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Volume 9, Number 12, December 2003

West Nile Virus in Mexico: Evidence of Widespread Circulation since July 2002

José G. Estrada-Franco,* Roberto Navarro-Lopez,† David W.C. Beasley,* Lark Coffey,* Anne-Sophie Carrara,* Amelia Travassos da Rosa,* Tamara Clements,‡ Eryu Wang,* George V. Ludwig,‡ Arturo Campomanes Cortes,† Pedro Paz Ramirez,† Robert B. Tesh,* Alan D.T. Barrett,* and Scott C. Weaver*
*University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; †Comision Mexico-Estados Unidos para la Prevencion de la Fiebre Aftosa y Otras Enfermedades Exoticas de los Animales, Mexico City, Mexico; and ‡U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA

 
 
Figure 2
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Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree, derived by maximum likelihood (ML) by using prM-E sequences for West Nile virus (WNV) isolates including the 2003 Mexican Raven isolate. Strains are indicated by country or abbreviated state (U.S.) followed by year and strain designation. GenBank accession nos. are in parentheses. A lineage 2 WNV strain (AY277251) was used to root the tree. Numbers indicate bootstrap values from 1,000 replicates.

 

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