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To test the difference between the prevalence rates of two substate regions in a particular State, say region 1 (with the lowest estimate) and region 2 (with the highest estimate), let π1 and π2 denote the respective prevalence rates. For testing the hypothesis π2 = π1 (or π2 – π1 = 0), the difference between π1 and π2 is defined in terms of the log-odds ratio (lor) as opposed to the simple difference because the posterior distribution of the lor is closer to a Gaussian distribution than the posterior distribution of the simple difference (π2 – π1).
The method used here to test the hypothesis of no difference between two substate regions, based on their 2004-2006 substate small area estimates, is similar to the method used to test the hypothesis of no change between the 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 State small area estimates in the 2005-2006 State small area estimation (SAE) report. For details, see Section A.10 of Appendix A in Hughes, Sathe, and Spagnola (2008).
The lor is defined as follows:lor = log{[π2/(1 – π2)] ÷ [π1/(1 – π1)]}.
The above hypothesis, π2 – π1 = 0, is now transformed to testing lor = 0. To compute the posterior variance of lor, we define the lor for each of the 1,250 Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) cycles as follows:
li = log{[p2i/(1 – p2i)] ÷ [p1i/(1 – p1i)]},
where i = 1, 2,…,1,250.= log{[p2 /(1 – p2)] ÷ [p1 /(1 – p1)]},
where and The variance of is approximated by where
To calculate the p value for testing the null hypothesis of no difference (lor = 0), it is assumed that the posterior distribution of lor is normal with mean = and variance = v.
With the null value of lor = 0, the Bayes p value or posterior probability of no difference is given by p value = 2*P[Z ≥ abs(z)], where Z is a standard normal random variate, and abs(z) denotes the absolute value of z.
Note that the unbenchmarked estimates of the prevalence rates of the 2004-2006 substate regions (Office of Applied Studies, 2008) were used in this significance testing. Testing π2 = π1 is similar to testing θ2 = θ1, where θ2 = π2 + Δ and θ1 = π1 + Δ are the respective benchmarked estimates. For details on benchmarking, see Section A.4 of Appendix A in Hughes et al. (2008).
For all States that had aggregate regions defined (e.g., New York and Texas), the prevalence rates for aggregate regions were calculated by aggregating the corresponding substate region estimates. Hence, the aggregate region-level estimates are more centered, unlike the substate region estimates. For this reason, aggregate regions were excluded from the significance testing of the difference between the highest and the lowest prevalence estimates in substate regions within a State.
Hughes, A., Sathe, N., & Spagnola, K. (2008). State estimates of substance use from the 2005-2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (DHHS Publication No. SMA 08-4311, NSDUH Series H-33). Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies. [Available at http://oas.samhsa.gov/states.htm]
Office of Applied Studies. (2008, June). Substate estimates from the 2004-2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. [Available at http://oas.samhsa.gov/substate.cfm]
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
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Alabama | Region 1 | 6.43 | Region 2 | 8.05 | 0.152 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 9.94 | Urban | 12.41 | 0.173 |
Arizona | Rural South | 6.20b | Pima | 8.55 | 0.094 |
Arkansas | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 7.31 | Area 9 | 8.55 | 0.359 |
California | Region 6 (Santa Clara) | 7.49a | Region 1 | 13.64 | 0.001 |
Colorado | Region 4 | 7.85 | Regions 2 and 7 | 10.05 | 0.129 |
Connecticut | Southwest | 7.70b | Eastern | 10.26 | 0.091 |
Delaware | Sussex | 7.35a | Wilmington City | 10.95 | 0.029 |
District of Columbia | Ward 4 | 7.72a | Ward 1 | 12.20 | 0.028 |
Florida | Circuit 5 | 6.01a | Circuit 2 | 12.91 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 4 | 6.38a | Region 3 | 9.15 | 0.035 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 6.89a | Maui | 10.25 | 0.022 |
Idaho | Region 5 | 5.85b | Region 4 | 8.00 | 0.094 |
Illinois | Region IV | 6.37a | Region I (Cook) | 8.85 | 0.006 |
Indiana | Northeast | 6.15a | Central | 9.10 | 0.028 |
Iowa | Northwest | 4.80a | Central | 7.37 | 0.027 |
Kansas | South Central | 5.63a | Kansas City Metro | 8.46 | 0.022 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 6.19a | Seven Counties | 9.04 | 0.029 |
Louisiana | Region 4 | 6.56b | Region 1 | 9.53 | 0.061 |
Maine | Midcoast | 8.25 | Cumberland | 10.45 | 0.154 |
Maryland | West | 5.31a | Baltimore City | 9.46 | 0.004 |
Massachusetts | Metrowest | 8.51a | Boston | 12.14 | 0.023 |
Michigan | St. Clair | 7.19a | Detroit City | 11.96 | 0.002 |
Minnesota | Regions 5 and 6 | 6.44a | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 9.84 | 0.016 |
Mississippi | Region 3 | 5.72b | Region 7 | 8.19 | 0.059 |
Missouri | Southwest | 6.54b | Eastern (St. Louis City and County) | 8.82 | 0.066 |
Montana | Region 1 | 7.68a | Region 5 | 13.84 | 0.000 |
Nebraska | Region 4 | 5.25a | Region 6 | 7.74 | 0.029 |
Nevada | Rural | 8.31 | Washoe | 9.62 | 0.387 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 7.78b | Central 1 | 10.21 | 0.068 |
New Jersey | Northern | 6.11a | Southern | 8.47 | 0.040 |
New Mexico | Region 4 | 7.65b | Region 2 | 10.65 | 0.064 |
New York | Region 4 | 7.07a | Region 3 | 12.59 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | South Central | 6.67 | Western | 7.71 | 0.342 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 4.91a | Southeast | 7.29 | 0.033 |
Ohio | Boards 20, 32, 54, and 69 | 5.62a | Board 31 (Hamilton) | 10.05 | 0.001 |
Oklahoma | Northwest and Southwest | 7.28 | Tulsa County | 9.70 | 0.104 |
Oregon | Region 5 | 8.19a | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 12.51 | 0.017 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 5.58a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 11.19 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 9.41b | Washington | 12.18 | 0.091 |
South Carolina | Region 3 | 6.52 | Region 2 | 7.72 | 0.321 |
South Dakota | Region 5 | 6.05 | Region 4 | 7.73 | 0.221 |
Tennessee | Region 6 | 7.21a | Region 4 (Davidson) | 11.04 | 0.026 |
Texas | Region 11c (Hidalgo) | 5.33a | Region 7a | 9.53 | 0.000 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 5.38a | Salt Lake County | 8.49 | 0.014 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 9.87a | Champlain Valley | 12.97 | 0.042 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 6.57 | Region 3 | 7.51 | 0.438 |
Washington | Region 5 | 7.62a | Region 4 (King) | 10.53 | 0.049 |
West Virginia | Northern A and B | 6.49a | Northern C and D | 10.75 | 0.007 |
Wisconsin | Northeastern | 6.74 | Milwaukee | 8.77 | 0.126 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 5 | 6.17a | Judicial District 2 | 11.01 | 0.001 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
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Alabama | Region 1 | 3.48 | Region 2 | 4.69 | 0.130 |
Alaska | Rural | 3.30 | Urban | 4.61 | 0.112 |
Arizona | Rural South | 3.27 | Pima | 4.50 | 0.211 |
Arkansas | Areas 5 and 6 | 4.03 | Areas 1 and 2 | 4.91 | 0.352 |
California | Region 11 (Los Angeles) | 3.15b | Region 1 | 4.60 | 0.051 |
Colorado | Region 4 | 3.88 | Regions 5 and 6 | 4.69 | 0.430 |
Connecticut | South Central | 3.51 | Eastern | 4.54 | 0.218 |
Delaware | Sussex | 3.27 | Wilmington City | 4.38 | 0.256 |
District of Columbia | Ward 7 | 2.75a | Ward 2 | 5.06 | 0.014 |
Florida | Circuit 5 | 3.16a | Circuit 1 | 5.44 | 0.017 |
Georgia | Region 3 | 3.12 | Region 1 | 4.09 | 0.206 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 2.85 | Maui | 3.06 | 0.738 |
Idaho | Region 5 | 2.76 | Region 4 | 3.94 | 0.131 |
Illinois | Region III | 2.72b | Region I (Cook) | 3.65 | 0.088 |
Indiana | Northeast | 3.21 | Central | 4.42 | 0.163 |
Iowa | Northwest | 2.42b | Central | 3.77 | 0.076 |
Kansas | South Central | 2.81 | Wichita (Sedgwick) | 4.15 | 0.102 |
Kentucky | Adanta, Cumberland River, and Lifeskills | 3.56 | Bluegrass, Comprehend, and North Key | 4.12 | 0.498 |
Louisiana | Region 4 | 3.54b | Regions 2 and 9 | 5.11 | 0.092 |
Maine | Midcoast | 3.00 | York | 3.48 | 0.521 |
Maryland | Prince George's | 2.51 | Baltimore City | 3.79 | 0.124 |
Massachusetts | Metrowest | 3.39a | Boston | 5.35 | 0.037 |
Michigan | Northern | 3.11a | Genesee | 4.83 | 0.037 |
Minnesota | Regions 3 and 4 | 2.67 | Regions 1 and 2 | 3.71 | 0.170 |
Mississippi | Region 3 | 3.04 | Region 7 | 4.05 | 0.223 |
Missouri | Southwest | 3.44 | Central | 4.13 | 0.375 |
Montana | Region 1 | 3.09 | Region 5 | 4.34 | 0.132 |
Nebraska | Region 5 | 2.85 | Region 6 | 3.61 | 0.257 |
Nevada | Clark | 3.90 | Washoe | 4.17 | 0.738 |
New Hampshire | Southern 2 | 2.75b | Central 2 | 4.00 | 0.096 |
New Jersey | Northern | 3.03 | Metropolitan | 3.76 | 0.306 |
New Mexico | Region 4 | 3.81 | Region 3 (Bernalillo) | 4.42 | 0.462 |
New York | Region 4 | 2.78a | Region 12 | 4.61 | 0.019 |
North Carolina | South Central | 3.17b | Western | 4.52 | 0.084 |
North Dakota | Badlands and West Central | 2.40 | Northeast | 2.93 | 0.385 |
Ohio | Boards 7, 15, 41, 79, and 84 | 2.90 | Board 31 (Hamilton) | 4.07 | 0.109 |
Oklahoma | Northwest and Southwest | 3.77 | Tulsa County | 4.79 | 0.303 |
Oregon | Region 3 | 3.17 | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 4.08 | 0.209 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 19, 26, 28, and 42 | 2.46a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 4.06 | 0.015 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 3.81 | Washington | 5.16 | 0.134 |
South Carolina | Region 3 | 2.78 | Region 2 | 3.96 | 0.103 |
South Dakota | Region 6 | 2.29 | Region 4 | 3.21 | 0.189 |
Tennessee | Region 6 | 3.60b | Region 4 (Davidson) | 5.45 | 0.093 |
Texas | Region 11c (Hidalgo) | 3.17a | Region 7a | 5.30 | 0.015 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 3.55 | Davis County | 4.26 | 0.425 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 3.25b | Champlain Valley | 4.58 | 0.065 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 2.95 | Region 3 | 3.87 | 0.211 |
Washington | Region 6 | 3.55 | Region 3 | 4.00 | 0.592 |
West Virginia | South Central III | 3.54a | Northern C and D | 5.64 | 0.027 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 3.10 | Western | 3.55 | 0.542 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 5 | 3.44 | Judicial District 2 | 4.40 | 0.293 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
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Alabama | Region 1 | 3.96 | Region 2 | 5.27 | 0.101 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 8.23 | Urban | 10.42 | 0.182 |
Arizona | Rural South | 4.11 | Pima | 5.61 | 0.143 |
Arkansas | Areas 3 and 4 | 4.87 | Area 9 | 6.49 | 0.137 |
California | Region 6 (Santa Clara) | 5.17a | Region 1 | 11.32 | 0.000 |
Colorado | Region 4 | 5.01a | Regions 2 and 7 | 7.88 | 0.013 |
Connecticut | Southwest | 6.26b | Eastern | 8.80 | 0.062 |
Delaware | Kent | 4.92a | Wilmington City | 7.68 | 0.026 |
District of Columbia | Ward 4 | 5.39a | Ward 2 | 9.30 | 0.005 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 3.84a | Circuit 2 | 10.76 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 4 | 4.40a | Region 3 | 7.66 | 0.008 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 4.99a | Hawaii Island | 8.57 | 0.005 |
Idaho | Region 5 | 4.28 | Region 2 | 6.02 | 0.117 |
Illinois | Region II | 4.67a | Region I (Cook) | 6.37 | 0.002 |
Indiana | Northeast | 4.51b | Central | 6.33 | 0.087 |
Iowa | Northwest | 3.33a | Central | 5.11 | 0.043 |
Kansas | South Central | 4.20a | Kansas City Metro | 6.65 | 0.020 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 4.26a | Seven Counties | 7.24 | 0.008 |
Louisiana | Region 4 | 4.33b | Region 1 | 6.56 | 0.055 |
Maine | Midcoast | 7.01b | Cumberland | 9.67 | 0.060 |
Maryland | West | 3.70a | Baltimore City | 6.68 | 0.009 |
Massachusetts | Metrowest | 7.13b | Boston | 9.70 | 0.064 |
Michigan | St. Clair | 5.31a | Detroit City | 9.75 | 0.001 |
Minnesota | Regions 5 and 6 | 5.25a | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 8.83 | 0.004 |
Mississippi | Region 3 | 3.85a | Region 7 | 6.09 | 0.041 |
Missouri | Southwest | 4.68a | Eastern (St. Louis City and County) | 6.90 | 0.038 |
Montana | Region 2 | 5.88a | Region 5 | 12.05 | 0.000 |
Nebraska | Region 4 | 3.36a | Region 6 | 5.97 | 0.004 |
Nevada | Rural | 5.96 | Washoe | 7.43 | 0.245 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 6.89 | Central 1 | 8.11 | 0.321 |
New Jersey | Northern | 4.24a | Southern | 6.42 | 0.024 |
New Mexico | Region 4 | 5.72a | Region 2 | 8.52 | 0.041 |
New York | Region 4 | 5.16a | Region 3 | 10.14 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | North Central | 4.81 | Western | 5.68 | 0.346 |
North Dakota | North Central and Northwest | 3.39a | Southeast | 6.20 | 0.001 |
Ohio | Boards 20, 32, 54, and 69 | 4.15a | Board 31 (Hamilton) | 7.91 | 0.001 |
Oklahoma | East Central | 3.89a | Oklahoma County | 6.61 | 0.012 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 6.34a | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 10.89 | 0.003 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 4.20a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 7.86 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 8.33b | Washington | 11.37 | 0.051 |
South Carolina | Region 3 | 5.20 | Region 2 | 5.39 | 0.850 |
South Dakota | Region 6 | 4.40 | Region 4 | 5.50 | 0.282 |
Tennessee | Region 5 | 4.94a | Region 4 (Davidson) | 7.40 | 0.047 |
Texas | Region 10 | 3.13a | Region 7a | 6.44 | 0.000 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 3.01a | Salt Lake County | 5.47 | 0.005 |
Vermont | Rural Southwest | 8.47b | Champlain Valley | 11.35 | 0.052 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 5.01 | Region 3 | 5.89 | 0.371 |
Washington | Region 2 | 5.78a | Region 4 (King) | 8.76 | 0.022 |
West Virginia | Northern A and B | 4.37a | Northern C and D | 8.84 | 0.001 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 4.95b | Milwaukee | 7.08 | 0.064 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 4.19a | Judicial District 2 | 8.91 | 0.000 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Average annual rate = 100*{[X1 ÷ (0.5 * X1 + X2)] ÷ 2}, where X1 is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X2 is the number of persons who never used marijuana. Both of the computation components, X1 and X2, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
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Alabama | Region 4 | 1.22 | Region 3 | 1.40 | 0.452 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 2.05 | Rural | 2.64 | 0.375 |
Arizona | Rural South | 1.42 | Pima | 1.84 | 0.196 |
Arkansas | Areas 3 and 4 | 1.32 | Area 9 | 1.65 | 0.227 |
California | Region 11 (Los Angeles) | 1.43a | Region 2 | 2.11 | 0.002 |
Colorado | Regions 5 and 6 | 1.89 | Region 1 | 2.17 | 0.482 |
Connecticut | Southwest | 1.71a | Eastern | 2.63 | 0.028 |
Delaware | Sussex | 1.39a | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 2.05 | 0.012 |
District of Columbia | Ward 4 | 1.33a | Ward 2 | 2.95 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 0.89a | Circuit 2 | 3.04 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 1 | 1.42 | Region 2 | 1.78 | 0.190 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 1.64 | Hawaii Island | 1.99 | 0.281 |
Idaho | Region 5 | 1.35a | Region 4 | 2.18 | 0.015 |
Illinois | Region V | 1.36a | Region I (Cook) | 1.76 | 0.043 |
Indiana | Northeast | 1.26a | West | 2.45 | 0.003 |
Iowa | Southwest | 1.22a | Central | 2.26 | 0.006 |
Kansas | South Central | 1.24a | Kansas City Metro | 2.38 | 0.002 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 1.25a | Seven Counties | 1.82 | 0.041 |
Louisiana | Region 1 | 1.39b | Regions 2 and 9 | 2.09 | 0.050 |
Maine | York | 1.59a | Cumberland | 2.29 | 0.041 |
Maryland | Montgomery | 1.46b | North Central | 2.15 | 0.052 |
Massachusetts | Southeast | 1.74a | Western | 2.56 | 0.046 |
Michigan | Bay | 1.58a | Washtenaw | 2.82 | 0.001 |
Minnesota | Regions 1 and 2 | 1.54 | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 2.06 | 0.130 |
Mississippi | Region 3 | 1.14 | Region 7 | 1.55 | 0.133 |
Missouri | Southeast | 1.39a | Eastern (excluding St. Louis) | 2.13 | 0.035 |
Montana | Region 2 | 1.45a | Region 5 | 2.51 | 0.006 |
Nebraska | Regions 1 and 2 | 1.33 | Region 5 | 1.77 | 0.106 |
Nevada | Clark | 1.43a | Washoe | 2.03 | 0.037 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 1.93 | Central 1 | 2.37 | 0.256 |
New Jersey | Northern | 1.28a | Southern | 1.80 | 0.037 |
New Mexico | Region 4 | 1.60 | Region 2 | 2.21 | 0.135 |
New York | Region 4 | 0.90a | Region 8 | 2.56 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | North Central | 1.45 | Eastern | 1.48 | 0.890 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 1.18a | Southeast | 2.01 | 0.002 |
Ohio | Boards 27, 71, and 73 | 1.33a | Board 9 (Butler) | 2.24 | 0.006 |
Oklahoma | Southeast | 1.30 | Oklahoma County | 1.63 | 0.230 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 1.74 | Region 5 | 2.34 | 0.147 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 1.15a | Regions 6, 12, 16, 31, 35, 39, 45, and 47 | 2.10 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Providence | 1.91a | Bristol and Newport | 2.86 | 0.020 |
South Carolina | Region 3 | 1.45 | Region 2 | 1.85 | 0.139 |
South Dakota | Region 3 | 1.37 | Region 4 | 1.91 | 0.133 |
Tennessee | Region 6 | 1.34b | Region 7 (Shelby) | 1.83 | 0.096 |
Texas | Region 4 | 1.17a | Region 7a | 2.06 | 0.001 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 1.02a | Weber, Morgan | 1.70 | 0.036 |
Vermont | Rural Southwest | 2.05 | Champlain Valley | 2.59 | 0.128 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 1.24a | Region 5 | 1.79 | 0.043 |
Washington | Region 2 | 1.44b | Region 1 | 2.06 | 0.083 |
West Virginia | Southern I and III | 1.06a | Northern C and D | 1.66 | 0.016 |
Wisconsin | Northeastern | 1.51a | Milwaukee | 2.47 | 0.013 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 5 | 1.54a | Judicial District 2 | 3.34 | 0.000 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
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Alabama | Region 1 | 49.05 | Region 4 | 52.62 | 0.249 |
Alaska | Southeast | 25.30a | Rural | 36.84 | 0.000 |
Arizona | Pima | 35.72a | Rural South | 44.59 | 0.012 |
Arkansas | Area 9 | 42.41a | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 49.20 | 0.042 |
California | Region 4 | 29.25a | Region 12 | 45.73 | 0.000 |
Colorado | Regions 2 and 7 | 30.61a | Region 4 | 42.60 | 0.000 |
Connecticut | Northwestern | 31.62b | North Central | 37.10 | 0.078 |
Delaware | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 34.59a | Kent | 44.39 | 0.001 |
District of Columbia | Ward 3 | 17.90a | Ward 7 | 44.04 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuit 18 | 35.63a | Circuits 11 and 16 | 54.01 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 3 | 40.92b | Region 4 | 46.10 | 0.085 |
Hawaii | Maui | 32.27a | Honolulu | 39.02 | 0.032 |
Idaho | Region 1 | 34.04a | Region 7 | 44.66 | 0.003 |
Illinois | Region II | 35.81a | Region IV | 44.06 | 0.000 |
Indiana | West | 35.77a | Northeast | 42.74 | 0.050 |
Iowa | Central | 36.62b | Southwest | 42.65 | 0.081 |
Kansas | Kansas City Metro | 34.65a | West | 48.60 | 0.000 |
Kentucky | Seven Counties | 38.72a | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 49.70 | 0.001 |
Louisiana | Region 10 (Jefferson) | 39.86a | Regions 7 and 8 | 48.75 | 0.012 |
Maine | Cumberland | 28.51a | Penquis | 35.11 | 0.038 |
Maryland | North Central | 33.87a | Prince George's | 45.77 | 0.002 |
Massachusetts | Metrowest | 25.38a | Northeast | 32.12 | 0.016 |
Michigan | Washtenaw | 29.17a | Detroit City | 42.85 | 0.000 |
Minnesota | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 28.54a | Regions 3 and 4 | 36.27 | 0.008 |
Mississippi | Region 7 | 46.87a | Region 5 | 57.26 | 0.006 |
Missouri | Eastern (St. Louis City and County) | 35.10a | Southeast | 45.80 | 0.002 |
Montana | Region 4 | 31.46a | Region 1 | 41.55 | 0.003 |
Nebraska | Region 6 | 36.72a | Region 4 | 46.74 | 0.001 |
Nevada | Washoe | 34.33 | Rural | 36.97 | 0.411 |
New Hampshire | Northern | 25.47 | Central 2 | 29.42 | 0.192 |
New Jersey | Central | 34.85a | Metropolitan | 41.19 | 0.046 |
New Mexico | Region 3 (Bernalillo) | 34.87a | Region 4 | 46.85 | 0.000 |
New York | Region 3 | 32.05a | Region 1 | 45.14 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | Western | 39.59 | Eastern | 43.48 | 0.215 |
North Dakota | Southeast | 34.00a | Lake Region and South Central | 46.07 | 0.000 |
Ohio | Board 25 (Franklin) | 33.39a | Boards 7, 15, 41, 79, and 84 | 46.36 | 0.000 |
Oklahoma | Tulsa County | 36.61a | Southeast | 44.60 | 0.026 |
Oregon | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 25.60a | Region 5 | 33.76 | 0.011 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 7, 13, 20, and 33 | 34.22a | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 45.50 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Washington | 28.67b | Providence | 33.39 | 0.092 |
South Carolina | Region 2 | 39.94 | Region 3 | 44.74 | 0.107 |
South Dakota | Region 7 | 36.25a | Region 6 | 45.89 | 0.009 |
Tennessee | Region 5 | 38.55a | Region 6 | 47.96 | 0.007 |
Texas | Region 7a | 33.17a | Region 10 | 55.46 | 0.000 |
Utah | Salt Lake County | 39.05a | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 48.25 | 0.003 |
Vermont | Champlain Valley | 24.36a | Rural Northeast | 32.39 | 0.002 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 36.45a | Region 3 | 42.98 | 0.045 |
Washington | Region 4 (King) | 22.10a | Region 2 | 35.87 | 0.000 |
West Virginia | South Central III | 39.21a | Southern I and III | 49.84 | 0.008 |
Wisconsin | Northeastern | 32.32 | Northern | 37.95 | 0.100 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 2 | 31.25a | Judicial District 5 | 41.30 | 0.006 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 7.24 | Region 2 | 9.09 | 0.124 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 12.25b | Urban | 16.00 | 0.069 |
Arizona | Rural South | 6.92a | Pima | 10.27 | 0.025 |
Arkansas | Areas 5 and 6 | 8.90 | Area 9 | 10.79 | 0.208 |
California | Region 8 | 8.99a | Region 1 | 15.66 | 0.001 |
Colorado | Region 4 | 9.99b | Regions 2 and 7 | 13.09 | 0.085 |
Connecticut | Southwest | 10.79a | Eastern | 15.23 | 0.023 |
Delaware | Sussex | 9.15a | Wilmington City | 15.29 | 0.003 |
District of Columbia | Ward 4 | 10.02a | Ward 2 | 19.93 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 7.02a | Circuit 2 | 17.32 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 1 | 8.02a | Region 3 | 11.54 | 0.020 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 9.70a | Hawaii Island | 13.13 | 0.045 |
Idaho | Region 7 | 7.28a | Region 4 | 11.47 | 0.004 |
Illinois | Region IV | 8.33a | Region I (Cook) | 10.93 | 0.010 |
Indiana | Northeast | 7.97a | West | 11.28 | 0.034 |
Iowa | Northwest | 5.74a | Central | 10.65 | 0.002 |
Kansas | South Central | 7.90a | Kansas City Metro | 12.53 | 0.003 |
Kentucky | Adanta, Cumberland River, and Lifeskills | 7.05a | Seven Counties | 11.51 | 0.003 |
Louisiana | Region 4 | 8.16 | Region 1 | 11.16 | 0.103 |
Maine | Aroostook/Downeast | 10.20a | Cumberland | 15.08 | 0.014 |
Maryland | West | 7.98a | Baltimore City | 13.30 | 0.004 |
Massachusetts | Northeast | 11.42a | Western | 15.29 | 0.038 |
Michigan | Western | 9.35a | Detroit City | 15.19 | 0.004 |
Minnesota | Regions 5 and 6 | 9.18a | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 15.02 | 0.001 |
Mississippi | Region 3 | 6.68a | Region 7 | 9.50 | 0.047 |
Missouri | Southeast | 8.44a | Eastern (St. Louis City and County) | 12.25 | 0.020 |
Montana | Region 2 | 9.10a | Region 5 | 17.86 | 0.000 |
Nebraska | Region 4 | 6.72a | Region 6 | 9.90 | 0.015 |
Nevada | Clark | 10.37 | Washoe | 12.53 | 0.163 |
New Hampshire | Southern 2 | 11.63 | Northern | 14.04 | 0.167 |
New Jersey | Northern | 7.89a | Southern | 11.54 | 0.009 |
New Mexico | Region 4 | 8.96a | Region 2 | 13.57 | 0.016 |
New York | Region 4 | 8.03a | Region 3 | 18.19 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | North Central | 9.33 | Eastern | 10.01 | 0.640 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 6.26a | Southeast | 11.22 | 0.000 |
Ohio | Boards 20, 32, 54, and 69 | 7.80a | Board 31 (Hamilton) | 13.77 | 0.000 |
Oklahoma | Southeast | 7.00a | Tulsa County | 11.22 | 0.008 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 11.25a | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 17.63 | 0.002 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 7.99a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 13.77 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 13.73 | Washington | 16.07 | 0.235 |
South Carolina | Region 4 | 8.69 | Region 2 | 9.84 | 0.390 |
South Dakota | Region 5 | 7.54b | Region 4 | 10.49 | 0.075 |
Tennessee | Region 6 | 8.76a | Region 4 (Davidson) | 12.69 | 0.047 |
Texas | Region 11c (Hidalgo) | 6.29a | Region 7a | 13.65 | 0.000 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 5.43a | Salt Lake County | 9.71 | 0.001 |
Vermont | Rural Southwest | 12.70a | Champlain Valley | 18.04 | 0.004 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 8.13 | Region 3 | 10.43 | 0.116 |
Washington | Region 5 | 9.50a | Region 4 (King) | 14.19 | 0.008 |
West Virginia | Northern A and B | 7.34a | Northern C and D | 13.66 | 0.000 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 8.52a | Milwaukee | 13.96 | 0.003 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 8.17a | Judicial District 2 | 16.86 | 0.000 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 1.85 | Region 3 | 2.31 | 0.351 |
Alaska | Rural | 1.95b | Urban | 3.03 | 0.075 |
Arizona | Rural South | 2.23b | Pima | 3.66 | 0.057 |
Arkansas | Areas 5 and 6 | 1.80 | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 2.55 | 0.176 |
California | Region 3 | 1.88b | Region 2 | 2.90 | 0.082 |
Colorado | Region 4 | 2.28 | Regions 2 and 7 | 3.08 | 0.207 |
Connecticut | Northwestern | 2.35 | Eastern | 2.69 | 0.546 |
Delaware | Sussex | 2.15 | Wilmington City | 3.03 | 0.246 |
District of Columbia | Ward 7 | 2.77a | Ward 2 | 5.22 | 0.036 |
Florida | Circuit 5 | 1.96a | Circuit 2 | 3.77 | 0.007 |
Georgia | Region 4 | 1.81 | Region 3 | 2.31 | 0.356 |
Hawaii | Maui | 1.78 | Hawaii Island | 2.08 | 0.556 |
Idaho | Region 3 | 1.66 | Region 4 | 2.28 | 0.172 |
Illinois | Region II | 1.97a | Region I (Cook) | 2.97 | 0.013 |
Indiana | Northeast | 1.90 | West | 2.53 | 0.235 |
Iowa | Northwest | 1.53 | Central | 2.35 | 0.110 |
Kansas | South Central | 1.94b | Kansas City Metro | 3.05 | 0.073 |
Kentucky | Adanta, Cumberland River, and Lifeskills | 1.81b | Bluegrass, Comprehend, and North Key | 2.83 | 0.052 |
Louisiana | Regions 7 and 8 | 1.97 | Region 1 | 2.41 | 0.475 |
Maine | York | 1.82a | Cumberland | 2.94 | 0.043 |
Maryland | Prince George's | 1.77a | Baltimore City | 3.46 | 0.027 |
Massachusetts | Northeast | 2.77b | Boston | 4.09 | 0.080 |
Michigan | Northern | 1.76a | Genesee | 2.85 | 0.043 |
Minnesota | Region 7C | 2.02 | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 2.67 | 0.246 |
Mississippi | Region 3 | 1.64 | Region 7 | 2.12 | 0.336 |
Missouri | Southeast | 2.08 | Central | 2.64 | 0.295 |
Montana | Region 1 | 1.87a | Region 5 | 2.98 | 0.040 |
Nebraska | Region 3 | 1.77b | Region 6 | 2.74 | 0.074 |
Nevada | Rural | 1.75 | Washoe | 2.14 | 0.392 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 1.99a | Central 1 | 3.14 | 0.048 |
New Jersey | Northern | 1.82 | Southern | 2.18 | 0.431 |
New Mexico | Region 2 | 2.28 | Region 3 (Bernalillo) | 2.91 | 0.272 |
New York | Region 4 | 1.81a | Region 3 | 4.02 | 0.002 |
North Carolina | South Central | 2.00 | Western | 2.17 | 0.721 |
North Dakota | Badlands and West Central | 1.36 | Northeast | 1.91 | 0.166 |
Ohio | Boards 8, 13, and 83 | 1.75a | Board 31 (Hamilton) | 3.03 | 0.033 |
Oklahoma | East Central | 1.41b | Tulsa County | 2.36 | 0.071 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 1.53a | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 2.89 | 0.013 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 1.67a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 3.25 | 0.005 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 2.98 | Providence | 3.68 | 0.297 |
South Carolina | Region 3 | 2.02 | Region 4 | 2.68 | 0.271 |
South Dakota | Region 6 | 1.32b | Region 2 | 2.03 | 0.086 |
Tennessee | Region 6 | 2.14 | Region 4 (Davidson) | 3.30 | 0.104 |
Texas | Region 3bc | 1.80a | Region 7a | 3.64 | 0.003 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 1.72 | Salt Lake County | 2.31 | 0.209 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 2.24a | Champlain Valley | 3.65 | 0.015 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 1.99 | Region 4 | 2.79 | 0.204 |
Washington | Region 5 | 2.16 | Region 4 (King) | 2.94 | 0.180 |
West Virginia | Northern A and B | 2.28a | Northern C and D | 4.01 | 0.023 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 1.78 | Northeastern | 2.35 | 0.276 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 1.72a | Judicial District 2 | 2.97 | 0.024 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 3 | 4.67 | Region 2 | 6.00 | 0.149 |
Alaska | Rural | 4.76 | Urban | 5.84 | 0.253 |
Arizona | Rural South | 4.21 | Pima | 5.93 | 0.131 |
Arkansas | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 5.34 | Areas 1 and 2 | 6.59 | 0.227 |
California | Region 6 (Santa Clara) | 4.34b | Region 1 | 6.15 | 0.057 |
Colorado | Region 1 | 5.47 | Region 4 | 6.36 | 0.471 |
Connecticut | South Central | 4.65 | Northwestern | 5.94 | 0.167 |
Delaware | Sussex | 4.41 | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 5.28 | 0.297 |
District of Columbia | Ward 7 | 2.48a | Ward 2 | 4.78 | 0.002 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 3.59a | Circuit 1 | 7.92 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 3 | 3.81a | Region 1 | 6.47 | 0.008 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 3.29 | Maui | 4.13 | 0.231 |
Idaho | Region 5 | 4.68b | Region 6 | 6.49 | 0.097 |
Illinois | Region I (Cook) | 4.12 | Region V | 4.56 | 0.456 |
Indiana | Northwest | 4.92 | Southeast | 6.42 | 0.128 |
Iowa | Northwest | 3.35 | Central | 4.57 | 0.132 |
Kansas | Northeast | 4.14b | Wichita (Sedgwick) | 6.07 | 0.069 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 5.35 | Bluegrass, Comprehend, and North Key | 6.52 | 0.256 |
Louisiana | Region 1 | 4.32a | Regions 2 and 9 | 6.67 | 0.026 |
Maine | Cumberland | 4.11 | York | 5.17 | 0.210 |
Maryland | Prince George's | 2.74a | Northeast | 4.71 | 0.009 |
Massachusetts | Northeast | 4.67 | Western | 6.02 | 0.160 |
Michigan | Detroit City | 4.31a | Genesee | 6.47 | 0.016 |
Minnesota | Region 7B (Ramsey) | 3.93 | Regions 5 and 6 | 4.39 | 0.586 |
Mississippi | Region 5 | 3.57 | Region 7 | 4.46 | 0.262 |
Missouri | Eastern (St. Louis City and County) | 4.52 | Eastern (excluding St. Louis) | 5.76 | 0.194 |
Montana | Region 4 | 4.37a | Region 5 | 6.59 | 0.010 |
Nebraska | Region 6 | 3.96 | Regions 1 and 2 | 4.62 | 0.414 |
Nevada | Washoe | 5.74 | Rural | 6.20 | 0.641 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 4.02b | Central 2 | 5.61 | 0.078 |
New Jersey | Northern | 3.46 | Southern | 4.11 | 0.332 |
New Mexico | Region 2 | 5.11 | Region 3 (Bernalillo) | 6.21 | 0.271 |
New York | Region 4 | 3.05a | Region 15 | 6.06 | 0.001 |
North Carolina | North Central | 4.53 | Eastern | 4.90 | 0.663 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 3.63 | Northeast | 4.56 | 0.258 |
Ohio | Boards 18 and 47 | 4.22a | Boards 27, 71, and 73 | 5.88 | 0.034 |
Oklahoma | Northwest and Southwest | 5.64 | Tulsa County | 6.90 | 0.263 |
Oregon | Region 3 | 4.72b | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 6.31 | 0.088 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 19, 26, 28, and 42 | 3.39a | Regions 10, 14, 15, 27, 32, 43, and 44 | 5.26 | 0.012 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 5.76 | Bristol and Newport | 5.90 | 0.896 |
South Carolina | Region 3 | 4.27 | Region 1 | 5.30 | 0.238 |
South Dakota | Region 2 | 3.10 | Region 4 | 4.01 | 0.215 |
Tennessee | Region 7 (Shelby) | 4.20a | Region 1 | 6.62 | 0.034 |
Texas | Region 6a | 3.67a | Region 7a | 6.01 | 0.001 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 5.04b | Weber, Morgan | 7.02 | 0.095 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 4.51 | Champlain Valley | 5.40 | 0.282 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 3.82a | Region 3 | 5.51 | 0.045 |
Washington | Region 6 | 5.77 | Region 4 (King) | 6.53 | 0.464 |
West Virginia | South Central I | 4.78a | Northern C and D | 7.26 | 0.022 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 4.57 | Milwaukee | 4.92 | 0.705 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 4.50 | Judicial District 7 (Natrona) | 5.73 | 0.210 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 36.12a | Region 4 | 43.91 | 0.017 |
Alaska | Rural | 34.22a | Urban | 55.13 | 0.000 |
Arizona | Rural South | 40.01a | Pima | 56.40 | 0.000 |
Arkansas | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 36.92a | Areas 1 and 2 | 46.56 | 0.015 |
California | Region 12 | 40.84a | Region 4 | 58.07 | 0.000 |
Colorado | Region 4 | 48.01a | Region 1 | 62.25 | 0.001 |
Connecticut | North Central | 59.05 | South Central | 63.95 | 0.126 |
Delaware | Sussex | 43.11a | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 55.48 | 0.000 |
District of Columbia | Ward 8 | 44.03a | Ward 3 | 78.65 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuit 10 | 44.58a | Circuit 20 | 62.85 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 1 | 36.07a | Region 3 | 48.70 | 0.000 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 46.02 | Maui | 48.77 | 0.441 |
Idaho | Region 7 | 33.91a | Region 4 | 56.48 | 0.000 |
Illinois | Region V | 46.72a | Region II | 56.26 | 0.000 |
Indiana | East | 40.24a | Central | 54.41 | 0.000 |
Iowa | Southwest | 49.19a | Northeast | 60.09 | 0.006 |
Kansas | South Central | 43.23a | Kansas City Metro | 58.13 | 0.000 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 28.83a | Seven Counties | 51.89 | 0.000 |
Louisiana | Regions 7 and 8 | 41.10a | Region 10 (Jefferson) | 55.95 | 0.000 |
Maine | Central | 45.77a | Cumberland | 60.94 | 0.000 |
Maryland | Prince George's | 42.72a | North Central | 61.79 | 0.000 |
Massachusetts | Boston | 56.16a | Metrowest | 63.60 | 0.031 |
Michigan | Detroit City | 39.72a | Washtenaw | 63.30 | 0.000 |
Minnesota | Regions 1 and 2 | 55.64a | Region 7C | 65.32 | 0.011 |
Mississippi | Region 5 | 31.16a | Region 4 | 43.79 | 0.001 |
Missouri | Southeast | 40.26a | Eastern (excluding St. Louis) | 55.50 | 0.000 |
Montana | Region 2 | 51.90a | Region 4 | 60.09 | 0.023 |
Nebraska | Region 4 | 46.55a | Region 6 | 56.52 | 0.004 |
Nevada | Clark | 48.92 | Rural | 52.26 | 0.295 |
New Hampshire | Central 1 | 57.15b | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 63.48 | 0.072 |
New Jersey | Southern | 53.74 | Central | 58.69 | 0.169 |
New Mexico | Region 1 | 40.74a | Region 3 (Bernalillo) | 51.91 | 0.000 |
New York | Region 1 | 42.27a | Region 5 | 63.92 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | South Central | 40.58b | Western | 46.09 | 0.083 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 48.95a | Southeast | 66.30 | 0.000 |
Ohio | Boards 27, 71, and 73 | 36.21a | Boards 28, 43, and 67 | 56.62 | 0.000 |
Oklahoma | Southeast | 34.94a | Tulsa County | 49.07 | 0.000 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 52.12b | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 59.39 | 0.053 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 43.01a | Regions 7, 13, 20, and 33 | 61.52 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Providence | 58.70a | Washington | 67.11 | 0.005 |
South Carolina | Region 1 | 39.62a | Region 4 | 48.54 | 0.009 |
South Dakota | Region 7 | 56.25a | Region 2 | 63.32 | 0.039 |
Tennessee | Region 6 | 34.40a | Region 4 (Davidson) | 47.39 | 0.003 |
Texas | Region 11c (Hidalgo) | 37.15a | Region 7a | 56.89 | 0.000 |
Utah | Utah County | 21.03a | Salt Lake County | 36.54 | 0.000 |
Vermont | Rural Northeast | 52.35a | Champlain Valley | 62.48 | 0.001 |
Virginia | Region 3 | 42.89a | Region 2 | 55.93 | 0.000 |
Washington | Region 2 | 43.46a | Region 4 (King) | 59.71 | 0.000 |
West Virginia | Southern II | 25.68a | Northern A and B | 42.14 | 0.000 |
Wisconsin | Western | 60.39a | Southeastern | 69.53 | 0.006 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 3 | 51.74b | Judicial District 1 (Laramie) | 58.44 | 0.085 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 16.58b | Region 4 | 20.23 | 0.064 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 20.36 | Urban | 22.07 | 0.463 |
Arizona | Rural South | 21.82 | Pima | 25.93 | 0.151 |
Arkansas | Area 9 | 18.06 | Areas 3 and 4 | 21.06 | 0.184 |
California | Region 6 (Santa Clara) | 17.75a | Region 15 | 23.44 | 0.004 |
Colorado | Region 3 | 23.63 | Region 1 | 27.79 | 0.120 |
Connecticut | North Central | 24.47 | Northwestern | 26.67 | 0.391 |
Delaware | Sussex | 19.14 | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 22.45 | 0.110 |
District of Columbia | Ward 7 | 19.70a | Ward 2 | 38.85 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 20.04a | Circuit 2 | 26.85 | 0.002 |
Georgia | Region 1 | 18.14 | Region 2 | 21.19 | 0.187 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 21.50 | Hawaii Island | 23.97 | 0.294 |
Idaho | Region 7 | 17.17a | Region 2 | 26.26 | 0.002 |
Illinois | Region V | 24.99 | Region I (Cook) | 26.60 | 0.354 |
Indiana | East | 20.37a | West | 26.31 | 0.021 |
Iowa | Northwest | 25.28a | Northeast | 31.05 | 0.025 |
Kansas | South Central | 23.33b | Northeast | 28.42 | 0.056 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 17.85a | Seven Counties | 24.92 | 0.006 |
Louisiana | Regions 7 and 8 | 21.74b | Region 3 | 26.66 | 0.061 |
Maine | Midcoast | 20.20 | Cumberland | 23.79 | 0.145 |
Maryland | Prince George's | 17.02a | Northeast | 22.87 | 0.029 |
Massachusetts | Northeast | 24.09a | Western | 29.23 | 0.045 |
Michigan | Detroit City | 21.73a | Pathways | 30.80 | 0.001 |
Minnesota | Region 7B (Ramsey) | 25.81 | Regions 5 and 6 | 29.85 | 0.158 |
Mississippi | Region 1 | 17.01 | Region 4 | 20.39 | 0.133 |
Missouri | Southwest | 20.66a | Eastern (excluding St. Louis) | 27.48 | 0.007 |
Montana | Region 1 | 26.06 | Region 4 | 29.90 | 0.177 |
Nebraska | Regions 1 and 2 | 23.39b | Region 5 | 28.50 | 0.058 |
Nevada | Clark | 23.12 | Washoe | 25.78 | 0.233 |
New Hampshire | Southern 2 | 23.45 | Northern | 27.10 | 0.137 |
New Jersey | Central | 20.92 | Southern | 23.57 | 0.258 |
New Mexico | Region 1 | 19.29 | Region 3 (Bernalillo) | 22.42 | 0.128 |
New York | Region 4 | 18.66a | Region 3 | 28.51 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | South Central | 18.81 | Western | 21.04 | 0.272 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 28.66b | Southeast | 33.90 | 0.059 |
Ohio | Boards 27, 71, and 73 | 19.24a | Boards 22, 74, and 87 | 26.69 | 0.004 |
Oklahoma | East Central | 18.61 | Northwest and Southwest | 22.58 | 0.104 |
Oregon | Region 2 | 19.36 | Region 5 | 23.07 | 0.138 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 19.96a | Region 1 (Allegheny) | 28.04 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 26.52 | Washington | 29.03 | 0.369 |
South Carolina | Region 1 | 18.32a | Region 4 | 23.12 | 0.024 |
South Dakota | Region 7 | 24.89a | Region 2 | 31.02 | 0.021 |
Tennessee | Region 1 | 17.67 | Region 5 | 19.10 | 0.522 |
Texas | Region 4 | 21.14a | Region 11abd | 27.44 | 0.015 |
Utah | Utah County | 12.65a | Weber, Morgan | 17.46 | 0.020 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 21.90b | Champlain Valley | 26.22 | 0.050 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 20.65b | Region 1 | 24.78 | 0.071 |
Washington | Region 5 | 21.68 | Region 3 | 23.99 | 0.365 |
West Virginia | Southern II | 16.22a | Northern C and D | 24.86 | 0.001 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 27.69b | Northeastern | 32.78 | 0.089 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 23.44b | Judicial District 2 | 28.40 | 0.080 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 44.09 | Region 3 | 47.47 | 0.236 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 35.87 | Rural | 39.99 | 0.196 |
Arizona | Rural North | 39.02 | Rural South | 43.48 | 0.168 |
Arkansas | Areas 5 and 6 | 39.34a | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 46.37 | 0.018 |
California | Region 1 | 36.71a | Region 12 | 48.75 | 0.000 |
Colorado | Regions 5 and 6 | 36.66 | Region 4 | 40.51 | 0.228 |
Connecticut | Northwestern | 36.08b | North Central | 41.06 | 0.083 |
Delaware | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 37.99a | Wilmington City | 48.34 | 0.000 |
District of Columbia | Ward 3 | 33.08a | Ward 7 | 50.46 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuit 18 | 40.15a | Circuits 11 and 16 | 52.95 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 1 | 44.09 | Region 3 | 47.97 | 0.156 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 39.29 | Maui | 41.16 | 0.510 |
Idaho | Region 4 | 37.84a | Region 7 | 43.72 | 0.040 |
Illinois | Region II | 35.83a | Region I (Cook) | 41.54 | 0.000 |
Indiana | West | 36.17b | Central | 41.18 | 0.070 |
Iowa | North Central | 34.71 | Northwest | 37.17 | 0.390 |
Kansas | Kansas City Metro | 37.94 | Wichita (Sedgwick) | 40.90 | 0.258 |
Kentucky | Bluegrass, Comprehend, and North Key | 40.25 | Four Rivers and Pennyroyal | 43.18 | 0.294 |
Louisiana | Region 3 | 39.20a | Regions 7 and 8 | 46.67 | 0.016 |
Maine | York | 36.19 | Midcoast | 40.52 | 0.161 |
Maryland | North Central | 39.07a | Baltimore City | 51.34 | 0.000 |
Massachusetts | Metrowest | 31.99a | Boston | 37.54 | 0.047 |
Michigan | Western | 33.11a | Detroit City | 51.09 | 0.000 |
Minnesota | Region 7C | 32.66 | Region 7B (Ramsey) | 36.98 | 0.131 |
Mississippi | Region 7 | 44.58b | Region 2 | 49.83 | 0.073 |
Missouri | Eastern (excluding St. Louis) | 37.00b | Northwest (Jackson) | 42.49 | 0.073 |
Montana | Region 4 | 33.48a | Region 2 | 39.25 | 0.047 |
Nebraska | Region 5 | 34.49 | Region 6 | 37.20 | 0.262 |
Nevada | Rural | 40.57 | Washoe | 41.84 | 0.660 |
New Hampshire | Northern | 30.47b | Southern 2 | 35.38 | 0.060 |
New Jersey | Southern | 39.41a | Metropolitan | 46.89 | 0.008 |
New Mexico | Region 3 (Bernalillo) | 44.73a | Region 2 | 51.02 | 0.034 |
New York | Region 14 | 35.65a | Region 1 | 53.19 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | North Central | 44.21 | South Central | 45.10 | 0.743 |
North Dakota | North Central and Northwest | 32.41 | Badlands and West Central | 35.10 | 0.309 |
Ohio | Boards 3, 52, and 85 | 34.39a | Board 77 (Summit) | 41.18 | 0.023 |
Oklahoma | Northeast | 40.06a | East Central | 46.46 | 0.049 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 37.61 | Region 2 | 39.74 | 0.467 |
Pennsylvania | Region 1 (Allegheny) | 33.39a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 42.91 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Bristol and Newport | 36.87 | Providence | 38.35 | 0.593 |
South Carolina | Region 2 | 40.72a | Region 3 | 46.75 | 0.038 |
South Dakota | Region 3 | 32.26b | Region 6 | 37.79 | 0.057 |
Tennessee | Region 1 | 39.69a | Region 7 (Shelby) | 46.16 | 0.044 |
Texas | Region 7bcd | 39.02a | Region 10 | 51.31 | 0.000 |
Utah | Salt Lake County | 45.40b | Utah County | 50.44 | 0.060 |
Vermont | Champlain Valley | 32.20 | Rural Northeast | 35.79 | 0.152 |
Virginia | Region 1 | 42.37 | Region 4 | 45.02 | 0.354 |
Washington | Region 6 | 36.35 | Region 2 | 40.69 | 0.145 |
West Virginia | Northern A and B | 39.84 | South Central I | 44.46 | 0.167 |
Wisconsin | Northeastern | 28.47a | Milwaukee | 36.14 | 0.005 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 6 | 34.45b | Judicial District 1 (Laramie) | 39.32 | 0.095 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 23.27 | Region 2 | 27.26 | 0.127 |
Alaska | Rural | 18.75a | Urban | 29.43 | 0.000 |
Arizona | Rural South | 23.12a | Pima | 29.88 | 0.038 |
Arkansas | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 24.21a | Areas 1 and 2 | 31.16 | 0.036 |
California | Region 11 (Los Angeles) | 22.70a | Region 1 | 30.90 | 0.001 |
Colorado | Region 4 | 29.97 | Region 1 | 35.01 | 0.141 |
Connecticut | North Central | 29.97b | Northwestern | 34.88 | 0.093 |
Delaware | Sussex | 25.87a | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 31.35 | 0.025 |
District of Columbia | Ward 7 | 18.85a | Ward 2 | 53.21 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 23.30a | Circuit 2 | 33.38 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 3 | 23.20 | Region 2 | 25.08 | 0.444 |
Hawaii | Maui | 23.04 | Hawaii Island | 24.16 | 0.701 |
Idaho | Region 7 | 19.61a | Region 2 | 34.23 | 0.000 |
Illinois | Region V | 27.93 | Region IV | 30.40 | 0.288 |
Indiana | Northeast | 25.41a | West | 33.51 | 0.006 |
Iowa | Southeast | 29.86a | Northeast | 38.32 | 0.007 |
Kansas | South Central | 27.79a | Kansas City Metro | 35.18 | 0.013 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 24.16a | Seven Counties | 30.08 | 0.048 |
Louisiana | Region 1 | 25.79b | Region 10 (Jefferson) | 31.35 | 0.099 |
Maine | Western | 29.37 | Penquis | 34.53 | 0.110 |
Maryland | Prince George's | 19.94a | North Central | 30.68 | 0.000 |
Massachusetts | Boston | 32.44 | Western | 34.17 | 0.589 |
Michigan | Detroit City | 19.05a | Pathways | 34.19 | 0.000 |
Minnesota | Region 7B (Ramsey) | 28.30 | Regions 5 and 6 | 33.49 | 0.100 |
Mississippi | Region 5 | 20.54a | Region 7 | 27.22 | 0.022 |
Missouri | Northwest (Jackson) | 28.07a | Eastern (excluding St. Louis) | 35.61 | 0.032 |
Montana | Region 2 | 32.43 | Region 4 | 36.35 | 0.192 |
Nebraska | Region 6 | 31.04a | Region 5 | 37.00 | 0.018 |
Nevada | Clark | 24.19a | Washoe | 29.45 | 0.036 |
New Hampshire | Southern 2 | 31.54a | Northern | 36.99 | 0.049 |
New Jersey | Metropolitan | 29.61 | Southern | 32.62 | 0.293 |
New Mexico | Region 1 | 24.84a | Region 5 | 30.57 | 0.049 |
New York | Region 4 | 24.61a | Region 12 | 39.06 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | North Central | 22.46 | Western | 24.93 | 0.324 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 30.84a | Southeast | 44.13 | 0.000 |
Ohio | Boards 27, 71, and 73 | 25.22a | Boards 28, 43, and 67 | 34.32 | 0.002 |
Oklahoma | Oklahoma County | 23.71 | Northwest and Southwest | 28.73 | 0.112 |
Oregon | Region 2 | 28.53 | Region 5 | 31.09 | 0.429 |
Pennsylvania | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 22.90a | Region 1 (Allegheny) | 33.86 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 32.99a | Washington | 39.80 | 0.036 |
South Carolina | Region 3 | 19.86a | Region 2 | 25.24 | 0.037 |
South Dakota | Region 7 | 31.37a | Region 3 | 38.72 | 0.021 |
Tennessee | Region 7 (Shelby) | 20.92 | Region 1 | 25.22 | 0.146 |
Texas | Region 11c (Hidalgo) | 23.70a | Region 1 | 31.61 | 0.010 |
Utah | Utah County | 14.53a | Salt Lake County | 22.95 | 0.002 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 34.04b | Champlain Valley | 38.82 | 0.065 |
Virginia | Region 4 | 25.31b | Region 1 | 30.42 | 0.063 |
Washington | Region 2 | 25.76a | Region 1 | 33.09 | 0.029 |
West Virginia | Southern II | 23.28a | Northern C and D | 33.66 | 0.002 |
Wisconsin | Milwaukee | 32.32a | Northeastern | 39.75 | 0.015 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 4 | 31.47a | Judicial District 2 | 39.16 | 0.034 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 15.16 | Region 4 | 17.34 | 0.309 |
Alaska | Rural | 14.85 | Southeast | 19.10 | 0.119 |
Arizona | Maricopa | 18.20b | Pima | 22.69 | 0.051 |
Arkansas | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 15.01a | Areas 1 and 2 | 20.41 | 0.035 |
California | Region 11 (Los Angeles) | 13.78a | Region 1 | 22.06 | 0.000 |
Colorado | Region 4 | 20.32 | Region 1 | 22.50 | 0.456 |
Connecticut | North Central | 19.03a | Northwestern | 24.09 | 0.037 |
Delaware | Wilmington City | 13.05a | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 20.71 | 0.001 |
District of Columbia | Ward 7 | 8.72a | Ward 2 | 39.01 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 13.16a | Circuit 2 | 22.92 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 3 | 14.67 | Region 2 | 16.38 | 0.407 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 16.48 | Hawaii Island | 18.94 | 0.253 |
Idaho | Region 7 | 15.65a | Region 2 | 26.18 | 0.001 |
Illinois | Region I (Cook) | 18.23a | Region IV | 22.22 | 0.024 |
Indiana | Central | 16.25a | West | 26.29 | 0.000 |
Iowa | Southeast | 22.41a | Northeast | 29.31 | 0.017 |
Kansas | Wichita (Sedgwick) | 22.26a | Northeast | 28.42 | 0.042 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 17.29 | Seven Counties | 20.46 | 0.217 |
Louisiana | Region 1 | 15.54 | Regions 5 and 6 | 19.55 | 0.152 |
Maine | Midcoast | 19.11b | Penquis | 24.23 | 0.078 |
Maryland | Prince George's | 10.81a | Northeast | 19.75 | 0.000 |
Massachusetts | Boston | 20.73a | Western | 27.55 | 0.023 |
Michigan | Detroit City | 19.96a | Pathways | 26.17 | 0.000 |
Minnesota | Region 7B (Ramsey) | 18.96a | Regions 1 and 2 | 26.17 | 0.018 |
Mississippi | Region 5 | 12.90a | Region 7 | 19.37 | 0.008 |
Missouri | Northwest (Jackson) | 18.57a | Eastern (excluding St. Louis) | 25.37 | 0.019 |
Montana | Region 2 | 24.26 | Region 5 | 28.23 | 0.168 |
Nebraska | Region 6 | 20.98a | Region 5 | 28.62 | 0.001 |
Nevada | Clark | 15.75a | Washoe | 21.92 | 0.007 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 21.88a | Northern | 28.86 | 0.012 |
New Jersey | Metropolitan | 17.26b | Southern | 21.36 | 0.079 |
New Mexico | Region 1 | 18.16 | Region 5 | 20.60 | 0.320 |
New York | Region 1 | 14.20a | Region 8 | 27.42 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | North Central | 13.88 | Western | 16.43 | 0.192 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 24.70a | Northeast | 33.26 | 0.008 |
Ohio | Board 57 (Montgomery) | 17.61a | Boards 22, 74, and 87 | 26.69 | 0.001 |
Oklahoma | Oklahoma County | 16.43 | Northwest and Southwest | 20.21 | 0.156 |
Oregon | Region 2 | 18.02 | Region 5 | 20.80 | 0.320 |
Pennsylvania | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 14.35a | Regions 6, 12, 16, 31, 35, 39, 45, and 47 | 25.86 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 22.48a | Washington | 29.78 | 0.014 |
South Carolina | Region 3 | 12.92b | Region 2 | 16.71 | 0.063 |
South Dakota | Region 7 | 21.25a | Region 5 | 27.59 | 0.030 |
Tennessee | Region 7 (Shelby) | 12.13b | Region 3 | 16.29 | 0.053 |
Texas | Region 6a | 14.56a | Region 1 | 22.40 | 0.000 |
Utah | Utah County | 11.36a | Weber, Morgan | 17.22 | 0.017 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 23.40a | Champlain Valley | 28.88 | 0.024 |
Virginia | Region 4 | 15.81a | Region 1 | 22.18 | 0.007 |
Washington | Region 4 (King) | 18.51 | Region 1 | 22.28 | 0.131 |
West Virginia | Southern I and III | 16.64a | Northern C and D | 27.13 | 0.000 |
Wisconsin | Milwaukee | 20.86a | Western | 29.79 | 0.002 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 1 (Laramie) | 22.59b | Judicial District 2 | 28.02 | 0.088 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 3 | 25.55 | Region 2 | 29.06 | 0.139 |
Alaska | Southeast | 24.64b | Rural | 29.59 | 0.080 |
Arizona | Maricopa | 22.92 | Rural North | 24.58 | 0.417 |
Arkansas | Areas 1 and 2 | 26.12a | Areas 3 and 4 | 31.33 | 0.038 |
California | Region 6 (Santa Clara) | 16.10a | Region 1 | 25.88 | 0.000 |
Colorado | Regions 2 and 7 | 22.54 | Region 4 | 24.79 | 0.291 |
Connecticut | Southwest | 20.20a | Eastern | 25.35 | 0.026 |
Delaware | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 22.47a | Sussex | 29.05 | 0.002 |
District of Columbia | Ward 4 | 19.41a | Ward 8 | 31.02 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 19.59a | Circuit 14 | 30.54 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 3 | 21.67a | Region 1 | 27.80 | 0.007 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 19.28 | Hawaii Island | 21.46 | 0.288 |
Idaho | Region 7 | 19.01a | Region 1 | 24.75 | 0.009 |
Illinois | Region II | 24.47a | Region V | 30.21 | 0.001 |
Indiana | Northeast | 25.15a | Southwest | 31.05 | 0.027 |
Iowa | Southeast | 24.87 | Central | 28.56 | 0.123 |
Kansas | South Central | 25.32b | Southeast | 30.62 | 0.053 |
Kentucky | Seven Counties | 27.78a | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 34.21 | 0.009 |
Louisiana | Regions 2 and 9 | 25.55a | Regions 5 and 6 | 31.53 | 0.010 |
Maine | Midcoast | 25.41b | Western | 30.31 | 0.054 |
Maryland | Montgomery | 16.45a | Baltimore City | 28.76 | 0.000 |
Massachusetts | Metrowest | 19.03a | Boston | 25.72 | 0.002 |
Michigan | Washtenaw | 23.34a | Pathways | 31.18 | 0.001 |
Minnesota | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 24.15 | Regions 3 and 4 | 27.78 | 0.100 |
Mississippi | Region 4 | 23.57a | Region 7 | 29.68 | 0.011 |
Missouri | Eastern (St. Louis City and County) | 27.20a | Southeast | 34.31 | 0.007 |
Montana | Region 3 | 25.23 | Region 5 | 27.66 | 0.296 |
Nebraska | Region 6 | 24.33 | Region 3 | 26.68 | 0.290 |
Nevada | Washoe | 24.89 | Rural | 28.83 | 0.104 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 20.52a | Central 1 | 26.35 | 0.007 |
New Jersey | Metropolitan | 20.77 | Southern | 23.30 | 0.210 |
New Mexico | Region 2 | 21.88a | Region 4 | 29.72 | 0.001 |
New York | Region 6 | 19.73a | Region 12 | 30.78 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | South Central | 24.89b | Eastern | 28.67 | 0.097 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 24.19 | Northeast | 27.79 | 0.118 |
Ohio | Boards 28, 43, and 67 | 25.34a | Boards 27, 71, and 73 | 33.09 | 0.001 |
Oklahoma | Central | 27.08a | Southeast | 33.71 | 0.010 |
Oregon | Region 2 | 20.62a | Region 4 | 26.25 | 0.011 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 7, 13, 20, and 33 | 23.67a | Regions 10, 14, 15, 27, 32, 43, and 44 | 29.18 | 0.005 |
Rhode Island | Washington | 22.40 | Kent | 25.67 | 0.164 |
South Carolina | Region 4 | 28.26 | Region 3 | 31.13 | 0.248 |
South Dakota | Region 3 | 25.56 | Region 4 | 29.40 | 0.132 |
Tennessee | Region 7 (Shelby) | 25.08a | Region 1 | 34.49 | 0.001 |
Texas | Region 3a | 23.35a | Region 5 | 31.33 | 0.000 |
Utah | Utah County | 15.93a | Salt Lake County | 21.52 | 0.003 |
Vermont | Champlain Valley | 22.86a | Rural Southwest | 27.21 | 0.040 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 18.63a | Region 3 | 29.28 | 0.000 |
Washington | Region 4 (King) | 20.18a | Region 6 | 25.82 | 0.009 |
West Virginia | South Central III | 30.83 | South Central II | 35.35 | 0.140 |
Wisconsin | Southeastern | 25.67a | Milwaukee | 30.27 | 0.044 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 2 | 25.94 | Judicial District 7 (Natrona) | 29.67 | 0.138 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
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Alabama | Region 3 | 31.03 | Region 1 | 35.37 | 0.106 |
Alaska | Southeast | 29.73a | Rural | 38.59 | 0.007 |
Arizona | Maricopa | 27.06 | Rural North | 28.73 | 0.475 |
Arkansas | Areas 1 and 2 | 32.33a | Areas 3 and 4 | 38.04 | 0.041 |
California | Region 6 (Santa Clara) | 18.29a | Region 1 | 31.08 | 0.000 |
Colorado | Regions 2 and 7 | 26.31 | Region 4 | 30.27 | 0.101 |
Connecticut | Southwest | 23.60a | Eastern | 29.37 | 0.018 |
Delaware | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 26.31a | Sussex | 32.70 | 0.005 |
District of Columbia | Ward 4 | 22.64a | Ward 8 | 33.69 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 22.15a | Circuit 14 | 36.89 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 3 | 26.54a | Region 1 | 36.09 | 0.000 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 22.01 | Hawaii Island | 24.12 | 0.341 |
Idaho | Region 7 | 22.24a | Region 1 | 29.98 | 0.002 |
Illinois | Region II | 28.97a | Region IV | 35.61 | 0.000 |
Indiana | Northeast | 29.12a | Southeast | 36.83 | 0.008 |
Iowa | North Central | 29.74 | Central | 34.38 | 0.101 |
Kansas | West | 31.02b | Southeast | 36.84 | 0.060 |
Kentucky | Bluegrass, Comprehend, and North Key | 35.20a | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 42.48 | 0.007 |
Louisiana | Regions 2 and 9 | 30.79a | Regions 5 and 6 | 37.26 | 0.012 |
Maine | Cumberland | 28.92a | Western | 35.53 | 0.012 |
Maryland | Montgomery | 19.07a | Baltimore City | 32.58 | 0.000 |
Massachusetts | Metrowest | 23.56a | Western | 29.93 | 0.006 |
Michigan | Washtenaw | 27.62a | Pathways | 36.44 | 0.001 |
Minnesota | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 28.78a | Regions 3 and 4 | 34.19 | 0.024 |
Mississippi | Region 4 | 29.14a | Region 7 | 37.22 | 0.002 |
Missouri | Eastern (St. Louis City and County) | 31.43a | Southeast | 40.57 | 0.001 |
Montana | Region 3 | 32.66 | Region 1 | 35.88 | 0.263 |
Nebraska | Region 6 | 28.42 | Regions 1 and 2 | 31.21 | 0.296 |
Nevada | Washoe | 28.66a | Rural | 34.32 | 0.029 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 24.98a | Central 1 | 30.98 | 0.013 |
New Jersey | Metropolitan | 23.82a | Southern | 28.34 | 0.047 |
New Mexico | Region 2 | 24.96a | Region 4 | 35.11 | 0.000 |
New York | Region 6 | 22.16a | Region 12 | 36.01 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | South Central | 30.36b | Eastern | 34.61 | 0.093 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 30.72 | Northeast | 33.86 | 0.231 |
Ohio | Boards 28, 43, and 67 | 29.94a | Boards 27, 71, and 73 | 39.24 | 0.000 |
Oklahoma | Central | 31.84a | Southeast | 40.01 | 0.006 |
Oregon | Region 2 | 24.64a | Region 4 | 31.35 | 0.006 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 7, 13, 20, and 33 | 27.98a | Regions 2, 3, 8, and 9 | 35.79 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Washington | 27.51 | Kent | 30.79 | 0.185 |
South Carolina | Region 4 | 31.69 | Region 3 | 35.20 | 0.159 |
South Dakota | Region 1 | 31.36 | Region 4 | 35.60 | 0.140 |
Tennessee | Region 7 (Shelby) | 29.29a | Region 1 | 41.23 | 0.000 |
Texas | Region 11c (Hidalgo) | 26.24a | Region 5 | 38.39 | 0.000 |
Utah | Utah County | 17.31a | Weber, Morgan | 23.65 | 0.005 |
Vermont | Champlain Valley | 27.18a | Rural Southwest | 33.61 | 0.008 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 23.15a | Region 3 | 34.86 | 0.000 |
Washington | Region 4 (King) | 23.65a | Region 6 | 29.96 | 0.008 |
West Virginia | South Central III | 37.54b | South Central II | 43.06 | 0.076 |
Wisconsin | Southern | 29.80a | Milwaukee | 35.20 | 0.044 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 2 | 31.41a | Judicial District 7 (Natrona) | 37.42 | 0.036 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 70.13 | Region 4 | 72.46 | 0.275 |
Alaska | Rural | 64.24a | Southeast | 73.83 | 0.000 |
Arizona | Rural North | 72.14a | Maricopa | 76.80 | 0.020 |
Arkansas | Areas 5 and 6 | 70.02 | Area 9 | 73.19 | 0.153 |
California | Region 1 | 72.96a | Region 4 | 80.60 | 0.000 |
Colorado | Region 3 | 73.62 | Regions 2 and 7 | 76.65 | 0.122 |
Connecticut | Eastern | 73.80 | South Central | 77.14 | 0.129 |
Delaware | Sussex | 71.76a | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 77.04 | 0.009 |
District of Columbia | Ward 8 | 74.31a | Ward 3 | 80.74 | 0.002 |
Florida | Circuit 14 | 71.59a | Circuits 11 and 16 | 80.71 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 1 | 70.63a | Region 3 | 78.29 | 0.000 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 73.92 | Hawaii Island | 75.65 | 0.429 |
Idaho | Region 1 | 72.44 | Region 2 | 74.88 | 0.299 |
Illinois | Region IV | 69.79a | Region I (Cook) | 76.06 | 0.000 |
Indiana | Southwest | 66.57b | Northeast | 71.68 | 0.069 |
Iowa | Northeast | 69.09 | North Central | 70.86 | 0.444 |
Kansas | Northeast | 70.16 | Kansas City Metro | 72.37 | 0.294 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 62.72a | Seven Counties | 69.75 | 0.005 |
Louisiana | Regions 5 and 6 | 69.76a | Region 1 | 75.19 | 0.026 |
Maine | Western | 68.56a | Cumberland | 73.91 | 0.021 |
Maryland | South | 72.12a | Montgomery | 78.48 | 0.006 |
Massachusetts | Southeast | 73.84a | Metrowest | 78.45 | 0.030 |
Michigan | Bay | 68.47a | Washtenaw | 75.74 | 0.001 |
Minnesota | Regions 3 and 4 | 68.61a | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 73.80 | 0.023 |
Mississippi | Region 1 | 70.46 | Region 2 | 73.74 | 0.139 |
Missouri | Southeast | 66.19a | Eastern (St. Louis City and County) | 73.59 | 0.003 |
Montana | Region 1 | 69.20b | Region 5 | 73.99 | 0.056 |
Nebraska | Region 4 | 69.58 | Region 5 | 71.51 | 0.409 |
Nevada | Rural | 70.60a | Washoe | 75.33 | 0.041 |
New Hampshire | Central 1 | 70.42b | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 74.68 | 0.060 |
New Jersey | Southern | 73.30b | Metropolitan | 76.81 | 0.095 |
New Mexico | Region 1 | 71.58a | Region 2 | 78.60 | 0.001 |
New York | Region 15 | 70.80a | Region 3 | 80.34 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | Western | 70.42 | North Central | 72.30 | 0.384 |
North Dakota | Badlands and West Central | 66.97 | Northeast | 69.53 | 0.291 |
Ohio | Boards 5 and 60 | 65.86a | Board 31 (Hamilton) | 74.40 | 0.000 |
Oklahoma | Southeast | 67.23b | Oklahoma County | 71.27 | 0.099 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 74.40b | Region 2 | 78.16 | 0.063 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 10, 14, 15, 27, 32, 43, and 44 | 68.63a | Regions 7, 13, 20, and 33 | 78.09 | 0.000 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 74.49b | Washington | 78.32 | 0.076 |
South Carolina | Region 2 | 69.61 | Region 4 | 71.88 | 0.297 |
South Dakota | Region 4 | 70.19 | Region 2 | 73.03 | 0.228 |
Tennessee | Region 2 | 68.00a | Region 7 (Shelby) | 75.12 | 0.004 |
Texas | Region 4 | 69.92a | Region 10 | 77.36 | 0.001 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 77.41 | Utah County | 79.07 | 0.387 |
Vermont | Rural Northeast | 72.71 | Champlain Valley | 75.68 | 0.135 |
Virginia | Region 1 | 71.95a | Region 2 | 77.76 | 0.006 |
Washington | Region 5 | 74.50 | Region 4 (King) | 77.00 | 0.214 |
West Virginia | Southern II | 66.54 | South Central III | 69.29 | 0.302 |
Wisconsin | Western | 69.30a | Milwaukee | 73.96 | 0.040 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 6 | 68.67a | Judicial District 2 | 74.21 | 0.023 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Dependence is based on the definition found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 2.54 | Region 2 | 3.26 | 0.254 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 3.46 | Rural | 4.62 | 0.278 |
Arizona | Rural South | 3.58 | Pima | 4.80 | 0.211 |
Arkansas | Areas 5 and 6 | 2.65 | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 3.40 | 0.300 |
California | Region 3 | 3.45 | Region 2 | 4.61 | 0.185 |
Colorado | Region 3 | 4.00 | Regions 5 and 6 | 4.34 | 0.703 |
Connecticut | South Central | 3.24 | North Central | 3.94 | 0.362 |
Delaware | Sussex | 2.25 | Wilmington City | 3.39 | 0.102 |
District of Columbia | Ward 4 | 3.96b | Ward 2 | 6.36 | 0.053 |
Florida | Circuit 5 | 2.42a | Circuit 2 | 4.29 | 0.013 |
Georgia | Region 2 | 2.60 | Region 3 | 3.12 | 0.426 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 3.70 | Hawaii Island | 4.03 | 0.693 |
Idaho | Region 7 | 2.87 | Region 4 | 3.90 | 0.176 |
Illinois | Region V | 3.12 | Region I (Cook) | 4.05 | 0.102 |
Indiana | East | 3.08 | West | 4.26 | 0.130 |
Iowa | Southwest | 3.33 | Central | 4.54 | 0.178 |
Kansas | South Central | 3.08 | Kansas City Metro | 3.96 | 0.212 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 2.60 | Seven Counties | 3.15 | 0.389 |
Louisiana | Region 3 | 2.93 | Region 10 (Jefferson) | 3.45 | 0.509 |
Maine | Midcoast | 2.89 | Cumberland | 4.08 | 0.153 |
Maryland | South | 2.62 | Baltimore City | 3.64 | 0.194 |
Massachusetts | Northeast | 3.16a | Boston | 4.87 | 0.048 |
Michigan | Northern | 2.92a | Detroit City | 5.10 | 0.008 |
Minnesota | Regions 5 and 6 | 3.49 | Region 7B (Ramsey) | 4.03 | 0.518 |
Mississippi | Region 3 | 2.86 | Region 7 | 3.39 | 0.451 |
Missouri | Central | 3.40 | Eastern (St. Louis City and County) | 4.49 | 0.237 |
Montana | Region 2 | 3.69 | Region 5 | 4.52 | 0.332 |
Nebraska | Region 3 | 3.14 | Region 5 | 4.31 | 0.141 |
Nevada | Rural | 3.15 | Washoe | 4.09 | 0.227 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 3.18 | Northern | 3.84 | 0.382 |
New Jersey | Central | 2.63 | Southern | 3.12 | 0.450 |
New Mexico | Region 5 | 3.81 | Region 2 | 4.31 | 0.570 |
New York | Region 5 | 2.57a | Region 3 | 4.65 | 0.004 |
North Carolina | South Central | 2.69 | Western | 3.23 | 0.396 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 3.12b | Southeast | 4.50 | 0.076 |
Ohio | Boards 8, 13, and 83 | 2.44a | Board 25 (Franklin) | 3.95 | 0.031 |
Oklahoma | East Central | 2.68 | Tulsa County | 3.86 | 0.122 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 2.82 | Region 2 | 3.96 | 0.116 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 19, 26, 28, and 42 | 2.63a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 4.13 | 0.021 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 3.32 | Washington | 4.39 | 0.227 |
South Carolina | Region 1 | 2.97 | Region 4 | 3.78 | 0.271 |
South Dakota | Region 6 | 3.17 | Region 4 | 4.28 | 0.186 |
Tennessee | Region 1 | 2.49 | Region 4 (Davidson) | 3.32 | 0.220 |
Texas | Region 4 | 2.77b | Region 7a | 4.11 | 0.056 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 3.02 | Salt Lake County | 3.81 | 0.259 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 2.95 | Champlain Valley | 3.97 | 0.169 |
Virginia | Region 1 | 3.18 | Region 4 | 3.45 | 0.705 |
Washington | Region 2 | 3.11 | Region 4 (King) | 3.73 | 0.406 |
West Virginia | South Central III | 2.55a | Northern C and D | 4.01 | 0.037 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 3.51 | Milwaukee | 4.57 | 0.261 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 3.00b | Judicial District 2 | 4.42 | 0.078 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. NOTE: Dependence is based on the definition found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 1.78 | Region 2 | 2.18 | 0.343 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 2.23 | Urban | 2.65 | 0.443 |
Arizona | Rural South | 1.60 | Pima | 1.97 | 0.433 |
Arkansas | Areas 8, 10, and 11 | 2.09 | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 2.67 | 0.307 |
California | Region 12 | 1.87 | Region 10 | 2.74 | 0.119 |
Colorado | Regions 5 and 6 | 2.08 | Region 3 | 2.42 | 0.547 |
Connecticut | South Central | 2.21 | Eastern | 2.61 | 0.468 |
Delaware | Sussex | 1.72 | Wilmington City | 2.42 | 0.194 |
District of Columbia | Ward 3 | 1.90a | Ward 5 | 4.18 | 0.015 |
Florida | Circuit 20 | 1.46a | Circuit 2 | 2.76 | 0.006 |
Georgia | Region 1 | 1.65 | Region 3 | 2.00 | 0.395 |
Hawaii | Hawaii Island | 1.59 | Maui | 1.84 | 0.602 |
Idaho | Region 5 | 1.57 | Region 4 | 1.97 | 0.331 |
Illinois | Region IV | 1.63a | Region I (Cook) | 2.46 | 0.042 |
Indiana | Northeast | 1.73 | Southeast | 2.21 | 0.342 |
Iowa | Southwest | 1.30 | Central | 1.59 | 0.447 |
Kansas | West | 1.66 | Kansas City Metro | 2.07 | 0.353 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 1.75 | Bluegrass, Comprehend, and North Key | 2.32 | 0.251 |
Louisiana | Region 4 | 1.84 | Region 1 | 2.49 | 0.264 |
Maine | Central | 1.93 | Cumberland | 2.32 | 0.434 |
Maryland | Montgomery | 1.49a | Baltimore City | 2.57 | 0.039 |
Massachusetts | Northeast | 1.82b | Boston | 2.82 | 0.071 |
Michigan | Northern | 1.44a | Detroit City | 3.80 | 0.000 |
Minnesota | Regions 1 and 2 | 1.63 | Region 7B (Ramsey) | 1.98 | 0.440 |
Mississippi | Region 5 | 1.64 | Region 7 | 2.37 | 0.162 |
Missouri | Northwest (excluding Jackson) | 1.56 | Northwest (Jackson) | 1.83 | 0.532 |
Montana | Region 1 | 1.71 | Region 5 | 2.33 | 0.184 |
Nebraska | Region 3 | 1.56 | Region 6 | 2.08 | 0.210 |
Nevada | Washoe | 1.71 | Clark | 1.94 | 0.584 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 1.63 | Northern | 2.08 | 0.307 |
New Jersey | Central | 1.54 | Metropolitan | 2.02 | 0.251 |
New Mexico | Region 2 | 1.67 | Region 1 | 2.54 | 0.115 |
New York | Region 4 | 1.70b | Region 3 | 2.79 | 0.055 |
North Carolina | Eastern | 1.93 | North Central | 2.21 | 0.575 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 1.31 | Northeast | 1.73 | 0.279 |
Ohio | Boards 7, 15, 41, 79, and 84 | 1.65b | Board 57 (Montgomery) | 2.67 | 0.054 |
Oklahoma | East Central | 1.70 | Tulsa County | 2.24 | 0.286 |
Oregon | Region 3 | 1.60 | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 2.26 | 0.130 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 1.22a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 2.26 | 0.011 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 2.11 | Providence | 2.75 | 0.201 |
South Carolina | Region 4 | 1.71 | Region 3 | 1.94 | 0.607 |
South Dakota | Region 3 | 1.36 | Region 7 | 1.65 | 0.432 |
Tennessee | Region 1 | 1.90 | Region 4 (Davidson) | 2.54 | 0.260 |
Texas | Region 6a | 1.62b | Region 7a | 2.26 | 0.090 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 1.67 | Bear River, Northeastern, Summit, Toole, and Wasatch |
2.35 | 0.178 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 1.98 | Champlain Valley | 2.72 | 0.131 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 1.61 | Region 3 | 2.04 | 0.306 |
Washington | Region 6 | 2.13 | Region 1 | 2.46 | 0.546 |
West Virginia | Northern A and B | 1.58a | Northern C and D | 2.73 | 0.031 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 1.48 | Milwaukee | 2.21 | 0.121 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 1.68 | Judicial District 2 | 2.30 | 0.204 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 5.73 | Region 2 | 6.43 | 0.438 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 7.21 | Rural | 8.49 | 0.371 |
Arizona | Rural South | 7.33 | Pima | 9.38 | 0.149 |
Arkansas | Area 9 | 6.48 | Areas 1 and 2 | 8.12 | 0.168 |
California | Region 11 (Los Angeles) | 6.98a | Region 2 | 9.87 | 0.005 |
Colorado | Region 3 | 8.82 | Regions 5 and 6 | 10.13 | 0.394 |
Connecticut | North Central | 8.21 | Eastern | 9.56 | 0.305 |
Delaware | Sussex | 5.64 | Kent | 6.74 | 0.284 |
District of Columbia | Ward 7 | 7.38a | Ward 2 | 13.98 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 6.36a | Circuit 2 | 11.22 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 5 | 5.61 | Region 3 | 6.72 | 0.266 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 7.24 | Maui | 7.73 | 0.657 |
Idaho | Region 7 | 6.73b | Region 4 | 9.24 | 0.053 |
Illinois | Region V | 7.24 | Region I (Cook) | 8.40 | 0.167 |
Indiana | Northeast | 7.25b | West | 9.46 | 0.077 |
Iowa | Northwest | 8.25 | Northeast | 9.92 | 0.177 |
Kansas | South Central | 7.20a | Kansas City Metro | 9.59 | 0.048 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 5.92 | Bluegrass, Comprehend, and North Key | 7.17 | 0.225 |
Louisiana | Region 4 | 7.12 | Regions 2 and 9 | 8.09 | 0.395 |
Maine | Midcoast | 6.70b | Cumberland | 8.83 | 0.089 |
Maryland | South | 6.16 | Baltimore City | 7.57 | 0.256 |
Massachusetts | Northeast | 7.02 | Boston | 9.03 | 0.109 |
Michigan | Western | 7.07 | Kent | 8.45 | 0.264 |
Minnesota | Regions 3 and 4 | 8.64 | Regions 5 and 6 | 9.60 | 0.442 |
Mississippi | Region 5 | 5.58 | Region 2 | 6.82 | 0.274 |
Missouri | Southwest | 8.34 | Eastern (excluding St. Louis) | 9.89 | 0.252 |
Montana | Region 2 | 9.08 | Region 5 | 11.15 | 0.133 |
Nebraska | Regions 1 and 2 | 8.16a | Region 5 | 10.93 | 0.047 |
Nevada | Rural | 8.01 | Washoe | 9.60 | 0.212 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 7.22 | Northern | 9.08 | 0.136 |
New Jersey | Northern | 6.12 | Southern | 7.58 | 0.145 |
New Mexico | Region 4 | 8.24 | Region 3 (Bernalillo) | 9.41 | 0.366 |
New York | Region 4 | 5.33a | Region 3 | 9.25 | 0.001 |
North Carolina | South Central | 5.85 | Eastern | 6.74 | 0.383 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 7.29a | Southeast | 11.88 | 0.000 |
Ohio | Boards 27, 71, and 73 | 6.04a | Board 25 (Franklin) | 8.72 | 0.013 |
Oklahoma | East Central | 6.32b | Tulsa County | 8.50 | 0.074 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 5.92a | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 8.11 | 0.046 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 5.75a | Regions 6, 12, 16, 31, 35, 39, 45, and 47 | 8.60 | 0.004 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 7.66b | Washington | 9.93 | 0.089 |
South Carolina | Region 1 | 6.72 | Region 4 | 8.36 | 0.179 |
South Dakota | Region 6 | 9.24 | Region 1 | 10.51 | 0.384 |
Tennessee | Region 7 (Shelby) | 6.18 | Region 2 | 7.11 | 0.400 |
Texas | Region 4 | 6.35a | Region 1 | 9.50 | 0.018 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 5.58 | Weber, Morgan | 7.33 | 0.120 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 7.88 | Champlain Valley | 9.48 | 0.179 |
Virginia | Region 5 | 6.86 | Region 3 | 8.11 | 0.308 |
Washington | Region 2 | 7.26 | Region 1 | 9.07 | 0.177 |
West Virginia | South Central I | 6.06b | Northern C and D | 8.27 | 0.054 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 9.05 | Western | 10.37 | 0.378 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 8.38a | Judicial District 2 | 12.47 | 0.010 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 2.61 | Region 2 | 3.25 | 0.260 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 3.46 | Rural | 3.98 | 0.584 |
Arizona | Rural South | 2.59 | Pima | 3.05 | 0.484 |
Arkansas | Areas 8, 10, and 11 | 2.99 | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 4.04 | 0.168 |
California | Region 12 | 2.61b | Region 10 | 3.74 | 0.097 |
Colorado | Regions 5 and 6 | 2.86 | Region 3 | 3.49 | 0.386 |
Connecticut | South Central | 2.90 | Eastern | 3.54 | 0.314 |
Delaware | Sussex | 2.80 | Wilmington City | 3.81 | 0.186 |
District of Columbia | Ward 3 | 2.59a | Ward 5 | 5.85 | 0.005 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 2.42a | Circuit 2 | 4.42 | 0.002 |
Georgia | Region 4 | 2.39 | Region 3 | 3.20 | 0.179 |
Hawaii | Hawaii Island | 2.42 | Maui | 2.61 | 0.758 |
Idaho | Region 1 | 2.35 | Region 4 | 3.25 | 0.115 |
Illinois | Region III | 2.33a | Region I (Cook) | 3.45 | 0.017 |
Indiana | East | 2.58 | Southeast | 3.21 | 0.363 |
Iowa | Southwest | 1.95 | Central | 2.38 | 0.395 |
Kansas | West | 2.42 | Kansas City Metro | 3.19 | 0.206 |
Kentucky | Adanta, Cumberland River, and Lifeskills | 2.63 | Seven Counties | 3.09 | 0.453 |
Louisiana | Region 4 | 2.73 | Region 1 | 3.40 | 0.372 |
Maine | York | 2.98 | Western | 3.74 | 0.242 |
Maryland | Montgomery | 2.22b | Baltimore City | 3.41 | 0.072 |
Massachusetts | Northeast | 2.63 | Western | 3.65 | 0.104 |
Michigan | Northern | 2.31a | Detroit City | 4.74 | 0.001 |
Minnesota | Regions 5 and 6 | 2.42 | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 3.03 | 0.321 |
Mississippi | Region 5 | 2.58 | Region 7 | 3.50 | 0.217 |
Missouri | Northwest (excluding Jackson) | 2.61 | Northwest (Jackson) | 3.26 | 0.332 |
Montana | Region 2 | 2.52a | Region 5 | 3.85 | 0.044 |
Nebraska | Region 3 | 2.12 | Region 6 | 2.70 | 0.247 |
Nevada | Washoe | 2.63 | Rural | 2.67 | 0.942 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 2.47 | Central 1 | 3.03 | 0.317 |
New Jersey | Northern | 2.11 | Metropolitan | 2.82 | 0.177 |
New Mexico | Region 4 | 2.60 | Region 1 | 3.67 | 0.119 |
New York | Region 4 | 2.36a | Region 15 | 3.95 | 0.024 |
North Carolina | Eastern | 3.06 | South Central | 3.35 | 0.658 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 1.99 | Northeast | 2.53 | 0.285 |
Ohio | Boards 4 and 78 | 2.44b | Board 25 (Franklin) | 3.60 | 0.080 |
Oklahoma | East Central | 2.43 | Tulsa County | 3.21 | 0.219 |
Oregon | Region 3 | 2.31b | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 3.40 | 0.067 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 1.79a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 3.39 | 0.004 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 3.37 | Washington | 4.06 | 0.348 |
South Carolina | Region 1 | 2.81 | Region 2 | 3.29 | 0.448 |
South Dakota | Region 1 | 2.15 | Region 7 | 2.56 | 0.454 |
Tennessee | Region 6 | 2.86 | Region 7 (Shelby) | 3.47 | 0.372 |
Texas | Region 2 | 2.54 | Region 1 | 3.42 | 0.169 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 2.50 | Bear River, Northeastern, Summit, Toole, and Wasatch |
3.43 | 0.167 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 2.78 | Champlain Valley | 3.51 | 0.206 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 2.20 | Region 3 | 2.97 | 0.144 |
Washington | Region 6 | 2.98 | Region 1 | 3.28 | 0.657 |
West Virginia | Northern A and B | 2.38a | Northern C and D | 3.90 | 0.038 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 2.35 | Milwaukee | 3.30 | 0.150 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 2.41b | Judicial District 2 | 3.64 | 0.070 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 6.97 | Region 2 | 8.13 | 0.259 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 9.18 | Rural | 11.75 | 0.141 |
Arizona | Rural South | 8.48 | Pima | 10.88 | 0.125 |
Arkansas | Areas 5 and 6 | 8.51 | Areas 1 and 2 | 10.17 | 0.205 |
California | Region 6 (Santa Clara) | 8.29a | Region 2 | 11.39 | 0.019 |
Colorado | Region 3 | 10.91 | Region 1 | 11.93 | 0.515 |
Connecticut | South Central | 9.76 | Eastern | 11.16 | 0.314 |
Delaware | Sussex | 7.41 | Wilmington City | 9.27 | 0.174 |
District of Columbia | Ward 4 | 9.50a | Ward 2 | 15.37 | 0.002 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 7.47a | Circuit 2 | 13.27 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 2 | 7.12 | Region 3 | 8.88 | 0.129 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 8.43 | Maui | 8.89 | 0.698 |
Idaho | Region 7 | 7.85a | Region 4 | 10.71 | 0.035 |
Illinois | Region V | 8.58b | Region I (Cook) | 10.24 | 0.079 |
Indiana | East | 8.33b | West | 10.78 | 0.077 |
Iowa | Northwest | 9.11 | Central | 10.95 | 0.194 |
Kansas | South Central | 8.40a | Kansas City Metro | 11.15 | 0.035 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 7.45 | Bluegrass, Comprehend, and North Key | 8.95 | 0.220 |
Louisiana | Region 4 | 8.68 | Regions 2 and 9 | 10.21 | 0.260 |
Maine | Central | 9.04 | Cumberland | 11.41 | 0.115 |
Maryland | South | 7.32b | Baltimore City | 9.76 | 0.072 |
Massachusetts | Northeast | 8.76b | Boston | 11.03 | 0.091 |
Michigan | Northern | 8.49b | Genesee | 10.75 | 0.060 |
Minnesota | Regions 3 and 4 | 9.76 | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 10.88 | 0.403 |
Mississippi | Region 5 | 7.08 | Region 2 | 8.39 | 0.316 |
Missouri | Southeast | 9.57 | Eastern (excluding St. Louis) | 11.22 | 0.265 |
Montana | Region 2 | 9.93a | Region 5 | 12.92 | 0.049 |
Nebraska | Regions 1 and 2 | 8.92b | Region 5 | 11.75 | 0.053 |
Nevada | Rural | 9.27 | Washoe | 10.89 | 0.263 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 8.55 | Northern | 10.88 | 0.102 |
New Jersey | Northern | 7.31 | Southern | 9.06 | 0.127 |
New Mexico | Region 4 | 9.21 | Region 3 (Bernalillo) | 11.10 | 0.183 |
New York | Region 4 | 6.55a | Region 3 | 11.62 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | South Central | 7.90 | North Central | 8.44 | 0.649 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 8.32a | Southeast | 12.84 | 0.001 |
Ohio | Boards 3, 52, and 85 | 7.67a | Board 25 (Franklin) | 10.75 | 0.016 |
Oklahoma | East Central | 7.66b | Tulsa County | 10.12 | 0.072 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 7.00a | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 10.21 | 0.015 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 6.47a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 9.78 | 0.003 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 9.98 | Washington | 12.34 | 0.132 |
South Carolina | Region 1 | 8.22 | Region 2 | 9.97 | 0.158 |
South Dakota | Region 3 | 10.16 | Region 4 | 11.33 | 0.457 |
Tennessee | Region 6 | 8.02 | Region 4 (Davidson) | 8.90 | 0.509 |
Texas | Region 4 | 7.65a | Region 1 | 11.12 | 0.014 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 6.87a | Salt Lake County | 9.33 | 0.041 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 9.65 | Champlain Valley | 11.17 | 0.247 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 8.20 | Region 3 | 9.48 | 0.304 |
Washington | Region 2 | 9.15 | Region 1 | 11.02 | 0.217 |
West Virginia | South Central III | 7.29a | Northern C and D | 10.47 | 0.014 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 10.15 | Milwaukee | 12.47 | 0.161 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 9.62a | Judicial District 2 | 14.55 | 0.004 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 5.32 | Region 2 | 6.00 | 0.443 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 6.78 | Rural | 7.45 | 0.601 |
Arizona | Rural South | 7.00 | Pima | 8.76 | 0.191 |
Arkansas | Areas 8, 10, and 11 | 6.16 | Areas 1 and 2 | 7.37 | 0.262 |
California | Region 11 (Los Angeles) | 6.72a | Region 2 | 9.57 | 0.004 |
Colorado | Region 3 | 8.53 | Region 1 | 9.99 | 0.296 |
Connecticut | North Central | 7.36 | Eastern | 9.12 | 0.167 |
Delaware | Sussex | 5.09 | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 6.40 | 0.134 |
District of Columbia | Ward 7 | 7.03a | Ward 2 | 13.77 | 0.000 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 6.12a | Circuit 2 | 11.13 | 0.000 |
Georgia | Region 2 | 5.42 | Region 3 | 6.50 | 0.260 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 6.85 | Maui | 7.22 | 0.705 |
Idaho | Region 7 | 6.70b | Region 4 | 8.98 | 0.064 |
Illinois | Region V | 7.06 | Region I (Cook) | 8.11 | 0.214 |
Indiana | Northeast | 6.91b | West | 9.05 | 0.074 |
Iowa | Northwest | 7.82 | Northeast | 9.76 | 0.105 |
Kansas | South Central | 6.64a | Kansas City Metro | 9.23 | 0.022 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 5.73 | Bluegrass, Comprehend, and North Key | 6.92 | 0.237 |
Louisiana | Region 4 | 6.88 | Regions 2 and 9 | 7.97 | 0.354 |
Maine | Midcoast | 6.34b | Cumberland | 8.64 | 0.070 |
Maryland | South | 5.91 | North Central | 7.17 | 0.287 |
Massachusetts | Northeast | 6.80 | Boston | 8.75 | 0.113 |
Michigan | Western | 6.82 | Washtenaw | 8.15 | 0.258 |
Minnesota | Regions 3 and 4 | 8.35 | Regions 5 and 6 | 9.50 | 0.360 |
Mississippi | Region 5 | 5.23 | Region 2 | 6.38 | 0.267 |
Missouri | Southwest | 7.75 | Eastern (excluding St. Louis) | 9.46 | 0.192 |
Montana | Region 2 | 7.94b | Region 5 | 10.29 | 0.069 |
Nebraska | Regions 1 and 2 | 7.67a | Region 5 | 10.46 | 0.033 |
Nevada | Rural | 7.43 | Washoe | 9.20 | 0.147 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 6.82 | Northern | 8.55 | 0.135 |
New Jersey | Northern | 5.88 | Southern | 7.04 | 0.223 |
New Mexico | Region 1 | 7.64 | Region 3 (Bernalillo) | 8.88 | 0.285 |
New York | Region 1 | 4.78a | Region 3 | 8.97 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | South Central | 5.58 | Eastern | 6.39 | 0.398 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 7.01a | Southeast | 11.51 | 0.000 |
Ohio | Boards 27, 71, and 73 | 5.76a | Board 25 (Franklin) | 7.93 | 0.023 |
Oklahoma | East Central | 5.96b | Tulsa County | 8.14 | 0.061 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 5.70b | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 7.87 | 0.051 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24 and 46 | 5.54a | Regions 6, 12, 16, 31, 35, 39, 45 and 47 | 8.38 | 0.003 |
Rhode Island | Kent | 7.34b | Washington | 9.65 | 0.072 |
South Carolina | Region 1 | 6.37 | Region 2 | 7.98 | 0.146 |
South Dakota | Region 7 | 8.58 | Region 2 | 9.75 | 0.345 |
Tennessee | Region 7 (Shelby) | 5.96 | Region 2 | 6.84 | 0.413 |
Texas | Region 4 | 6.11a | Region 1 | 9.24 | 0.013 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 5.21 | Weber, Morgan | 6.75 | 0.128 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 7.66 | Champlain Valley | 9.10 | 0.190 |
Virginia | Region 5 | 6.44 | Region 3 | 7.73 | 0.257 |
Washington | Region 2 | 6.70 | Region 4 (King) | 8.20 | 0.214 |
West Virginia | South Central I | 5.75b | Northern C and D | 7.76 | 0.057 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 8.40 | Milwaukee | 9.60 | 0.404 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 7.86a | Judicial District 2 | 12.19 | 0.004 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 2.19 | Region 4 | 2.45 | 0.583 |
Alaska | Southeast | 3.07 | Rural | 3.65 | 0.526 |
Arizona | Rural South | 2.39 | Pima | 2.83 | 0.491 |
Arkansas | Areas 5 and 6 | 2.70 | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 3.58 | 0.210 |
California | Region 14 (Orange) | 2.46b | Region 1 | 3.54 | 0.097 |
Colorado | Regions 5 and 6 | 2.62 | Region 3 | 3.33 | 0.315 |
Connecticut | South Central | 2.59 | Eastern | 3.23 | 0.302 |
Delaware | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 2.56 | Wilmington City | 3.30 | 0.260 |
District of Columbia | Ward 3 | 1.98a | Ward 5 | 4.43 | 0.007 |
Florida | Circuit 17 (Broward) | 2.14a | Circuit 2 | 4.10 | 0.002 |
Georgia | Region 2 | 2.19 | Region 3 | 2.95 | 0.174 |
Hawaii | Hawaii Island | 2.26 | Maui | 2.54 | 0.666 |
Idaho | Region 1 | 2.16 | Region 4 | 2.92 | 0.169 |
Illinois | Region III | 2.04a | Region I (Cook) | 3.12 | 0.016 |
Indiana | Northeast | 2.27 | Southeast | 2.96 | 0.266 |
Iowa | Southwest | 1.82 | Central | 2.15 | 0.472 |
Kansas | West | 2.04 | Kansas City Metro | 2.63 | 0.246 |
Kentucky | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 2.31 | Bluegrass, Comprehend, and North Key | 2.90 | 0.330 |
Louisiana | Region 4 | 2.56 | Region 1 | 3.31 | 0.311 |
Maine | York | 2.70 | Western | 3.59 | 0.183 |
Maryland | Montgomery | 1.75a | Baltimore City | 3.40 | 0.011 |
Massachusetts | Metrowest | 2.14a | Western | 3.40 | 0.030 |
Michigan | Northern | 2.08a | Detroit City | 4.76 | 0.000 |
Minnesota | Regions 3 and 4 | 2.13 | Region 7A (Hennepin) | 2.59 | 0.394 |
Mississippi | Region 1 | 2.32 | Region 7 | 3.38 | 0.119 |
Missouri | Northwest (excluding Jackson) | 2.26 | Northwest (Jackson) | 3.11 | 0.195 |
Montana | Region 1 | 2.23a | Region 5 | 3.55 | 0.038 |
Nebraska | Region 3 | 1.90 | Region 6 | 2.52 | 0.207 |
Nevada | Rural | 2.21 | Washoe | 2.48 | 0.620 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 2.14 | Central 1 | 2.85 | 0.190 |
New Jersey | Northern | 1.75 | Metropolitan | 2.32 | 0.199 |
New Mexico | Region 2 | 2.22b | Region 1 | 3.50 | 0.051 |
New York | Region 5 | 2.04a | Region 10 | 3.49 | 0.006 |
North Carolina | North Central | 2.65 | South Central | 2.96 | 0.604 |
North Dakota | Lake Region and South Central | 1.75 | Northeast | 2.30 | 0.252 |
Ohio | Boards 50 and 76 | 2.05b | Board 57 (Montgomery) | 3.04 | 0.088 |
Oklahoma | Northwest and Southwest | 2.29 | Tulsa County | 3.20 | 0.171 |
Oregon | Region 3 | 2.21b | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 3.35 | 0.061 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 5, 18, 23, 24, and 46 | 1.53a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 3.38 | 0.001 |
Rhode Island | Bristol and Newport | 2.91 | Washington | 3.61 | 0.301 |
South Carolina | Region 1 | 2.44 | Region 2 | 3.07 | 0.283 |
South Dakota | Region 1 | 1.93 | Region 7 | 2.45 | 0.314 |
Tennessee | Region 2 | 2.65 | Region 7 (Shelby) | 3.25 | 0.360 |
Texas | Region 3a | 2.25b | Region 1 | 3.17 | 0.070 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 2.30 | Bear River, Northeastern, Summit, Toole, and Wasatch |
3.04 | 0.260 |
Vermont | Rural Southwest | 2.48 | Champlain Valley | 3.15 | 0.230 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 1.77 | Region 5 | 2.46 | 0.147 |
Washington | Region 3 | 2.68 | Region 1 | 3.22 | 0.437 |
West Virginia | Northern A and B | 2.07a | Northern C and D | 3.57 | 0.020 |
Wisconsin | Northern | 2.10 | Milwaukee | 3.02 | 0.156 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 8 | 2.01a | Judicial District 2 | 3.25 | 0.044 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) is defined as having a score of 13 or higher on the K6 scale. Because of questionnaire changes, these estimates are not comparable with estimates from the 2002–2004 substate report. For details, see Section B.7 of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the estimates reflect only those aged 18 or older. a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 1 | 10.55 | Region 2 | 11.14 | 0.658 |
Alaska | Gulf Coast | 10.94 | Rural | 11.76 | 0.612 |
Arizona | Rural North | 11.63 | Maricopa | 12.11 | 0.746 |
Arkansas | Areas 8, 10, and 11 | 12.03 | Areas 3 and 4 | 13.96 | 0.239 |
California | Region 14 (Orange) | 9.82 | Region 3 | 12.06 | 0.117 |
Colorado | Regions 5 and 6 | 10.79b | Region 4 | 13.69 | 0.085 |
Connecticut | Southwest | 10.28 | Eastern | 12.51 | 0.142 |
Delaware | New Castle (excluding Wilmington City) | 10.58 | Wilmington City | 12.80 | 0.135 |
District of Columbia | Ward 4 | 9.88a | Ward 2 | 13.60 | 0.017 |
Florida | Circuit 15 (Palm Beach) | 9.17a | Circuit 14 | 12.88 | 0.014 |
Georgia | Region 3 | 11.23 | Region 4 | 13.22 | 0.213 |
Hawaii | Maui | 9.05 | Hawaii Island | 10.15 | 0.416 |
Idaho | Region 1 | 10.95 | Region 6 | 12.91 | 0.202 |
Illinois | Region I (Cook) | 10.20a | Region V | 12.66 | 0.036 |
Indiana | Northwest | 11.70 | East | 14.28 | 0.136 |
Iowa | Northwest | 10.92 | Southeast | 12.11 | 0.437 |
Kansas | South Central | 12.36 | Wichita (Sedgwick) | 14.06 | 0.316 |
Kentucky | Seven Counties | 12.73 | Kentucky River, Mountain, and Pathways | 15.39 | 0.126 |
Louisiana | Regions 2 and 9 | 11.43 | Regions 7 and 8 | 13.54 | 0.175 |
Maine | Midcoast | 11.16 | Central | 12.78 | 0.316 |
Maryland | Montgomery | 8.65a | Baltimore City | 13.05 | 0.004 |
Massachusetts | Metrowest | 9.78a | Boston | 13.27 | 0.012 |
Michigan | Oakland | 9.88a | Detroit City | 13.53 | 0.005 |
Minnesota | Regions 3 and 4 | 10.89 | Region 7B (Ramsey) | 12.29 | 0.353 |
Mississippi | Region 4 | 11.40 | Region 6 | 13.71 | 0.146 |
Missouri | Eastern (St. Louis City and County) | 13.11 | Northwest (Jackson) | 14.69 | 0.357 |
Montana | Region 5 | 11.00 | Region 3 | 13.45 | 0.111 |
Nebraska | Region 5 | 11.74 | Region 3 | 12.52 | 0.613 |
Nevada | Clark | 11.95 | Washoe | 12.64 | 0.631 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 10.10b | Central 1 | 12.78 | 0.071 |
New Jersey | Central | 9.75 | Northern | 11.00 | 0.338 |
New Mexico | Region 2 | 11.17 | Region 1 | 13.08 | 0.262 |
New York | Region 6 | 9.31a | Region 3 | 14.70 | 0.000 |
North Carolina | Western | 11.60 | North Central | 12.15 | 0.717 |
North Dakota | Badlands and West Central | 11.24 | Southeast | 12.37 | 0.407 |
Ohio | Boards 28, 43, and 67 | 10.58a | Boards 5 and 60 | 13.80 | 0.028 |
Oklahoma | Central | 12.41 | Northwest and Southwest | 14.36 | 0.237 |
Oregon | Region 3 | 11.14 | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 13.36 | 0.120 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 7, 13, 20, and 33 | 9.13a | Regions 10, 14, 15, 27, 32, 43, and 44 | 13.42 | 0.002 |
Rhode Island | Bristol and Newport | 11.36a | Providence | 15.73 | 0.009 |
South Carolina | Region 4 | 11.12 | Region 1 | 13.52 | 0.107 |
South Dakota | Region 1 | 10.28 | Region 6 | 11.55 | 0.401 |
Tennessee | Region 7 (Shelby) | 11.70b | Region 1 | 14.84 | 0.077 |
Texas | Region 6a | 9.75a | Region 3bc | 13.67 | 0.005 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 13.48 | Weber, Morgan | 15.34 | 0.290 |
Vermont | Rural Southeast | 11.28 | Rural Southwest | 12.77 | 0.347 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 9.34a | Region 3 | 12.34 | 0.033 |
Washington | Region 3 | 11.24 | Region 5 | 12.80 | 0.291 |
West Virginia | South Central I | 13.39 | Southern II | 16.49 | 0.144 |
Wisconsin | Southeastern | 10.30b | Milwaukee | 13.09 | 0.060 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 5 | 11.13a | Judicial District 2 | 15.25 | 0.014 |
State | Lowest Prevalence Substate Region within State | Highest Prevalence Substate Region within State | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substate Region Name | Estimate | Substate Region Name | Estimate | ||
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no difference. NOTE: For Substate Region definitions, see Section D of the report on Substate Estimates from the 2004–2006 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Major Depressive Episode (MDE) is defined as in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when a person experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE module. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from persons aged 18 or older to get an overall estimate (12 or older). a Difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004, 2005, and 2006. |
|||||
Alabama | Region 3 | 7.01 | Region 1 | 8.04 | 0.417 |
Alaska | Rural | 6.06 | Southeast | 7.21 | 0.361 |
Arizona | Rural South | 6.86 | Maricopa | 8.05 | 0.356 |
Arkansas | Areas 7, 12, and 13 | 7.59 | Areas 1 and 2 | 9.41 | 0.226 |
California | Region 12 | 5.82a | Region 4 | 8.70 | 0.029 |
Colorado | Region 1 | 8.13 | Regions 2 and 7 | 9.47 | 0.339 |
Connecticut | South Central | 7.36 | North Central | 8.97 | 0.267 |
Delaware | Kent | 7.21 | Wilmington City | 8.54 | 0.352 |
District of Columbia | Ward 5 | 6.71a | Ward 3 | 10.38 | 0.011 |
Florida | Circuits 11 and 16 | 5.66b | Circuit 14 | 7.93 | 0.065 |
Georgia | Region 3 | 7.02 | Region 1 | 8.65 | 0.235 |
Hawaii | Honolulu | 5.93 | Hawaii Island | 6.61 | 0.566 |
Idaho | Region 5 | 7.95 | Region 4 | 8.74 | 0.588 |
Illinois | Region II | 6.55 | Region IV | 7.63 | 0.314 |
Indiana | Northwest | 7.46b | East | 10.67 | 0.057 |
Iowa | North Central | 6.91 | Central | 7.76 | 0.502 |
Kansas | South Central | 7.50 | Southeast | 8.24 | 0.592 |
Kentucky | Communicare and River Valley | 8.32 | Adanta, Cumberland River, and Lifeskills | 9.11 | 0.620 |
Louisiana | Regions 7 and 8 | 7.28 | Region 10 (Jefferson) | 8.51 | 0.356 |
Maine | Aroostook/Downeast | 8.18 | Midcoast | 9.57 | 0.397 |
Maryland | Montgomery | 6.07 | West | 7.88 | 0.162 |
Massachusetts | Southeast | 6.92b | Boston | 9.50 | 0.073 |
Michigan | Oakland | 6.66b | Mid South | 8.78 | 0.079 |
Minnesota | Regions 5 and 6 | 6.52 | Region 7B (Ramsey) | 8.01 | 0.282 |
Mississippi | Region 2 | 6.68 | Region 1 | 8.67 | 0.151 |
Missouri | Eastern (St. Louis City and County) | 7.58 | Southeast | 9.04 | 0.334 |
Montana | Region 1 | 8.12 | Region 3 | 9.39 | 0.414 |
Nebraska | Region 4 | 7.24 | Region 5 | 8.65 | 0.306 |
Nevada | Rural | 8.97 | Washoe | 10.18 | 0.466 |
New Hampshire | Southern 1 (Rockingham) | 7.35 | Central 1 | 8.47 | 0.390 |
New Jersey | Central | 6.23 | Northern | 7.13 | 0.452 |
New Mexico | Region 5 | 6.99 | Region 3 (Bernalillo) | 8.54 | 0.269 |
New York | Region 5 | 6.26 | Region 3 | 8.23 | 0.112 |
North Carolina | Eastern | 7.31 | North Central | 7.99 | 0.590 |
North Dakota | North Central and Northwest | 7.01 | Southeast | 8.34 | 0.277 |
Ohio | Boards 18 and 47 | 7.95 | Boards 27, 71, and 73 | 9.99 | 0.175 |
Oklahoma | East Central | 7.66 | Tulsa County | 9.48 | 0.237 |
Oregon | Region 4 | 8.07b | Region 1 (Multnomah) | 10.85 | 0.089 |
Pennsylvania | Regions 7, 13, 20, and 33 | 5.79a | Region 36 (Philadelphia) | 8.18 | 0.039 |
Rhode Island | Bristol and Newport | 8.12 | Providence | 10.31 | 0.178 |
South Carolina | Region 4 | 6.94 | Region 1 | 8.86 | 0.135 |
South Dakota | Region 5 | 6.23 | Region 2 | 7.24 | 0.415 |
Tennessee | Region 7 (Shelby) | 7.93 | Region 4 (Davidson) | 9.20 | 0.397 |
Texas | Region 11c (Hidalgo) | 5.42a | Region 2 | 8.51 | 0.021 |
Utah | Central, Four Corners, San Juan, and Southwest | 8.28b | Salt Lake County | 11.06 | 0.070 |
Vermont | Champlain Valley | 7.88 | Rural Northeast | 9.41 | 0.283 |
Virginia | Region 2 | 6.82 | Region 3 | 8.33 | 0.236 |
Washington | Region 2 | 6.80 | Region 4 (King) | 7.68 | 0.469 |
West Virginia | Eastern Highland | 8.24 | Southern II | 10.69 | 0.196 |
Wisconsin | Southeastern | 7.45 | Northeastern | 8.61 | 0.391 |
Wyoming | Judicial District 5 | 7.90 | Judicial District 2 | 10.36 | 0.111 |
This page was last updated on June 19, 2008. |
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