Married female S&E doctorate holders are more likely than their male counterparts to face the challenges of a dual-career household.

• Female S&E doctorate holders are almost twice as likely as males to have spouses employed full time: 82 percent of the married females and 42 percent of the married males had spouses employed full time in 2001.
• Only 13 percent of the married females but 38 percent of the married males had spouses who were not employed.