|
|
Dispatch
Hospitalization and Antimicrobial
Resistance in Salmonella Outbreaks, 1984–2002
Jay K. Varma,*
Katherine D. Greene,* Jessa Ovitt,† Timothy J. Barrett,* Felicita Medalla,*
and Frederick J. Angulo*
*Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; and †Private
practice, Lenoir, NC, USA
|
Appendix Table. Domestic, community, nontyphoidal
Salmonella outbreaks investigated by the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, 1984–2002
|
|
|
Year
|
State
|
Serotype
|
Resistance pattern*
|
Implicated vehicle
|
No. hospitalized/total (%)†
|
No. died/total (%)‡
|
|
|
1984
|
Oregon
|
Typhimurium
|
TS
|
Salad bar
|
45/388 (12)
|
0/715 (0)
|
|
1984
|
Pennsylvania
|
Infantis
|
Pansusceptible
|
Turkey/beef sandwich
|
1/203 (0)
|
0/203 (0)
|
|
1985
|
California
|
Newport
|
ACKSSuT
|
Ground beef
|
22/45 (49)
|
2/298 (1)
|
|
1985
|
Missouri
|
Thompson
|
NA
|
Pork
|
NA
|
NA
|
|
1985
|
Illinois
|
Typhimurium
|
AKSSuT
|
Milk
|
2777/12624 (22)
|
18/16659 (0)
|
|
1986
|
Georgia
|
Typhimurium
|
Pansusceptible
|
Turkey
|
4/719 (1)
|
0/719
|
|
1986
|
Multiple§
|
Enteritidis, Heidelberg
|
Pansusceptible
|
Eggs (in frozen pasta)
|
13/166 (8)
|
1/166 (1)
|
|
1987
|
Georgia
|
Havana
|
T
|
Chicken
|
36/73 (49)
|
1/73 (1)
|
|
1987
|
Hawaii
|
Agona
|
Pansusceptible
|
Chicken
|
NA
|
0/202 (0)
|
|
1989
|
Maine
|
Heidelberg
|
Pansusceptible
|
Unknown
|
NA
|
NA
|
|
1989
|
Minnesota
|
Javiana
|
Pansusceptible
|
Cheese
|
NA
|
NA
|
|
1989
|
Multiple§
|
Chester
|
Pansusceptible
|
Cantaloupe
|
NA
|
NA
|
|
1989
|
Nevada
|
Typhimurium
|
Pansusceptible
|
Deli platter
|
NA
|
NA
|
|
1990
|
Pennsylvania
|
Enteritidis
|
Pansusceptible
|
Eggs
|
5/26 (19)
|
0/94 (0)
|
|
1990
|
South Carolina
|
Agona
|
NA
|
Turkey
|
NA
|
0/850 (0)
|
|
1992
|
Georgia
|
Infantis
|
Pansusceptible
|
Eggs (in rice pudding)
|
0/113 (0)
|
0/113 (0)
|
|
1992
|
New York
|
Enteritidis
|
NA
|
Eggs (in mayonnaise)
|
8/98 (8)
|
0/98 (0)
|
|
1993
|
Missouri
|
Typhimurium
|
NA
|
Water
|
13/27 (48)
|
7/650 (1)
|
|
1993
|
Multiple§
|
Montevideo
|
Pansusceptible
|
Raw tomatoes, lettuce
|
15/62 (24)
|
0/84 (0)
|
|
1993
|
Texas
|
Enteritidis
|
NA
|
Egg rolls
|
2/19 (11)
|
NA
|
|
1994
|
Georgia
|
Enteritidis
|
Pansusceptible
|
Eggs (in ice cream)
|
0/129 (0)
|
NA
|
|
1995
|
Arizona
|
Stanley
|
KTB
|
Alfalfa sprouts
|
5/19 (26)
|
NA
|
|
1995
|
Florida
|
Hartford
|
Pansusceptible
|
Orange juice
|
7/32 (22)
|
NA
|
|
1995
|
Utah
|
Enteritidis
|
Pansusceptible
|
Eggs
|
5/43 (12)
|
NA
|
|
1996
|
Colorado
|
Enteritidis
|
Pansusceptible
|
Komodo dragon
|
8/37 (22)
|
NA
|
|
1996
|
South Dakota
|
Thompson
|
Pansusceptible
|
Roast beef
|
0/43 (0)
|
0/52 (0)
|
|
1996
|
Hawaii
|
Enteritidis
|
Pansusceptible
|
Unknown
|
NA
|
NA
|
|
1997
|
Washington
|
Typhimurium
|
ACSSuT
|
Cheese (queso fresco)
|
5/54 (9)
|
0/54 (0)
|
|
1997
|
Vermont
|
Typhimurium
|
ACSSuT
|
Milk (raw)
|
1/9 (11)
|
NA
|
|
1997
|
Maryland
|
Heidelberg
|
KST
|
Ham (stuffed)
|
NA
|
2/706 (0)
|
|
1997
|
Kansas, Missouri
|
Infantis, Anatum
|
Pansusceptible
|
Sprouts
|
18/67 (27)
|
0/114 (0)
|
|
1997
|
South Carolina
|
Enteritidis
|
Pansusceptible
|
Eggs
|
4/192 (2)
|
0/192 (0)
|
|
1997
|
Nevada
|
Enteritidis
|
Pansusceptible
|
Eggs (in hollandaise sauce)
|
15/63 (24)
|
0/91 (0)
|
|
1998
|
Ohio
|
Typhimurium
|
AKSSuT
|
Farm exposure
|
5/19 (26)
|
NA
|
|
1998
|
Multiple§
|
Agona
|
Pansusceptible
|
Oat cereal
|
33/88 (38)
|
1/409 (0)
|
|
1998
|
Massachusetts
|
Typhimurium
|
Pansusceptible
|
Milk (raw)
|
2/47 (4)
|
NA
|
|
1999
|
Colorado
|
Typhimurium
|
Pansusceptible
|
Clover sprouts
|
3/20 (15)
|
0/81 (0)
|
|
1999
|
Massachusetts
|
Newport
|
MDR-AmpC
|
Farm exposure
|
11/32 (34)
|
0/46 (0)
|
|
1999
|
Missouri
|
Typhimurium
|
NA
|
Water
|
17/110 (15)
|
0/110 (0)
|
|
2000
|
Multiple§
|
Bareilly
|
NA
|
Water
|
19/46 (41)
|
NA
|
|
2000
|
Multiple§
|
Enteritidis
|
Pansusceptible
|
Orange juice
|
13/88 (15)
|
NA
|
|
2000
|
North Carolina
|
Enteritidis
|
NA
|
Eggs
|
11/53 (21)
|
NA
|
|
2000
|
Pennsylvania, New Jersey
|
Typhimurium
|
AKSSuT
|
Milk
|
6/23 (26)
|
0/93 (0)
|
|
2001
|
Mississippi
|
Javiana
|
Pansusceptible
|
Amphibian exposure
|
9/57 (16)
|
0/73 (0)
|
|
2002
|
Florida
|
Javiana
|
Pansusceptible
|
Tomatoes
|
3/82 (4)
|
NA
|
|
2002
|
Texas
|
Enteritidis
|
Pansusceptible
|
Unknown
|
3/41 (7)
|
0/650 (0)
|
|
2002
|
Washington, DC
|
Muenchen
|
Pansusceptible
|
Pasta salad
|
3/40 (8)
|
0/40 (0)
|
|
| *A, ampicillin; C, chloramphenicol; K,
kanamycin; S, streptomycin; Su, sulfamethoxazole; T, tetracycline;
B, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; MDR-AMPC, ACSSuT + amoxicillin/clavulanic
acid, cephalothin, cefoxitin, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone (reduced susceptibility);
NA, not available. |
| †Denominator includes those for whom hospitalization
status was ascertained. In many outbreaks, hospitalization was only
ascertained for patients enrolled in an analytic study. |
| ‡Denominator includes those for whom mortality
was assessed. If this number was not available, the total number of
ill persons in the outbreak was included as the denominator. |
|
§Outbreak involving ≥3 states.
|
|
