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Vol. 11, No. 6
June 2005

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Dispatch

Macrolide- and Telithromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes, Belgium, 1999–2003

Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar,*Comments Christine Lammens,* Sabine Chapelle,* Monique Wijdooghe,* Jasper Piessens,* Koen Van Herck,* and Herman Goossens*
*University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium


Appendix Table 2. Temporal changes in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and emm type distribution among 3 macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes phenotypes

Macrolide-resistant phenotype

Emm type

PFGE cluster*

Frequency (n=506)

No. (%) of macrolide-resistant S. pyogenes

1999 (n=81)

2000 (n=41)

2001 (n=73)

2002 (n=215)

2003 (n=96)

cMLS

emm22

1

70

45 (56)

7 (17)

9 (12)

7 (3)

2 (2)

1057

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

emm4

10

9

    

9 (12)

    

11

8

3 (4)

  

2 (3)

2 (1)

1 (1)

1002

1

        

1 (1)

1009

2

  

2 (5)

      

emm76

32

1

1 (1)

        

emm2

new2

1

  

1 (2)

      

emm28

4

45

    

4 (5)

15 (7)

26 (27)

emm11

23

28

    

1 (1)

6 (3)

21 (22)

emm75

15

1

    

1 (1)

    

emm6

5

1

    

1 (1)

    

emm12

6

1

    

1 (1)

    

57

11

      

8 (4)

3 (3)

emm77

10

6

      

6 (3)

  

NT†

2

3

      

3 (1)

  

49

12

      

12 (6)

  

64

4

      

4 (2)

  

65

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

69

2

      

2 (1)

  

70

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

M

emm1

1001

128

7 (9)

12 (29)

23 (32)

80 (37)

6 (6)

1022

2

2 (2)

        

3

1

1 (1)

        

emm12

6

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

1011

10

4 (5)

2 (5)

3 (4)

1 (0.4)

  

1025

10

3 (4)

    

2 (1)

5 (5)

1026

2

2 (2)

        

1027

1

1 (1)

        

1030

2

  

1 (2)

  

1 (0.4)

  

1035

9

    

1 (1)

4 (2)

4 (4)

1044

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

1047

2

      

2 (1)

  

emm2

18

1

1 (1)

        

1038

1

1 (1)

        

new 3

1

1(1)

        

1042

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

1034

1

    

1 (1)

    

1049

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

emm4

1002

28

2 (2.5)

2 (5)

7 (10)

7 (3)

10 (10)

1007

2

  

2 (5)

      

1008

1

1 (1)

        

1009

1

  

1 (2)

      

1010

11

1 (1)

3 (7)

2 (3)

2 (1)

3 (3)

1019

1

1 (1)

        

1021

2

2 (2)

        

1043

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

1044

3

        

3 (3)

1054

2

      

2 (1)

  

1059

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

emm77

1028

4

  

4 (10)

      

9

2

  

1 (2)

1 (1)

    

10

3

      

3 (1)

  

emm75

1036

1

    

1 (1)

    

1060

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

emm33

1046

2

      

2 (1)

  

1052

2

      

2 (1)

  

emm78

1042

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

emm28

1033

1

        

1 (1)

emm9

1042

2

        

2 (2)

emm60

8

1

1 (1)

        

NT

42

1

1 (1)

        

1018

1

  

1 (2)

      

62

3

      

3 (1)

  

71

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

1005

2

      

2 (1)

  

1012

2

      

2 (1)

  

1033

2

      

2 (1)

  

1042

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

1043

3

      

3 (1)

  

1044

3

      

3 (1)

  

1045

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

1049

3

      

3 (1)

  

1050

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

1051

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

1055

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

1058

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

1061

2

        

2 (2)

83

1

        

1 (1)

26

1

        

1 (1)

iMLS

emm1

1031

1

  

1 (2)

      

emm22

1

2

    

2 (3)

    

emm4

10

1

    

1 (1)

    

emm9

61

1

    

1 (1)

    

emm77

9

2

    

1 (1)

1 (0.4)

  

10

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

50

2

    

1 (1)

1 (0.4)

  

emm12

57

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

emm18

1048

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

emm89

77

1

        

1 (1)

NT

new 1

1

  

1 (2)

      

63

1

      

1 (0.4)

  

49

3

        

3 (3)

*PFGE profile numbers from 1-100 designate restriction with SmaI and above 1,000 restriction profiles generated with SfiI.

†NT, non-typeable.
   
     
   
Comments to the Authors

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Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar, Department of Medical Microbiology, Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, S3, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium; fax: 32-3-820-26-63; email: surbhi.malhotra@ua.ac.be

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