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Ecstasy, Other Club Drugs, & Other Hallucinogens All reports on "Club Drugs", ecstasy, LSD, PCP, peyote, mescaline, and other hallucinogens
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Highlights |
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National Survey on Drug Use & Health Detailed Tables |
2004 Data: Trends in new users of Ecstasy, LSD, PCP and other hallucinogens 2003 Data: Trends in new users of Ecstasy, LSD, PCP and other hallucinogens
2002 Data: 2002 National Survey on Drug Use & Health Detailed Tables
2001 Data:
DAWN Emergency Department mentions 1994-2001 (Excel table): MDMA (ecstasy), Ketamine, LSD, PCP, miscellaneous hallucinogens, Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol), GHB, & inhalants Trends in PCP mentions in DAWN Emergency Departments (1994-2001)
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Club Drugs |
Also see: Figures and Data Tables Also see: DAWN Emergency Department mentions 1995-2002 (Excel table): MDMA (ecstasy), Ketamine, LSD, PCP, miscellaneous hallucinogens, Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol), GHB, & inhalants
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Data Source |
National Survey on Drug Use & Health (NSDUH), formerly called the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: The National Survey on Drug Abuse & Health, formerly the NHSDA, obtains information on nine different categories of illicit drug use: marijuana, cocaine, heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, and nonmedical use of prescription-type pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, and sedatives. In these categories, hashish is included with marijuana, and crack is considered a form of cocaine. Several drugs are grouped under the hallucinogens category, including LSD, PCP, peyote, mescaline, mushrooms, and "Ecstasy" (MDMA). Inhalants include a variety of substances, such as amyl nitrite, cleaning fluids, gasoline, paint, and glue. The four categories of prescription-type drugs (pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, and sedatives) cover numerous drugs available through prescriptions and sometimes illegally "on the street." Methamphetamine is included under stimulants. Over-the-counter drugs and legitimate uses of drugs under a doctor's prescription are not included. Respondents are asked to report only uses of drugs that were not prescribed for them or they took only for the experience or feeling they caused. NSDUH/NHSDA reports combine the four prescription-type drug groups into a category referred to as "any psychotherapeutics." Estimates of "any illicit drug use" reported from the NHSDA reflect use of any of the nine substance categories listed above. Use of alcohol and tobacco products, while illegal for youths, are not included in these estimates, but are discussed in Chapters 3 and 4. Click here for the full 2002 NSDUH report. Findings on Ecstasy, LSD, PCP, and other hallucinogens from the 2002 National Survey on Drug Use & Health are summarized below in Prevalence: |
Prevalence |
Also See: Figures and Detailed Data Tables 2004-2005 Data: The NSDUH Report: Patterns of Hallucinogen Use and Initiation: 2004 and 2005 2003 Data: Trends in new users of Ecstasy, LSD, PCP and other hallucinogens 2002 Data: In 2002, hallucinogens were used in the month prior to the interview (i.e., current use) by 1.2 million persons (0.5 percent of the population age 12 and older), including 676,000 users of Ecstasy (0.1 percent of the population age 12 and older). Hallucinogen Use: Detailed Tables for 2002 (All are in PDF format):2001 Data: Prevalence of LSD, PCP, Ecstasy and Other Hallucinogen Use by Racial/Ethnic Group: Based on SAMHSA's National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, in 2001 almost 1.4 million youth aged 12 to 17 had used hallucinogens at least once in their lifetime. Among youth, Blacks were less likely than whites, Asians, or Hispanics to have used any hallucinogen in their lifetime. Blacks and Hispanics were more likely than whites and Asians to perceive great risk in trying LSD once or twice. See The NHSDA Report: Racial and Ethnic Differences in Youth Hallucinogen Use. Prevalence and Trends of Hallucinogen Use:
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List of Reports on Ecstasy & Other Hallucinogens |
National Prevalence:
DAWN Emergency Department Visits:
Treatment: Also see Treatment Admissions for Specific Drugs |
Trends in New Users of Ecstasy and Other Hallucinogens |
2004 Data: Trends in new users of Ecstasy, LSD, PCP and other hallucinogens 2003 Data: Trends in new users of Ecstasy, LSD, PCP and other hallucinogens 2002 Data on Incidence (New Users): Hallucinogens
Figure 6.2 Annual Numbers of New Users of Ecstasy, LSD, and PCP: 19652001
2001 Data: Trends in Initiation of Ecstasy and Other Hallucinogens Estimates of substance use incidence, or initiation (i.e., the number of new users during a given year), provide another measure of the Nation's substance use problem. Where prevalence estimates describe the extent of current use of substances, incidence data describe emerging patterns of use, particularly among young people. In the past, increases and decreases in incidence have usually been followed by corresponding changes in the prevalence of use, particularly among youths. The incidence estimates in this report are based on National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA) data from 1999, 2000, and 2001 collected with computer-assisted interviewing methods. These data should not be compared with previously published NHSDA data based on paper-and-pencil interviewing methods. Not only is the mode of data collection different for the incidence estimates produced prior to the 1999 NHSDA, but the estimation methodology has been revised as well. The estimation methodology is described in Appendix B in Volume II and summarized below. The incidence estimates are based on the NHSDA questions on age at first use, year and month of first use for recent initiates, the respondent's date of birth, and the interview date. Using this information along with editing and imputation when necessary, an exact date of first use is determined for each substance used by each respondent. For age-specific incidence rates, the period of exposure is defined for each respondent and age group for the time that the respondent was in the age group during the calendar year. Incidents of first use also are classified by year of occurrence and age at the date of first use. By applying sample weights to incidents of first use, estimates of the number of new users of each substance for each year are developed. These estimates include new users at any age (including those younger than age 12) and also are shown for two specific age groups—youths aged 12 to 17 and young adults aged 18 to 25. In addition, the average age of new users in each year and age-specific rates of first use are estimated. The incidence rates are presented in this report as the number of new users per 1,000 potential new users because they indicate the rate of new use among persons who have not yet used the substance (i.e., potential new users). More precisely, the rates are actually the number of new users per 1,000 person-years of exposure. This measure is widely used in describing the incidence of disease. The numerator of each rate is the number of persons in the age group who first used the substance in the year, while the denominator is the person-time exposure measured in thousands of years. Each person's drug-specific exposure time ends on the date of first use of the respective drug. For age-specific estimates, exposure is limited to time during the year that the person was in the age group. Persons who first used the substance in a prior year have zero exposure to first use in the current year, and persons who still have never used the substance by the end of the current year had a full year of exposure to risk. Because the incidence estimates are based on retrospective reports of age at first substance use by survey respondents interviewed during 1999, 2000, and 2001, they may be subject to several sources of bias. These include bias due to differential mortality of users and nonusers of each substance, bias due to memory errors (recall decay and telescoping), and underreporting bias due to social acceptability and fear of disclosure. See Appendix B in Volume II for a discussion of these biases. As explained in Appendix B, it is possible that some of these biases, particularly telescoping and underreporting because of fear of disclosure, may be affecting estimates for the most recent years more significantly. To account for this bias in the interpretation of the trends, a more stringent standard for determining statistical significance involving estimates from the most recent years (1997 and later) is used in this chapter. Differences are reported to be statistically significant only if they differ at the =.01 level. The usual standard in the rest of the report is the =.05 level. This is an arbitrary standard that provides some protection against incorrect conclusions in the face of potential biases that can fluctuate and even change direction from year to year. A more thorough analysis of the problem will be conducted in the future. Because the incidence estimates are based on retrospective reports of age at first use, the most recent year available for these estimates is 2000, based on the 2001 NHSDA. Estimates for the year 2000 are based only on data from the 2001 survey, estimates for the year 1999 are based only on data from the 2000 and 2001 surveys, and estimates for earlier years are based on the combined 1999 to 2001 data. For two of the measures, first alcohol use and first cigarette use, initiation before age 12 is common. A 2-year lag in reporting for "all ages" estimates is applied for these measures because the NHSDA sample does not cover youths under age 12. The 2-year lag ensures that initiation at ages 10 and 11 is captured in the estimation. Hallucinogens
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*Low
precision; no estimate reported. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000 and 2001. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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*Low precision; no estimate
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This page was last updated on December 31, 2008. |
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