment of extremely low birth weight
infants: a preliminary report. Pediatrics 1992
Nov;90(5):744-9.
Eight-year outcome in infants with birth weight of 500 to 999
grams: continuing regional study of 1979 and 1980 births.
Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group. J Pediatr
1991 May;118(5):761-7.
Elango S, Purohit GN, Hashim M, Hilmi R. Hearing loss and ear
disorders in Malaysian school children. Int J Pediatr
Otorhinolaryngol 1991;22(1):75-80.
Epstein S, Reilly JS. Sensorineural hearing loss. Pediatr Clin
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Figueras Aloy J, Botet Mussons F, Jimenez Gonzalez R. [Pattern
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Fortnum HM. Hearing impairment after bacterial meningitis: a
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Foulke FG, Reeb KG, Graham AV, Zyzanski SJ. Family function,
respiratory illness, and otitis media in urban black
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Francois M, Marie P, Narcy P. [Detection and treatment of
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Freij BJ, South MA, Sever JL. Maternal rubella and the
congenital rubella syndrome. Clin Perinatol 1988
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Froom J, Culpepper L. Otitis media in day-care children. A
report from the International Primary Care Network. J Fam
Pract 1991 Mar;32(3): 289-94.
Furukawa CT. Conductive hearing loss and speech development.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 1988 May; 81(5 Pt 2):1015-20.
Ganga N, Rajagopal B, Rajendran S, Padmanabhan AS. Deafness in
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Gates GA, Northern JL, Ferrer HP, Jerger J, Marchant CD,
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Gerber SE. Review of a high risk register for congenital or
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Gerhardt KJ. Prenatal and perinatal risks of hearing loss.
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Goycoolea HG, Goycoolea MV, Farfan CR. Racial and familial
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Gravel JS, McCarton CM, Ruben RJ. Otitis media in neonatal
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Gravel JS, McCarton CM, Ruben RJ. A prospective study of
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Grogaard JB, Lindstrom DP, Parker RA, Culley B, Stahlman MT.
Increased survival rate in very low birth weight infants
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Hendricks-Munoz KD, Walton JP. Hearing loss in infants with
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Holst K, Andersen E, Philip J, Henningsen I. Antenatal and
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Jahrsdoerfer RA, Aguilar EA, Yeakley JW, Cole RR. Treacher
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Johnson A. Screening tests for sensorineural deafness. Nurs
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Johnson A, Ashurst H. Screening for sensorineural deafness by
health visitors. The Steering Committee, Oxford Region
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Johnson A, King R. A regional register of early childhood
impairments: a discussion paper. The Steering Committee
of the Oxford Region Child Development Project. Community
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Joint Committee on Infant Hearing 1990 position statement.
ASHA Suppl 1991 Mar;33(5):3-6.
Jure R, Rapin I, Tuchman RF. Hearing-impaired autistic
children. Dev Med Child Neurol 1991 Dec; 33(12):1062-72.
Kaleida PH, Stool SE. Assessment of otoscopists' accuracy
regarding middle-ear effusion. Otoscopic validation. Am
J Dis Child 1992 Apr;146(4):433-5.
Karma PH, Penttila MA, Sipila MM, Kataja MJ. Otoscopic
diagnosis of middle ear effusion in acute and non-acute
otitis media. I. The value of different otoscopic
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Katona G, Farkas Z, Revai K, Szabo M. [Follow-up studies of
patients with neonatal icterus using acoustic evoked
potential audiometry]. Orv Hetil 1989 May
7;130(19):1001-4. (Hun).
Kayan A, Bellman H. Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss due
to mumps. Br J Clin Pract 1990 Dec; 44(12):757-9.
Keith CG. Congenital rubella infection from reinfection of
previously immunised mothers. Aust N Z J Ophthalmol 1991
Nov;19(4):291-3. Comment in: Aust N Z J Ophthalmol 1991
Nov;19(4):257.
Kitchen WH, Rickards AL, Doyle LW, Ford GW, Kelly EA, Callanan
C. Improvement in outcome for very low birthweight
children: apparent or real? Med J Aust 1992 Aug
3;156(3):154-8.
Klein JO. Epidemiology of otitis media. Pediatr Infect Dis J
1989 Jan;8(1 Suppl):S9.
Klein JO. Otitis media: diagnosis and epidemiology. Clin Ther
1988;10 Suppl B:2-7.
Klein JO, Teele DW, Pelton SI. New concepts in otitis media:
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AUDIOVISUALS
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