Table B-1. Percentage who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Percentage using 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
90.7
1,794
77.8
1,790
-13.1
*
1.6
1,787
-14
960,561
Any illicit drug
75.4
1,799
59.3
1,799
-16.1
*
1.5
1,799
-21
967,012
Marijuana
56.5
1,789
41.0
1,774
-16.0
*
1.6
1,774
-28
952,103
Cocaine
42.9
1,788
23.4
1,790
-19.5
*
2.0
1,785
-45
958,818
Crack
29.0
1,791
24.3
1,786
-4.8
*
1.6
1,784
-17
957,890
Heroin
13.8
1,791
12.0
1,788
-1.9
*
0.7
1,787
-14
959,101
Inhalants
4.3
1,787
2.0
1,782
-2.3
*
0.7
1,782
-53
958,560
PCP
4.5
1,790
1.8
1,782
-2.7
*
0.5
1,782
-60
957,052
Hallucinogens
13.1
1,788
5.7
1,778
-7.4
*
0.9
1,778
-56
955,836
Illegal methadone
2.9
1,789
2.2
1,789
-0.6
0.4
1,789
n.s.
961,428
Narcotics
8.8
1,786
6.1
1,786
-2.7
*
0.6
1,786
-31
960,152
Methamphetamines
14.3
1,789
8.1
1,781
-6.2
*
1.2
1,780
-43
958,332
Downers
14.7
1,790
7.6
1,782
-7.1
*
0.8
1,782
-48
958,638
Other
6.5
1,755
3.2
1,755
-3.4
*
0.5
1,755
-52
944,695
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
Table B-2.Percentage in inpatient treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Percentage using 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
91.8
697
78.7
699
-13.4
*
1.7
696
-15
355,66 5
Any illicit drug
77.7
700
58.4
700
-19.2
*
1.9
700
-25
357,95 4
Marijuana
54.8
696
36.0
690
-19.0
*
1.5
690
-35
353,16 1
Cocaine
45.2
695
23.8
697
-21.3
*
2.5
694
-47
353,29 6
Crack
36.5
698
31.2
696
-5.2
*
2.2
695
-14
355,52 3
Heroin
14.5
697
12.6
695
-1.9
1.1
695
n.s.
354,54 9
Inhalants
4.6
697
1.6
696
-3.0
*
0.7
696
-65
355,32 1
PCP
4.1
696
1.4
693
-2.8
*
0.7
693
-68
353,73 1
Hallucinogens
10.9
697
3.9
695
-7.0
*
1.2
695
-64
355,85 8
Illegal methadone
3.4
696
2.2
696
-1.2
0.8
696
n.s.
355,49 3
Narcotics
9.4
695
6.0
695
-3.4
*
1.0
695
-36
354,98 2
Methamphetamines
14.0
697
7.1
696
-6.9
*
2.0
696
-49
356,308
Downers
14.8
697
7.9
694
-7.0
*
1.0
694
-47
355,19 9
Other
8.0
680
3.5
680
-4.5
*
0.7
680
-56
348,06 4
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990 who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
Table B-3.Percentage in residential treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Percentage using 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
92.1
326
81.3
325
-10.8
*
2.3
325
-12
173,62 7
Any illicit drug
88.8
326
68.6
326
-20.2
*
2.5
326
-23
173,81 1
Marijuana
67.9
323
47.1
320
-21.6
*
3.1
320
-32
170,71 3
Cocaine
53.4
324
24.3
324
-29.2
*
3.9
323
-55
171,99 9
Crack
48.5
324
33.8
322
-15.3
*
4.4
321
-32
170,54 2
Heroin
9.2
323
9.0
324
-0.2
1.4
323
n.s.
172,00 6
Inhalants
7.3
324
3.1
322
-3.9
2.1
322
n.s.
170,79 4
PCP
5.4
324
1.6
321
-3.9
*
1.6
321
-72
170,58 8
Hallucinogens
19.2
322
6.5
320
-12.9
*
2.9
320
-67
169,31 7
Illegal methadone
2.2
323
1.9
323
-0.3
1.2
323
n.s.
171,95 7
Narcotics
12.3
321
9.1
321
-3.2
1.7
321
n.s.
171,30 0
Methamphetamines
23.1
323
14.9
321
-8.4
*
3.1
320
-36
170,164
Downers
19.9
323
12.5
321
-7.6
*
1.4
321
-38
171,33 5
Other
7.4
321
5.3
321
-2.1
1.1
321
n.s.
170,90 9
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05.
n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
Table B-4.Percentage in outpatient methadone treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Percentage using 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
78.0
217
63.8
216
-14.6
*
3.4
216
-19
47,630
Any illicit drug
95.2
217
86.1
217
-9.1
*
1.8
217
-10
47,871
Marijuana
58.5
216
39.3
215
-19.4
*
3.2
215
-33
47,558
Cocaine
61.2
217
49.3
216
-12.0
*
4.4
216
-20
47,711
Crack
24.2
215
23.7
215
-0.5
5.9
215
n.s.
47,248
Heroin
82.1
216
60.1
216
-22.1
*
5.1
216
-27
47,820
Inhalants
1.6
215
1.0
213
-0.7
0.5
213
n.s.
47,180
PCP
3.4
216
0.7
215
-2.6
*
1.0
215
-76
47,662
Hallucinogens
12.4
215
3.8
214
-8.6
*
2.9
214
-69
47,507
Illegal methadone
15.4
216
10.9
216
-4.5
*
2.2
216
-29
47,820
Narcotics
17.0
216
12.4
216
-4.6
*
2.0
216
-27
47,713
Methamphetamines
11.1
215
3.1
214
-8.1
*
2.3
214
-73
47,421
Downers
28.8
216
14.7
214
-14.3
*
3.0
214
-50
46,924
Other
9.6
212
5.4
212
-4.3
2.2
212
n.s.
47,000
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
Table B-5.Percentage in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Percentage using 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
90.5
554
77.1
550
-13.5
*
3.2
550
-15
383,639
Any illicit drug
64.9
556
52.6
556
-12.3
*
2.6
556
-19
387,375
Marijuana
52.8
554
43.2
549
-10.2
*
2.6
549
-19
380,671
Cocaine
33.9
552
19.5
553
-14.4
*
3.0
552
-42
385,813
Crack
14.0
554
13.7
553
-0.3
2.2
553
n.s.
384,577
Heroin
6.7
555
6.7
553
-0.1
1.3
553
n.s.
384,726
Inhalants
3.0
551
1.9
551
-1.1
1.2
551
n.s.
385,266
PCP
4.5
554
2.4
553
-2.1
*
1.0
553
-47
385,072
Hallucinogens
12.5
554
7.4
549
-5.2
*
1.6
549
-42
383,155
Illegal methadone
1.1
554
1.2
554
0.1
0.6
554
n.s.
386,157
Narcotics
5.7
554
4.2
554
-1.5
2.0
554
n.s.
386,157
Methamphetamines
10.9
554
6.6
550
-4.3
*
2.3
550
-39
384,439
Downers
10.4
554
4.2
553
-6.3
*
3.1
553
-61
385,180
Other
4.4
542
1.6
542
-2.8
*
2.2
542
-64
378,721
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
Table B-6.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents who used the drug during the five years before treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Number of days used
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
16.8
1,374
10.7
1,296
-5.5
*
0.5
1,296
-33
748,089
Marijuana
14.6
875
7.1
840
-7.1
*
0.5
840
-49
471,431
Cocaine
12.1
725
4.7
701
-7.2
*
0.5
701
-60
377,410
Crack
16.2
445
8.6
428
-7.6
*
0.8
428
-47
245,086
Heroin
21.2
312
13.4
298
-7.6
*
0.9
298
-36
120,217
Inhalants
7.7
84
1.8
84
-6.0
*
1.3
84
-78
36,510
PCP
8.8
77
2.5
77
-6.2
*
1.3
77
-70
40,236
Hallucinogens
4.5
232
1.7
229
-2.8
*
0.7
229
-62
121,655
Illegal methadone
8.3
74
3.2
74
-5.1
*
1.5
74
-61
26,738
Narcotics
10.5
163
4.4
159
-5.8
*
0.9
159
-55
77,093
Methamphetamines
12.0
249
3.7
242
-8.0
*
1.1
242
-67
128,597
Downers
10.1
276
5.0
272
-5.2
*
0.7
272
-51
130,167
Other
15.0
105
4.7
103
-10.4
*
1.5
103
-69
56,449
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
Table B-7. Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in inpatient treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Number of days used
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
18.2
546
11.6
509
-6.1
*
0.8
508
-34
263,618
Marijuana
14.6
319
5.7
308
-8.5
*
0.7
308
-58
160,952
Cocaine
13.7
268
5.3
261
-8.1
*
0.6
261
-59
141,104
Crack
16.5
193
10.0
188
-6.6
*
0.7
188
-40
108,069
Heroin
22.3
87
13.8
83
-8.4
*
1.1
83
-38
44,825
Inhalants
12.2
35
2.5
35
-9.7
*
2.5
35
-80
13,719
PCP
10.2
24
3.2
24
-6.9
*
1.1
24
-68
13,301
Hallucinogens
4.8
76
1.9
76
-2.9
*
1.0
76
-60
37,230
Illegal methadone
8.9
22
2.5
22
-6.5
*
1.9
22
-73
11,969
Narcotics
8.4
52
3.9
52
-4.5
*
1.0
52
-54
29,032
Methamphetamines
13.3
90
3.5
87
-9.5
*
1.0
87
-71
43,472
Downers
11.7
94
5.1
92
-6.8
*
1.2
92
-58
49,512
Other
13.3
49
4.5
48
-8.6
*
1.7
48
-65
24,528
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
Table B-8.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in residential treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Number of days used
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
18.2
246
12.3
228
-5.5
*
1.1
228
-30
120,690
Marijuana
15.8
186
8.1
179
-7.3
*
1.3
179
-46
96,774
Cocaine
9.8
153
3.1
148
-6.3
*
1.1
148
-64
83,049
Crack
18.7
129
7.3
121
-11.0
*
1.5
121
-59
69,289
Heroin
17.7
30
12.2
28
-5.2
*
2.0
28
-29
13,795
Inhalants
5.6
22
1.3
22
-4.3
*
1.0
22
-77
10,297
PCP
9.3
20
0.2
20
-9.1
*
4.0
20
-98
9,238
Hallucinogens
4.8
64
1.2
62
-3.6
*
1.1
62
-75
31,181
Illegal methadone
3.2
6
3.5
6
0.3
2.9
6
n.a.
3,847
Narcotics
10.1
36
4.1
35
-5.5
*
1.9
35
-54
18,777
Methamphetamines
10.8
64
3.4
62
-6.9
*
1.4
62
-64
36,498
Downers
6.7
64
4.3
63
-2.5
*
0.8
63
-37
32,108
Other
14.7
21
8.2
20
-7.2
*
2.2
20
-49
10,765
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
Table B-9.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient methadone treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Number of days used
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
14.9
141
10.5
139
-4.3
*
1.8
139
-29
32,673
Marijuana
13.2
102
5.5
98
-7.2
*
1.3
98
-55
24,471
Cocaine
13.8
116
8.2
108
-5.7
*
1.2
108
-41
24,122
Crack
11.9
45
7.3
41
-4.6
*
1.1
41
-39
10,326
Heroin
24.4
156
14.8
148
-9.4
*
1.2
148
-39
33,791
Inhalants
11.7
3
4.8
3
-6.9
6.4
3
n.a.
775
PCP
7.9
9
0.8
9
-7.1
*
3.2
9
n.a.
1,567
Hallucinogens
3.0
23
0.6
23
-2.3
*
0.6
23
-77
5,897
Illegal methadone
8.7
37
4.4
37
-4.3
*
1.9
37
-49
6,960
Narcotics
12.9
37
4.0
36
-9.0
*
2.2
36
-70
7,695
Methamphetamines
11.2
25
1.8
25
-9.4
*
3.1
25
-84
5,312
Downers
9.7
57
3.5
56
-6.2
*
1.0
56
-64
12,882
Other
20.4
13
12.6
13
-7.8
*
3.1
13
n.a.
3,726
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
Table B-10. Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Number of days used
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
15.0
441
9.3
420
-5.2
*
9.3
420
-35
285,078
Marijuana
14.1
268
8.0
255
-5.7
*
1.1
255
-40
16,800
Cocaine
11.6
188
4.3
184
-7.2
*
1.0
184
-62
118,051
Crack
13.0
78
7.7
78
-5.3
*
1.8
78
-41
48,232
Heroin
16.1
39
11.1
39
-5.0
2.6
39
n.s.
23,448
Inhalants
4.2
24
1.1
24
-3.1
*
1.4
24
-74
11,719
PCP
7.4
24
3.5
24
-3.9
2.1
24
n.s.
16,130
Hallucinogens
4.2
69
2.1
68
-2.1
1.4
68
n.s.
45,360
Illegal methadone
10.9
9
3.3
9
-7.6
7.0
9
n.a.
3,962
Narcotics
13.0
38
5.4
36
-6.6
*
2.2
36
-51
19,708
Methamphetamines
11.9
70
4.3
68
-7.0
*
2.6
68
-59
39,905
Downers
11.3
61
6.2
61
-5.1
2.2
61
n.s.
34,307
Other
16.6
22
0.8
22
-15.8
*
3.1
22
-95
16,027
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
Table B-11. Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents who used the drug during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Number of days used
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
15.7
1,123
13.3
1,045
-2.4
*
0.4
1,045
-15
537,084
Marijuana
15.2
560
10.9
525
-4.3
*
0.6
525
-28
292,921
Cocaine
13.7
342
10.8
318
-2.9
*
0.7
318
-21
158,608
Crack
16.7
260
15.0
243
-1.8
*
0.8
243
-11
136,078
Heroin
23.1
212
21.3
198
-1.8
0.9
198
n.s.
72,740
Inhalants
7.2
20
7.6
20
0.4
3.4
20
n.s.
8,492
PCP
15.8
18
11.1
18
-4.6
2.8
18
n.a.
9,208
Hallucinogens
5.5
65
5.9
62
0.5
1.3
62
n.s.
35,400
Illegal methadone
5.5
32
8.2
32
2.6
*
1.2
32
47
10,616
Narcotics
11.3
81
9.0
77
-2.2
1.2
77
n.s.
36,492
Methamphetamines
11.7
91
9.5
84
-2.2
1.4
84
n.s.
48,510
Downers
12.0
130
10.7
126
-1.3
1.2
126
n.s.
60,553
Other
15.9
33
14.7
31
-1.2
1.2
31
n.s.
17,624
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
Table B-12.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in inpatient treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Number of days used
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
17.9
449
14.1
412
-3.0
*
0.7
412
-17
215,981
Marijuana
16.3
193
9.6
182
-6.2
*
0.8
182
-38
96,405
Cocaine
15.3
117
12.1
110
-2.4
*
0.9
110
-16
61,633
Crack
16.4
128
15.3
123
-1.4
0.8
123
n.s.
70,975
Heroin
24.8
56
21.9
52
-3.1
*
1.0
52
-13
28,262
Inhalants
15.9
5
15.8
5
-0.1
13.0
5
n.a.
2,195
PCP
18.9
6
13.2
6
-5.7
5.0
6
n.a.
3,263
Hallucinogens
8.5
17
8.0
17
-0.5
2.6
17
n.a.
8,832
Illegal methadone
5.9
8
6.4
8
0.5
0.5
8
n.a.
4,606
Narcotics
9.9
22
8.4
22
-1.5
1.2
22
n.s.
13,593
Methamphetamines
12.9
31
10.3
28
-1.9
1.6
28
n.s.
14,896
Downers
13.9
42
12.2
40
-2.2
2.1
40
n.s.
20,777
Other
16.0
16
13.5
15
-2.0
2.4
15
n.a.
8,213
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
Table B-13.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in residential treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Number of days used
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
18.2
213
14.5
195
-3.2
*
1.0
195
-18
102,64 0
Marijuana
17.3
123
12.9
116
-4.0
*
1.5
116
-23
60,765
Cocaine
12.4
67
8.0
62
-3.6
*
1.7
62
-29
32,387
Crack
20.5
62
16.8
54
-3.3
*
1.5
54
-16
30,148
Heroin
20.1
17
21.1
15
1.3
*
0.6
15
n.a.
8,000
Inhalants
4.2
7
4.6
7
0.4
0.4
7
n.a.
2,918
PCP
17.2
3
1.2
3
-16.0
*
7.6
3
n.a.
1,328
Hallucinogens
5.3
17
5.7
15
0.4
2.5
15
n.a.
6,618
Illegal methadone
8.0
1
26.0
1
18.0
0.0
1
n.a.
521
Narcotics
10.5
19
7.9
18
-1.7
2.0
18
n.a.
9,845
Methamphetamines
11.6
27
7.2
25
-3.5
1.9
25
n.s.
17,491
Downers
8.0
33
7.7
32
-0.4
0.7
32
n.s.
17,798
Other
17.5
8
18.7
7
-0.9
1.7
3
n.a.
4,705
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
Table B-14.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient methadone treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Number of days used
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
15.5
105
13.6
103
-1.7
1.9
103
n.s.
25,143
Marijuana
15.7
56
9.3
52
-5.7
*
2.0
52
-36
14,645
Cocaine
15.6
78
11.9
70
-4.0
*
1.7
70
-26
16,596
Crack
15.3
25
13.8
21
-1.7
1.4
21
n.s.
5,456
Heroin
26.2
115
21.9
107
-4.0
*
1.0
107
-15
22,863
Inhalants
8.0
1
8.0
1
0.0
0.0
1
n.a.
465
PCP
3.5
2
4.2
2
0.7
0.9
2
n.a.
311
Hallucinogens
3.5
5
2.4
5
-1.1
1.0
5
n.a.
1,562
Illegal methadone
6.3
18
9.4
18
3.1
2.1
18
n.a.
3,281
Narcotics
13.6
21
6.9
20
-7.0
*
3.1
20
-51
4,488
Methamphetamines
23.6
6
9.5
6
-14.0
*
4.5
6
n.a.
977
Downers
11.2
27
7.8
26
-3.4
1.9
26
n.s.
5,745
Other
24.0
5
24.0
5
0.0
0.0
5
n.a.
1,960
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
Table B-15.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Drug
Number of days used
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Alcohol
14.2
356
11.9
335
-1.6
*
0.7
335
-11
223,32 0
Marijuana
14.3
188
11.1
175
-2.7
*
0.8
175
-19
121,10 7
Cocaine
13.5
80
10.7
76
-2.8
1.6
76
n.s.
47,992
Crack
13.7
45
12.6
45
-1.1
1.3
45
n.s.
29,499
Heroin
16.2
24
19.1
24
2.9
1.9
24
n.s.
13,615
Inhalants
3.7
7
4.5
7
0.8
1.0
7
n.a.
2,915
PCP
13.8
7
13.1
7
-0.7
2.4
7
n.a.
4,306
Hallucinogens
4.2
26
5.3
25
1.1
2.0
25
n.s.
18,334
Illegal methadone
3.1
5
5.9
5
2.7
1.7
5
n.a.
2,208
Narcotics
15.7
19
12.5
17
-1.5
3.9
17
n.a.
8,566
Methamphetamines
13.1
27
11.4
25
-0.2
3.0
25
n.s.
15,146
Downers
13.3
28
13.1
28
-0.2
3.6
28
n.s.
16,233
Other
4.9
4
4.9
4
0.0
0.0
4
n.a.
2,746
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
Table B-16.Percentage who used alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage using alcohol 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
90.7
1,794
77.8
1,790
-13.1
*
1.6
1787
-14
960,561
Sex
Male
1,251
93.7
1,247
80.4
1,243
-13.5
*
1.9
1,241
-14
685,381
Female
548
83.0
547
71.4
547
-12.0
*
2.5
546
-14
275,180
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
91.8
1,100
78.9
1,097
-13.2
*
1.6
1,096
-14
578,018
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
88.4
495
79.4
495
-9.1
*
2.2
493
-10
270,645
Hispanic
137
90.5
137
66.2
136
-24.6
*
5.7
136
-27
79,289
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
80.2
155
92.0
153
10.8
*
2.8
153
13
76,377
18 - 29
674
90.9
673
79.1
671
-12.1
*
1.9
670
-13
378,769
30 - 39
660
92.5
657
78.1
657
-14.5
*
1.9
655
-16
344,275
40 +
309
90.9
309
67.3
309
-23.6
*
2.9
309
-26
161,141
Education
1 to 9 years
306
91.7
304
77.6
304
-14.3
*
4.2
303
-16
172,361
10 to 11 years
487
90.5
486
77.8
483
-13.0
*
2.2
482
-14
265,930
12 years or GED
517
93.3
516
81.4
515
-12.2
*
1.9
515
-13
269,842
College/grad school
486
87.6
485
74.3
485
-13.3
*
2.6
484
-15
249,788
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
91.8
697
78.7
699
-13.4
*
1.7
696
-15
355,665
Residential
326
92.1
326
81.3
325
-10.8
*
2.3
325
-12
173,627
Outpatient methadone
217
78.0
217
63.8
216
-14.6
*
3.4
216
-19
47,630
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
90.5
554
77.1
550
-13.5
*
3.2
550
-15
383,639
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
97.5
1,115
82.4
1,114
-15.1
*
2.1
1,112
-15
617,920
Marijuana
443
93.6
441
81.4
441
-12.2
*
2.4
440
-13
247,956
Cocaine
443
91.1
432
78.3
430
-13.3
*
2.0
430
-15
221,756
Crack
382
90.3
379
78.3
380
-12.1
*
1.8
378
-13
210,812
Heroin
315
80.8
315
71.0
314
-10.0
*
2.3
314
-12
109,496
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
92.4
521
81.0
520
-11.7
*
3.6
519
-13
309,388
Health problems
437
92.7
436
75.3
437
-17.5
*
2.0
436
-19
223,898
Relationship problems
837
92.0
835
77.4
833
-14.8
*
2.2
831
-16
438,974
Pressure from employer
132
95.9
132
79.4
131
-16.5
*
3.4
131
-17
65,448
Financial problems
501
94.7
499
78.1
499
-16.6
*
2.1
497
-18
253,295
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
91.9
296
83.9
297
-8.6
*
1.9
295
-9
177,405
1 week - less than 1 month
473
90.2
472
79.0
471
-11.3
*
1.9
470
-13
237,393
1 month - less than 6 months
661
90.4
660
78.1
657
-12.6
*
2.7
657
-14
355,565
6 months or more
345
90.1
345
67.7
344
-22.3
*
3.6
344
-25
173,379
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
92.8
1,187
76.3
1,184
-16.6
*
1.8
1,182
-18
650,378
Treatment not completed
507
86.5
506
80.7
506
-5.9
*
2.0
505
-7
257,320
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
91.2
758
69.9
754
-21.5
*
2.8
754
-24
411,243
Somewhat/not helpful
977
90.8
974
83.8
975
-7.0
*
1.5
972
-8
515,211
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
90.0
530
72.0
528
-18.3
*
3.3
527
-20
313,339
1-2
708
89.9
707
80.9
705
-9.2
*
1.5
705
-10
366,036
3 or more
525
92.7
522
80.7
522
-12.1
*
1.5
520
-13
259,685
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
90.1
982
77.9
978
-12.5
*
2.3
977
-14
551,922
1-2
553
91.5
551
79.2
552
-12.5
*
1.7
550
-14
275,614
3 or more
244
91.5
243
74.7
242
-16.8
*
2.4
242
-18
121,732
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
90.3
837
71.3
834
-19.2
*
2.2
833
-21
483,632
1 or more
943
91.2
940
84.6
939
-6.8
*
1.5
937
-7
467,696
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-17. Percentage who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage using any illicit drug 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
75.4
1,799
59.3
1,799
-16.1
*
1.5
1,799
-21
967,012
Sex
Male
1,251
73.4
1,251
60.6
1,251
-12.8
*
1.5
1,251
-17
690,409
Female
548
80.4
548
56.0
548
-24.3
*
2.4
548
-30
276,602
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
76.3
1,101
59.5
1,101
-16.8
*
2.0
1,101
-22
580,081
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
81.5
499
63.2
499
-18.4
*
2.5
499
-23
274,062
Hispanic
137
49.5
137
40.5
137
-9.0
*
2.7
137
-18
79,530
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
71.1
156
73.9
156
2.9
4.6
156
n.s.
77,605
18 - 29
674
85.9
674
68.2
674
-17.7
*
1.9
674
-21
381,351
30 - 39
660
81.2
660
60.2
660
-20.9
*
2.4
660
-26
346,915
40 +
309
40.4
309
29.2
309
-11.2
*
1.9
309
-28
161,141
Education
1 to 9 years
306
64.7
306
52.3
306
-12.3
*
2.8
306
-19
173,263
10 to 11 years
487
83.0
487
66.7
487
-16.3
*
3.2
487
-20
268,639
12 years or GED
517
75.2
517
60.0
517
-15.2
*
2.4
517
-20
271,705
College/grad school
486
75.0
486
55.2
486
-19.8
*
3.1
486
-26
250,764
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
77.7
700
58.4
700
-19.2
*
1.9
700
-25
357,954
Residential
326
88.8
326
68.6
326
-20.2
*
2.5
326
-23
173,811
Outpatient methadone
217
95.0
217
86.1
217
-9.1
*
1.8
217
-10
47,871
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
64.9
556
52.6
556
-12.3
*
2.6
556
-19
387,375
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
67.4
1,117
53.1
1,117
-14.3
*
1.9
1,117
-21
620,447
Marijuana
443
96.9
443
81.6
443
-15.3
*
2.3
443
-16
248,801
Cocaine
443
98.3
443
77.0
443
-21.3
*
2.8
443
-22
223,167
Crack
382
99.2
382
75.4
382
-23.8
*
2.1
382
-24
212,232
Heroin
315
98.4
315
87.2
315
-11.2
*
2.6
315
-11
109,737
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
73.0
522
62.0
522
-11.0
*
2.6
522
-15
310,717
Health problems
437
74.7
437
58.0
437
-16.7
*
2.7
437
-22
224,300
Relationship problems
837
80.9
837
65.0
837
-15.9
*
1.7
837
-20
442,636
Pressure from employer
132
79.4
132
59.9
132
-19.6
*
4.2
132
-25
65,959
Financial problems
501
85.9
501
70.0
501
-15.9
*
1.8
501
-19
255,805
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
77.8
299
62.4
299
-15.5
*
2.3
299
-20
180,093
1 week - less than 1 month
473
80.2
473
60.7
473
-19.5
*
2.2
473
-24
238,656
1 month - less than 6 months
661
73.3
661
61.0
661
-12.3
*
2.8
661
-17
357,879
6 months or more
345
69.7
345
49.2
345
-20.5
*
2.9
345
-29
173,563
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
73.8
1,190
55.6
1,190
-18.2
*
2.0
1,190
-25
654,323
Treatment not completed
507
83.8
507
71.5
507
-12.3
*
2.4
507
-15
257,962
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
73.2
759
52.6
759
-20.6
*
2.1
759
-28
413,126
Somewhat/not helpful
977
78.7
977
65.9
977
-12.8
*
1.6
977
-16
517,915
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
61.9
531
42.3
531
-19.5
*
2.9
531
-32
316,289
1-2
708
80.3
708
65.3
708
-15.1
*
1.8
708
-19
368,042
3 or more
525
87.9
525
73.6
525
-14.4
*
2.0
525
-16
261,179
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
71.0
984
56.0
984
-15.0
*
2.1
984
-21
556,878
1-2
553
82.2
553
63.4
553
-18.7
*
2.1
553
-23
276,831
3 or more
244
85.4
244
68.3
244
-17.0
*
3.4
244
-20
122,008
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
66.0
839
45.3
839
-20.7
*
2.4
839
-31
486,859
1 or more
943
85.9
943
74.3
943
-11.6
*
1.5
943
-14
470,919
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-18. Percentage who used marijuana during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage using marijuana 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
56.5
1,789
41.0
1,774
-16.0
*
1.6
1774
-28
952,103
Sex
Male
1,251
58.3
1,245
44.6
1,233
-14.3
*
1.6
1,233
-25
678,503
Female
548
52.2
544
32.1
541
-20.3
*
2.5
541
-39
273,600
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
60.0
1,098
44.1
1,090
-16.1
*
1.9
1,090
-27
575,168
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
53.7
492
37.2
485
-17.8
*
2.2
485
-33
264,795
Hispanic
137
37.6
137
24.3
137
-13.2
*
3.1
137
-35
79,530
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
67.8
156
69.5
156
1.7
4.6
156
n.s.
77,605
18 - 29
674
66.3
672
51.6
667
-15.0
*
2.2
667
-23
377,636
30 - 39
660
57.1
656
35.1
649
-22.7
*
2.5
649
-40
341,290
40 +
309
26.4
305
14.3
302
-12.7
*
2.1
302
-48
155,571
Education
1 to 9 years
306
48.4
304
36.6
301
-12.5
*
3.1
301
-26
169,899
10 to 11 years
487
60.6
485
44.9
479
-16.6
*
2.4
479
-27
264,029
12 years or GED
517
58.5
514
45.0
512
-13.6
*
2.5
512
-23
267,865
College/grad school
486
55.5
483
35.3
479
-20.5
*
2.7
479
-37
247,669
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
54.8
696
36.0
690
-19.0
*
1.5
690
-35
353,161
Residential
326
67.9
323
47.1
320
-21.6
*
3.1
320
-32
170,713
Outpatient methadone
217
58.5
216
39.3
215
-19.4
*
3.2
215
-33
47,558
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
52.8
554
43.2
549
-10.2
*
2.6
549
-19
380,671
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
54.1
1,110
40.1
1,099
-14.5
*
1.9
1,099
-27
610,531
Marijuana
443
95.7
441
78.1
441
-17.7
*
2.2
441
-18
248,497
Cocaine
443
71.2
429
50.7
428
-20.7
*
2.8
428
-29
221,256
Crack
382
70.3
378
45.9
375
-25.0
*
2.7
375
-36
208,461
Heroin
315
58.9
312
38.0
310
-21.5
*
2.6
310
-37
107,088
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
61.1
519
49.1
516
-12.5
*
2.8
516
-20
306,403
Health problems
437
56.1
434
37.8
431
-18.4
*
3.0
431
-33
222,156
Relationship problems
837
60.0
834
44.3
827
-16.3
*
1.6
827
-27
437,207
Pressure from employer
132
51.1
132
39.8
132
-11.3
*
3.8
132
-22
65,959
Financial problems
501
67.7
497
46.7
495
-21.2
*
2.1
495
-31
252,217
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
54.3
296
38.0
295
-16.1
*
2.2
295
-30
177,819
1 week - less than 1 month
473
57.8
472
36.9
466
-21.8
*
2.5
466
-38
234,422
1 month - less than 6 months
661
57.1
657
47.6
652
-10.0
*
2.7
652
-18
352,643
6 months or more
345
53.6
343
34.6
340
-19.7
*
3.5
340
-37
170,399
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
54.5
1,185
38.2
1,174
-16.9
*
1.8
1,174
-31
644,497
Treatment not completed
507
64.2
503
50.4
500
-14.1
*
2.2
500
-22
253,986
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
52.9
753
33.0
744
-20.6
*
2.2
744
-39
404,392
Somewhat/not helpful
977
60.4
974
48.2
968
-12.6
*
1.8
968
-21
512,652
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
48.8
528
34.5
521
-15.1
*
2.8
521
-31
309,405
1-2
708
59.6
706
45.0
701
-15.1
*
2.0
701
-25
363,710
3 or more
525
63.5
522
45.0
519
-18.6
*
2.1
519
-29
258,878
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
54.1
977
40.8
967
-13.9
*
2.2
967
-26
545,856
1-2
553
61.4
552
43.4
549
-18.3
*
2.1
549
-30
274,586
3 or more
244
60.0
242
38.9
240
-21.2
*
2.8
240
-35
120,367
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
52.1
836
35.2
827
-17.6
*
2.1
827
-34
478,489
1 or more
943
61.8
936
47.7
930
-14.4
*
1.8
930
-23
464,381
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-19. Percentage who used cocaine during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage using cocaine 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
42.9
1,788
23.4
1,790
-19.5
*
2.0
1,785
-45
958,818
Sex
Male
1,251
42.2
1,244
23.8
1,246
-18.4
*
2.2
1,242
-44
684,821
Female
548
44.7
544
22.4
544
-22.3
*
2.6
543
-50
273,998
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
45.5
1,096
23.9
1,097
-21.6
*
2.7
1,095
-47
576,695
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
41.2
495
23.0
495
-18.2
*
2.9
493
-44
271,053
Hispanic
137
30.5
136
21.6
137
-9.4
*
3.6
136
-31
79,065
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
20.2
155
28.8
156
8.5
5.1
155
n.s.
77,439
18 - 29
674
49.1
671
25.8
672
-23.3
*
3.2
671
-47
379,065
30 - 39
660
48.9
656
25.0
655
-24.0
*
2.4
653
-49
343,156
40 +
309
26.2
306
12.0
307
-14.4
*
2.7
306
-55
159,158
Education
1 to 9 years
306
37.2
302
25.5
303
-11.8
*
3.6
302
-32
171,868
10 to 11 years
487
47.0
485
23.7
485
-23.2
*
3.0
484
-49
267,176
12 years or GED
517
42.1
515
23.9
515
-18.4
*
2.7
514
-44
269,680
College/grad school
486
43.5
483
21.5
484
-22.0
*
3.6
482
-51
247,454
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
45.2
695
23.8
697
-21.3
*
2.5
694
-47
353,296
Residential
326
53.4
324
24.3
324
-29.2
*
3.9
323
-55
171,999
Outpatient methadone
217
61.2
217
49.3
217
-12.0
*
4.4
216
-20
47,711
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
33.9
552
19.5
553
-14.4
*
3.0
552
-42
385,813
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
37.9
1,112
19.6
1,114
-18.4
*
2.4
1,111
-49
617,219
Marijuana
443
48.5
443
27.4
442
-21.2
*
3.8
442
-44
248,641
Cocaine
443
92.8
428
54.2
430
-38.5
*
3.4
426
-41
219,797
Crack
382
54.8
377
22.7
379
-31.9
*
4.0
377
-58
209,263
Heroin
315
71.1
313
47.3
313
-23.4
*
2.9
312
-33
108,102
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
42.8
520
26.2
520
-16.6
*
3.8
520
-39
308,878
Health problems
437
43.7
435
20.9
436
-22.9
*
2.3
435
-52
223,675
Relationship problems
837
46.1
832
24.7
834
-21.5
*
2.6
831
-47
439,938
Pressure from employer
132
48.2
132
23.2
132
-25.0
*
5.4
132
-52
65,959
Financial problems
501
53.8
497
27.5
498
-26.4
*
2.1
497
-49
253,944
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
47.0
296
26.6
296
-20.7
*
3.1
295
-44
178,052
1 week - less than 1 month
473
48.0
470
22.8
470
-25.2
*
2.9
468
-53
236,009
1 month - less than 6 months
661
39.3
657
25.0
659
-14.3
*
3.0
657
-36
355,161
6 months or more
345
37.3
344
15.5
344
-21.8
*
2.9
344
-58
172,776
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
42.6
1,182
20.8
1,185
-21.7
*
2.4
1,181
-51
647,728
Treatment not completed
507
46.7
504
30.6
503
-16.2
*
2.6
502
-35
256,365
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
41.3
753
17.2
754
-24.0
*
2.5
753
-58
409,359
Somewhat/not helpful
977
44.8
972
28.4
973
-16.5
*
2.5
969
-37
513,489
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
33.4
527
14.7
527
-18.9
*
3.2
526
-57
313,672
1-2
708
43.4
706
25.0
706
-18.5
*
2.5
704
-43
365,791
3 or more
525
55.1
421
32.5
423
-22.4
*
2.2
421
-41
258,642
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
40.0
978
20.9
977
-19.2
*
2.8
976
-48
552,501
1-2
553
44.3
551
24.7
552
-19.6
*
2.3
550
-44
275,087
3 or more
244
57.2
241
34.1
243
-22.5
*
2.5
241
-39
119,936
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
35.0
833
14.8
834
-20.2
*
2.9
831
-58
482,366
1 or more
943
51.5
938
32.5
939
-19.0
*
2.0
937
-37
467,220
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990 who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-20 Percentage who used crack during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage using crack 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
29.0
1,791
24.3
1,786
-4.8
*
1.6
1784
-17
957,890
Sex
Male
1,251
27.5
1,248
24.1
1,243
-3.5
*
1.7
1,243
-13
685,167
Female
548
32.9
543
24.8
543
-8.0
*
2.8
541
-24
272,723
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
20.4
1,099
18.5
1,093
-1.9
1.5
1,093
n.s.
575,142
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
52.9
493
40.6
494
-12.3
*
3.7
492
-23
270,609
Hispanic
137
13.7
137
13.4
137
-0.3
3.1
137
n.s.
79,530
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
5.1
156
15.4
156
10.3
*
3.6
156
202
77,605
18 - 29
674
35.2
671
28.2
668
-7.0
*
2.1
668
-20
378,275
30 - 39
660
34.2
657
27.5
655
-6.9
*
2.8
653
-20
342,387
40 +
309
15.0
307
12.5
307
-2.4
2.0
307
n.s.
159,623
Education
1 to 9 years
306
21.6
306
22.7
304
1.0
2.7
304
n.s.
172,603
10 to 11 years
487
33.6
484
28.2
484
-5.7
*
2.9
483
-17
266,668
12 years or GED
517
26.0
515
22.3
514
-3.6
2.4
514
n.s.
269,137
College/grad school
486
32.9
483
23.7
481
-9.3
*
2.8
480
-28
246,840
(page 1 of 3)
Table B-20 Percentage who used crack during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Residential
326
48.5
324
33.8
322
-15.3
*
4.4
321
-32
170,542
Outpatient methadone
217
24.2
215
23.7
215
-0.5
5.9
215
n.s.
47,248
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
14.0
554
13.7
553
-0.3
2.2
553
n.s.
384,577
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
22.7
1,112
21.1
1,110
-1.8
1.7
1,108
n.s.
614,420
Marijuana
443
23.6
443
21.3
440
-2.4
3.0
440
n.s.
247,306
Cocaine
443
43.2
431
35.2
430
-7.9
*
3.4
429
-18
220,786
Crack
382
90.6
380
64.1
381
-26.4
*
3.3
379
-29
210,659
Heroin
315
33.7
313
26.6
313
-7.1
4.1
313
n.s.
109,114
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
22.3
520
21.1
518
-1.4
2.7
518
n.s.
307,446
Health problems
437
28.4
436
21.2
435
-7.0
*
2.8
435
-25
223,230
Relationship problems
837
35.2
834
29.4
833
-5.9
*
2.1
832
-17
439,592
Pressure from employer
132
28.4
132
25.5
132
-2.8
3.4
132
n.s.
65,959
Financial problems
501
39.7
499
33.5
500
-6.3
*
1.9
499
-16
254,241
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
36.5
297
32.2
296
-4.1
2.7
296
n.s.
178,252
1 week - less than 1 month
473
39.1
470
27.8
469
-11.7
*
2.9
467
-30
234,876
1 month - less than 6 months
661
25.0
660
23.4
658
-1.4
2.5
658
n.s.
356,159
6 months or more
345
16.9
343
12.8
342
-4.2
2.8
342
n.s.
171,782
(page 2 of 3)
Table B-20 Percentage who used crack during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Treatment not completed
507
34.2
507
28.6
506
-5.4
*
2.3
506
-16
257,358
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
31.5
756
25.5
755
-5.9
*
2.8
755
-19
411,065
Somewhat/not helpful
977
27.8
973
23.6
969
-4.2
*
1.8
967
-15
511,765
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
20.0
529
12.6
528
-7.4
*
2.4
528
-37
314,281
1-2
708
29.7
706
26.4
704
-3.4
2.3
704
n.s.
365,791
3 or more
525
40.2
522
36.5
521
-3.8
2.6
519
n.s.
257,708
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
26.5
979
22.7
978
-3.8
2.0
978
n.s.
553,014
1-2
553
31.2
551
25.5
547
-5.8
*
2.3
546
-19
273,007
3 or more
244
37.6
243
30.0
243
-7.7
*
3.6
242
-20
120,576
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
22.6
836
14.6
834
-8.0
*
2.2
833
-35
483,356
1 or more
943
36.2
938
34.7
935
-1.5
2.0
934
n.s.
465,302
(page 3 of 3)
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
Table B-21. Percentage who used heroin during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage using heroin 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
13.8
1,791
12.0
1,788
-1.9
*
0.7
1787
-14
959,101
Sex
Male
1,251
12.9
1,244
11.7
1,242
-1.3
0.9
1,241
n.s.
684,063
Female
548
15.9
547
12.6
546
-3.3
*
1.3
546
-21
275,039
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
12.2
1,097
10.4
1,096
-1.8
0.9
1,096
n.s.
577,497
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
18.4
496
15.1
496
-3.4
*
1.1
495
-18
271,310
Hispanic
137
10.7
137
14.0
137
3.3
2.2
137
n.s.
79,065
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
1.6
156
6.5
156
4.9
2.7
156
n.s.
77,605
18 - 29
674
11.2
671
10.2
671
-1.0
1.0
671
n.s.
379,909
30 - 39
660
20.6
658
16.6
656
-4.0
*
1.5
656
-19
344,112
40 +
309
11.1
306
8.5
305
-2.7
*
0.9
304
-24
157,476
Education
1 to 9 years
306
11.9
302
11.9
301
0.0
1.7
301
n.s.
170,167
10 to 11 years
487
15.7
487
12.7
487
-3.0
1.7
487
n.s.
268,639
12 years or GED
517
12.3
515
11.0
512
-1.4
1.4
512
n.s.
268,274
College/grad school
486
14.5
484
12.4
485
-2.1
1.4
484
n.s.
249,380
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
14.5
697
12.6
695
-1.9
1.2
695
n.s.
354,549
Residential
326
9.2
323
9.0
324
-0.2
1.4
324
n.s.
172,006
Outpatient methadone
217
82.1
216
60.1
216
-22.1
*
3.4
216
-27
47,820
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
6.7
555
6.7
553
-0.1
3.2
553
n.s.
384,726
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
9.1
1,112
7.1
1,109
-2.0
*
0.8
1,108
-22
613,657
Marijuana
443
7.9
443
7.7
442
-0.2
1.1
442
n.s.
248,025
Cocaine
443
23.0
433
22.1
431
-1.0
2.1
431
n.s.
222,191
Crack
382
13.1
378
9.3
379
-3.8
*
1.5
378
-29
209,962
Heroin
315
92.6
315
74.7
315
-17.9
*
3.5
315
-19
109,737
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
11.4
520
11.5
520
0.2
1.2
520
n.s.
308,878
Health problems
437
17.4
435
16.1
434
-1.4
1.8
434
n.s.
222,319
Relationship problems
837
14.8
834
13.1
832
-1.8
0.8
831
n.s.
438,462
Pressure from employer
132
12.4
132
11.8
131
-0.7
3.1
131
n.s.
65,183
Financial problems
501
20.9
500
19.4
499
-1.5
1.6
499
n.s.
254,288
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
16.5
295
14.7
294
-1.8
1.3
294
n.s.
177,044
1 week - less than 1 month
473
16.7
472
13.9
473
-2.7
1.4
472
n.s.
238,059
1 month - less than 6 months
661
9.7
660
9.5
658
-0.3
1.1
658
n.s.
355,539
6 months or more
345
15.6
343
12.3
342
-3.4
*
1.7
342
-22
171,639
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
13.2
1,185
10.3
1,182
-3.0
*
0.9
1,181
-23
647,979
Treatment not completed
507
16.8
505
17.7
505
0.9
1.4
505
n.s.
256,447
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
12.2
754
9.6
753
-2.7
*
1.2
753
-22
408,221
Somewhat/not helpful
977
15.7
975
14.6
973
-1.1
1.2
972
n.s.
514,961
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
4.8
529
2.8
528
-2.0
*
0.9
528
-42
313,547
1-2
708
11.9
705
12.1
703
0.2
0.2
702
n.s.
364,730
3 or more
525
27.7
524
23.2
524
-4.5
*
0.1
524
-16
260,714
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
8.3
978
7.2
977
-1.1
0.9
976
n.s.
550,865
1-2
553
16.8
552
13.9
550
-3.0
*
1.5
550
-18
275,538
3 or more
244
33.2
244
30.1
244
-3.1
2.1
244
n.s.
122,008
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
6.5
837
5.0
836
-1.5
0.9
836
n.s.
484,117
1 or more
943
21.3
937
19.1
935
-2.3
*
0.9
934
-11
465,751
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-22. Percentage in inpatient treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage using any illicit drug 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
1,799
75.4
1,799
59.3
1,799
-16.1
*
1.5
1,799
-21
976,012
Total Inpatient
700
77.7
700
58.4
700
-19.2
*
1.9
700
-25
357,954
Sex
Male
497
74.9
497
60.8
497
-14.1
*
1.9
497
-19
257,250
Female
203
84.8
203
52.4
203
-32.5
*
3.3
203
-38
100,704
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
414
73.0
414
50.6
414
-22.4
*
3.1
414
-31
201,090
Black (non-Hispanic)
220
84.8
220
67.0
220
-17.8
*
3.7
220
-21
126,654
Hispanic
45
74.1
45
69.4
45
-4.7
5.4
45
n.s.
19,394
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
47
87.7
47
64.0
47
-23.7
*
9.8
47
-27
15,262
18 - 29
242
91.3
242
71.3
242
-19.9
*
2.9
242
-22
134,589
30 - 39
263
84.4
263
63.4
263
-21.0
*
3.7
263
-25
133,050
40 +
148
39.3
148
25.4
148
-14.0
*
3.6
148
-36
75,053
Education
1 to 9 years
124
72.0
124
61.3
124
-10.7
*
4.5
124
-15
67,210
10 to 11 years
191
83.3
191
64.6
191
-18.7
*
3.0
191
-22
101,836
12 years or GED
195
75.6
195
54.4
195
-21.1
*
3.3
195
-28
97,331
College/grad school
189
77.7
189
53.5
189
-24.2
*
4.3
189
-31
91,070
(page 1 of 3)
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
473
67.1
473
48.1
473
-19.0
*
2.3
473
-28
231,258
Marijuana
133
97.9
133
79.5
133
-18.3
*
3.8
133
-19
63,612
Cocaine
175
99.0
175
75.4
175
-23.5
*
5.7
175
-24
93,971
Crack
187
99.0
187
78.7
187
-20.4
*
3.3
187
-21
104,326
Heroin
78
98.2
78
87.0
78
-11.2
*
5.0
78
-11
43,867
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
136
81.6
136
74.0
136
-7.7
*
3.3
136
-9
69,867
Health problems
206
75.8
206
22.5
206
-20.6
*
3.7
206
-27
103,336
Relationship problems
350
82.1
350
63.6
350
-18.5
*
2.7
350
-23
180,318
Pressure from employer
58
85.0
58
58.6
58
-26.4
*
7.0
58
-31
25,730
Financial problems
218
88.0
218
72.8
218
-15.2
*
2.8
218
-17
115,496
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
223
77.6
223
65.4
223
-12.2
*
2.2
223
-16
131,648
1 week - less than 1 month
288
80.3
288
55.9
288
-24.4
*
3.1
288
-30
140,726
1 month - less than 6 months
150
76.4
150
52.9
150
-23.5
*
4.7
150
-31
69,404
6 months or more
34
58.4
34
45.9
34
-12.5
6.7
34
n.s.
13,779
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
528
75.8
528
56.2
528
-19.6
*
2.6
528
-26
272,886
Treatment not completed
152
87.7
152
68.9
152
-18.8
*
4.2
152
-21
76,745
(page 2 of 3)
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
339
75.3
339
52.8
339
-22.5
*
3.0
339
-30
178,667
Somewhat/not helpful
351
80.3
351
64.6
351
-15.7
*
2.5
351
-20
174,094
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
188
72.3
188
44.3
188
-28.1
*
3.8
188
-39
88,985
1-2
272
78.8
272
59.2
272
-19.6
*
2.8
272
-25
139,982
3 or more
222
83.7
222
70.9
222
-12.8
*
3.1
222
-15
118,086
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
373
78.7
373
57.9
373
-20.7
*
3.0
373
-26
190,069
1-2
202
77.3
202
59.1
202
-18.2
*
2.8
202
-24
101,145
3 or more
116
81.1
116
63.0
116
-18.1
*
6.0
116
-22
61,101
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
302
66.8
302
41.0
302
-25.8
*
2.9
302
-39
149,163
1 or more
391
86.2
391
91.4
391
-14.8
*
1.8
391
-17
205,246
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-23. Percentage in residential treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage using any illicit drug 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
1,799
75.4
1,799
59.3
1,799
-16.1
*
1.5
1,799
-21
976,01 2
Total Residential
326
88.8
326
68.6
326
-20.2
*
2.5
326
-23
173,81 1
Sex
Male
252
87.5
252
69.0
252
-18.5
*
2.8
252
-21
136,07 0
Female
74
93.2
74
67.1
74
-26.1
*
5.3
74
-28
37,742
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
197
85.7
197
70.9
197
-14.8
*
3.4
197
-17
103,41 4
Black (non-Hispanic)
102
94.7
102
64.3
102
-30.4
*
5.2
102
-32
57,968
Hispanic
13
90.6
13
62.1
13
-28.5
*
1.3
13
n.a.
4,953
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
28
81.8
28
89.3
28
7.5
7.6
28
n.s.
8,723
18 - 29
147
95.8
147
75.5
147
-20.3
*
3.3
147
-21
85,987
30 - 39
116
88.7
116
60.0
116
-28.7
*
3.9
116
-32
63,217
40 +
35
54.9
35
54.2
35
-0.8
0.8
35
n.s.
15,889
Education
1 to 9 years
46
75.8
46
64.6
46
-11.3
6.9
46
n.s.
24,589
10 to 11 years
102
92.8
102
69.9
102
-22.9
*
5.7
102
-25
53,421
12 years or GED
95
88.1
95
72.5
95
-15.6
*
4.5
95
-18
48,608
College/grad school
83
91.6
83
65.1
83
-26.5
*
4.6
83
-29
47,193
(page 1 of 3)
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
200
85.6
200
67.3
200
-18.3
*
3.3
200
-21
107,02
Marijuana
105
95.1
105
81.0
105
-14.1
*
3.8
105
-15
54,202
Cocaine
79
99.2
79
77.5
79
-21.8
*
5.7
79
-22
44,108
Crack
120
99.8
120
68.7
120
-31.1
*
3.4
120
-31
67,642
Heroin
27
100.0
27
83.0
27
-17.0
10.2
27
n.s.
11,087
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
108
92.3
108
76.3
108
-15.9
*
3.7
108
-17
51,554
Health problems
75
86.5
75
67.7
75
-18.8
*
6.8
75
-22
37,323
Relationship problems
155
93.2
155
78.9
155
-14.3
*
3.8
155
-15
87,291
Pressure from employer
25
95.8
25
77.6
25
-18.2
*
8.3
25
-19
14,536
Financial problems
80
97.7
80
86.7
80
-10.9
*
2.8
80
-11
40,502
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
46
80.5
46
62.3
46
-18.2
*
5.1
46
-23
30,420
1 week - less than 1 month
92
86.4
92
67.3
92
-19.2
*
3.9
92
-22
58,696
1 month - less than 6 months
137
95.6
137
74.9
137
-20.8
*
3.4
137
-22
62,830
6 months or more
48
85.1
48
58.1
48
-27.0
*
10.5
48
-32
19,505
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
201
88.3
201
65.2
201
-23.1
*
3.3
201
-26
105,66 0
Treatment not completed
112
92.9
112
76.2
112
-16.7
*
5.5
112
-18
59,295
(page 2 of 3)
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
90.6
152
64.5
152
-26.0
*
4.5
152
-29
79,256
Somewhat/not helpful
89.5
165
74.4
165
-15.1
*
3.2
165
-17
88,857
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
83
83.8
83
55.1
83
-28.8
*
7.6
83
-34
47,629
1-2
129
91.4
129
71.0
129
-20.4
*
4.1
129
-22
65,995
3 or more
105
94.2
105
79.7
105
-14.5
*
4.3
105
-15
54,581
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
86.7
165
66.5
165
-20.2
*
3.9
165
-23
90,964
1-2
89.7
108
68.4
108
-21.3
*
4.6
108
-24
54,733
3 or more
96.4
50
77.6
50
-18.8
*
6.6
50
-20
26,628
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
87.4
143
55.5
143
-31.9
*
5.2
143
-36
79,143
1 or more
90.9
178
80.8
178
-10.1
*
2.6
178
-11
91,758
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-24. Percentage in outpatient methadone treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage using any illicit drug 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
1,799
75.4
1,799
59.3
1,799
-16.1
*
1.5
1,799
-21
976,01 2
Total Outpatient Methadone
217
95.2
217
86.1
217
-9.1
*
1.8
217
-10
47,871
Sex
Male
121
94.0
121
86.3
121
-7.6
*
2.4
121
-8
26,400
Female
96
96.7
96
85.9
96
-10.8
*
2.7
96
-11
21,471
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
108
93.4
108
78.9
108
-14.6
*
2.5
108
-16
22,402
Black (non-Hispanic)
79
96.5
79
94.8
79
-1.7
0.9
79
n.s.
18,827
Hispanic
24
96.9
24
90.9
24
-6.0
4.4
24
n.s.
5,490
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
1
100.0
1
100.0
1
0.0
0.0
1
n.a.
990
18 - 29
71
95.8
71
80.0
71
-15.8
*
4.7
71
-16
12,634
30 - 39
101
95.5
101
89.9
101
-5.6
*
2.2
101
-6
23,951
40 +
44
93.2
44
83.5
44
-9.8
*
4.3
44
-11
10,296
Education
1 to 9 years
33
97.1
33
77.6
33
-19.5
*
9.1
33
-20
5,911
10 to 11 years
58
98.6
58
88.2
58
-10.4
*
3.4
58
-11
14,015
12 years or GED
62
93.3
62
87.0
62
-6.3
3.8
62
n.s.
13,186
College/grad school
64
92.9
64
86.8
64
-6.1
3.3
64
n.s.
14,758
(page 1 of 3)
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
55
93.8
55
88.1
55
-5.7
*
2.4
55
-6
14,588
Marijuana
22
96.5
22
88.3
22
-8.3
5.9
22
n.s.
4,928
Cocaine
72
98.2
72
91.9
72
-6.2
*
3.0
72
-6
17,245
Crack
15
100.0
15
89.6
15
-10.4
8.2
15
n.s.
4,054
Heroin
178
97.4
178
88.9
178
-8.4
*
2.0
178
-9
37,915
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
28
91.0
28
88.8
28
-2.3
3.7
28
n.s.
7,932
Health problems
50
97.2
50
89.7
50
-7.5
3.9
50
n.s.
12,159
Relationship problems
106
97.1
106
92.2
106
-4.9
*
2.0
106
-5
22,498
Pressure from employer
13
100.0
13
100.0
13
0.0
0.0
13
n.s.
2,343
Financial problems
86
97.1
86
88.5
86
-8.7
*
3.1
86
-9
17,002
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
11
88.8
11
88.8
11
0.0
0.0
11
n.s.
3,145
1 week - less than 1 month
53
92.4
53
93.7
53
1.3
2.2
53
n.s.
11,344
1 month - less than 6 months
67
98.8
67
90.0
67
-8.8
*
3.2
67
-9
15,712
6 months or more
85
94.5
85
75.8
85
-18.7
*
4.2
85
-20
16,552
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
95
96.8
95
85.9
95
-10.9
*
2.7
95
-11
22,157
Treatment not completed
99
96.9
99
91.0
99
-5.9
*
2.3
99
-6
21,649
(page 2 of 3)
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
63
98.6
63
85.5
63
-13.1
*
4.6
63
-13
13,532
Somewhat/not helpful
138
95.1
138
89.1
138
-6.0
*
1.7
138
-6
31,837
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
31
91.3
31
79.2
31
-12.1
*
6.0
31
-13
8,565
1-2
89
95.2
89
89.6
89
-5.6
2.9
89
n.s.
17,797
3 or more
94
99.2
94
88.2
94
-11.0
*
2.6
94
-11
20,920
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
91
93.2
91
85.4
91
-7.8
*
2.6
91
-8
21,126
1-2
83
97.9
83
89.3
83
-8.6
*
3.9
83
-9
15,486
3 or more
41
100.0
41
87.3
41
-12.7
*
4.8
41
-13
10,720
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
59
93.9
59
80.9
59
-12.9
*
4.5
59
-14
14,716
1 or more
155
97.4
155
89.8
155
-7.5
*
2.0
155
-8
32,456
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-25. Percentage in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage using any illicit drug 5 or more times
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
1,799
75.4
1,799
59.3
1,799
-16.1
*
1.5
1,799
-21
976,012
Total Outpatient
Nonmethadone
556
64.9
556
52.6
556
-12.3
*
2.6
556
-19
387,375
Sex
Male
381
63.0
381
53.7
381
-9.3
*
2.5
381
-15
270,690
Female
175
69.3
175
50.1
175
-19.2
*
4.6
175
-28
116,686
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
382
73.5
382
60.1
382
-13.4
*
3.7
382
-18
253,904
Black (non-Hispanic)
98
61.0
98
47.0
98
-14.0
*
2.8
98
-23
70,613
Hispanic
55
30.5
55
21.5
55
-9.1
*
3.3
55
-30
4,962
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
80
63.9
80
73.8
80
9.9
*
4.5
80
15
52,631
18 - 29
214
74.4
214
60.1
214
-14.4
*
3.4
214
-19
148,141
30 - 39
180
71.3
180
51.4
180
-19.9
*
4.4
180
-28
126,701
40 +
82
28.9
82
18.2
82
-10.7
*
3.4
82
-37
59,903
Education
1 to 9 years
103
52.0
103
38.4
103
-13.6
*
4.3
103
-26
75,553
10 to 11 years
136
75.2
136
64.1
136
-11.1
*
5.6
136
-15
99,366
12 years or GED
165
67.3
165
56.4
165
-10.9
*
3.9
165
-16
112,580
College/grad school
150
61.8
150
47.3
150
-14.5
*
4.7
143
-23
97,742
(page 1 of 3)
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
389
58.9
389
49.8
389
-9.1
*
3.0
389
-15
267,578
Marijuana
183
97.1
183
82.6
183
-14.5
*
3.5
183
-15
126,059
Cocaine
107
96.9
107
75.1
107
-21.8
*
4.6
107
-22
67,863
Crack
60
98.3
60
77.0
60
-21.3
*
6.6
60
-22
36,209
Heroin
32
100.0
32
86.6
32
-13.4
*
6.6
32
-13
16,867
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
250
63.5
250
52.2
250
-11.3
*
4.1
250
-18
181,365
Health problems
106
63.0
106
51.5
106
-11.6
*
4.9
106
-18
71,482
Relationship problems
226
90.2
226
54.7
226
-15.4
*
3.5
226
-17
152,529
Pressure from employer
36
61.1
36
46.2
36
-14.9
8.0
36
n.s.
23,350
Financial problems
117
74.8
117
54.1
117
-20.7
*
4.2
117
-28
82,805
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
19
72.5
19
30.6
19
-41.8
*
10.3
19
-58
14,881
1 week - less than 1 month
40
62.0
40
57.9
40
-4.1
5.0
40
n.s.
27,892
1 month - less than 6 months
307
63.7
307
57.3
307
-6.4
3.9
307
n.s.
209,932
6 months or more
178
65.2
178
44.5
178
-20.6
*
3.4
178
-32
123,726
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
366
63.5
366
48.3
366
-15.3
*
3.5
366
-24
253,621
Treatment not completed
144
72.7
144
66.6
144
-6.1
*
3.5
144
-8
100,273
(page 2 of 3)
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
205
58.5
205
42.6
205
-15.9
*
4.1
205
-27
141,670
Somewhat/not helpful
323
70.7
323
60.2
323
-10.5
*
2.9
323
-15
223,127
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
229
48.8
229
35.9
229
-12.9
*
3.8
229
-26
171,110
1-2
218
74.9
218
65.6
218
-9.3
*
2.9
218
-12
144,269
3 or more
104
86.8
104
68.8
104
-18.0
*
3.2
104
-21
67,589
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
355
57.8
355
48.4
355
-9.4
*
3.1
355
-16
254,719
1-2
160
80.6
160
61.2
160
-19.4
*
3.9
160
-24
105,467
3 or more
37
77.2
37
62.9
37
-14.4
8.6
37
n.s.
23,559
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
335
56.8
335
42.5
335
-14.4
*
3.3
335
-25
243,837
1 or more
219
79.8
219
70.9
219
-8.9
3.4
219
n.s.
141,460
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-26. Percentage who reported any criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Criminal Activity
Percentage reporting criminal activity
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Vehicle theft
9.0
1,790
4.0
1,789
-5.0
*
0.9
1,789
-56
962,296
Driving while intoxicated (DWI)
60.5
1,794
43.3
1,786
-17.1
*
2.8
1,786
-28
962,391
Driving under the influence (DUI)
54.1
1,793
40.4
1,785
-13.6
*
1.8
1,784
-25
961,093
Public disorder
28.1
1,792
19.6
1,785
-8.5
*
1.2
1,785
-30
961,052
Sell drugs
34.7
1,786
24.2
1,787
-10.5
*
1.4
1,786
-30
962,389
Prostitution/procurement
12.8
1,790
9.5
1,790
-3.2
*
0.9
1,790
-25
963,696
Fraud/forgery
13.7
1,792
10.3
1,792
-3.5
*
1.0
1,792
-26
963,348
Theft/larceny
27.3
1,791
17.2
1,788
-10.0
*
1.5
1,787
-37
960,815
Breaking and entering
13.6
1,792
8.4
1,793
-5.2
*
1.2
1,792
-38
964,140
Armed robbery
3.4
1,794
3.4
1,793
0.0
0.6
1,793
n.s.
963,674
Arson
1.5
1,794
0.6
1,793
-0.9
0.3
1,793
n.s.
964,585
Threaten/attack
12.4
1,792
9.4
1,791
-2.9
*
1.0
1,791
-23
962,441
Use force for sex
0.7
1,792
0.6
1,791
-0.1
0.3
1,791
n.s.
965,569
Homicide
0.4
1,792
0.1
1,792
-0.3
0.2
1,792
n.s.
963,618
Violate parole
16.6
1,788
20.9
1,784
4.3
*
1.4
1,784
26
960,137
Arrested
65.7
1,781
54.4
1,782
-11.3
*
2.6
1,750
-17
942,237
(page 1 of 2)
Spent time in jail, prison, detention, or probation or parole+
42.8
1,792
56.8
1,533
7.3
*
1.8
1,528
17
813,503
Supported self mainly through criminal activity
27.2
1,782
17.6
1,782
-9.5
*
1.1
1,776
-35
955,980
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
+ There were a large number of cases missing for this variable during the five years after the SROS episode because of item non-response on the five questions that were combined to create this variable.
(page 2 of 2)
Table B-27. Percentage in inpatient treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Criminal Activity
Percentage reporting criminal activity
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
Vehicle theft
9.2
695
4.3
694
-4.9
*
1.2
694
-53
356,292
Driving while intoxicated (DWI)
58.8
696
41.9
692
-16.7
*
3.0
692
-28
356,445
Driving under the influence (DUI)
56.8
696
41.2
693
-15.5
*
2.1
693
-27
355,935
Public disorder
28.2
695
21.2
694
-6.8
*
2.0
694
-24
356,043
Sell drugs
34.7
693
23.3
694
-11.5
*
1.7
693
-33
355,052
Prostitution/procurement
14.8
695
12.1
695
-2.7
1.7
695
n.s.
355,704
Fraud/forgery
16.4
696
11.3
696
-5.1
*
1.8
696
-31
356,445
Theft/larceny
29.3
696
19.7
694
-9.4
*
2.4
694
-32
355,193
Breaking and entering
14.4
696
8.8
696
-5.6
*
1.7
696
-39
356,445
Armed robbery
4.1
697
3.8
697
-0.3
1.0
697
n.s.
356,686
Arson
1.1
696
0.5
696
-0.6
0.5
696
n.s.
355,945
Threaten/attack
13.4
696
10.2
696
-3.2
*
1.2
696
-24
355,945
Use force for sex
0.8
695
1.1
695
0.3
0.5
695
n.s.
355,533
Homicide
0.3
694
0.3
694
0.1
0.1
694
n.s.
354,718
Violated parole
18.4
694
20.1
692
1.6
1.8
692
n.s.
355,700
Arrested
63.1
695
56.3
685
-6.7
*
2.6
682
-11
349,486
(page 1 of 2)
Spent time in jail, prison, detention, probation, or parole+
43.4
696
58.6
582
9.1
*
2.4
580
21
302,067
Supported self mainly through criminal activity
31.4
692
21.0
693
-10.1
*
1.8
690
-32
353,208
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
+ There were a large number of cases missing for this variable during the five years after the SROS episode because of item non-response on the five questions that were combined to create this variable.
(page 2 of 2)
Table B-28. Percentage in residential treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Criminal Activity
Percentage reporting criminal activity
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
Vehicle theft
11.2
326
5.7
326
-5.5
*
2.2
326
-49
173,811
Driving while intoxicated (DWI)
67.6
326
50.3
323
-17.7
*
2.8
323
-26
172,475
Driving under the influence (DUI)
60.3
326
49.4
325
-11.1
*
3.1
325
-18
173,214
Public disorder
34.2
326
24.2
324
-9.9
*
2.7
324
-29
172,749
Sell drugs
45.2
325
26.6
325
-18.6
*
2.7
325
-41
172,985
Prostitution/procurement
18.7
324
13.3
324
-5.4
3.1
324
n.s.
173,087
Fraud/forgery
20.1
326
13.5
326
-6.6
*
2.6
326
-33
173,811
Theft/larceny
34.7
326
22.4
326
-12.3
*
3.1
326
-35
173,811
Breaking and entering
18.7
324
11.3
325
-7.4
*
3.0
324
-40
172,608
Armed robbery
4.9
325
5.3
325
0.4
1.6
325
n.s.
172,985
Arson
1.0
326
0.6
326
-1.3
1.2
326
n.s.
173,811
Threaten/attack
16.6
325
11.1
325
-5.5
*
2.4
325
-33
172,985
Use force for sex
1.0
325
0.2
325
-0.8
0.8
325
n.s.
173,207
Homicide
0.6
326
0.0
323
-0.6
0.4
326
n.s.
173,811
Violated parole
21.1
325
33.5
325
12.4
*
2.5
325
59
172,693
Arrested
74.8
320
67.9
318
-7.2
*
3.5
315
-10
166,432
(page 1 of 2)
Spent time in jail, prison, detention, probation, or parole+
53.8
323
68.4
292
8.1
*
3.9
289
15
150,438
Supported self mainly through criminal activity
31.6
323
16.3
325
-15.2
*
3.7
323
-48
171,995
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
+ There were a large number of cases missing for this variable during the five years after the SROS episode because of item non-response on the five questions that were combined to create this variable.
(page 2 of 2)
Table B-29. Percentage in methadone maintenance treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Criminal Activity
Percentage reporting criminal activity
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Vehicle theft
7.5
216
4.8
216
-2.7
1.4
216
n.s.
47,713
Driving while intoxicated (DWI)
46.9
216
29.0
216
-17.8
*
3.6
216
-38
47,713
Driving under the influence (DUI)
50.9
215
34.4
214
-15.9
*
3.8
213
-31
47,092
Public disorder
22.8
216
18.4
215
-4.4
*
1.8
215
-19
47,553
Sell drugs
47.3
214
31.0
214
-16.3
*
5.2
214
-34
47,064
Prostitution/procurement
22.4
215
18.3
215
-4.1
2.4
215
n.s.
47,530
Fraud/forgery
26.3
216
14.0
216
-12.4
*
5.2
216
-47
47,713
Theft/larceny
38.3
215
28.1
214
-9.9
*
3.8
213
-26
47,343
Breaking and entering
19.1
216
10.8
216
-8.2
*
3.9
216
-43
47,713
Armed robbery
3.9
216
2.3
216
-1.5
1.4
216
n.s.
47,713
Arson
1.3
216
0.0
216
-1.3
0.8
216
n.s.
47,713
Threaten/attack
8.7
216
5.9
216
-2.8
3.5
216
n.s.
47,713
Use force for sex
0.5
216
0.0
215
0.0
0.0
215
n.s.
47,453
Homicide
0.8
216
0.0
216
-0.8
0.5
216
n.s.
47,713
Violated parole
22.6
214
21.4
213
-0.8
4.2
213
n.s.
47,133
Arrested
67.9
214
60.8
213
-7.1
4.5
210
n.s.
46,631
(page 1 of 2)
Spent time in jail, prison, detention, probation, or parole+
45.3
217
59.0
198
9.9
6.0
198
n.s.
44,143
Supported self mainly through criminal activity
60.7
213
40.3
212
-20.2
*
4.3
212
-33
46,449
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
+ There were a large number of cases missing for this variable during the five years after the SROS episode because of item non-response on the five questions that were combined to create this variable.
(page 2 of 2)
Table B-30. Percentage in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Criminal Activity
Percentage reporting criminal activity
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
Vehicle theft
8.0
553
2.9
553
-5.1
*
1.6
553
-64
384,987
Driving while intoxicated (DWI)
60.5
556
43.3
555
-17.2
*
6.1
555
-28
387,191
Driving under the influence (DUI)
49.3
556
36.3
553
-12.8
*
3.6
553
-26
386,229
Public disorder
26.0
555
16.2
552
-9.9
*
2.3
552
-38
385,172
Sell drugs
28.4
554
23.1
554
-5.3
*
2.6
554
-19
387,287
Prostitution/procurement
7.1
556
4.4
556
-2.7
*
1.0
556
-38
387,375
Fraud/forgery
6.8
554
7.4
554
0.6
1.4
554
n.s.
385,379
Theft/larceny
20.8
554
11.5
554
-9.3
*
2.8
554
-45
385,379
Breaking and entering
9.9
556
6.5
556
-3.4
1.9
556
n.s.
387,375
Armed robbery
1.9
556
2.2
555
0.3
0.7
555
n.s.
386,290
Arson
1.6
556
0.7
555
-0.8
0.5
555
n.s.
387,116
Threaten/attack
10.0
555
8.3
554
-1.4
1.9
554
n.s.
385,797
Use force for sex
0.5
556
0.5
556
-0.1
0.3
556
n.s.
387,375
Homicide
0.5
556
0.0
556
-0.5
0.3
556
n.s.
387,375
Violated parole
12.2
555
15.9
554
3.7
2.0
554
n.s.
385,589
Arrested
63.8
552
46.0
546
-17.8
*
5.4
543
-28
379,688
(page 1 of 2)
Spent time in jail, prison, detention, probation, or parole+
37.1
556
49.3
461
4.8
3.4
461
n.s.
316,855
Supported self mainly through criminal activity
17.4
554
12.2
552
-5.0
*
1.8
551
-29
384,328
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
+ There were a large number of cases missing for this variable during the five years after the SROS episode because of item non-response on the five questions that were combined to create this variable.
(page 2 of 2)
Table B-31. Percentage who drove under the influence during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage driving under the influence
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
54.1
1,793
40.4
1,785
-13.6
*
1.8
1784
-25
961,093
Sex
Male
1,251
57.7
1,246
44.7
1,240
-13.0
*
2.1
1,240
-23
686,356
Female
548
45.1
547
29.6
545
-15.2
*
2.7
544
-34
274,737
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
59.0
1,097
45.8
1,091
-13.1
*
2.0
1,091
-22
576,380
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
46.6
497
32.1
496
-14.4
*
3.0
495
-31
272,952
Hispanic
137
47.8
137
25.4
137
-22.4
*
5.3
137
-47
79,530
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
20.0
156
47.9
156
27.8
*
6.8
156
139
77,605
18 - 29
674
59.3
593
47.4
588
-11.8
*
2.4
588
-20
333,767
30 - 39
660
61.8
610
39.4
610
-22.4
*
2.2
609
-36
319,604
40 +
309
42.5
308
22.7
305
-19.3
*
2.9
305
-45
159,649
Education
1 to 9 years
306
53.4
305
38.8
304
-14.6
*
4.6
303
-27
171,763
10 to 11 years
487
51.8
486
39.6
483
-12.1
*
3.9
483
-23
267,491
12 years or GED
517
57.4
514
44.1
513
-13.3
*
3.7
513
-23
270,208
College/grad school
486
53.4
485
38.7
482
-14.4
*
2.1
482
-27
248,989
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
56.8
696
41.2
693
-15.5
*
2.1
693
-27
354,558
Residential
326
60.3
326
49.4
325
-11.1
*
3.1
325
-18
173,214
Outpatient methadone
217
50.9
215
34.4
214
-15.9
*
3.8
213
-31
47,092
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
49.3
556
36.3
553
-12.8
*
3.6
553
-26
386,229
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
55.3
115
39.5
1,109
-15.6
*
2.3
1,109
-28
616,636
Marijuana
443
60.6
442
55.8
441
-4.9
3.9
441
n.s.
247,293
Cocaine
443
58.0
431
42.1
429
-15.8
*
2.8
429
-27
210,366
Crack
382
65.3
379
49.8
379
-15.5
*
3.4
378
-24
221,700
Heroin
315
66.8
312
50.3
311
-16.2
*
3.9
310
-24
108,717
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
56.0
522
44.3
519
-11.7
*
3.3
519
-21
309,587
Health problems
437
55.1
436
38.8
435
-16.3
*
3.5
435
-30
223,875
Relationship problems
837
58.8
834
43.8
830
-14.9
*
2.2
830
-25
440,050
Pressure from employer
132
68.4
132
48.0
132
-20.5
*
4.4
132
-30
65,959
Financial problems
501
64.1
499
48.4
498
-15.7
*
2.7
498
-24
254,469
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
53.8
297
41.0
296
-12.6
*
3.3
296
-23
178,873
1 week - less than 1 month
473
60.6
471
44.2
469
-16.3
*
2.7
469
-27
236,563
1 month - less than 6 months
661
51.4
660
41.2
657
-10.0
*
3.1
657
-19
356,491
6 months or more
345
50.2
344
31.3
343
-18.8
*
3.3
342
-37
172,942
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
54.6
1,188
37.9
1,185
-16.6
*
2.0
1,185
-30
652,229
Treatment not completed
507
55.2
503
47.0
500
-8.0
*
2.6
499
-14
254,725
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
52.8
758
33.1
755
-19.6
*
2.0
755
-37
411,099
Somewhat/not helpful
977
55.8
972
45.9
969
-9.8
*
2.0
968
-18
514,611
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
46.2
530
29.9
529
-16.3
*
3.4
529
-35
315,486
1-2
708
55.6
705
42.8
701
-12.6
*
2.4
700
-23
364,356
3 or more
525
62.3
523
51.5
521
-10.7
*
2.0
521
-17
259,934
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
47.8
982
37.2
979
-10.5
*
2.3
979
-22
55,351
1-2
553
62.4
550
45.3
547
-17.0
*
3.0
546
-27
273,242
3 or more
244
65.9
243
46.6
242
-19.3
*
3.3
242
-29
121,607
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
52.7
836
30.8
833
-21.8
*
3.1
832
-41
483,523
1 or more
943
56.3
940
50.6
936
-5.6
*
1.9
936
-10
468,738
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-32. Percentage who drove while intoxicated during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage driving while intoxicated
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
60.5
1,794
43.3
1,786
-17.7
*
2.8
1786
-28
962,391
Sex
Male
1,251
66.6
1,246
47.7
1,239
-18.9
*
3.3
1,239
-28
686,049
Female
548
45.3
545
32.5
547
-12.8
*
3.2
547
-28
276,343
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
66.4
1,097
49.5
1,091
-16.9
*
2.4
1,091
-25
577,057
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
49.0
498
31.9
497
-17.1
*
3.0
497
-35
273,337
Hispanic
137
60.0
137
32.0
137
-28.0
17.0
137
n.s.
79,530
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
25.8
156
56.1
156
30.3
*
7.4
156
117
77,605
18 - 29
674
61.7
593
49.2
591
-12.6
*
3.0
597
-20
334,577
30 - 39
660
69.3
611
42.5
608
-26.8
*
2.8
608
-39
320,017
40 +
309
57.5
308
27.5
305
-30.0
*
3.7
305
-52
159,724
Education
1 to 9 years
306
56.7
306
38.8
304
-18.3
*
8.1
304
-32
172,069
10 to 11 years
487
54.5
485
43.2
482
-11.1
*
3.6
482
-20
266,662
12 years or GED
517
65.6
515
47.2
512
-18.3
*
3.9
512
-28
270,719
College/grad school
486
64.5
485
42.6
485
-21.9
*
3.0
485
-34
250,299
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
58.8
696
41.9
692
-16.7
*
3.0
692
-28
355,012
Residential
326
67.6
326
50.3
323
-17.7
*
2.8
323
-26
172,475
Outpatient methadone
217
46.9
216
29.0
316
-17.8
*
3.6
216
-38
47,713
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
60.5
556
43.3
555
-17.2
*
6.1
555
-28
387,191
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
69.3
1,116
47.3
1,110
-22.0
*
3.5
1,110
-32
617,949
Marijuana
443
61.5
443
57.2
441
-4.4
3.9
441
n.s.
247,693
Cocaine
443
55.5
432
40.2
431
-15.2
*
2.4
431
-27
210,712
Crack
382
61.8
380
44.9
378
-16.8
*
2.1
378
-27
222,415
Heroin
315
56.5
313
42.5
313
-14.0
*
3.5
313
-25
109,338
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
66.0
522
47.8
519
-18.3
*
3.3
519
-28
309,794
Health problems
437
59.7
436
38.9
433
-20..7
*
4.0
433
-35
223,145
Relationship problems
837
62.1
835
45.8
834
-16.3
*
2.7
834
-26
442,095
Pressure from employer
132
72.5
132
46.0
132
-26.5
*
5.2
132
-37
65,959
Financial problems
501
65.9
500
50.3
498
-15.4
*
2.6
498
-23
254,793
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
53.2
297
40.6
296
-12.5
4.0
296
n.s.
178,958
1 week - less than 1 month
473
62.5
471
45.1
469
-17.4
2.7
469
n.s.
236,854
1 month - less than 6 months
661
59.8
660
45.7
656
-14.0
4.5
656
n.s.
356,792
6 months or more
345
64.9
345
36.7
345
-28.2
4.8
345
n.s.
173,563
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
63.3
1,188
42.7
1,183
-20.5
*
2.0
1,185
-32
652,099
Treatment not completed
507
55.1
504
45.5
502
-9.9
*
2.6
499
-18
255,967
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
60.4
758
36.5
756
-23.9
*
3.2
756
-40
412,323
Somewhat/not helpful
977
60.8
973
49.1
968
-11.7
*
2.7
968
-19
514,500
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
56.2
529
35.8
525
-20.4
*
6.1
525
-36
314,185
1-2
708
62.0
707
46.0
705
-16.0
*
3.1
705
-26
367,145
3 or more
525
64.5
523
50.2
522
-14.2
*
2.5
522
-22
259,962
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
54.7
981
41.2
977
-13.5
*
4.2
977
-25
554,616
1-2
553
69.3
552
48.5
549
-20.9
*
3.1
549
-30
275,116
3 or more
244
68.6
243
45.4
243
-23.2
*
3.4
243
-34
121,767
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
61.6
837
36.0
832
-25.7
*
4.2
832
-42
484,158
1 or more
943
59.9
940
51.2
938
-8.6
*
2.3
938
-14
469,402
(page 3 of 3)
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
TABLE B-33. Percentage who sold drugs during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage selling drugs
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
34.7
1,786
24.2
1,787
-10.5
*
1.4
1786
-30
962,389
Sex
Male
1,251
36.0
1,240
26.0
1,241
-10.0
*
1.5
1,240
-28
686,022
Female
548
31.5
546
19.8
546
-11.7
*
2.5
546
-37
276,367
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
34.3
1,092
23.5
1,092
-10.8
*
2.3
1,092
-31
578,108
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
39.0
495
26.7
496
-12.4
*
2.7
495
-32
272,141
Hispanic
137
20.2
137
17.8
137
-2.4
3.9
137
n.s.
79,530
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
33.5
156
42.4
156
8.9
*
3.4
156
27
77,605
18 - 29
674
41.8
593
32.9
593
-8.8
*
2.2
593
-21
335,686
30 - 39
660
37.4
605
19.3
606
-18.2
*
2.5
605
-49
318,696
40 +
309
15.0
306
6.9
306
-8.1
*
1.9
306
-54
159,935
Education
1 to 9 years
306
31.3
305
26.4
305
-4.9
2.7
305
n.s.
173,226
10 to 11 years
487
38.6
483
27.9
483
-10.7
*
2.6
483
-28
267,249
12 years or GED
517
33.1
513
23.5
513
-9.7
*
2.9
513
-29
270,608
College/grad school
486
34.7
482
19.5
483
-15.3
*
3.0
482
-44
248,663
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
34.7
693
23.3
694
-11.5
*
1.7
693
-33
355,052
Residential
326
45.2
325
26.6
325
-18.6
*
2.7
325
-41
172,985
Outpatient methadone
217
47.3
214
31.0
214
-16.3
*
5.2
214
-34
47,063
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
28.4
554
23.1
554
-5.3
*
2.6
554
-19
387,287
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
29.4
1,110
20.9
1,111
-8.5
*
1.9
1,110
-29
617,325
Marijuana
443
50.5
441
40.8
441
-9.8
*
3.5
441
-19
247,510
Cocaine
443
46.6
432
31.8
432
-14.9
*
3.3
432
-32
210,195
Crack
382
58.0
378
39.7
379
-18.3
*
3.4
378
-32
222,926
Heroin
315
58.7
310
43.2
310
-15.5
*
3.4
310
-26
107,401
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
40.2
521
28.7
521
-11.4
*
3.1
521
-28
310,666
Health problems
437
33.3
434
19.3
434
-14.0
*
2.6
434
-42
223,196
Relationship problems
837
36.6
834
26.4
834
-10.2
*
1.4
834
-28
441,411
Pressure from employer
132
30.3
131
21.9
131
-8.4
3.7
131
n.s.
65,313
Financial problems
501
42.3
496
29.1
497
-13.3
*
2.2
496
-31
253,711
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
38.0
295
28.2
296
-9.9
*
2.1
295
-26
178,660
1 week - less than 1 month
473
33.6
470
23.8
470
-9.8
*
3.1
470
-29
237,451
1 month - less than 6 months
661
34.5
656
24.4
656
-10.1
*
2.6
656
-29
355,930
6 months or more
345
31.8
344
18.5
344
-13.3
*
2.9
344
-42
173,526
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
32.5
1,186
20.7
1,186
-11.8
*
1.9
1,186
-36
652,345
Treatment not completed
507
43.0
500
33.4
501
-9.7
*
2.6
500
-23
255,903
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
32.4
757
16.9
757
-15.5
*
2.2
757
-48
412,078
Somewhat/not helpful
977
37.6
968
30.7
969
-6.9
*
2.0
968
-18
514,926
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
25.7
529
15.6
529
-10.1
*
2.5
529
-39
315,486
1-2
708
35.6
704
25.6
704
-10.0
*
2.2
704
-28
366,736
3 or more
525
46.0
519
33.9
520
-12.1
*
2.2
519
-26
259,067
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
30.8
978
22.1
979
-8.8
*
2.3
978
-29
555,484
1-2
553
38.6
549
26.2
549
-12.4
*
2.1
549
-32
275,071
3 or more
244
45.5
242
30.8
242
-14.7
*
2.7
242
-32
120,941
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
28.2
836
16.1
836
-12.1
*
1.7
836
-43
485,147
1 or more
943
41.9
934
32.9
935
-9.0
*
2.0
934
-21
468,147
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-34. Percentage who engaged in prostitution/procurement during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage engaging in prostitution/procurement
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
12.8
1,790
9.5
1,790
-3.2
*
0.9
1790
-25
963,696
Sex
Male
1,251
10.7
1,244
7.9
1,244
-2.8
*
1.0
1,244
-26
688,017
Female
548
17.9
546
13.7
546
-4.2
*
1.7
546
-23
275,679
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
9.7
1,095
6.5
1,095
-3.2
*
1.0
1,095
-33
579,304
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
20.4
497
18.4
497
-2.0
2.2
497
n.s.
272,993
Hispanic
137
7.4
137
4.4
137
-3.0
*
1.1
137
-41
79,530
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
6.2
156
3.0
156
-3.2
2.5
156
n.s.
77,605
18 - 29
674
13.3
591
12.8
591
-0.5
1.4
591
n.s.
334,342
30 - 39
660
16.1
611
10.5
611
-5.6
*
1.9
611
-35
320,822
40 +
309
7.2
306
3.8
306
-3.4
*
1.3
306
-47
160,460
Education
1 to 9 years
306
12.7
304
9.8
304
-2.9
2.3
304
n.s.
171,919
10 to 11 years
487
13.0
485
12.2
485
-0.7
1.8
485
n.s.
267,835
12 years or GED
517
12.5
513
8.3
513
-4.2
*
2.0
513
-34
271,002
College/grad school
486
13.0
485
7.9
485
-5.1
*
1.9
485
-39
250,299
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
14.8
695
12.1
695
-2.7
1.7
695
n.s.
355,704
Residential
326
18.7
324
13.3
324
-5.4
3.1
324
n.s.
173,087
Outpatient methadone
217
22.4
215
18.3
215
-4.1
2.4
215
n.s.
47,530
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
7.1
556
4.4
556
-2.7
*
1.0
556
-38
387,375
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
12.0
1,112
7.9
1,112
-4.1
*
1.1
1,112
-34
618,179
Marijuana
443
13.2
442
7.9
442
-5.3
*
1.8
442
-40
248,061
Cocaine
443
30.5
431
23.5
431
-7.0
*
2.7
431
-23
210,423
Crack
382
21.1
379
15.3
379
-5.8
*
2.7
379
-27
222,743
Heroin
315
25.0
313
20.5
313
-4.4
*
1.6
313
-18
109,338
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
13.2
521
8.9
521
-4.3
*
1.4
521
-33
310,597
Health problems
437
16.1
433
10.9
433
-5.2
*
1.7
434
-32
222,594
Relationship problems
837
14.1
833
10.6
833
-3.5
*
1.2
833
-25
441,313
Pressure from employer
132
10.9
132
8.8
131
-2.2
2.6
132
n.s.
65,959
Financial problems
501
18.6
500
13.7
500
-4.9
2.0
500
n.s.
255,564
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
15.0
295
16.6
295
-1.6
1.5
295
n.s.
178,126
1 week - less than 1 month
473
15.7
471
10.4
471
-5.3
*
2.6
471
-34
237,853
1 month - less than 6 months
661
10.7
659
7.0
659
-3.7
*
1.5
659
-35
357,517
6 months or more
345
11.3
344
6.6
344
-4.7
*
1.5
344
-42
173,380
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
11.9
1,188
8.1
1,188
-3.7
*
1.1
1,188
-31
653,254
Treatment not completed
507
16.0
501
12.8
501
-3.3
*
1.6
501
-21
256,118
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
13.9
757
8.9
757
-5.0
*
1.8
757
-36
411,782
Somewhat/not helpful
977
12.4
971
10.2
971
-2.2
*
0.9
951
-18
516,346
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
6.1
530
2.4
530
-3.7
*
1.5
530
-61
315,888
1-2
708
11.2
705
10.4
704
-0.8
1.2
704
n.s.
366,736
3 or more
525
23.6
522
17.5
522
-6.1
*
2.1
519
-26
259,067
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
8.1
980
6.9
980
-1.2
1.1
980
n.s.
555,395
1-2
553
16.2
551
10.7
551
-5.4
*
1.5
551
-33
276,246
3 or more
244
26.8
243
19.2
243
-7.6
*
3.2
243
-28
121,767
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
9.0
838
4.9
838
-4.0
*
1.3
838
-44
486,457
1 or more
943
16.9
936
14.4
936
-2.5
*
1.4
936
-15
468,407
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-35. Percentage who engaged in theft/larceny during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage engaging in theft/larceny
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
27.3
1,791
17.3
1,788
-9.9
*
1.5
1787
-36
960,815
Sex
Male
1,251
27.5
1,243
18.0
1,242
-9.5
*
1.7
1,241
-35
686,024
Female
548
26.9
548
15.7
546
-11.0
*
2.2
546
-41
275,702
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
27.8
1,097
16.6
1,095
-11.1
*
1.9
1,095
-40
579,045
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
26.4
495
18.9
495
-7.4
*
2.2
494
-28
271,282
Hispanic
137
20.5
137
11.0
137
-9.5
5.0
137
n.s.
79,530
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
39.0
156
27.1
156
-12.0
7.0
156
n.s.
77,605
18 - 29
674
34.6
593
22.2
590
-12.2
*
3.1
590
-35
334,383
30 - 39
660
25.4
611
17.2
610
-8.1
*
1.5
610
-32
319,934
40 +
309
12.7
305
3.9
306
-8.8
*
2.4
305
-69
159,337
Education
1 to 9 years
306
26.7
305
22.0
304
-4.4
3.8
303
n.s.
172,205
10 to 11 years
487
33.3
485
19.5
484
-13.6
*
3.1
484
-41
267,324
12 years or GED
517
20.6
513
13.4
512
-7.2
*
2.0
512
-35
269,258
College/grad school
486
28.3
485
15.6
485
-12.7
*
2.4
485
-45
250,299
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
29.3
696
19.7
694
-9.4
*
2.4
694
-32
355,193
Residential
326
34.7
326
22.4
326
-12.3
*
3.1
326
-35
173,811
Outpatient methadone
217
38.3
215
28.1
214
-9.9
*
3.8
213
-26
47,343
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
20.8
554
11.5
554
-9.3
*
2.8
554
-45
385,379
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
25.5
1,114
14.4
1,112
-11.0
*
1.6
1,112
-43
617,306
Marijuana
443
35.6
443
23.4
441
-11.9
*
3.3
441
-33
247,550
Cocaine
443
39.0
432
29.0
430
-9.7
*
1.9
430
-25
210,515
Crack
382
34.1
381
21.0
379
-12.9
*
2.7
379
-38
222,255
Heroin
315
49.7
312
35.3
312
-14.3
*
3.6
311
-29
109,019
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
28.5
520
18.5
522
-10.0
*
2.9
522
-35
310,717
Health problems
437
32.0
436
18.5
434
-13.2
*
2.4
434
-41
222,806
Relationship problems
837
31.2
834
19.9
832
-11.2
*
2.0
832
-36
440,251
Pressure from employer
132
20.3
132
18.6
131
-1.5
3.1
131
n.s.
65,799
Financial problems
501
36.7
500
22.6
499
-14.1
*
2.8
499
-38
255,053
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
27.4
295
23.5
294
-3.4
2.2
293
n.s.
177,149
1 week - less than 1 month
473
33.1
471
16.6
470
-16.4
*
2.4
470
-50
237,693
1 month - less than 6 months
661
25.5
660
18.3
660
-7.1
*
2.3
660
-28
357,637
6 months or more
345
24.8
344
10.4
343
-14.4
*
3.4
343
-58
172,426
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
25.6
1,188
15.1
1,187
-10.3
*
1.8
1,187
-40
652,261
Treatment not completed
507
34.4
503
24.7
503
-9.4
*
2.2
502
-27
256,263
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
25.1
7,547
13.9
757
-11.0
*
1.8
756
-44
411,142
Somewhat/not helpful
977
29.7
973
20.7
971
-8.9
*
2.2
971
-30
515,978
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
20.8
529
10.0
529
-10.8
*
2.2
529
-52
314,802
1-2
708
23.2
705
16.0
704
-7.0
*
1.9
703
-30
366,023
3 or more
525
41.8
523
28.6
521
-13.0
*
2.9
521
-31
259,801
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
23.1
980
14.1
979
-8.9
*
0.8
979
-39
553,582
1-2
553
27.7
551
19.4
550
-8.1
*
0.9
552
-29
275,645
3 or more
244
46.3
243
28.1
242
-18.2
*
3.5
242
-39
121,607
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
22.9
837
10.5
837
-12.4
*
1.9
837
-54
485,523
1 or more
943
31.8
938
24.4
935
-7.3
*
2.3
934
-23
485,372
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-36. Percentage who engaged in breaking and entering during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage engaging in breaking and entering
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
13.6
1,792
8.4
1,793
-5.2
*
1.2
1792
-38
964,140
Sex
Male
1,251
16.7
1,244
10.1
1,245
-6.6
*
1.6
1,244
-40
687,538
Female
548
5.7
548
4.1
545
-1.6
1.3
548
n.s.
276,602
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
14.9
1,096
8.4
1,097
-6.5
*
1.4
1,096
-44
579,050
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
10.6
497
9.6
497
-1.0
2.0
497
n.s.
272,951
Hispanic
137
12.1
137
5.5
137
-6.6
5.1
137
n.s.
79,530
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
26.7
156
23.6
156
-3.1
6.4
156
n.s.
77,605
18 - 29
674
18.6
592
11.4
593
-7.2
*
2.1
592
-39
335,128
30 - 39
660
11.4
610
6.9
610
-4.5
*
1.8
610
-39
319,957
40 +
309
3.8
308
0.9
305
-2.9
*
1.3
308
-76
160,982
Education
1 to 9 years
306
17.6
306
13.5
306
-4.0
2.3
306
n.s.
173,263
10 to 11 years
487
15.0
484
8.4
484
-6.5
*
2.8
484
-43
267,189
12 years or GED
517
10.7
514
6.3
515
-4.4
*
1.3
514
-41
270,747
College/grad school
486
12.5
485
7.2
485
-5.3
*
2.0
485
-42
250,299
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
14.4
696
8.8
696
-5.6
*
1.7
696
-39
356,444
Residential
326
18.7
324
11.3
325
-7.4
*
3.0
324
-40
172,607
Outpatient methadone
217
19.1
216
10.8
216
-8.2
*
3.9
216
-43
47,712
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
9.9
556
6.5
556
-3.4
1.9
556
n.s.
387,375
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
13.8
1,114
7.1
1,115
-6.8
*
1.4
1,114
-49
618,841
Marijuana
443
23.9
442
14.1
443
-9.7
*
2.8
442
-41
248,243
Cocaine
443
17.3
432
15.1
432
-2.2
1.9
432
n.s.
210,720
Crack
382
17.6
379
10.7
379
-6.9
*
3.1
379
-39
222,926
Heroin
315
18.7
313
13.5
313
-5.2
2.4
313
n.s.
109,338
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
19.1
522
12.0
522
-7.2
*
2.1
522
-38
310,717
Health problems
437
16.1
436
8.4
436
-7.7
*
1.2
436
-48
224,059
Relationship problems
837
14.8
835
9.7
835
-5.1
2.0
835
n.s.
442,236
Pressure from employer
132
10.6
132
9.6
132
-1.0
2.5
132
n.s.
65,959
Financial problems
501
16.8
499
10.6
500
-6.1
*
2.1
499
-36
255,006
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
14.6
297
12.4
297
-2.2
2.7
297
n.s.
179,470
1 week - less than 1 month
473
14.9
470
6.6
471
-8.3
*
1.8
470
-56
237,295
1 month - less than 6 months
661
14.6
659
8.7
659
-5.8
*
2.0
659
-40
356,991
6 months or more
345
9.3
345
6.8
345
-2.6
2.4
345
n.s.
173,563
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
12.1
1,186
6.7
1,187
-5.4
*
1.6
1,186
-45
652,253
Treatment not completed
507
18.8
504
14.0
504
-4.8
*
1.8
504
-26
257,161
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
11.3
756
6.6
757
-4.7
*
1.8
756
-42
411,520
Somewhat/not helpful
977
15.6
973
10.2
973
-5.3
*
2.2
971
-34
516,649
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
9.2
529
3.5
529
-5.7
*
1.5
529
-62
315,486
1-2
708
10.9
705
7.6
706
-3.2
*
1.7
705
-29
366,680
3 or more
525
22.7
523
15.6
523
-7.1
*
2.3
523
-31
260,473
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
11.2
979
7.8
980
-3.4
*
1.3
979
-30
554,713
1-2
553
13.7
552
7.5
552
-6.2
*
1.7
552
-45
276,366
3 or more
244
23.7
243
13.4
243
-10.4
*
3.1
243
-44
121,767
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
10.5
837
3.2
837
-7.3
*
1.5
837
-70
486,056
1 or more
943
16.6
938
13.9
939
-2.7
1.6
935
n.s.
468,851
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-37. Percentage who violated parole during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage violating parole
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
16.6
1,788
20.9
1,784
4.3
*
1.4
1784
26
960,136
Sex
Male
1,251
19.2
1,242
24.6
1,239
5.4
*
1.7
1,239
28
685,082
Female
548
10.2
546
11.8
545
1.6
1.4
545
n.s.
275,054
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
18.1
1,094
20.8
1,093
2.8
1.7
1,093
n.s.
576,301
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
12.9
496
20.6
494
7.7
*
2.2
494
60
272,552
Hispanic
137
17.5
136
17.0
135
-0.7
3.1
135
n.s.
78,674
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
16.7
156
23.5
156
6.8
4.7
156
n.s.
77,605
18 - 29
674
21.3
591
27.1
590
5.8
*
2.5
590
27
334,853
30 - 39
660
16.2
608
21.6
607
5.4
*
2.4
607
33
317,355
40 +
309
7.4
307
7.7
306
0.3
2.0
306
n.s.
160,116
Education
1 to 9 years
306
21.2
306
26.1
305
4.8
2.8
305
n.s.
172,798
10 to 11 years
487
19.5
483
22.5
482
2.9
2.8
482
n.s.
265,404
12 years or GED
517
13.5
513
20.8
511
7.3
*
2.3
511
54
270,029
College/grad school
486
13.6
483
16.0
483
2.4
1.9
483
n.s.
249,264
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
18.4
694
20.1
692
1.6
1.8
692
n.s.
354,722
Residential
326
21.1
325
33.5
325
12.3
*
2.5
325
58
172,692
Outpatient methadone
217
22.6
214
21.4
213
-0.8
4.2
213
n.s.
47,132
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
12.2
555
15.9
554
3.7
2.0
554
n.s.
385,589
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
16.4
1,111
18.9
1,109
2.5
1.5
1,109
n.s.
615,722
Marijuana
443
22.3
442
28.5
442
6.2
*
3.0
442
28
248,458
Cocaine
443
19.4
429
26.9
428
7.5
*
3.0
428
39
209,605
Crack
382
21.1
378
26.9
376
5.7
2.6
376
n.s.
221,750
Heroin
315
25.9
311
29.2
311
3.3
4.4
311
n.s.
109,017
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
25.6
521
31.3
520
5.6
2.9
520
n.s.
308,931
Health problems
437
15.7
436
19.1
435
3.4
1.7
435
n.s.
223,148
Relationship problems
837
16.4
832
21.9
832
5.6
*
1.9
832
34
440,858
Pressure from employer
132
17.2
131
21.0
131
3.8
4.5
131
n.s.
65,799
Financial problems
501
21.8
497
25.6
497
3.8
2.3
497
n.s.
254,125
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
15.6
297
24.9
294
9.1
*
2.5
294
58
177,581
1 week - less than 1 month
473
21.3
468
23.6
468
2.2
2.8
468
n.s.
236,948
1 month - less than 6 months
661
16.2
658
20.9
657
4.7
*
2.0
657
29
356,343
6 months or more
345
12.4
345
12.0
345
-0.4
2.5
345
n.s.
173,563
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
14.6
1,183
16.8
1,180
2.2
1.4
1,180
n.s.
649,163
Treatment not completed
507
22.8
504
30.7
503
7.9
*
2.9
503
35
256,648
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
14.8
755
18.2
754
3.4
1.7
754
n.s.
410,637
Somewhat/not helpful
977
18.4
971
23.5
968
5.1
*
1.9
968
28
513,930
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
0
531
9.7
527
11.2
525
1.5
2.1
525
n.s.
313,812
1-2
708
15.6
705
21.3
704
5.7
*
2.0
704
37
355,092
3 or more
525
26.8
522
32.6
521
5.7
*
2.4
521
21
259,133
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
11.4
977
16.7
974
5.3
*
1.7
974
46
552,499
1-2
553
21.2
551
26.2
550
4.9
*
2.5
550
23
274,978
3 or more
244
30.9
243
28.9
243
2.0
2.0
243
n.s.
121,767
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
13.1
835
13.9
833
0.8
1.6
833
n.s.
484,382
1 or more
943
20.1
937
28.0
935
8.0
*
2.2
935
40
466,923
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or the p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-38. Percentage with Selected Lifestyle characteristics during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
Percentage
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
PercentageDifferencea
N
Had custody of children
37.5
1,774
41.0
1,767
3.5
*
1.7
1,766
9
947,257
Lost custody of children
7.7
1,799
5.4
1,799
-2.3
*
0.9
1,799
-30
967,012
Homeless at least two nights
21.8
1,795
14.4
1,794
-7.4
*
1.3
1,792
-34
963,821
Spent time in shelter
3.9
1,794
2.6
1,797
-1.3
0.7
1,793
n.s.
964,279
Spent time on street
10.3
1,799
6.2
1,799
-4.1
*
0.9
1,799
-40
967,012
Spent time both in shelter and
on street
7.4
1,799
5.5
1,799
-1.9
*
0.7
1,799
-26
967,012
Been attacked with weapon or seriously hit or beaten
31.8
1,795
24.9
1,790
-6.7
*
1.5
1,787
-21
960,378
Beaten seriously enough to see a doctor or to stay in bed
20.5
1,798
16.9
1,796
-3.6
*
1.5
1,795
-18
964,013
Injected drugs
23.1
1,799
14.3
1,799
-8.8
*
1.5
1,799
-38
967,012
Sad or depressed
53.9
1,796
53.1
1,796
-0.7
1.2
1,795
n.s.
965,346
Attempted suicide
15.2
1,798
8.6
1,796
-6.6
*
1.1
1,796
-43
965,811
Had hallucinations or delusions
18.8
1,791
16.4
1,797
-2.5
*
1.1
1,791
-13
964,067
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
Table B-39. Percentage who were employed full-time during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
n
Percentage employed full-time
Before
(n)
After
(n)
Differencea
Standard Error
(n)
Percentage Differencea
N
TOTAL SAMPLE
3,047
Total Interviewed
1,799
75.3
1,685
74.4
1,685
-0.8
2.6
1685
n.s.
911,992
Sex
Male
1,251
81.0
1,174
78.1
1,174
-2.8
2.1
1,174
n.s.
651,931
Female
548
61.3
511
65.3
511
4.0
4.2
511
n.s.
260,060
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
1,101
76.0
1,032
80.9
1,032
4.8
*
2.4
1,032
6
547,534
Black (non-Hispanic)
499
73.3
454
61.0
454
-12.5
*
3.1
454
-17
251,759
Hispanic
137
81.6
134
71.7
134
-9.9
*
5.0
134
-12
78,835
Age at Time of Discharge
Less than 18
156
25.4
133
89.5
133
64.1
*
5.1
133
252
65,986
18 - 29
674
74.2
570
78.1
570
3.9
3.0
570
n.s.
324,381
30 - 39
660
83.8
576
75.4
576
-8.3
*
2.1
576
-10
303,107
40 +
309
79.6
280
60.3
280
-19.3
*
3.7
280
-24
148,545
Education
1 to 9 years
306
72.0
290
64.8
290
-7.2
*
3.0
290
-10
166,025
10 to 11 years
487
71.5
446
70.5
446
-1.0
4.3
446
n.s.
249,453
12 years or GED
517
78.1
489
78.9
486
0.8
3.8
489
n.s.
257,024
College/grad school
486
79.7
453
81.3
453
1.6
3.7
453
n.s.
235,351
(page 1 of 3)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
700
75.3
657
71.4
657
-3.8
3.1
657
n.s.
338,973
Residential
326
80.0
310
76.7
310
-3.3
2.9
310
n.s.
166,943
Outpatient methadone
217
76.6
196
57.8
196
-18.8
*
4.8
196
-25
43,944
Outpatient nonmethadone
556
73.3
518
78.6
518
5.3
5.0
518
n.s.
360,635
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
Alcohol
1,117
76.6
1,044
76.3
1,044
-0.3
2.6
1,044
n.s.
584,493
Marijuana
443
75.6
416
81.8
416
6.2
5.0
416
n.s.
235,294
Cocaine
443
78.7
400
71.9
400
-6.8
3.2
400
n.s.
208,160
Crack
382
77.8
359
71.9
359
-5.9
2.5
359
n.s.
200,571
Heroin
315
72.9
290
54.5
290
-18.5
*
5.0
290
-25
103,696
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
Pressure from criminal justice system
522
78.4
500
79.1
500
0.7
3.7
500
n.s.
297,004
Health problems
437
75.2
397
66.5
397
-8.7
3.5
397
n.s.
204,161
Relationship problems
837
78.2
796
75.0
796
-3.2
2.7
796
n.s.
423,936
Pressure from employer
132
90.7
127
86.9
127
-3.8
5.0
127
n.s.
63,877
Financial problems
501
80.1
473
73.2
473
-7.0
3.0
473
n.s.
242,756
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
299
71.5
277
65.9
277
-5.5
4.2
277
n.s.
168,937
1 week - less than 1 month
473
79.5
450
76.3
450
-3.2
3.6
450
n.s.
226,588
1 month - less than 6 months
661
73.9
614
76.8
614
2.9
3.7
614
n.s.
334,495
6 months or more
345
75.6
320
74.7
320
0.9
5.2
320
n.s.
163,689
(page 2 of 3)
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
1,190
78.1
1,120
76.7
1,120
-1.5
2.5
1,120
n.s.
623,510
Treatment not completed
507
70.2
468
70.9
468
0.7
4.3
468
n.s.
238,028
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
Very helpful
759
78.4
717
76.5
717
-1.9
2.6
717
n.s.
4,557
Somewhat/not helpful
977
73.5
905
73.6
905
0.1
3.3
905
n.s.
3,668
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
0
984
74.2
929
76.4
929
2.2
3.3
929
n.s.
525,555
1-2
553
76.9
513
75.3
513
-1.6
2.9
513
n.s.
258,435
3 or more
244
77.7
224
66.2
224
-11.4
*
4.7
224
-15
116,170
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
0
839
76.3
790
78.3
790
2.0
3.6
790
n.s.
461,257
1 or more
943
74.6
877
71.3
877
-3.3
2.9
877
n.s.
440,621
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 3 of 3)
Table B-40. Percentage who received additional treatment after SROS episode and mean number of episodes
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
Characteristics
Percent receiving additional treatment
Mean number of additional episodes
N
Total
49.2
2.18
957,779
Sex
Male
48.8
2.28
683,190
Female
50.0
1.97
274,588
Race/Ethnicity
White (non-Hispanic)
49.0
2.17
574,630
Black (non-Hispanic)
53.3
2.10
273,092
Hispanic
37.8
2.59
77,446
Age
Less than 18
48.1
1.77
77,604
18 to 29
49.4
2.27
379,861
30 to 39
53.0
2.20
342,402
40 +
40.9
2.14
157,910
Number of Prior Treatment Episodes
0
43.1
1.94
555,009
1-2
52.7
1.99
274,483
3 or more
69.6
3.20
121,500
(page 1 of 2)
Self-Reported Treatment Type
Inpatient
57.9
2.50
354,410
Residential
53.7
2.00
170,900
Outpatient methadone
68.8
2.07
47,172
Outpatient nonmethadone
36.7
1.87
385,297
Length of Stay
Less than 1 week
64.9
2.78
176,006
1 week - less than 1 month
50.9
2.06
235,700
1 month - less than 6 months
45.4
1.95
355,690
6 months or more
40.1
1.92
173,563
Completion of Treatment
Treatment completed
47.0
2.16
650,064
Treatment not completed
55.6
2.21
256,748
Main Drug at Time of Intakea
Alcohol
47.5
2.16
614,937
Marijuana
47.9
2.27
248,531
Cocaine
63.4
2.27
222,384
Crack
60.9
2.51
212,232
Heroin
76.7
2.64
107,783
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
a Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
(page 2 of 2)
Table B-41. Correlates of alcohol use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.15
0.18
0.19
Observations Used in Analysis
1,763
1,408
1,377
Weighted Count
948,409
788,698
771,897
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Odds ratios1
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
0.84
*
0.89
*
0.87
*
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
1.00
*
1.00
*
1.00
*
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
10.91
*
11.13
*
10.70
*
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
1.02
0.90
0.94
Used crack before Tx vs not
0.90
0.79
0.76
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
1.07
0.97
0.96
Used heroin before Tx vs not
1.19
1.30
1.16
Male vs female
1.43
*
1.42
1.45
Black vs white
1.46
1.49
1.62
Hispanic vs white
0.54
*
0.57
*
0.59
*
Other race vs white
0.66
0.54
0.57
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
0.88
*
0.96
0.97
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
0.77
0.79
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
0.73
0.88
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
0.55
*
0.64
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
0.33
*
0.38
*
Counselor understood client vs not
0.74
*
0.73
*
Used drugs during Tx vs not
2.03
*
1.90
*
Facility revenue per patient
1.00
1.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
1.43
1.48
Residential vs inpatient
1.04
1.03
Methadone vs inpatient
0.40
*
0.42
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
0.80
0.90
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
1.30
*
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
1.00
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means alcohol use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
alcohol use becomes less likely.* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-42. Correlates of any drug use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.35
0.39
0.42
Observations Used in Analysis
1,770
1,414
1,383
Weighted Count
952,310
791,647
774,847
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Odds ratios1
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
0.96
0.98
0.97
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
1.00
1.00
1.00
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
0.48
*
0.44
*
0.41
*
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
5.53
*
5.21
*
5.64
*
Used crack before Tx vs not
1.73
*
1.67
*
1.48
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
1.72
*
1.63
*
1.54
*
Used heroin before Tx vs not
5.21
*
4.26
*
2.94
*
Male vs female
1.62
*
1.70
*
1.72
*
Black vs white
1.15
1.06
1.13
Hispanic vs white
0.61
0.52
0.49
Other race vs white
1.51
1.22
1.23
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
1.12
*
1.20
1.19
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
0.61
*
0.67
*
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
0.59
*
0.74
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
0.83
0.99
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
0.42
*
0.50
*
Counselor understood client vs not
1.17
1.22
Used drugs during Tx vs not
3.13
*
3.00
*
Facility revenue per patient
1.00
1.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
1.31
1.27
Residential vs inpatient
1.28
1.36
Methadone vs inpatient
1.97
2.48
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
0.66
0.82
Post-Treatment Variables
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
1.58
*
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
0.99
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means drug use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
drug use becomes less likely.* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-43. Correlates of marijuana use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.43
0.48
0.48
Observations Used in Analysis
1,756
1,402
1,371
Weighted Count
943,842
784,113
767,313
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Odds ratios1
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
0.82
*
0.84
*
0.84
*
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
1.00
*
1.00
1.00
*
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
1.04
0.85
0.74
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
24.29
*
28.79
*
30.57
*
Used crack before Tx vs not
0.93
0.98
0.86
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
1.48
*
1.43
1.39
Used heroin before Tx vs not
1.12
1.14
1.08
Male vs female
2.10
*
2.53
*
2.56
*
Black vs white
1.09
1.26
1.31
Hispanic vs white
0.57
0.62
0.57
Other race vs white
2.36
2.12
2.12
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
1.03
1.14
1.13
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
0.77
0.78
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
0.71
0.77
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
1.19
1.23
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
0.50
*
0.48
*
Counselor understood client vs not
1.26
1.25
Used drugs during Tx vs not
3.71
*
3.86
*
Facility revenue per patient
1.00
1.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
1.49
1.49
Residential vs inpatient
0.98
1.14
Methadone vs inpatient
0.84
0.87
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
1.12
1.17
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
1.14
*
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
1.00
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means marijuana use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
marijuana use becomes less likely.* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-44. Correlates of cocaine use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.22
0.25
0.26
Observations Used in Analysis
1,767
1,412
1,381
Weighted Count
951,032
790,876
774,075
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Odds ratios1
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear
0.93
0.98
0.97
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
1.00
1.00
1.00
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
1.15
1.14
0.98
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
1.88
*
1.86
*
2.03
*
Used crack before Tx vs not
0.77
0.79
0.77
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
8.58
*
7.54
*
7.39
*
Used heroin before Tx vs not
2.41
*
2.03
*
1.84
*
Male vs female
1.15
1.28
1.26
Black vs white
1.26
1.23
1.26
Hispanic vs white
1.32
1.17
1.08
Other race vs white
0.90
0.79
0.76
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
1.00
1.08
1.08
Treatment
Completed treatment vs not
0.79
0.79
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
0.72
0.83
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
0.92
1.01
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
0.34
*
0.37
*
Counselor understood client vs not
0.99
0.99
Used drugs during Tx vs not
3.00
*
2.92
*
Facility revenue per patient
1.00
1.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
1.03
0.99
Residential vs inpatient
0.87
0.88
Methadone vs inpatient
1.48
1.58
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
0.61
0.68
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
1.09
*
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
1.01
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means cocaine use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
cocaine use becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-45. Correlates of crack use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.27
0.29
0.32
Observations Used in Analysis
1,764
1,408
1,378
Weighted Count
948,481
787,817
771,621
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Odds ratios1
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
1.03
1.06
1.05
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
1.00
1.00
1.00
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
1.23
1.23
1.07
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
1.49
1.35
1.45
Used crack before Tx vs not
8.41
*
7.61
*
7.46
*
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
1.58
*
1.48
1.45
Used heroin before Tx vs not
1.02
1.00
0.87
Male vs female
1.12
1.21
1.20
Black vs white
1.93
*
1.72
*
1.79
*
Hispanic vs white
0.92
0.84
0.83
Other race vs white
0.92
0.64
0.59
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
1.06
1.26
1.25
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
0.86
0.87
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
0.66
0.77
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
1.04
1.17
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
0.54
0.59
Counselor understood client vs not
1.27
1.25
Used drugs during Tx vs not
2.32
*
2.03
*
Facility revenue per patient
1.00
1.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
0.73
0.75
Residential vs inpatient
0.79
0.84
Methadone vs inpatient
0.69
0.73
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
0.47
*
0.54
*
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
1.26
*
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
1.00
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means crack use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
crack use becomes less likely.* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-46. Correlates of heroin use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.44
0.47
0.47
Observations Used in Analysis
1,767
1,411
1,380
Weighted Count
949,937
789,274
772,474
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Odds ratios1
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
0.99
1.03
1.01
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
1.00
1.00
1.00
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
0.68
0.68
0.66
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
0.90
0.76
0.72
Used crack before Tx vs not
0.92
0.84
0.72
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
1.95
*
1.97
1.93
Used heroin before Tx vs not
48.91
*
47.94
*
44.26
*
Male vs female
1.27
1.34
1.43
Black vs white
1.21
1.31
1.39
Hispanic vs white
2.27
*
1.62
1.51
Other race vs white
0.69
0.57
0.55
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
1.20
0.93
0.90
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
0.62
0.62
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
1.05
1.16
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
1.16
1.26
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
1.01
1.11
Counselor understood client vs not
0.73
*
0.75
Used drugs during Tx vs not
2.34
*
2.32
*
Facility revenue per patient
1.00
1.00
*
Facility revenue above median vs below
1.77
1.88
Residential vs inpatient
0.63
0.64
Methadone vs inpatient
0.46
0.49
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
0.29
*
0.32
*
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
1.07
*
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
1.02
*
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means heroin use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
heroin use becomes less likely.* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-47. Correlates of alcohol use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of OLS regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.13
0.15
0.15
Observations Used in Analysis
1,747
1,397
1,370
Weighted Count
943,093
784,637
769,838
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Coefficients
Intercept
8.13
9.49
9.05
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
-0.18
-0.09
-0.10
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
0.00
0.00
0.00
Days/month used alcohol before Tx
0.30
*
0.28
*
0.28
*
Days/month used marijuana before Tx
0.03
0.01
0.02
Days/month used crack before Tx
0.03
0.03
0.02
Days/month used cocaine before Tx
-0.02
-0.04
-0.04
Days/month used heroin before Tx
0.14
*
0.18
*
0.18
*
Male vs female
1.61
*
0.96
0.91
Black vs white
1.42
*
0.95
0.94
Hispanic vs white
-1.51
-1.78
*
-1.86
Other race vs white
0.28
-0.09
-0.14
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
-0.35
-0.21
-0.18
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
-0.64
-0.76
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs < 1 month
-2.21
*
-1.82
*
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 month
-3.32
*
-3.15
*
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 month
-5.34
*
-5.11
*
Counselor understood client
0.08
0.14
Used drugs during Tx vs not
3.10
*
2.89
*
Facility revenue per patient
0.00
0.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
0.92
0.95
Residential vs inpatient
0.99
0.20
Methadone vs inpatient
-2.93
0.03
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
0.14
1.17
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
-3.19
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
0.40
* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-48. Correlates of marijuana use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of OLS regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.25
0.27
0.28
Observations Used in Analysis
1,739
1,388
1,360
Weighted Count
936,875
777,467
762,160
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Coefficients
Intercept
8.88
5.88
5.15
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
-0.43
*
-0.38
*
-0.38
*
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
0.00
*
0.00
*
0.00
*
Days/month used alcohol before Tx
0.03
0.03
0.03
Days/month used marijuana before Tx
0.33
*
0.29
*
0.29
*
Days/month used crack before Tx
0.01
0.00
-0.01
Days/month used cocaine before Tx
0.00
0.02
0.02
Days/month used heroin before Tx
0.02
0.04
0.03
Male vs female
1.62
*
1.89
*
1.81
*
Black vs white
0.19
0.09
0.15
Hispanic vs white
-0.44
-0.37
-0.37
Other race vs white
1.76
0.26
0.20
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
0.13
0.49
0.53
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
-0.08
-0.12
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs < 1 month
-1.38
-1.00
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 month
-0.86
-0.63
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 month
-1.81
-1.51
Counselor understood client vs not
0.29
0.30
Used drugs during Tx vs not
3.11
*
2.96
*
Facility revenue per patient
0.00
0.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
0.33
0.34
Residential vs inpatient
1.07
0.41
Methadone vs inpatient
-1.09
0.01
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
0.95
1.37
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
-1.01
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
1.31
* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-49. Correlates of crack use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of OLS regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.24
0.26
0.29
Observations Used in Analysis
1,751
1,400
1,372
Weighted Count
944,764
785,356
770,050
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Coefficients
Intercept
3.09
4.63
3.62
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
-0.11
-0.11
-0.14
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
0.00
0.00
0.00
Days/month used alcohol before Tx
0.01
-0.01
0.00
Days/month used marijuana before Tx
0.04
*
0.02
0.03
Days/month used crack before Tx
0.36
*
0.39
*
0.37
*
Days/month used cocaine before Tx
0.04
0.04
0.03
Days/month used heroin before Tx
0.02
0.01
-0.02
Male vs female
-0.20
0.13
0.06
Black vs white
1.38
*
0.97
1.16
*
Hispanic vs white
0.02
0.33
0.17
Other race vs white
0.69
-0.84
-0.89
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
0.18
*
0.64
*
0.68
*
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
-0.63
-0.60
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs < 1 month
-0.67
-0.18
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 month
-0.56
-0.13
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 month
-1.15
-0.68
Counselor understood client vs not
-0.44
-0.44
Used drugs during Tx vs not
1.50
*
1.09
Facility revenue per patient
0.00
0.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
-0.44
-0.37
Residential vs inpatient
-0.67
0.79
*
Methadone vs inpatient
-0.49
0.00
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
-0.74
-0.58
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
0.04
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
-0.17
* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-50. Correlates of cocaine use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of OLS regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.24
0.25
0.26
Observations Used in Analysis
1,750
1,400
1,372
Weighted Count
945,948
787,047
771,741
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Coefficients
Intercept
1.23
1.57
1.36
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
-0.06
-0.02
-0.04
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
0.00
0.00
0.00
Days/month used alcohol before Tx
0.00
-0.01
-0.01
Days/month used marijuana before Tx
0.02
0.02
0.01
Days/month used crack before Tx
0.01
-0.01
-0.01
Days/month used cocaine before Tx
0.30
*
0.30
*
0.29
*
Days/month used heroin before Tx
0.14
*
0.13
*
0.12
*
Male vs female
0.27
0.52
0.52
Black vs white
0.84
0.83
0.94
Hispanic vs white
1.33
1.13
0.80
Other race vs white
0.37
0.36
0.38
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
0.06
0.04
0.04
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
-0.69
-0.72
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs < 1 month
-0.61
-0.43
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 month
-0.41
-0.33
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 month
-1.61
*
-1.49
*
Counselor understood client vs not
-0.27
-0.35
Used drugs during Tx vs not
1.59
*
1.53
*
Facility revenue per patient
0.00
0.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
-0.22
-0.15
Residential vs inpatient
-0.06
0.27
Methadone vs inpatient
0.40
0.02
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
0.11
0.25
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
0.78
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
0.54
* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-51. Correlates of heroin use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of OLS regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.49
0.48
0.46
Observations Used in Analysis
1,749
1,399
1,371
Weighted Count
944,001
784,937
769,631
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Coefficients
Intercept
-0.58
-0.43
-0.43
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
0.04
0.14
*
0.13
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
0.00
0.00
0.00
Days/month used alcohol before Tx
-0.01
-0.01
-0.01
Days/month used marijuana before Tx
0.01
0.00
0.00
Days/month used crack before Tx
-0.02
-0.02
-0.03
Days/month used cocaine before Tx
0.04
0.04
0.04
Days/month used heroin before Tx
0.58
*
0.56
*
0.54
*
Male vs female
0.04
0.07
0.06
Black vs white
0.46
0.51
0.55
Hispanic vs white
0.77
0.59
0.41
Other race vs white
0.56
0.76
0.77
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
0.00
-0.50
*
-0.52
*
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
-1.16
*
-1.13
*
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs < 1 month
-0.31
-0.35
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 month
-0.12
-0.10
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 month
0.06
0.17
Counselor understood client vs not
0.47
*
0.39
Used drugs during Tx vs not
0.63
*
0.64
*
Facility revenue per patient
0.00
*
0.00
*
Facility revenue above median vs below
0.41
0.47
Residential vs inpatient
-0.37
0.16
Methadone vs inpatient
-1.20
0.01
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
-1.12
-0.42
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
-0.99
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
-1.00
* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-52. Correlates of drug selling in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.31
0.35
0.35
Observations Used in Analysis
1,777
1,424
1,392
Weighted Count
957,382
797,924
779,973
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Odds ratios1
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
0.84
*
0.84
*
0.83
*
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
1.00
*
1.00
*
1.00
*
Sell drugs before Tx vs not
10.49
*
9.49
*
9.68
*
Prostitution before Tx vs not
0.99
1.06
1.01
Larceny before Tx vs not
1.75
*
1.84
*
1.79
*
Break/enter before Tx vs not
1.22
1.15
1.16
Male vs female
1.42
*
1.62
*
1.54
*
Black vs white
1.54
*
1.65
*
1.67
*
Hispanic vs white
1.16
0.90
0.88
Other race vs white
1.02
0.74
0.74
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
1.04
1.13
1.11
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
0.92
0.90
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
0.59
*
0.68
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
0.41
*
0.45
*
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
0.26
*
0.28
*
Counselor understood client vs not
1.06
1.05
Used drugs during Tx vs not
2.80
*
2.80
*
Facility revenue per patient
1.00
1.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
1.16
1.15
Residential vs inpatient
1.04
1.09
Methadone vs inpatient
1.40
1.39
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
1.31
1.40
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
1.11
*
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
1.00
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means drug selling becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
drug selling becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-53. Correlates of prostitution/procurement in the five years after treatment (Tx)Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.33
0.4
0.41
Observations Used in Analysis
1,777
1,424
1,392
Weighted Count
957,382
797,924
779,973
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Odds ratios1
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
1.01
1.01
0.99
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
1.00
1.00
1.00
Sell drugs before Tx vs not
1.06
0.80
0.79
Prostitution before Tx vs not
24.78
*
33.45
*
30.27
*
Larceny before Tx vs not
1.09
0.97
0.88
Break/enter before Tx vs not
1.95
*
2.48
*
2.75
*
Male vs female
0.61
0.45
*
0.41
*
Black vs white
3.10
*
2.83
*
3.13
*
Hispanic vs white
0.84
0.92
0.79
Other race vs white
0.07
*
0.03
*
0.03
*
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
1.03
1.32
1.34
Treatment
Completed treatment vs not
1.08
1.03
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
0.31
*
0.37
*
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
0.16
*
0.18
*
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
0.14
*
0.18
*
Counselor understood client vs not
0.88
0.86
Used drugs during Tx vs not
2.59
*
2.41
*
Facility revenue per patient
1.00
1.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
1.77
1.90
Residential vs inpatient
1.21
1.34
Methadone vs inpatient
1.28
1.25
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
0.65
0.69
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
1.13
*
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
1.01
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means prostitution/procurement becomes more likely; an odds ratio below
1.00 means prostitution/procurement becomes less likely.* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-54. Correlates of larceny/theft in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.23
0.25
0.29
Observations Used in Analysis
1,774
1,423
1,391
Weighted Count
956,660
797,412
779,462
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Odds ratios1
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
1.04
1.05
1.00
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
1.00
1.00
1.00
Sell drugs before Tx vs not
1.01
0.73
0.68
Prostitution before Tx vs not
1.57
*
1.39
1.17
Larceny before Tx vs not
6.96
*
7.03
*
6.89
*
Break/enter before Tx vs not
2.08
*
2.03
*
2.14
*
Male vs female
1.14
1.28
1.25
Black vs white
1.42
1.22
1.40
Hispanic vs white
0.74
0.54
0.47
Other race vs white
1.77
1.48
1.57
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
1.14
1.11
1.04
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
0.93
0.92
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
0.41
*
0.53
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
0.64
0.81
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
0.33
*
0.41
*
Counselor understood client vs not
1.00
0.98
Used drugs during Tx vs not
2.25
*
2.12
*
Facility revenue per patient
1.00
1.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
1.17
1.20
Residential vs inpatient
1.06
1.16
Methadone vs inpatient
1.19
1.20
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
0.39
*
0.44
*
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
1.23
*
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
1.02
*
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means larceny/theft becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means larceny/theft becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-55. Correlates of breaking and entering in the five years after
treatment (Tx) Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
MODEL 3
Multiple R-Squared
0.27
0.28
0.36
Observations Used in Analysis
1,777
1,424
1,392
Weighted Count
957,382
797,924
779,973
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Odds ratios1
Pre-Treatment
Age in years (linear)
0.86
0.88
0.82
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
1.00
1.00
1.00
Sell drugs before Tx vs not
1.36
1.35
1.43
Prostitution before Tx vs not
3.10
*
2.89
*
2.66
*
Larceny before Tx vs not
1.68
1.92
*
1.45
Break/enter before Tx vs not
7.39
*
6.17
*
8.58
*
Male vs female
2.20
*
2.25
*
2.20
*
Black vs white
1.88
*
2.01
*
2.72
*
Hispanic vs white
0.72
1.08
0.88
Other race vs white
0.18
0.29
0.28
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
1.27
*
1.13
1.07
Treatment
Completed treatment plan vs not
0.77
0.75
LOS 1 week top 1 month vs < 1 week
0.39
*
0.58
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 week
0.61
0.89
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 week
0.77
1.13
Counselor understood client vs not
0.99
0.92
Used drugs during Tx vs not
2.16
1.97
Facility revenue per patient
1.00
1.00
Facility revenue above median vs below
0.50
0.44
Residential vs inpatient
1.03
1.08
Methadone vs inpatient
1.14
1.30
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
0.76
1.01
Post-Treatment
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
1.27
*
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
1.02
*
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means breaking and entering becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00
means breaking and entering becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
This page was last updated on
June 03, 2008.
SAMHSA, an agency in the Department of Health and Human Services, is the Federal
Government's lead agency for improving the quality and availability of
substance abuse prevention, addiction treatment, and mental health
services in the United States.