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Waterborne Disease Outbreak
1990 Case Definition
Clinical description
Symptoms of illness depend upon etiologic agent.
Laboratory criteria for diagnosis
Depends upon etiologic agent.
Definition
An incident in which two or more persons experience
a similar illness after consumption or use of water intended
for drinking, and epidemiologic evidence implicates the water
as the source of the illness.
Comment
In addition, a single case of chemical poisoning
constitutes an outbreak if laboratory studies indicate that the
water has been contaminated by the chemical. Other outbreaks
that should be reported include a) epidemiologic investigations
of outbreaks of gastroenteritis (even if not waterborne) on ocean-going
passenger vessels that call on U.S. ports, and b) outbreaks of
illness associated with exposure to recreational water. Disease
outbreaks associated with water used for recreational purposes
should meet the same criteria used for waterborne outbreaks associated
with drinking water. However, outbreaks associated with recreational
water involve exposure to or unintentional ingestion of fresh
or marine water, excluding wound infections caused by water-related
organisms.
See also:
- Surveillance for
Waterborne-Disease Outbreaks--United States, 1997-1998
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