-CITE-
 
    21 USC Sec. 451                                              01/22/02
 
-EXPCITE-
 
    TITLE 21 - FOOD AND DRUGS
 
    CHAPTER 10 - POULTRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION
 
-HEAD-
 
    Sec. 451. Congressional statement of findings
 
-STATUTE-
 
      Poultry and poultry products are an important source of the
 
    Nation's total supply of food.  They are consumed throughout the
 
    Nation and the major portion thereof moves in interstate or foreign
 
    commerce.  It is essential in the public interest that the health
 
    and welfare of consumers be protected by assuring that poultry
 
    products distributed to them are wholesome, not adulterated, and
 
    properly marked, labeled, and packaged.  Unwholesome, adulterated,
 
    or misbranded poultry products impair the effective regulation of
 
    poultry products in interstate or foreign commerce, are injurious
 
    to the public welfare, destroy markets for wholesome, not
 
    adulterated, and properly labeled and packaged poultry products,
 
    and result in sundry losses to poultry producers and processors of
 
    poultry and poultry products, as well as injury to consumers.  It
 
    is hereby found that all articles and poultry which are regulated
 
    under this chapter are either in interstate or foreign commerce or
 
    substantially affect such commerce, and that regulation by the
 
    Secretary of Agriculture and cooperation by the States and other
 
    jurisdictions as contemplated by this chapter are appropriate to
 
    prevent and eliminate burdens upon such commerce, to effectively
 
    regulate such commerce, and to protect the health and welfare of
 
    consumers.
 
-SOURCE-
 
    (Pub. L. 85-172, Sec. 2, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 441; Pub. L.
 
    90-492, Sec. 2, Aug. 18, 1968, 82 Stat. 791.)
 
-MISC1-
 
                                 AMENDMENTS
 
      1968 - Pub. L. 90-492 inserted provisions stating it to be
 
    necessary that the health and welfare of consumers be protected by
 
    assuring that poultry products distributed to them are wholesome,
 
    not adulterated, and properly marked, labeled, and packaged,
 
    provisions that misbranded poultry products impair the effective
 
    regulation of poultry products and destroy markets for wholesome,
 
    not adulterated, and properly labeled and packaged poultry
 
    products, and result in sundry losses to poultry producers and
 
    processors of poultry and poultry products, as well as injury to
 
    consumers, and provisions that all articles and poultry which are
 
    regulated by this chapter are either in interstate or foreign
 
    commerce or substantially affect such commerce and that regulation
 
    by the Secretary of Agriculture and cooperation by the states and
 
    other jurisdictions as contemplated by this chapter are appropriate
 
    to serve the specified aims, and struck out provisions that all
 
    poultry and poultry products which have or are required to have
 
    inspection under this chapter are either in the current of
 
    interstate or foreign commerce or directly affect such commerce,
 
    provisions that that part entering directly into the current of
 
    interstate or foreign commerce cannot be effectively inspected and
 
    regulated without also inspecting and regulating all poultry and
 
    poultry products in the same establishment, and provisions
 
    authorizing the Secretary to designate major consuming areas.
 
                      EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1968 AMENDMENT
 
      Section 20 of Pub. L. 90-492 provided that: "This Act (see Short
 
    Title of 1968 Amendment note below) shall become effective upon
 
    enactment (Aug. 18, 1968) except as provided in paragraphs (a)
 
    through (c):
 
      "(a) The provisions of subparagraphs (a)(2)(A) and (a)(3) of
 
    section 9 of the Poultry Products Inspection Act, as amended by
 
    section 9 of this Act (section 458(a)(2)(A) and (a)(3) of this
 
    title), shall become effective upon the expiration of sixty days
 
    after enactment hereof (Aug. 18, 1968).
 
      "(b) Section 14 of this Act, amending section 15 of the Poultry
 
    Products Inspection Act (section 464 of this title), shall become
 
    effective upon the expiration of sixty days after enactment hereof
 
    (Aug. 18, 1968).
 
      "(c) Paragraph 11(d) of the Poultry Products Inspection Act, as
 
    added by section 11 of this Act (section 460(d) of this title),
 
    shall become effective upon the expiration of sixty days after
 
    enactment hereof (Aug. 18, 1968)."
 
                               EFFECTIVE DATE
 
      Section 29, formerly section 22, of Pub. L. 85-172, as renumbered
 
    by Pub. L. 90-492, Sec. 17, Aug. 18, 1968, 82 Stat. 805, provided
 
    that: "This Act (this chapter) shall take effect upon enactment
 
    (Aug. 28, 1957), except that no person shall be subject to the
 
    provisions of this Act (this chapter) prior to January 1, 1959,
 
    unless such person after January 1, 1958, applies for and receives
 
    inspection for poultry or poultry products in accordance with the
 
    provisions of this Act (this chapter) and pursuant to regulations
 
    promulgated by the Secretary hereunder, in any establishment
 
    processing poultry or poultry products in commerce or in a
 
    designated major consuming area.  Any person who voluntarily
 
    applies for and receives such inspection after January 1, 1958,
 
    shall be subject, on and after the date he commences to receive
 
    such inspection, to all of the provisions and penalties provided
 
    for in this Act (this chapter) with respect to all poultry or
 
    poultry products handled in the establishment for which such said
 
    application for inspection is made."
 
                       SHORT TITLE OF 1968 AMENDMENT
 
      Section 1 of Pub. L. 90-492 provided: "That this Act (enacting
 
    sections 467a to 467f and 470 of this title, amending this section
 
    and sections 452 to 461, 463 to 465, and 467 of this title, and
 
    enacting provisions set out as notes under this section) may be
 
    cited as the 'Wholesome Poultry Products Act'."
 
                                SHORT TITLE
 
      Section 1 of Pub. L. 85-172 provided: "That this Act (enacting
 
    this chapter and provisions set out as notes under this section)
 
    may be cited as the 'Poultry Products Inspection Act'."
 
                                SEPARABILITY
 
      Section 19 of Pub. L. 90-492 provided that: "If any provisions
 
    of this Act or of the amendments made hereby (see Short Title of
 
    1968 Amendment note above) or the application thereof to any person
 
    or circumstances is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of
 
    the Act and the remaining amendments and of the application of such
 
    provision to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected
 
    thereby."
 
      Section 28, formerly section 21, of Pub. L. 85-172, as renumbered
 
    by Pub. L. 90-492, Sec. 17, Aug. 18, 1968, 82 Stat. 805, provided
 
    that: "If any provision of this Act (this chapter) or the
 
    application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid,
 
    the validity of the remainder of the Act and of the application of
 
    such provision to other persons and circumstances shall not be
 
    affected thereby."
 
                      FOOD ADDITIVES AMENDMENT OF 1958
 
      Pub. L. 85-929, Sec. 7, Sept. 6, 1958, 72 Stat. 1789, provided
 
    that: "Nothing in this Act (amending sections 321, 331, 342, 346,
 
    and 348 of this title and section 210 of Title 42, The Public
 
    Health and Welfare, and enacting provisions set out as notes under
 
    sections 321 and 342 of this title) shall be construed to exempt
 
    any meat or meat food product or any person from any requirement
 
    imposed by or pursuant to the Poultry Products Inspection Act (21
 
    U.S.C. 451 and the following) (this chapter) or the Meat Inspection
 
    Act of March 4, 1907, 34 Stat. 1260, as amended and extended (21
 
    U.S.C. 71 and the following) (see section 601 et seq. of this
 
    title)."
 
-SECREF-
 
                   SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
 
      This section is referred to in sections 321, 454 of this title.
 
                     ACT REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
 
      The Wholesome Poultry Products Act is referred to in section 1053
 
    of this title.