| Agent Name |
alpha-Chloroacetophenone |
|---|
| Alternative Name |
Phenacyl chloride |
|---|
| CAS Number |
532-27-4 |
|---|
| Formula |
C8-H7-Cl-O |
|---|
| Major Category |
Other Chemicals |
|---|
| Synonyms |
"Tear gas"; 1-Chloroacetophenone; 2-Chloro-1-phenylethanone; 2-Chloroacetophenone; Acetophenone, 2-chloro-; CN; CN (lacrimator); Chemical mace; Chloromethyl phenyl ketone; Ethanone, 2-chloro-1-phenyl-; Mace (lacrimator); Phenacyl chloride; Phenacylchloride; Phenylchloromethylketone; alpha-Chloroacetophenone; [ChemIDplus] UN1697 |
|---|
| Category |
Tear Gas Agents |
|---|
| Description |
Colorless to gray crystalline solid with a sharp, irritating odor; [NIOSH] |
|---|
| Sources/Uses |
A lacrimator (tear gas) agent; [ACGIH] |
|---|
| Comments |
Alpha-chloroacetophenone can cause allergic contact dermatitis with cross-reactions to o-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile. [ACGIH] A lachrymator; [HSDB]"With extremely high inhalational exposures, lower respiratory injury is possible." [Olson, p. 559] May cause respiratory tract irritation and pulmonary edema; [ICSC] |
|---|
| Exposure Assessment |
|---|
| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
No |
|---|
| TLV (ACGIH) |
0.05 ppm |
|---|
| PEL (OSHA) |
0.05 ppm |
|---|
| IDLH (NIOSH) |
2 ppm |
|---|
| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: ACGIH [1971] reported that the effective concentration to produce casualties as estimated from volunteer exposure is greater than 100 mg/m3. Deichmann and Gerarde [1969] reported that a fatality followed an exposure of less than 20 minutes to high concentrations of vapor (5.4 grams in a 34 m3 room, which is roughly equivalent to 160 mg/m3). Based on the data cited above, an IDLH of 100 mg/m3 is chosen.. . . . Other human data: It has been reported that 31 mg/m3 is intolerable after 3 minutes [Punte et al. 1962]. |
|---|
| Vapor Pressure |
0.005 mm Hg |
|---|
| Odor Threshold Low |
0.01 ppm |
|---|
| Lethal Concentration |
LCLo (rats) = 417 mg/m3/15 min |
|---|
| Explanatory Notes |
Odor threshold from NJ "Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet"; Flash point = 244 deg F; |
|---|
| Reference Link |
International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO) |
|---|
| Flammability (NFPA) |
1: must be preheated |
|---|
| Adverse Effects |
|---|
| Toxic Pneumonitis |
Yes |
|---|
| Skin Sensitizer |
Yes |
|---|
| Lacrimator |
Yes |
|---|
| Links to Other NLM Databases |
|---|
| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: 2-CHLOROACETOPHENONE
|
|---|
